Anti-lock brake and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of brakes, and particularly relates to an anti-lock brake and a vehicle. The anti-lock brake is provided with the second elastic piece, oil pressure generated during braking can be partially counteracted, on the premise that the same anti-lock effect is achieved, driving force needing to be provided by the driving mechanism can be reduced, a smaller driving device can be selected for the driving mechanism, the size of an adjuster is reduced, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of brake technology, and specifically relates to an anti-lock braking system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) often use an electric motor as the drive unit. During braking, the rider applies force to the controller, and the pressure of the hydraulic fluid gradually increases, thereby generating braking force. The motor needs to drive the hydraulic fluid to produce pressure reduction, pressure holding, and pressure increase in an anti-lock braking manner. Therefore, the motor needs to overcome the hydraulic pressure, and its output torque is relatively large. The size of the motor is also relatively large, which not only occupies a lot of space, but also increases the cost of the motor. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an anti-lock braking system and vehicle that can reduce size and cost.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an anti-lock braking system (ABS) comprising an adjuster connected to an actuator and a caliper via oil pipes. The adjuster includes an adjusting member, a drive mechanism, a second elastic member, a wheel speed detection device, and a controller. The controller is electrically connected to both the wheel speed detection device and the drive mechanism. The wheel speed detection device detects wheel speed to activate or deactivate the drive mechanism. The second elastic member provides a preload acting on the adjusting member. The adjusting member has a cavity. During braking, the oil pressure in the cavity partially cancels out the preload of the second elastic member, and the drive mechanism drives the adjusting member to cause a volume change in the cavity.

[0005] Furthermore, the adjusting member is a first elastic member, and the driving mechanism drives the first elastic member to deform, causing a volume change in the cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, the regulator includes a base with an opening at one end, the first elastic element is fixed on the base, and a cavity is formed between the base and the first elastic element.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a top member and a fastener. The second elastic member is a compression spring. The second elastic member is sleeved on the top member. The fastener is fixed to the base. One end of the second elastic member abuts against the fastener. The other end of the second elastic member abuts against the top member. The top member is connected to the drive mechanism. The top member can reciprocate linearly. The top member abuts against the first elastic member.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a driving device that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel connected to the driving device. The axis of the output shaft of the driving device does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel is connected to the first elastic member through the top member.

[0009] Furthermore, the top member is provided with a first waist-shaped hole, the eccentric wheel cooperates with the first waist-shaped hole, and the first boss abuts against the first elastic member.

[0010] Furthermore, the top member is provided with a tray, the second elastic member is placed on the tray, one end of the second elastic member abuts against the fastener, and the other end of the second elastic member abuts against the tray.

[0011] Furthermore, the second elastic element is provided in multiple forms.

[0012] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a leaf spring, and the second elastic element is provided with a second waist-shaped hole and a second boss. The driving mechanism includes a driving device that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel connected to the driving device. The axis of the output shaft of the driving device does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel cooperates with the second waist-shaped hole, and the second boss abuts against the first elastic element.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjuster also includes a fixing member, and the first elastic member is disposed between the fixing member and the base, the fixing member fixing the edge of the first elastic member.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjusting element is a piston, and the driving mechanism drives the piston to move, causing a volume change in the cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, the regulator includes a base with an opening at one end, the piston slides on the base, and a cavity is formed between the base and the piston.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a top member and a fastener. The second elastic member is a compression spring. The second elastic member is sleeved on the top member. The fastener is fixed to the base. One end of the second elastic member abuts against the fastener. The other end of the second elastic member abuts against the top member. The top member is connected to the drive mechanism. The top member can reciprocate linearly. The top member abuts against the piston.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive device that outputs rotary motion and an eccentric wheel connected to the drive device. The axis of the output shaft of the drive device does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel is connected to the piston through the top member.

[0018] Furthermore, the top member is provided with a first waist-shaped hole, and the eccentric wheel engages with the first waist-shaped hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the top member is provided with a tray, the second elastic member is placed on the tray, one end of the second elastic member abuts against the fastener, and the other end of the second elastic member abuts against the tray.

