Unmanned aerial vehicle for surveying and cruising

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for investigation and cruise, which comprises a main vehicle body, a core carrying platform is arranged at the bottom of the main vehicle body, and a sliding guide column extends downwards from the bottom of the main vehicle body; the carrying plate is arranged on the sliding guide columns in a lifting sliding and sleeving mode and located below the core carrying platform, a containing space is formed between the carrying plate and the core carrying platform, the carrying plate is used for bearing the working module, and after the carrying plate ascends and slides, the containing space is reduced so as to drive the working module to be close to the main machine body. By means of the technical scheme, the technical problem that in the prior art, under the condition that the appearance specification and the interface standard of an unmanned aerial vehicle operation module are not unified, rapid assembly of the module and adaptive adjustment of the gravity center of the device are difficult to meet well is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, specifically to a reconnaissance and patrol UAV. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) used for surveying and patrols undertake core operational tasks in fields such as geological exploration, ecological monitoring, and disaster emergency response. Their functionality relies heavily on differentiated working modules such as lidar, infrared thermal imagers, and multispectral cameras. Due to significant differences in the size, interface, and detection requirements of each module, and the need for some sensors to be exposed to avoid signal obstruction, current technologies generally employ customized rigid shells for module mounting.

[0003] However, this approach has many drawbacks. Firstly, the lack of a unified standard for different modules necessitates the design of a dedicated housing for each module, leading to issues like misaligned mounting holes and uneven clamping force during on-site module replacement. This not only results in lengthy replacement times but also frequent disassembly and assembly that can cause sealing failure, impacting operational flexibility. Secondly, to meet the exploration space requirements of exposed modules, the housing must maintain a certain height difference from the fuselage / wings. This bulge significantly increases aerodynamic drag, shortening the drone's range. Furthermore, the combined weight of the module and housing can cause a vertical shift in the drone's center of gravity, leading to stability issues such as pitch oscillations and roll response delays, and even overloading the flight control system. Moreover, the existing rigid housing's fixed structure cannot dynamically adjust the mounting position based on module weight and size, making it difficult to optimize the center of gravity through mechanical structure alone. It relies solely on high-frequency compensation via flight control algorithms, further exacerbating energy consumption and control complexity.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve rapid adaptation and installation of modules of different sizes, and how to make the center of gravity automatically approach the center of gravity of the aircraft after installation through structural design, has become a key technical challenge to improve the operational efficiency and flight stability of reconnaissance drones. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this utility model provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, used to carry a working module for reconnaissance; including:

[0006] The main body has a core mounting platform at its bottom and a sliding guide post extending downward from the bottom of the main body.

[0007] The mounting plate is slidably mounted on the sliding guide post and located below the core mounting platform. A receiving space is formed between the mounting plate and the core mounting platform. The mounting plate is used to support the working module, and the mounting plate is configured to slide upward and reduce the receiving space so as to drive the working module closer to the main body.

[0008] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein the sliding guide posts are in several groups and arranged circumferentially at the bottom of the main body, and the mounting plate and the several sliding guide posts are in sliding engagement.

[0009] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, which further includes:

[0010] A swing stop bar is provided at the bottom of the main body. A strip-shaped guide groove is provided along the length of the swing stop bar. A sliding part is provided on the mounting plate. The sliding part is slidably disposed in the strip-shaped guide groove. The mounting plate can rise and slide to drive the swing stop bar to swing through the sliding part, thereby reducing the angle between the swing stop bar and the main body and blocking the swing stop bar on one side of the receiving space.

[0011] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein there are a plurality of swing bars, two of the swing bars form a group, and a group of the swing bars are respectively provided on opposite sides of the accommodating space, each group of the swing bars swinging in opposite directions, and moving closer or further away from each other after swinging;

[0012] In this configuration, a passage is formed between the swing bars in each group to provide a way for the working module to be placed into the receiving space. When two swing bars swing closer or further apart, they block or open the passage accordingly.

