Surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle convenient to carry surveying and mapping equipment

Abstract

The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle body, a lightning protection module is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle body, an induction antenna is fixedly arranged at one end of the bottom of the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the bottom end of the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle body is fixedly connected with a connecting frame. According to the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle facilitating surveying and mapping equipment carrying, when the protective side plates are unfolded, transverse shielding is formed around the protective top plate, and when the protective side plates are folded, an open space at the bottom end is reserved; continuous surveying and mapping operation in severe weather is achieved, a bottom end airflow buffer layer can be formed while the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle is assisted to fly in cooperation with an active motor and fan blades, fuselage tremor caused by strong wind is reduced, camera jitter errors are controlled, the stability of image overlapping degree is guaranteed, and the precision of surveying and mapping results is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering surveying and mapping technology, specifically to a surveying drone that is convenient for surveying equipment to carry. Background Technology

[0002] When conducting engineering surveying, surveyors often use drones for aerial photography to assist in the surveying process. Drones are characterized by their maneuverability, high efficiency and speed, precision and accuracy, low operating costs, wide applicability, and short production cycle. During surveying, they can take pictures in relatively complex and dangerous environments, thereby assisting surveyors in measuring the construction terrain. Compared with traditional manual surveying or manned aerial surveying, drones can quickly cover large areas, with a daily operating range of up to tens of square kilometers, and can enter dangerous areas that are difficult for personnel to reach, greatly reducing labor and time costs.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent document disclosing an aerial surveying drone (publication number: CN221679003U), comprising a shell with several mounting slots evenly distributed at the top. Connecting rods are movably engaged within these slots, and mounting frames are fixedly connected to the tops of the connecting rods. Several connecting brackets are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the mounting frames. The mounting frames are secured to the top surface of the shell via the interaction of fixing bolts and the mounting brackets. The mounting frames and protective rings protect the top surface of the aerial surveying drone and its blade assembly, thus mitigating the risk of flight malfunctions caused by contact with rock spikes while flying in caves. Furthermore, the mounting frames can be detached from the top of the shell, reducing the drone's weight and extending its flight time. However, several shortcomings remain.

[0004] This type of aerial surveying drone has certain limitations in terms of protection. The protective ring and mounting frame only protect the top surface and fan blade components, while the sides and bottom lack effective protection. In complex terrains such as caves, the sides are easily damaged by collisions, and the surveying equipment on the bottom is not specially protected, making it susceptible to falling objects or low-altitude obstacles. Furthermore, it lacks protection design for severe weather, and the lighting and camera components are easily damaged. There are no lightning protection measures, posing a safety hazard in thunderstorms. The camera components can only rotate within the mounting slot at one end of the shell, resulting in a narrow surveying angle range, which is difficult to meet the multi-angle surveying needs in complex scenarios. It also lacks effective flight stabilization measures, relying solely on support feet and landing gear. In complex airflow environments or when flying at low altitudes, it is prone to flight instability due to airflow disturbances, affecting surveying accuracy. It may also be unable to return in time due to severe weather, increasing surveying costs and limiting its applicability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a surveying drone that is convenient for mounting on surveying equipment, in order to solve the limitations of existing aerial surveying drones mentioned in the background art in terms of protection. The protective ring and mounting frame only protect the top surface and fan blade components, and the sides and bottom surfaces lack effective protection. In complex terrains such as caves, the sides are easily damaged by collisions, and the surveying equipment on the bottom surface is not specially protected, making it susceptible to falling objects or low-altitude obstacles. Furthermore, there is no protection design for severe weather, and the lighting components and camera components are easily damaged. There are no lightning protection measures, posing a safety hazard in thunderstorms. Moreover, the camera components can only rotate in the mounting slot at one end of the shell, resulting in a narrow surveying angle range, which is difficult to meet the multi-angle surveying needs in complex scenarios. There is also a lack of effective flight stabilization measures, relying only on support feet and landing gear. In complex airflow environments or low-altitude flight, the drone is prone to flight instability due to airflow disturbances, affecting surveying accuracy. It may also be unable to return in time due to severe weather, increasing surveying costs and limiting its applicability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a surveying drone that is convenient to mount on surveying equipment, comprising a surveying drone body, a lightning protection module fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the surveying drone body, a sensing antenna fixedly installed at one end of the bottom of the surveying drone body, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the surveying drone body, a protective structure fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, a control structure at the top of the protective structure, and a surveying structure inside the protective structure; the lightning protection module can reduce the risk of the drone being struck by lightning in complex weather such as thunderstorms, ensuring equipment safety and operational continuity; the sensing antenna can perceive the external environment in real time, providing a trigger basis for subsequent protective actions, improving the equipment's adaptability to the environment; the integration of the protective structure, control structure, and surveying structure realizes a closed loop of environmental perception – dynamic protection – accurate surveying, allowing the drone to efficiently complete surveying tasks while possessing the ability to cope with harsh environments, taking into account equipment safety, environmental adaptability, and surveying professionalism.