[0020] Furthermore, the second elastic element is provided in multiple forms.

[0021] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a leaf spring, and the second elastic element is provided with a second waist-shaped hole and a second boss. The driving mechanism includes a driving device that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel connected to the driving device. The axis of the output shaft of the driving device does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel cooperates with the second waist-shaped hole, and the second boss abuts against the piston.

[0022] Furthermore, the first elastic element is circular or rectangular in shape.

[0023] Furthermore, the first elastic element is a diaphragm.

[0024] Furthermore, the regulator is integrally formed with the operator, or the regulator is integrally formed with the caliper.

[0025] Furthermore, during the braking process, the drive mechanism is activated when the wheel speed detection device detects that the wheel speed acceleration exceeds a preset value.

[0026] This application also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned anti-lock braking system.

[0027] As can be seen from the above, the anti-lock brake provided in this application is equipped with a second elastic element, which can partially offset the oil pressure generated during braking. Under the premise of achieving the same anti-lock effect, the driving force required by the drive mechanism can be reduced. Therefore, a smaller drive device can be selected for the drive mechanism, reducing the size of the regulator and lowering the cost.

[0028] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the anti-lock brake.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the regulator in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the regulator in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 4 This is one of the state diagrams (longitudinal section) of the regulator in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 5 This is the second state diagram of the regulator in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the regulator in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the regulator in Example 2.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the regulator in Example 2.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the regulator in Example 3.

[0038] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the regulator in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the regulator in Example 4.

[0040] Label Explanation:

[0041] 1-Actuator, 2-Oil line, 3-Valier, 4-Wheel, 5-Disc, 6-Wheel speed detection device, 61-Sensor, 62-Grate disc, 7-Controller

[0042] 8-Regulator,

[0043] 81-Drive mechanism, 811-Drive device, 812-Eccentric wheel

[0044] 82-First elastic element,

[0045] 83-Base, 831-Cavity

[0046] 84-Fasteners,

[0047] 85-Top piece, 851-First oblong hole, 852-First boss, 853-Tray,

[0048] 86-Fasteners,

[0049] 87-Second elastic element, 871-Second oblong hole, 872-Second boss,

[0050] 88-Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0056] Example 1, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-lock braking system (ABS). This application provides an ABS that can be applied to vehicles such as bicycles, electric bicycles, electric-assisted bicycles, scooters, motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks. Its purpose is to prevent wheel lock-up during emergency braking, thereby maintaining vehicle handling and stability.

[0057] The anti-lock braking system (ABS) includes an adjuster 8 connected to an operator 1 and a caliper 3 via oil lines 2. The operator 1 can be a handbrake or a foot brake. In the two-wheeled vehicle field, the handbrake is commonly used, so the operator 1 can be installed at the handlebars; in the four-wheeled vehicle field, the foot brake is commonly used, so the operator 1 can be a brake pedal installed under the cab. The caliper 3 is fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the frame and contains pistons and brake pads. The operator 1 is used to push the oil in the oil line 2 to the caliper 3, causing the brake pads in the caliper 3 to actuate and clamp the disc 5, thereby reducing the vehicle speed.

[0058] In this embodiment, the adjusting element of the regulator 8 is a first elastic element 82. The regulator 8 includes a driving mechanism 81 that drives the first elastic element 82 to deform and a wheel speed detection device 6. The driving mechanism 81 and the wheel speed detection device 6 are electrically connected to the controller 7 and establish a communication connection. The controller 7 may include a control system for a vehicle or for an anti-lock braking system, wherein the wheel speed or the number of times the wheel 4 rotates per minute is detected. The controller 7 may include or have a microprocessor, a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit (IC), a computer, etc.