[0013] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein the accommodating space is a rectangular space, and two sets of the swing baffles are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the accommodating space, and further includes:

[0014] The side pressing assembly consists of two sets, symmetrically arranged on the other two sides of the accommodating space. The two ends of the side pressing assembly are respectively arranged on the core mounting platform. A pressing plate is arranged on the side of the side pressing assembly. The pressing plate is driven by the side pressing assembly to move in a direction toward or away from the interior of the accommodating space, and is used to abut or cancel the abutment of the working module from the opposite side.

[0015] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein the side-pressure assembly includes:

[0016] The first link has one end hinged to the bottom of the core mounting platform and the other end hinged to a push housing, and the top pressure plate is slidably disposed on the push housing;

[0017] The second link has one end hinged to the mounting plate and the other end hinged to the push housing. The first link and the second link are symmetrically arranged about the push housing. After the mounting plate slides upward, it can drive the push housing to move into the receiving space through the first link and the second link. After the mounting plate slides downward, it can drive the push housing to move away from the receiving space.

[0018] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein the push-up housing has a guide groove with an opening facing the center of the receiving space, the top pressure plate has a sliding rod portion, the sliding rod portion is slidably disposed in the guide groove, and an elastic member is provided between the bottom wall of the guide groove and the sliding rod portion, wherein one end of the elastic member acts on the bottom wall of the guide groove and the other end acts on the sliding rod portion, for elastically pushing the sliding rod portion to provide a force that moves the sliding rod portion away from the bottom wall of the guide groove.

[0019] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, which further includes:

[0020] A bottom support limiting plate is fixed to the bottom end of several sliding guide posts, and the bottom support limiting plate is located below the mounting plate. After the mounting plate slides down, it abuts against the bottom support limiting plate.

[0021] A hollow monitoring cylinder is provided at the bottom center of the mounting plate. The hollow monitoring cylinder passes through the bottom support limiting plate. A drive ring is rotatably provided on the bottom surface of the bottom support limiting plate. The drive ring is sleeved on the hollow monitoring cylinder. The inner wall of the drive ring is threadedly engaged with the outer wall of the hollow monitoring cylinder.

[0022] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, in which a footrest is provided at the bottom of the base limiting plate via a support rod.

[0023] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a reconnaissance and patrol drone, wherein the support rod is a telescopic rod, the tripod is fixed to the hollow monitoring cylinder, and the hollow monitoring cylinder is driven to rise and slide by the mounting plate, which in turn drives the tripod to rise and move synchronously.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0025] In this invention, the sliding guide post and the mounting plate move in a sliding, lifting motion, allowing adjustment of their relative position to the bottom of the main body according to the type and requirements of the working module. When the working module rises with the mounting plate closer to the main body, its outer contour smoothly transitions with the bottom of the main body, effectively reducing aerodynamic drag caused by the protruding structure during flight and improving the drone's endurance. Simultaneously, the upward shift of the module significantly improves the vertical shift of the overall center of gravity, noticeably reducing pitch oscillations and roll control delays during flight, and enhancing flight stability under complex conditions. The contact structure between the mounting plate and the lower surface of the core mounting platform ensures the protective performance of the storage space under different operating environments. The pre-set positioning structure and the guiding effect of the sliding guide post enable precise docking and rapid replacement of working modules of different shapes and sizes without the need for a dedicated housing, significantly improving module replacement efficiency and reducing design and manufacturing costs for drone manufacturers. The universal mounting structure is compatible with multiple mainstream working modules, significantly enhancing the drone's adaptability to diverse operational needs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reconnaissance and patrol drone in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram from another perspective in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional internal structural diagram of the side-top pressure assembly in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram from another perspective in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partially enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0033] In the diagram: Main body-1, core mounting platform-2, sliding guide post-101, mounting plate-3, accommodating space-301, swing stop bar-4, strip guide groove-401, sliding part-302, through port-402, side top pressure assembly-5, top pressure plate-6, first connecting rod-7, top push housing-8, second connecting rod-9, guide groove-801, sliding rod part-601, elastic element-10, bottom support limiting plate-11, hollow monitoring cylinder-12, drive ring-13, support rod-14, foot bracket-15. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit its scope.