[0007] Preferably, the protective structure includes a protective top plate, with protective side plates on both sides of both ends of the protective top plate. Folding rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the four protective side plates, and the top of each folding rod is fixedly connected to one end of the control structure. The protective top plate provides basic support for the surveying structure. The foldable protective side plates are linked with the control structure through the folding rods to achieve flexible switching between "unfolding to form a cross-shaped canopy for protection" and "retracting to reduce space occupation". This provides targeted protection for surveying equipment in complex environments and reduces wind resistance during routine operations, balancing protection and ease of operation.

[0008] Preferably, an active motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner surface of each of the four protective side plates. A small fan blade is fixedly connected to the end of the active motor away from the protective side plate. Support casters are fixedly connected to one side of two of the protective side plates. The active motor drives the small fan blade to rotate, which can form an airflow barrier when the protective side plates are unfolded, offsetting some of the wind and rain impact to enhance flight stability. At the same time, it reduces the direct interference of external debris to the surveying equipment. The support casters can provide cushioning and support when the UAV makes an emergency landing or moves on the ground, reducing the risk of equipment collision.

[0009] Preferably, the control structure includes several evenly distributed bidirectional synchronous air pumps, wherein the bottom ends of two of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the protective top plate, and the bottom ends of the other two bidirectional synchronous air pumps are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of two of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps. The output ends on both sides of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps are fixedly connected to one side of two folding rods. The coordinated operation of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps ensures that the folding rods drive the protective side plates to unfold or retract synchronously, avoiding the imbalance of the fuselage caused by uneven structural stress, improving the accuracy and reliability of the protective structure's movement. The multi-level air pump layout enhances the redundancy of power output and ensures the stable triggering of the protective function in harsh environments.

[0010] Preferably, the surveying structure includes a top fixing block, the top of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the protective top plate. A first active rod is rotatably connected to one side of the top fixing block, and a first servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first active rod. A first protective chamber is provided on the outside of the first servo motor, and a transmission arm is fixedly connected to the surface of the first active rod. The first servo motor drives the first active rod to drive the transmission arm to rotate flexibly. Combined with the stable support of the top fixing block, it provides a multi-dimensional angle adjustment basis for the surveying equipment, which can adapt to the shooting needs of different surveying scenarios and improve the flexibility and coverage of data acquisition.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the transmission arm away from the first drive rod is provided with a second drive rod. A second servo motor is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive rod. A second protective compartment is provided on the outside of the second servo motor. A bottom mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the surface of the second drive rod. A surveying camera is engaged with one end of the bottom mounting bracket. A power module is fixedly installed at one end of the surveying camera. The second servo motor drives the second drive rod to further expand the range of motion of the surveying camera. With the engaging connection design of the bottom mounting bracket, it can not only achieve precise angle control of the camera to obtain high-definition surveying data, but also facilitate quick replacement of surveying equipment of different specifications, taking into account both operational accuracy and equipment compatibility. The independent power module ensures stable power supply to the surveying equipment and avoids the impact of main power fluctuations on data acquisition.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] The protective side panels of this surveying drone unfold into a cross-shaped canopy, forming a horizontal shield around the top panel. This not only protects against interference from wind and rain at the top but also retains open space at the bottom, ensuring that the surveying camera and robotic arm structure can move freely. This avoids the limitation of the shooting field of view imposed by traditional enclosed protection, enabling continuous surveying operations even in adverse weather conditions. The cross-shaped canopy can also work with the active motor and fan blades to form a bottom airflow buffer layer while assisting the flight of the surveying drone. This reduces the vibration of the fuselage caused by strong winds, controls camera shake errors, ensures stable image overlap, and effectively improves the accuracy of surveying results.

