Sand scattering pipe, sand scattering device and locomotive

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sand scattering pipe, a sand scattering device and a locomotive. The sand scattering pipe comprises a pipe body, a cover plate and a connecting piece, the pipe body is provided with a pipe opening, sand in the pipe body flows out of the pipe opening, the connecting piece is connected between the pipe body and the cover plate, and the cover plate is arranged to be capable of covering the pipe body and blocking the pipe opening. The sand scattering pipe is arranged to be capable of being switched between an opening state and a closing state, and when the sand scattering pipe is in the opening state, the cover plate is in a non-working position; and when the sand scattering pipe is in a closed state, the cover plate is in a working position, and the cover plate covers the pipe body and blocks the pipe orifice. The sand scattering device can effectively prevent foreign matters from blocking the sand scattering pipe, so that the foreign matters are not easy to enter the sand scattering device, the blocking risk of the sand scattering device is reduced, and the working efficiency of the locomotive is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of locomotive sand spreading equipment, and in particular to a sand spreading pipe, a sand spreading device, and a locomotive. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, locomotives sometimes experience idling. To prevent slippage, multiple sand spreaders are usually installed on the bogies of electric locomotives to spread sand between the locomotive wheels and the rails.

[0003] However, foreign objects can easily enter and clog the sand spreaders in related technologies. Furthermore, due to the limited working space, it is difficult to repair the sand spreaders after foreign objects enter them, which affects subsequent work. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on this, a sand spreading pipe, a sand spreading device, and a locomotive are provided, which makes it difficult for foreign objects to enter the sand spreading device, reduces the risk of blockage, and improves the working efficiency of the locomotive.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a sand-spreading pipe is provided, the sand-spreading pipe comprising:

[0006] A pipe body having an opening from which sand flows out; and

[0007] A cover plate and a connector, the connector being connected between the pipe body and the cover plate, the cover plate being configured to cover the pipe body and plug the pipe opening;

[0008] The sand-spreading pipe is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state. When the sand-spreading pipe is in the open state, the cover plate is in a non-working position; when the sand-spreading pipe is in the closed state, the cover plate is in the working position, covering the pipe body and blocking the pipe opening.

[0009] In one embodiment, the connector is attached to one end of the tube body located on the side of the tube body facing away from the ground along the direction of gravity.

[0010] In one embodiment, a cut surface is defined, which intersects the tube body at the tube opening, and the cut surface is inclined to the extension direction of the tube body;

[0011] The cut surface is at a preset angle to the extension direction of the tube body, and the preset angle α satisfies: 45°≤α≤60°.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cover plate includes a body portion and an extension portion. The extension portion is located at one end of the body portion facing the pipe body. When the sand-spraying pipe is in the closed state, the extension portion extends into the pipe body and plugs the pipe body, while the body portion plugs the pipe opening.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sand-spreading pipe further includes a flexible tube and a binding member. The flexible tube is located at one end of the pipe body away from the pipe opening, and the binding member is located on the flexible tube to bind the flexible tube.

[0014] In one embodiment, the end of the connector away from the cover plate is connected to the flexible tube.

[0015] According to another aspect of this application, a sand-spreading device is provided, comprising the sand-spreading pipe described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] In one embodiment, the sand spreading device further includes a sand box, a connecting pipe, a control valve, and an air supply component. The sand box is used to store sand, the connecting pipe is connected between the sand box and the sand spreading pipe, the control valve is located on the connecting pipe, and the air supply component is connected to the control valve. The air supply component is used to supply air to the control valve to control the opening and closing of the control valve.

[0017] In one embodiment, the sand-spreading device further includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected between the gas supply component and the control valve and is used to supply gas to the control valve to control the opening and closing of the control valve. The second gas channel is connected between the gas supply component and the connecting pipe and is capable of allowing gas to pass through the connecting pipe toward the pipe body.

[0018] According to another aspect of this application, a locomotive is provided, including the sand-spreading device described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the extending direction of the sand-spreading pipe of the sand-spreading device is inclined relative to the direction of gravity.