[0035] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the utility model are shown schematically in each drawing; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "a" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0036] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0039] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] like Figures 1-6 As shown, it illustrates a reconnaissance and patrol drone according to one embodiment of the present invention, used to carry a working module for reconnaissance.

[0041] The core mounting platform 2 at the bottom of the main body 1 is horizontally positioned, forming an independent and stable load-bearing space for fixing and installing components requiring embedded protection, such as battery packs and control circuit boards. At least two sliding guide posts 101 extend vertically downwards from the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2. These sliding guide posts 101 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the core mounting platform 2 and rigidly connected to the structural frame of the load-bearing cavity to ensure overall support strength. The mounting plate 3 is a flat plate structure with sliding through holes corresponding to the number of sliding guide posts 101. Linear bearings are installed in each sliding through hole, allowing the mounting plate 3 to slide up and down along the axial direction of the sliding guide posts 101 through the linear bearings. The mounting plate 3 is located directly below the core mounting platform 2, forming an accommodating space 301 enclosed by the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2, the outer walls of the sliding guide posts 101, and the upper surface of the mounting plate 3. The working module is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 3, and its outline is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the accommodating space 301. The bearing cavity of the core mounting platform 2 is provided with positioning slots and elastic buffers to limit and fix embedded components such as battery packs, forming a protective space independent of the external working module.

[0042] When the working module needs to be installed, the mounting plate 3 slides downward along the sliding guide post 101, expanding the accommodating space 301 so that the working module can be placed on the mounting plate 3 and positioned by the preset positioning structure. Then, the mounting plate 3 slides upward, causing the working module to rise synchronously, and the accommodating space 301 gradually shrinks until the top of the working module abuts or approaches the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2, so that the outer contour of the working module forms a smooth transition with the bottom shape of the main body 1. The lower surface edge of the core mounting platform 2 is provided with a sealing strip. When the mounting plate 3 rises to the highest position, the sealing strip contacts the top edge of the working module, forming a sealing structure for the accommodating space 301, preventing external dust and moisture from entering and affecting the operation of the module.

[0043] Depending on the type and requirements of the working module, the height of the mounting plate 3 can be adjusted: for modules that do not need to be exposed, the mounting plate 3 rises to its highest position, so that the working module is completely embedded in the receiving space 301 and flush with the bottom contour of the main body 1; for sensor modules that need to be exposed, the mounting plate 3 rises to a set height, so that the sensing end of the module is exposed in the receiving space 301, while the main body of the module remains within the receiving space 301, thereby reducing the height of the exposed part. The battery pack inside the core mounting platform 2 is electrically connected to the working module on the mounting plate 3 via wires passing through the wiring holes inside the sliding guide post 101. A rotary joint is provided at the wiring holes to prevent the wires from getting tangled when the mounting plate 3 is raised or lowered.

[0044] The enclosed housing within the core platform 2 provides an independent protective space for embedded components such as the battery pack and control circuit board. Through the cooperation of positioning slots and elastic buffers, it effectively isolates external environmental interference and absorbs vibration shocks, significantly improving the operational reliability and lifespan of the core components. The separate design of the housing and the external accommodating space 301 ensures that the installation and maintenance of embedded components and the replacement of external working modules are independent, avoiding the problem of mutual interference between the two types of components in traditional integrated housings.

[0045] The sliding guide post 101 and the mounting plate 3 are raised and lowered in a sliding cooperation, which can adjust the relative position of the working module with the bottom of the main body 1 according to the type and requirements of the working module: when the working module rises with the mounting plate 3 and approaches the main body 1, its outer contour forms a smooth transition with the bottom of the main body 1, which effectively reduces the aerodynamic drag caused by the protruding structure during flight and improves the endurance of the UAV; at the same time, the upward movement of the module position significantly improves the vertical offset of the center of gravity of the whole machine, significantly reduces pitch oscillation and roll control delay during flight, and enhances flight stability under complex working conditions.