[0014] When this type of surveying drone retracts its protective side panels to form a surrounding space, it can block strong side light during low-altitude surveying, reduce lens glare, and make details such as building textures clearer. It can also block ultraviolet rays during high-altitude operations, extending the equipment's lifespan. At the same time, it can prevent foreign objects such as birds and fallen leaves from hitting the lens. In addition, the always-open bottom design does not affect the quick replacement of surveying equipment, ensuring seamless connection between different tasks such as image acquisition and 3D point cloud scanning, and enhancing the adaptability of surveying in multiple scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surveying drone of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective structure and the surveying structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the UAV of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the surveying structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a side view of the surveying structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the surveying drone; 2. Lightning protection module; 3. Sensor antenna; 4. Connecting frame; 5. Protective top plate; 6. Protective side plate; 7. Folding rod; 8. Active motor; 9. Small fan blade; 10. Support casters; 11. Two-way synchronous air pump; 12. Top fixing block; 13. First active rod; 14. First servo motor; 15. Transmission arm; 16. Second active rod; 17. Second servo motor; 18. Bottom mounting bracket; 19. Surveying camera; 20. Power module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-6 This utility model provides a surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment, including a surveying drone body 1, a lightning protection module 2 fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the surveying drone body 1, a sensing antenna 3 fixedly installed at one end of the bottom of the surveying drone body 1, a connecting frame 4 fixedly connected to the bottom of the surveying drone body 1, a protective structure fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 4, a control structure at the top of the protective structure, and a surveying structure inside the protective structure.

[0024] When in use, the main body 1 of the surveying drone serves as the core carrier, the lightning protection module 2 can reduce the probability of lightning strikes in thunderstorms and ensure the safety of the equipment, the bottom sensing antenna 3 monitors environmental parameters such as wind speed, rainfall, and distance to obstacles in real time, and transmits the data to the control system as the basis for adjustment. At the same time, it can monitor geographical data under different weather conditions, and the connecting frame 4 securely connects to the protective structure, providing stable support for subsequent protection, control and surveying operations.

[0025] Furthermore, the protective structure includes a protective top plate 5, and protective side plates 6 are provided on both sides of both ends of the protective top plate 5. Folding rods 7 are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the four protective side plates 6, and the top of the folding rods 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the control structure.

[0026] When in use, the protective top plate 5 provides basic protection for the surveying structure below. The four protective side plates 6 are linked to the control structure through the folding rods 7 on both sides. When the sensor 3 detects severe weather, the protective side plates 6 can be unfolded under the drive of the control structure to form a cross-shaped canopy to resist wind and rain. After the environment returns to stability, the protective side plates 6 are retracted to the sides of the machine body, reducing wind resistance and forming a closed protective space without affecting the surveying operation.

[0027] Furthermore, an active motor 8 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner surface of each of the four protective side plates 6. A small fan blade 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the active motor 8 away from the protective side plate 6. Support casters 10 are fixedly connected to one side of each of the two protective side plates 6.

[0028] When in use, when the protective side panel 6 unfolds to form a cross-shaped canopy, the active motor 8 on its inner surface starts synchronously, driving the small fan blades 9 to rotate. The four sets of small fan blades 9 generate synergistic lift in a symmetrical layout, which can effectively offset the lateral impact of wind and rain on the fuselage and improve the flight stability of the drone. The support casters 10 on one side of the two protective side panels 6 can play a buffering role when the drone moves on the ground or makes an emergency landing, preventing parts from being damaged by collisions.

[0029] Furthermore, the control structure includes several evenly distributed bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11, wherein the bottom ends of two bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the protective top plate 5, and the bottom ends of the other two bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of two bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11, and the output ends of the two sides of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11 are fixedly connected to one side of the two folding rods 7.

[0030] In use, several bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11 form a stable power output unit through a multi-level layout. When the signal of the sensing antenna 3 is received, the bidirectional synchronous air pumps 11 drive the folding rod 7 through the output ends on both sides to precisely control the unfolding angle and retraction action of the protective side plate 6, ensuring the synchronicity and stability of the protective structure's actions and adapting to the protective needs in different environments.

[0031] Furthermore, the surveying structure includes a top fixing block 12, the top of the top fixing block 12 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the protective top plate 5, a first active rod 13 is rotatably connected to one side of the top fixing block 12, a first servo motor 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the first active rod 13, a first protective chamber is provided on the outside of the first servo motor 14, and a transmission arm 15 is fixedly connected to the surface of the first active rod 13.

[0032] When in use, the top fixing block 12 provides stable support for the overall surveying component. The first servo motor 14 drives the first active rod 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission arm 15 to achieve horizontal rotation adjustment, providing a flexible horizontal angle adjustment basis for the surveying equipment and ensuring that it can cover surveying areas in different horizontal directions.

[0033] Furthermore, a second drive rod 16 is provided at the end of the transmission arm 15 away from the first drive rod 13. A second servo motor 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive rod 16. A second protective compartment is provided on the outside of the second servo motor 17. A bottom mounting bracket 18 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second drive rod 16. A surveying camera 19 is snapped into one end inside the bottom mounting bracket 18. A power module 20 is fixedly provided at one end of the surveying camera 19.