[0059] The wheel speed detection device 6 includes a sensor 61 and a grille disk 62. The sensor 61 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame. The grille disk 62 is a disc with multiple evenly spaced oblique grooves along its circumference, fixedly mounted on the wheel 4 and rotating with it. The sensor 61 is directly opposite the grille disk 62. As the grille disk 62 rotates and passes by the sensor 61, the magnetic grille disk 62 is detected by the sensor 61, causing the sensor 61 to generate a series of pulse signals. Preferably, the sensor 61 can be a variable reluctance magnetic speed sensor, such as a Hall sensor, or any other type of sensor 61 capable of detecting the rotation of the grille disk 62, such as an optical sensor, a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor, an anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensor, or a tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor.

[0060] The controller 7 collects the rotational speed of wheel 4 in real time. When the wheel speed detection device 6 detects a sharp drop in the rotational speed of wheel 4, meaning the vehicle's acceleration during braking exceeds a preset value, which may cause wheel 4 to lock up, the controller 7 sends a command to the drive mechanism 81. The drive mechanism 81 then activates to circulate and depressurize the hydraulic pressure, maintaining and increasing the pressure, typically dozens of times per second. This rapid cyclical operation ensures that the vehicle maintains braking effectiveness during emergency braking while preventing wheel 4 from locking up, thus maintaining the vehicle's handling and stability. When the vehicle's acceleration during braking does not exceed the preset value, the controller 7 sends a command to the drive mechanism 81 to stop its operation.

[0061] In some embodiments, when the vehicle brakes, the wheel speed is lower than the vehicle body speed, and slippage occurs between the tire and the road surface. The degree of slippage can be expressed by the slip ratio, which is the ratio of the difference between the vehicle speed and the wheel speed to the vehicle speed. The formula is S = (UV) / U × 100%, where U is the vehicle speed and V is the wheel speed. The larger the wheel slip ratio, the greater the proportion of slippage in the wheel 4 during movement. When the wheel 4 slip ratio is 15%-20%, the coefficient of adhesion reaches its maximum value. Therefore, to achieve the best braking effect, the slip ratio is generally set to 20%. The wheel speed detection device 6 detects the wheel speed. When the wheel speed rapidly decreases to a certain value and the slip ratio exceeds 20%, the drive mechanism 81 is activated; if the slip ratio does not exceed 20%, the drive mechanism 81 stops working.

[0062] It can actively implement anti-lock braking modes of cyclic depressurization, pressure holding, and pressure boosting. Among them, depressurization means that when the controller 7 detects that the wheel 4 is about to lock up, it quickly reduces the oil pressure and thus reduces the braking pressure of the wheel 4, allowing the wheel 4 to resume rotation; pressure holding means that after the wheel 4 resumes rotation, the controller 7 will maintain the braking pressure unchanged to maintain the current braking effect; pressure boosting means that after the wheel 4 stabilizes and rotates, the controller 7 will gradually increase the braking pressure to continue applying braking.

[0063] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 81 includes a drive device 811 that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel 812 connected to the drive device 811. The drive device 811 that outputs rotational motion can be a micro motor, and the eccentric wheel 812 is typically a cylinder. The axis of the output shaft of the drive device 811 does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel 812, and there is a certain eccentricity. The drive device 811 can be any device that can provide rotational motion, such as a rotary motor.

[0064] The eccentric wheel 812 is relatively simple to machine and can be machined using a conventional lathe, resulting in low manufacturing costs and helping to reduce the overall cost of the device.

[0065] The regulator 8 includes a base 83 with an opening at one end and a first elastic element 82 fixed on the base 83. The first elastic element 82 can be a thin diaphragm made of metal (such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc.) or non-metal (rubber, plastic, etc.), and the thickness of the first elastic element 82 is controlled within 0.3 mm ± 0.1 mm, preferably 0.3 mm.