[0046] The mating structure between the mounting plate 3 and the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2 ensures the protective performance of the storage space 301 under different operating environments. The pre-designed positioning structure and the guiding function of the sliding guide post 101 allow for precise docking and rapid replacement of working modules of different shapes and sizes without the need for dedicated housings, significantly improving module replacement efficiency and reducing design and manufacturing costs for drone manufacturers. The universal mounting structure is compatible with multiple mainstream working modules, significantly enhancing the drone's adaptability to diverse operational needs.

[0047] In some examples, the sliding guide pillars 101 are configured in at least two sets, arranged in a circular array with the bottom center of the main body 1 as the center. The axis of each set of sliding guide pillars 101 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2 and is equidistant from the central axis of symmetry of the main body 1. The top end of each set of sliding guide pillars 101 is rigidly connected to the edge area of ​​the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2, and the bottom end extends to a predetermined position below the mounting plate 3. The edge area of ​​the mounting plate 3 has sliding through holes corresponding to the number of sliding guide pillars 101. The linear bearings in each through hole form a clearance fit with the outer circular surface of the sliding guide pillar 101, so that the mounting plate 3 can maintain horizontal movement under the guidance of multiple sets of sliding guide pillars 101.

[0048] In some examples, a swing stop bar 4 is hinged to the bottom edge of the main body 1 via a pin, and its swing axis is parallel to the transverse axis of symmetry of the core mounting platform 2. A strip-shaped guide groove 401 is formed on the inner surface of the swing stop bar 4 along its length direction, and the extension direction of the guide groove 401 is consistent with the tangent direction of the swing trajectory of the swing stop bar 4. A sliding part 302 is vertically fixed at the edge of the mounting plate 3. The sliding part 302 is a columnar structure, and its axis is parallel to the swing axis of the swing stop bar 4. It is slidably embedded in the strip-shaped guide groove 401 to form a sliding connection pair. When the mounting plate 3 slides upward along the sliding guide post 101, the sliding part 302 moves upward synchronously in the strip-shaped guide groove 401. Due to the inclined guiding effect of the guide groove 401, its opening angle matches the swing center angle of the swing stop bar 4. The sliding part 302 pushes the swing stop bar 4 to swing around the pin axis towards the bottom of the main body 1, so that the initial angle between the swing stop bar 4 and the bottom surface of the main body 1, for example, initially 45°, gradually decreases to a preset angle, for example, 15°. At this time, the end of the swing baffle 4 extends to the outer edge of the receiving space 301, forming a shielding structure on one side of the receiving space 301. Its outer surface and the bottom contour of the main body 1 together form a smooth aerodynamic surface.

[0049] During the descent of the mounting plate 3, the sliding part 302 moves in the opposite direction along the guide groove 401, causing the swing baffle 4 to swing outward and reset to its initial angle, providing open space for the loading and unloading of the working module. For sensor modules that need to be partially exposed, the swing baffle 4 can provide lateral protection for the exposed area of ​​the module after swinging, reducing the direct impact of airflow on the module's sensing end during flight. For fully embedded modules, the contact state between the swing baffle 4 and the bottom surface of the main body 1 can further optimize the aerodynamic shape of the entire aircraft and reduce the drag increase caused by the protruding structure. The linkage swing structure between the swing baffle 4 and the mounting plate 3, through the cooperation of the sliding part 302 and the strip guide groove 401, transforms the vertical lifting and lowering motion of the mounting plate 3 into the angle adjustment of the swing baffle 4, realizing dynamic shielding of the outside of the accommodating space 301. As the working module rises with the mounting plate 3, the swing baffle 4 swings synchronously to reduce the angle between itself and the main body 1. Its outer surface forms a continuous curved surface with the bottom of the main body 1, effectively guiding the airflow through the module area and avoiding airflow separation and vortex loss caused by the protruding shell in the prior art, thus further optimizing the aerodynamic performance of the UAV.