[0019] The sand-spreading pipe of this application is equipped with a cover plate that can switch between a working position and a non-working position. Understandably, when sand spreading is needed, the cover plate is in the non-working position, not covering or blocking the pipe opening, and the sand-spreading pipe is in the open state, allowing for smooth sand spreading. When sand spreading is not needed, the cover plate is in the working position, covering or blocking the pipe opening, preventing external foreign objects from entering the pipe and clogging it. Thus, this application effectively prevents foreign objects from clogging the sand-spreading pipe, making it less likely for foreign objects to enter the sand-spreading device, reducing the risk of clogging, and improving the locomotive's working efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-spreading pipe in one embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the matching structure of the cover plate and pipe body of the sand-spreading pipe in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-spreading structure of a sand-spreading pipe in one embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-spreading device in one embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a sand-spreading pipe in one embodiment of this application, where the extension direction is inclined to the direction of gravity.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] 10. Sand-spreading pipe;

[0027] 1. Pipe body; 11. Pipe opening; 2. Fixing component; 3. Connecting component; 4. Main body; 5. Extension part; 6. Binding component; 7. Adjusting nut; 8. Sand; 9. Flexible pipe;

[0028] 20. Sandbox; 30. Connecting pipe; 40. Control valve; 50. Air supply unit; 60. Wheel; 70. Track. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0035] During operation, electric locomotives sometimes experience wheel spin, which occurs when the locomotive's motor-driven wheelsets rotate at high speed. However, due to slippery or oily rail surfaces, the coefficient of friction decreases, causing the wheelsets to spin in place without the locomotive moving. This wheel spin is more likely to occur in rainy or snowy weather when the rail surface friction coefficient is lowered.

[0036] Idling in electric locomotives poses several risks, including reduced traction, increased risk of stopping on inclines, accelerated wheel and rail wear, increased wear on the transmission system, reduced stability, and increased safety hazards. Therefore, corresponding measures are necessary to address idling in electric locomotives.

[0037] Multiple sand spreaders are typically installed on the bogies of electric locomotives. When the locomotive experiences slippage, these spreaders can be activated to spray sand onto the wheelset and rail surface, increasing friction and thus suppressing slippage. Alternatively, in rainy or snowy weather, when the rail surface friction coefficient decreases, sand spreading can be pre-emptively applied to increase the friction coefficient and further reduce the likelihood of locomotive slippage.

[0038] Foreign objects can easily enter the sand spreader in related technologies. Especially during rainy or snowy weather, particularly when electric locomotives are running, snowflakes, dust, and other foreign objects can easily get into the sand spreader, causing blockages. Repairing blockages is difficult, requiring personnel to use long wires, iron rods, or other tools to loosen and remove the foreign objects. Furthermore, the sand spreading pipe is usually located in a confined space, making maintenance extremely difficult due to limited operating space. In other words, the confined working space and difficult operating angles result in a large workload, long working hours, and a large number of personnel required, causing disruptions to production and transportation, and impacting the efficiency of locomotive operation, leading to significant economic losses.

[0039] Based on this, this application provides a sand-spreading device and locomotive to reduce the risk of foreign objects entering the sand-spreading device and causing blockage, thus preventing the sand-spreading device from working properly. The sand-spreading device of this application is applicable to, but is not limited to, SS4 type (SS4G type / SS4B type) electric locomotives and Harmony electric locomotives.

[0040] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sand-spreading pipe 10 in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the matching structure of the cover plate and the pipe body 1 of the sand-spreading pipe 10 in one embodiment of this application.

[0041] The sand-spreading pipe 10 provided in this application includes a pipe body 1, a cover plate, and a connector 3. The pipe body 1 has an opening 11, through which sand 8 flows out. The connector 3 connects the pipe body 1 and the cover plate. The cover plate is configured to cover the pipe body 1 and block the opening 11. This allows the sand-spreading pipe 10 to be opened when sand spreading is needed and closed when sand spreading is not needed, effectively preventing foreign objects from entering and clogging the sand-spreading pipe 10.

[0042] The sand-spreading pipe 10 is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state. When the sand-spreading pipe 10 is in the open state, the cover plate is in the non-working position. When the sand-spreading pipe 10 is in the closed state, the cover plate is in the working position, covering the pipe body 1 and blocking the pipe opening 11.