[0066] The first elastic element 82 can be fixed to the end face of the base 83 by means of gluing, welding, or snap-fit ​​connection. The shape of the first elastic element 82 can be circular or rectangular. Circular elastic elements have better flexibility and torsional capacity, and are relatively simple to process. Due to their symmetry, circular elastic elements can deform evenly under force, exhibiting good flexibility and torsional capacity, and perform excellently in applications requiring uniform deformation. Rectangular elastic elements have a simple shape and are easy to process, but their elasticity is slightly weaker, and their deformation characteristics are not as uniform as those of circular elastic elements. Due to the presence of their corners, rectangular elastic elements may experience stress concentration under force, leading to uneven deformation. The shape of the first elastic element 82 is determined by the specific shape of the adjuster 8.

[0067] To facilitate the assembly and subsequent maintenance of the first elastic element 82, a fixing element 84 is provided, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fixing member 84 is a thin plate structure with a central clearance hole. The four corners of the fixing member 84 are fixed to the base 83 by screws, so that the first elastic member 82 is placed between the fixing member 84 and the base 83, pressing the edge of the first elastic member 82 and restricting the displacement of the first elastic member 82.

[0068] The adjuster 8 also includes a second elastic element 87, a top element 85, and a fastener 86. The second elastic element 87 is fitted onto the top element 85. In this embodiment, the fastener 86 is sleeve-shaped and fixed to the base 83. The fastener 86 is hollow inside, and a through hole is provided at the center of the top of the fastener 86. The interior of the fastener 86 is used to accommodate the second elastic element 87 and to allow the top element 85 to pass through it. Preferably, the second elastic element 87 is a compression spring. The second elastic element 87 applies preload to the top element 85, which is transmitted to the first elastic element 82 through the first boss 852.

[0069] The top member 85 is rod-shaped, and a first protrusion 852 is provided on the lower part of the top member 85. The first protrusion 852 of the top member 85 can pass through the clearance hole in the center of the fixing member 84 and contact the first elastic member 82. At the same time, the inner wall of the clearance hole in the center of the fixing member 84 slides and engages with the outer wall of the first protrusion 852. The clearance hole in the center of the fixing member 84 also guides the first protrusion 852, so that the top member 85 can only reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction.

[0070] A first oblong hole 851 is provided above the top member 85, protruding from the fastener 86. The first oblong hole 851 is used to assemble the eccentric wheel 812 connected to the drive device 811. Specifically, the width of the first oblong hole 851 is the same as the diameter of the eccentric wheel 812. The eccentric wheel 812 mates with the first oblong hole 851, fitting within it. When the drive device 811 drives the eccentric wheel 812 to rotate, it causes the top rod to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction. Figure 4 As shown, the push rod has now reached its lower rest point; as Figure 5 As shown, the push rod has now reached its upper rest point. Using an eccentric wheel 812 facilitates the conversion of rotary motion into linear motion, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, and offers high transmission efficiency.

[0071] To better assemble the second elastic member 87, the top member 85 is provided with a tray 853. The diameter of the tray 853 is slightly larger than the diameter of the second elastic member 87. The second elastic member 87 is placed on the tray 853, with the lower end of the second elastic member 87 abutting against the top surface of the tray 853, and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the fastener 86 abutting against the upper end of the second elastic member 87.

[0072] When the rider applies emergency braking using the actuator 1, the caliper 3 clamps the disc 5, causing a rapid increase in oil pressure within the oil pipe 2 and cavity 831. The preload of the second elastic element 87 acting on the first elastic element 82 partially cancels out the oil pressure within the cavity 831. The preload of the second elastic element 87 is opposite in direction to the oil pressure within the cavity 831, and its value can be greater than or less than the oil pressure within the cavity 831. In other words, the absolute value of the difference between the preload of the second elastic element 87 and the oil pressure within the cavity 831 is controlled within a certain range. Let the preload of the second elastic element 87 be A, and the oil pressure within the cavity 831 be B, expressed by the formula |AB|=C. C is the driving force required by the drive mechanism 81.

[0073] By setting a second elastic element 87, the oil pressure generated during braking can be partially offset. Under the premise of achieving the same anti-lock braking effect, the driving force required by the drive mechanism 81 can be reduced. Therefore, a smaller drive device 811 can be selected for the drive mechanism 81, reducing the size of the regulator 8 and lowering the cost.