[0050] In some examples, the swing baffles 4 are configured in at least two sets, each set comprising two strip structures symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the receiving space 301. The swing axes of both sets of swing baffles 4 are parallel to the transverse axis of symmetry of the core mounting platform 2, and are respectively hinged to the front and rear edge regions of the bottom of the main body 1 via pins. The strip guide grooves 401 of each set of swing baffles 4 are opened in opposite directions, that is, when the mounting plate 3 rises, the front swing baffle 4 swings counterclockwise around the pin, and the rear swing baffle 4 swings clockwise around the pin, with the free ends of both sets of swing baffles 4 moving synchronously toward the central axis of the receiving space 301; when the mounting plate 3 falls, the swing directions are opposite, and the free ends of both sets of swing baffles 4 swing away from the central axis.

[0051] In the initial state, the two sets of swing baffles 4 are spread out in a figure-eight shape, with the maximum distance between their free ends, forming a rectangular passageway 402. The size of the passageway 402 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the working module, constituting a vertical passage for the working module to enter and exit the receiving space 301. When the mounting plate 3 rises to its highest position, the free ends of the two sets of swing baffles 4 approach each other to a preset distance, for example, 5mm, and the passageway 402 is completely blocked. At this time, the outer surface of the swing baffles 4 forms a continuous streamlined curved surface with the bottom of the main body 1. The free ends of the swing baffles 4 are provided with elastic seals. When the passageway 402 is blocked, the elastic seals are squeezed and deformed, enhancing the sealing performance.

[0052] The opposing swing baffle 4 dynamically opens and closes the passage 402 by swinging in opposite directions. This provides an unobstructed passage during the module installation phase and forms a closed protective barrier during flight, resolving the contradiction between the ease of module loading and unloading and flight stability inherent in existing fixed-shell designs. The sealing structure of the passage 402 forms a continuous aerodynamic surface when the module is fully embedded, further reducing flight drag compared to single-sided blocking. When the module is partially exposed, the opening of the passage 402 can be adjusted according to actual needs, protecting the module while ensuring its normal operation.

[0053] In some examples, the accommodating space 301 has a rectangular cross-section, with its long side parallel to the transverse axis of symmetry of the core mounting platform 2. Two sets of swing baffles 4 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides, and side pressing components 5 are arranged on the left and right sides respectively. Each set of side pressing components 5 includes a first connecting rod 7, a second connecting rod 9, a push-pull housing 8, and a pressing plate 6: one end of the first connecting rod 7 is hinged to a fixed support on the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2 by a pin, and the other end is hinged to the upper part of the push-pull housing 8; one end of the second connecting rod 9 is hinged to the edge of the mounting plate 3 by a pin, and the other end is hinged to the lower part of the push-pull housing 8, forming a parallelogram linkage mechanism that is symmetrical about the push-pull housing 8. The inner wall of the push-up housing 8 has a guide groove 801 with an opening facing the center of the receiving space 301. The outer end of the pressure plate 6 is fixed with a sliding rod 601, which slides into the guide groove 801. An elastic element 10, such as a compression spring, is provided between the sliding rod 601 and the bottom wall of the guide groove 801. In its natural state, the elastic element 10 pushes the sliding rod 601 to move towards the opening of the guide groove 801, so that the inner abutment surface of the pressure plate 6 always has a preload force facing the center of the receiving space 301. When the mounting plate 3 slides upward along the sliding guide post 101, the second connecting rod 9 rises with the mounting plate 3 and rotates around the hinge point. Through the lower hinge point, it pulls the push-up housing 8 to move towards the center of the receiving space 301. At the same time, the first connecting rod 7 rotates around the fixed support on the core mounting platform 2 to ensure that the push-up housing 8 moves horizontally. During the movement of the push-up housing 8, the sliding rod 601 of the top pressure plate 6 slides within the guide groove 801, and the elastic element 10 is compressed to generate elastic force, pushing the inner abutment surface of the top pressure plate 6 to fit tightly against the side of the working module. Due to the buffering effect of the elastic element 10, the top pressure plate 6 can adapt to the dimensional deviation or shape contour of the module side, forming a flexible clamping force during contact.