[0043] The sand-spreading pipe 10 of this application uses a cover to prevent external foreign objects from entering the pipe body 1, thus protecting the sand-spreading pipe 10. When sand spreading is needed, the cover is in a non-working position and does not cover or block the pipe opening 11, allowing the sand-spreading pipe 10 to spread sand smoothly. When sand spreading is not needed, the cover is in the working position, covering or blocking the pipe opening 11, preventing external foreign objects from entering the pipe body 1 and clogging the sand-spreading pipe 10. The installation position of the pipe body 1 needs to be aligned with the contact point between the wheel and the rail. If no anti-clogging treatment is taken, and it remains open for a long time, foreign objects can easily enter when the locomotive is running, especially since locomotives usually need to run in both directions. When running in the opposite direction, the pipe opening of the pipe body 1 faces the running direction, and foreign objects can easily enter. These foreign objects can fly through the sand-spreading pipe and into the bend of the connecting pipe at the rear end, causing blockage at the bend. This application can effectively prevent foreign objects from clogging the sand-spreading pipe 10, making it difficult for foreign objects to enter the sand-spreading device, reducing the risk of blockage, and improving the working efficiency of the locomotive. In other words, this application significantly improves the reliability and ease of maintenance of the sand-spreading pipe 10, reduces downtime caused by blockage of foreign objects, and thus improves the overall operating efficiency of the locomotive.

[0044] In this embodiment, the material of the tube body 1 is rubber or metal, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0045] In some embodiments, continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, refer to the following: Figure 3 As shown, the connector 3 is connected to one end of the pipe body 1, located on the side of the pipe body 1 facing away from the ground along the direction of gravity. This design allows the sand 8 flowing from the pipe opening 11 to open the cover plate when the sand-spreading pipe 10 is spreading sand. When spreading sand stops, the cover plate falls naturally under gravity and simultaneously covers the pipe opening 11 under the traction of the connector 3. This achieves automatic cover placement at the pipe opening 11 when sand spreading is not needed, and opening under the push of the sand 8 when sand spreading is required. No additional structure is needed to control the opening and closing of the cover plate, simplifying the overall structure of the sand-spreading pipe 10 and saving costs.

[0046] In some embodiments, the connector 3 is made of a rubber material with elasticity and toughness, and is connected between the cover plate and the fixing member 2 to help the cover plate fall naturally under the action of gravity when the sand is stopped, and the sand 8 flowing out from the pipe 11 can open the cover plate when the sand is being spread.

[0047] In this embodiment, a steel wire can be installed inside the connector 3, that is, a connecting rope made of rubber with steel wire inside can be used to connect the cover plate to the fixing part, thereby reducing the risk of the cover plate being lost during locomotive operation.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 As shown, a cut surface is defined, intersecting the pipe body 1 at the pipe opening 11. The cut surface is inclined to the extension direction of the pipe body 1. This helps the sand 8 flow more smoothly from the pipe opening 11, reducing the accumulation and blockage of sand 8 at the pipe opening 11, and improving the uniformity and efficiency of sand spreading. Furthermore, it can be understood that when sand spreading stops, the cover plate will fall naturally under gravity, and the cover plate can fit into the inclined pipe opening, covering it and preventing windblown sand, rain, snow, foreign objects, etc., from entering.

[0049] In some embodiments, continue reading Figure 1 As shown, the cut surface forms a preset angle with the extension direction of the pipe body 1, and the preset angle α satisfies: 45°≤α≤60°. Satisfying the above range can greatly reduce the resistance of the sand 8 at the pipe opening 11, ensure the smooth flow of the sand 8, and maintain the stability of the sand spreading pipe 10 structure.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cover plate includes a body portion 4 and an extension portion 5. The extension portion 5 is located at the end of the body portion 4 facing the pipe body 1. When the sand-spreading pipe 10 is in the closed state, the extension portion 5 extends into the pipe body 1 and plugs the pipe body 1, while the body portion 4 plugs the pipe opening 11. In this way, the sealing effect of the cover plate on the pipe opening 11 is enhanced, further preventing foreign objects from entering the pipe body 1 from the pipe opening 11, and improving the sealing performance and protection capability of the sand-spreading pipe 10.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the extension 5 is metal, such as steel, which has relatively high hardness. It is understood that when sand is spread, the sand pushes open the cover plate and impacts the cover plate. Due to the force of the flying sand particles, the cover plate is easily damaged or broken by impact. In order to reduce the risk of damage to the cover plate, the extension 5 of the cover plate is made of steel structure. The steel sheet has high hardness and is not easily broken by impact, ensuring its long service life.

[0052] In some embodiments, the body part 4 is made of rubber material. During manufacturing, the body part 4 is required to have a certain thickness to ensure that it has a certain weight, so that the cover plate can fall freely under its own weight and match the inclined opening of the tube.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Combined with reference Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sand-spreading device in one embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in one embodiment of the present application, showing that the extension direction of the sand-spreading pipe 10 is inclined to the direction of gravity.