[0034] In use, the second servo motor 17 drives the second active rod 16 to rotate, enabling the bottom mounting bracket 18 and the surveying camera 19 to complete the vertical pitch movement. This, combined with the horizontal rotation of the first active rod 13, achieves all-around, blind-spot-free shooting. The snap-fit ​​design of the bottom mounting bracket 18 allows for the replacement of surveying cameras 19 of different specifications to adapt to diverse surveying needs. The power module 20 at one end of the surveying camera 19 provides independent power supply, avoiding the impact of main circuit fluctuations on shooting stability and ensuring the accuracy of surveying data.

[0035] In this embodiment, the mapping drone body 1 serves as the core carrier. The lightning protection module 2 reduces the probability of lightning strikes in thunderstorms, ensuring equipment safety. The sensing antenna 3 monitors environmental parameters such as wind speed, rainfall, and obstacle distance in real time, transmitting the data to the control system for adjustment. It can also monitor geographical data under different weather conditions. When the sensing antenna 3 detects severe weather, the bidirectional synchronous air pump 11 drives the folding rod 7 to unfold the protective side plate 6, forming a cross-shaped canopy. At this time, the active motor 8 simultaneously starts the small wind blades 9. The four sets of small wind blades 9, arranged symmetrically, generate synergistic lift to counteract the lateral impact of wind and rain on the fuselage, enabling the mapping drone body 1 to maintain a stable hovering posture even in strong winds. If the environment returns to stability, the bidirectional synchronous air pump 11 drives the protective side plate 6 to retract to the four sides of the fuselage. The system forms a closed protective cabin. At this time, the bottom is open and does not affect the surveying equipment. The support casters 10 buffer vibrations when moving on the ground or landing in an emergency to prevent parts from bumping. The top fixing block 12 provides stable support for the entire surveying component. The first servo motor 14 drives the first active rod 13 to drive the transmission arm 15 to rotate, realizing horizontal rotation adjustment. The second servo motor 17 drives the second active rod 16 to operate, so that the bottom mounting bracket 18 and the surveying camera 19 can complete the vertical pitch movement. The combination of the two achieves all-round shooting. The snap-fit ​​design of the bottom mounting bracket 18 allows for quick replacement of surveying cameras 19 of different specifications. The power module 20 provides independent power supply to avoid the main circuit fluctuation affecting the shooting stability and ensures continuous output of high-precision surveying data under complex terrain and weather conditions.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment, comprising a surveying drone body (1), characterized in that: A lightning protection module (2) is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the main body (1) of the surveying drone. A sensor antenna (3) is fixedly installed at one end of the bottom of the main body (1). A connecting frame (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body (1). A protective structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (4). A control structure is provided at the top of the protective structure. A surveying structure is provided inside the protective structure.

2. The surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective structure includes a protective top plate (5), and protective side plates (6) are provided on both sides of both ends of the protective top plate (5). Folding rods (7) are fixedly connected to both sides of the surface of the four protective side plates (6). The top end of the folding rods (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the control structure.

3. A surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: An active motor (8) is fixedly installed in the middle of the inner surface of each of the four protective side plates (6). A small fan blade (9) is fixedly connected to one end of the active motor (8) away from the protective side plate (6). Support casters (10) are fixedly connected to one side of each of the two protective side plates (6).

4. A surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control structure includes several evenly distributed bidirectional synchronous air pumps (11), wherein the bottom ends of two bidirectional synchronous air pumps (11) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the protective top plate (5), and the bottom ends of the other two bidirectional synchronous air pumps (11) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of two bidirectional synchronous air pumps (11), and the output ends of the two sides of the bidirectional synchronous air pumps (11) are fixedly connected to one side of two folding rods (7).

5. A surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surveying structure includes a top fixing block (12), the top of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the protective top plate (5). A first active rod (13) is rotatably connected to one side of the top fixing block (12). A first servo motor (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the first active rod (13). A first protective chamber is provided on the outside of the first servo motor (14). A transmission arm (15) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first active rod (13).

6. A surveying drone that is convenient to be mounted on surveying equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission arm (15) has a second drive rod (16) at one end away from the first drive rod (13). A second servo motor (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive rod (16). A second protective compartment is provided on the outside of the second servo motor (17). A bottom mounting bracket (18) is fixedly connected to the surface of the second drive rod (16). A surveying camera (19) is engaged with one end inside the bottom mounting bracket (18). A power module (20) is fixedly installed at one end of the surveying camera (19).

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