[0054] When the mounting plate 3 descends, the second linkage 9 drives the push housing 8 to return to its original position outward. The pressure plate 6 moves with the push housing 8 and gradually moves away from the side of the module. The elastic element 10 returns to its original length, and the sliding rod 601 slides to its initial position in the guide groove 801, releasing the clamping state on the module. The linkage mechanism of the side pressure assembly 5 and the linkage structure of the strip guide groove 401 and sliding part 302 of the swing baffle 4 are orthogonally arranged in space. The front and rear swing baffles 4 achieve angle adjustment through the lifting and lowering of the mounting plate 3, and the left and right pressure assemblies 5 achieve horizontal movement of the pressure plate 6 through the linkage mechanism, together forming a dynamic constraint system on the four sides of the rectangular accommodating space 301. The contact surface of the pressure plate 6 is provided with anti-slip texture, which, together with the preload of the elastic element 10, can effectively suppress the lateral vibration and displacement of the module during flight.

[0055] The combination of the parallelogram linkage mechanism of the side-top pressure assembly 5 and the elastic element 10 transforms the vertical movement of the mounting plate 3 into the horizontal elastic clamping of the top pressure plate 6, achieving automatic fastening of the working module without the need for an additional power source. The symmetrical layout of the first link 7 and the second link 9 ensures smooth movement of the push-pull housing 8, preventing the top pressure plate 6 from tilting. Combined with the guiding effect of the guide groove 801 on the sliding rod 601, the top pressure plate 6 always maintains parallel contact with the side of the module, improving clamping uniformity. The adaptive preload provided by the elastic element 10 can compensate for dimensional tolerances of different modules, such as shape differences within ±5mm, significantly enhancing compatibility with non-standard shaped working modules. Compared to traditional rigid clamping structures, the elastic clamping method ensures connection reliability and absorbs vibration energy during UAV flight through elastic deformation, reducing stress concentration and mechanical damage on the module surface.

[0056] This structure works in conjunction with the swing baffle 4 to form a three-dimensional constraint on the working module: the front and rear swing baffles 4 achieve longitudinal sealing and aerodynamic optimization through dynamic blocking; the left and right top pressure plates 6 achieve lateral fixation through elastic clamping; and the lower surface of the core mounting platform 2 cooperates with the mounting plate 3 to achieve vertical positioning, jointly ensuring the stable mounting of the module under complex working conditions. The preload of the elastic element 10 is combined with the mechanical gain of the linkage mechanism to automatically adjust the clamping force according to the weight of the module—the heavier the module, the greater the horizontal thrust applied by the linkage mechanism when the mounting plate 3 rises, and the compression of the elastic element 10 increases accordingly, forming a clamping force that matches the load and avoiding problems of being too tight or too loose.

[0057] In some examples, the bottom end of the sliding guide post 101 is fixed to a base limiting plate 11 by bolts or welding. The base limiting plate 11 is a circular or rectangular flat plate structure, the geometric center of which coincides with the central axis of symmetry of the main body 1, and the plate surface is perpendicular to the axis of the sliding guide post 101. The bottom edge of the mounting plate 3 is provided with a downwardly extending limiting flange. When the mounting plate 3 slides down along the sliding guide post 101 to the lowest position, the limiting flange abuts against the upper surface of the base limiting plate 11, forming a mechanical stop structure to prevent the mounting plate 3 from detaching from the sliding guide post 101.