[0054] The sand-spreading pipe 10 also includes a flexible pipe 9 and a binding member 6. The flexible pipe 9 is located at the end of the pipe body 1 opposite to the pipe opening 11, and the binding member 6 is located on the flexible pipe 9 to bind it. It can be understood that both the flexible pipe 9 and the binding member 6 are located at the end of the pipe body 1 opposite to the pipe opening 11, used to connect the pipe body 1 and the connecting pipe 30. The flexible pipe 9 is made of an elastic material. After the pipe body 1 and the connecting pipe 30 are aligned, the flexible pipe 9 is placed over the connecting pipe 30, and then the binding member 6 is used to bind the flexible pipe 9 between the binding member 6 and the pipe body 1, thereby achieving the connection between the pipe body 1 and the connecting pipe 30. This design allows the pipe body 1 to be connected to connecting pipes 30 with different radial dimensions, improving the applicability of the sand-spreading pipe 10 of this application.

[0055] In some embodiments, the sand-spreading pipe 10 further includes an adjusting nut 7. The binding member 6 has a plurality of spaced-apart through holes around the circumference of the pipe body 1. The binding size of the binding member 6 is adjusted by passing the adjusting nut 7 through any two different through holes, thereby achieving the binding of connecting pipes 30 with different radial dimensions. The binding size is the radial dimension of the space for accommodating the connecting pipe 30, defined jointly by the binding member 6 and the adjusting nut 7.

[0056] In some embodiments, the end of the connector 3 furthest from the cover plate is connected to the flexible tube 9. This improves both the connection strength between the cover plate and the tube body 1, and the connection strength between the flexible tube 9 and the tube body 1.

[0057] In this embodiment, the connector 3 is connected to the tube body 1 via the fastener 2. The fastener 2 is a ring-shaped structure made of elastic material, allowing it to be fitted onto the tube body 1 to attach the connector 3. In this embodiment, the fastener 2 can be connected to the end of the flexible tube 9 facing the opening 11 of the tube body 1, thereby improving the connection strength between the flexible tube 9, the connector 3, and the tube body 1. The connection method between the fastener 2 and the flexible tube 9 is not limited; for example, both the fastener 2 and the flexible tube 9 can be made of elastic material and integrally formed. No further restrictions are imposed here.

[0058] See Figure 4 This application also provides a sand-spreading device, including the sand-spreading pipe 10 in any of the above embodiments. By employing the sand-spreading pipe 10, the sand-spreading device can achieve a more efficient and reliable sand-spreading function, reduce the risk of foreign objects entering the sand-spreading device, reduce maintenance costs, and improve the overall performance of the sand-spreading device.

[0059] In some embodiments, continue reading Figure 4 The sand spreading device also includes a sand box 20, a connecting pipe 30, a control valve 40, and an air supply component 50. The sand box 20 is used to store sand 8. The connecting pipe 30 connects the sand box 20 and the sand spreading pipe 10. The sand 8 in the sand box 20 can enter the pipe body 1 of the sand spreading pipe 10 through the connecting pipe 30, and then flow out through the pipe opening 11 of the sand spreading pipe 10 to the space between the locomotive wheels 60 and the track 70 for anti-slip purposes.

[0060] Control valve 40 is located on connecting pipe 30. Air supply component 50 is connected to control valve 40 and supplies air to control valve 40 to open and close it. Control valve 40 is a pneumatically controlled valve, controlled by air supply component 50. If air supply component 50 supplies air, control valve 40 opens, and sand 8 flows from sand box 20 to sand spreading pipe 10, and then flows out from pipe opening 11 of sand spreading pipe 10 to the space between locomotive wheels 60 and track 70. If air supply component 50 stops supplying air, control valve 40 closes, and sand 8 no longer flows out.

[0061] This automated control design makes the operation of the sand spreading device more convenient. By controlling the gas supply, the flow of sand 8 is controlled, achieving precise and convenient control over whether or not to spread sand, thus improving the quality and efficiency of sand spreading operations.

[0062] In this embodiment, the air supply component 50 includes, but is not limited to, a compressed air machine, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0063] In some embodiments, the sand-spreading device further includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel connects the air supply component 50 and the control valve 40, and is used to supply air to the control valve 40 to control its opening and closing. The second gas channel connects the air supply component 50 and the connecting pipe 30, and allows air to pass through the connecting pipe 30 towards the pipe body 1. It is understood that the air supply component 50 is not only used to control the opening and closing of the control valve 40, but also to blow the sand 8 down, and to purge the inside of the pipe body 1 when necessary to prevent the sand 8 from clogging, further improving the reliability and ease of maintenance of the sand-spreading device.