[0074] It should be noted that the adjuster 8 can be integrally formed with the operator 1 or integrally formed with the caliper 3. When the adjuster 8 is integrally formed with the operator 1, since the operator 1 in the two-wheeled vehicle field is installed at the front of the vehicle, the operating space is large, which facilitates installation and maintenance; when the adjuster 8 is integrally formed with the caliper 3, it is not easily scratched or bumped by foreign objects. In addition, the adjuster 8 can also be designed in the middle of the oil pipe 2; when the adjuster 8 is in the middle of the oil pipe 2, the adjuster 8 can be concealed inside the frame and not exposed.

[0075] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figures 6-8 As shown, replacing one second elastic element 87 with multiple second elastic elements 87 reduces the size of the adjuster 8. The fastener 86 and top element 85 are also adapted accordingly. In this embodiment, four second elastic elements 87 are provided, and the fasteners 86 are four screws. The fasteners 86 pass through the second elastic elements 87 and are fixed to the base 83. One end of each second elastic element 87 abuts against the fastener 86, and the other end abuts against the top element 85. The top element 85 is composed of two separate parts that are fixed together, which facilitates manufacturing. By replacing one second elastic element 87 with multiple second elastic elements 87, the size of the selected second elastic element 87 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the adjuster 8.

[0076] Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the second elastic element 87 is a leaf spring, eliminating the need for a top piece 85, thus further reducing the size of the adjuster 8. The leaf spring has an L-shaped structure. The long side of the second elastic element 87 is fixed to the base 83 with screws. A second boss 872 is provided in the middle of the long side of the second elastic element 87, and a second oblong hole 871 is provided on the short side of the second elastic element 87. The eccentric wheel 812 engages with the first oblong hole 851, and the second boss 872 abuts against the first elastic element 82. When the drive device 811 rotates, the second elastic element 87 can bend and deform upwards or downwards. Since the deformation range of the second elastic element 87 is small, it can be considered as reciprocating linear motion in the vertical direction. The leaf spring structure of the second elastic element 87 results in a smaller volume and eliminates the need for a top piece 85, further reducing the size of the adjuster 8.

[0077] Example 4 differs from Examples 1-3 in that, as Figure 11 As shown, the first elastic element 82 is replaced by a piston 88 as an adjusting element. The piston 88 is mounted on the base 83 and can slide on the base 83. A sealing ring is installed between the piston 88 and the base 83 to prevent oil leakage. A cavity 831 is formed between the base 83 and the piston 88. The top member 85 can reciprocate linearly. The bottom of the top member 85 is flat, eliminating the need for a first protrusion 852. The top member 85 abuts against the piston 88. The drive mechanism 81 drives the piston 88 to move, causing a volume change in the cavity 831. Compared to the first elastic element 82, the piston 88 can withstand greater oil pressure and has a longer service life.

[0078] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An anti-lock braking system, characterized in that, The device includes an adjuster (8) connected to the actuator (1) and the caliper (3) via oil pipes (2). The adjuster (8) includes an adjusting member, a drive mechanism (81), a second elastic member (87), a wheel speed detection device (6), and a controller (7). The controller (7) is electrically connected to the wheel speed detection device (6) and the drive mechanism (81). The wheel speed detection device (6) detects the wheel speed to start and stop the drive mechanism (81). The second elastic member (87) provides a pre-pressure acting on the adjusting member. The adjusting member has a cavity (831). During braking, the oil pressure in the cavity (831) partially cancels out the pre-pressure of the second elastic member (87). The drive mechanism (81) then drives the adjusting member to cause a volume change in the cavity (831).

2. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting element is a first elastic element (82), and the driving mechanism (81) drives the first elastic element (82) to deform, causing the cavity (831) to change in volume.

3. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The regulator (8) includes a base (83) with an opening at one end, the first elastic member (82) is fixed on the base (83), and a cavity (831) is formed between the base (83) and the first elastic member (82).

4. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a top piece (85) and a fastener (86). The second elastic element (87) is a compression spring. The second elastic element (87) is sleeved on the top piece (85). The fastener (86) is fixed to the base (83). One end of the second elastic element (87) abuts against the fastener (86), and the other end of the second elastic element (87) abuts against the top piece (85). The top piece (85) is connected to the drive mechanism (81). The top piece (85) can reciprocate linearly. The top piece (85) abuts against the first elastic element (82).

5. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (81) includes a drive device (811) that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel (812) connected to the drive device (811). The axis of the output shaft of the drive device (811) does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel (812). The eccentric wheel (812) is connected to the first elastic member (82) through the top member (85).

6. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top member (85) is provided with a first waist-shaped hole (851) and a first boss (852). The eccentric wheel (812) cooperates with the first waist-shaped hole (851), and the first boss (852) abuts against the first elastic member (82).

7. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top member (85) is provided with a tray (853), and the second elastic member (87) is placed on the tray (853). One end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the fastener (86), and the other end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the tray (853).

8. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second elastic element (87) is provided in multiple forms.

9. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second elastic element (87) is a leaf spring. The second elastic element (87) is provided with a second waist-shaped hole (871) and a second boss (872). The drive mechanism (81) includes a drive device (811) that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel (812) connected to the drive device (811). The axis of the output shaft of the drive device (811) does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel (812). The eccentric wheel (812) cooperates with the second waist-shaped hole (871), and the second boss (872) abuts against the first elastic element (82).

10. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjuster (8) further includes a fixing member (84), and the first elastic member (82) is disposed between the fixing member (84) and the base (83), and the fixing member (84) fixes the edge of the first elastic member (82).

11. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting element is a piston (88), and the driving mechanism (81) drives the piston (88) to move, causing the cavity (831) to change volume.

12. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The regulator (8) includes a base (83) with an opening at one end, and the piston (88) slides on the base (83), forming a cavity (831) between the base (83) and the piston (88).

13. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 12, characterized in that, It also includes a top piece (85) and a fastener (86). The second elastic member (87) is a compression spring. The second elastic member (87) is sleeved on the top piece (85). The fastener (86) is fixed to the base (83). One end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the fastener (86), and the other end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the top piece (85). The top piece (85) is connected to the drive mechanism (81). The top piece (85) can reciprocate linearly. The top piece (85) abuts against the piston (88).

14. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (81) includes a drive device (811) that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel (812) connected to the drive device (811). The axis of the output shaft of the drive device (811) does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel (812). The eccentric wheel (812) is connected to the piston (88) through the top member (85).

15. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The top piece (85) is provided with a first waist-shaped hole (851), and the eccentric wheel (812) cooperates with the first waist-shaped hole (851).

16. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The top member (85) is provided with a tray (853), and the second elastic member (87) is placed on the tray (853). One end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the fastener (86), and the other end of the second elastic member (87) abuts against the tray (853).

17. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second elastic element (87) is provided in multiple forms.

18. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second elastic element (87) is a leaf spring. The second elastic element (87) is provided with a second waist-shaped hole (871) and a second boss (872). The drive mechanism (81) includes a drive device (811) that outputs rotational motion and an eccentric wheel (812) connected to the drive device (811). The axis of the output shaft of the drive device (811) does not coincide with the axis of the eccentric wheel (812). The eccentric wheel (812) cooperates with the second waist-shaped hole (871), and the second boss (872) abuts against the piston (88).

19. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic element (82) is circular or rectangular in shape.

20. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic element (82) is a diaphragm.

21. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regulator (8) is integrally formed with the operator (1), or the regulator (8) is integrally formed with the caliper (3).

22. The anti-lock braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wheel speed detection device (6) detects that the wheel speed acceleration exceeds a preset value during the braking process, the drive mechanism (81) is activated.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the anti-lock braking system as described in any one of claims 1-22.

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