[0064] When supplying air, one gas supply path is used to control the opening of the control valve 40. After the control valve 40 is opened, the other gas supply path can be used to propel the sand material 8 downwards. This reuse of the air supply component 50 is ingeniously designed, improving the overall performance of the sand spreading device and increasing the utilization rate of the gas supplied by the air supply component 50.

[0065] This application also provides a locomotive, including the sand-spreading device from any of the above embodiments, see below. Figure 5The sand spreading pipe 10 of the sand spreading device extends in a direction that is inclined to the direction of gravity. This inclined design facilitates the flow of sand 8 within the pipe body 1, utilizes gravity to assist in the discharge of sand 8, reduces energy consumption, and improves the coverage and uniformity of sand spreading. It is particularly suitable for the sand spreading needs of locomotives under various complex road conditions, enhances the traction and braking performance of locomotives, and improves driving safety and reliability.

[0066] Meanwhile, this inclined design, combined with the slanted pipe opening 11, helps the cover plate to accurately cover the pipe opening 11 under the action of gravity when sand discharge stops. This improves the stability of the covering of the sand-spreading pipe 10 opening 11, enhances the sealing performance of the sand-spreading pipe 10, reduces the risk of foreign objects entering the pipe, and ensures the cleanliness and unobstructed flow of the sand-spreading pipe 10 when it is not in operation, thus preparing it for the next sand-spreading operation.

[0067] The sand-spreading pipe 10 and locomotive of this application, when sand spreading is needed, have the cover plate in a non-working position, so that it does not cover or block the pipe opening 11, thus enabling smooth sand spreading. When sand spreading is not needed, the cover plate is in the working position, covering or blocking the pipe opening 11, preventing external foreign objects from entering the pipe body 1 and blocking the sand-spreading pipe 10. This effectively prevents foreign objects from blocking the sand-spreading pipe 10, making it difficult for foreign objects to enter the sand-spreading device, reducing the risk of blockage, and thus significantly improving the reliability and maintenance convenience of the sand-spreading pipe 10, reducing downtime caused by foreign object blockage, and thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the locomotive.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sand-spreading pipe, characterized in that, The sand-spraying pipe includes: A pipe body having an opening from which sand flows out; and A cover plate and a connector, the connector being connected between the pipe body and the cover plate, the cover plate being configured to cover the pipe body and plug the pipe opening; The sand-spreading pipe is configured to switch between an open state and a closed state. When the sand-spreading pipe is in the open state, the cover plate is in a non-working position; when the sand-spreading pipe is in the closed state, the cover plate is in the working position, covering the pipe body and blocking the pipe opening.

2. The sand-spreading pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector is attached to one end of the pipe body, located on the side of the pipe body facing away from the ground along the direction of gravity.

3. The sand-spreading pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that, Define a cut surface, wherein the cut surface intersects the tube body at the tube opening, and the cut surface is inclined to the extension direction of the tube body; The cut surface is at a preset angle to the extension direction of the tube body, and the preset angle α satisfies: 45°≤α≤60°.

4. The sand-spreading pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate includes a main body and an extension part. The extension part is located at one end of the main body facing the pipe. When the sand-spraying pipe is in the closed state, the extension part extends into the pipe and plugs the pipe. The main body is plugged at the pipe opening.

5. The sand-spreading pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-spreading pipe also includes a flexible pipe and a binding member. The flexible pipe is located at the end of the pipe body away from the pipe opening, and the binding member is located on the flexible pipe to bind the flexible pipe.

6. The sand-spreading pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the connector away from the cover plate is connected to the flexible tube.

7. A sand-spreading device, characterized in that, Including the sand-spreading pipe as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The sand-spreading device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sand spreading device also includes a sand box, a connecting pipe, a control valve, and an air supply component. The sand box is used to store sand. The connecting pipe is connected between the sand box and the sand spreading pipe. The control valve is located on the connecting pipe. The air supply component is connected to the control valve and is used to supply air to the control valve to control the opening and closing of the control valve.

9. The sand-spreading device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sand-spreading device further includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected between the gas supply component and the control valve and is used to supply gas to the control valve to control the opening and closing of the control valve. The second gas channel is connected between the gas supply component and the connecting pipe and is capable of allowing gas to flow through the connecting pipe in the direction toward the pipe body.

10. A locomotive, characterized in that, Includes the sand-spreading device as described in any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the extension direction of the sand-spreading pipe of the sand-spreading device is inclined to the direction of gravity.

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