[0058] A hollow monitoring cylinder 12 is vertically fixed at the bottom center of the mounting plate 3. The axis of the monitoring cylinder 12 is parallel to the axis of the sliding guide post 101, and its lower end passes through a through hole in the center of the bottom support limiting plate 11 and extends downward. A drive ring 13 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the bottom support limiting plate 11 via a bearing assembly. The drive ring 13 has a circular structure with internal threads machined on its inner wall, forming a threaded engagement with the external threads on the outer wall of the hollow monitoring cylinder 12. A drive gear ring is provided on the outer periphery of the drive ring 13, which is driven manually or by a drive motor. Depending on the requirements, anti-slip textures or gears are provided on the outside of the drive ring 13.

[0059] The contact structure between the bottom support limiting plate 11 and the mounting plate 3 provides a mechanical limit at the end of the stroke of the sliding guide post 101, ensuring that the mounting plate 3 is fixed at its lowest position during module loading and unloading, avoiding structural damage due to operational errors, and improving the safety of human-machine interaction. The threaded transmission mechanism between the drive ring 13 and the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 converts rotational motion into linear motion. Utilizing the high-precision positioning characteristics of the threaded pair, it enables fine adjustment of the height of the mounting plate 3, meeting the differentiated exposure height requirements of different working modules.

[0060] In some examples, four support rods 14 are vertically fixed to the bottom edge of the base support limiting plate 11. The four support rods 14 are arranged in a rectangular array with the center of the base support limiting plate 11 as the vertex, and their axes are parallel to the axis of the sliding guide post 101. The bottom end of each support rod 14 is bolted to a leg 15. The leg 15 has an inverted "U" shaped frame structure, with its horizontal section upper surface hinged to the bottom end of the support rod 14, and its vertical section bottom end provided with an elastic buffer pad 1501. The hinge axis of the leg 15 is parallel to the transverse axis of symmetry of the core mounting platform 2, allowing the leg 15 to swing slightly in the vertical direction during landing to absorb impact energy.

[0061] The layout of the tripod 15 is symmetrical to the geometric center of the base support plate 11, ensuring the stability of the UAV under different landing attitudes. The drive ring 13 is located in the central area enclosed by the four support rods 14, and its rotation and the lifting and lowering movement of the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 are not interfered with by the tripod 15. The elastic buffer pad 1501 of the tripod 15 is made of wear-resistant rubber with anti-slip texture on the surface, adapting to the take-off and landing requirements of complex terrains such as gravel and grass.

[0062] The tripod 15 is rigidly connected to the base support limiting plate 11 via the support rod 14. Utilizing the existing bottom fixing structure of the sliding guide column 101, an integrated support system is formed, avoiding the structural redundancy caused by the independent installation of traditional UAV tripods. This reduces the overall weight of the aircraft while improving the strength and reliability of the support structure. The coordinated design of the elastic buffer pad 1501 and the hinge shaft effectively absorbs landing impact energy, reducing vibration interference to precision components such as the battery pack and control circuit board inside the main body 1. Compared to traditional rigid tripods, this reduces the transmission of impact loads.

[0063] In some examples, the support rod 14 is a telescopic rod, and the leg 15 is fixed to the hollow monitoring cylinder 12. After the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 is driven to rise and slide by the mounting plate 3, it synchronously drives the leg 15 to rise and move.

[0064] The support rod 14 adopts a telescopic sleeve structure, including an inner tube fixed to the bottom of the base limiting plate 11 and an outer tube sleeved on it. The bottom end of the outer tube is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal section of the tripod 15. The bottom end of the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 passes through the base limiting plate 11 and is rigidly fixed to the center area of ​​the horizontal section of the tripod 15. When the mounting plate 3 rises and falls along the sliding guide post 101, the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 synchronously drives the tripod 15 to move in the vertical direction. The inner tube and outer tube of the support rod 14 slide relative to each other through the cooperation of the guide groove and the limiting protrusion, maintaining coaxiality during the telescopic process. The telescopic design of the support rod 14 and the linkage lifting structure of the hollow monitoring cylinder 12 enable the height of the tripod 15 to be adjusted synchronously with the mounting plate 3, realizing the integrated movement of the UAV bottom support system and the working module mounting structure. When the working module rises with the mounting plate 3 and approaches the main body 1, the landing gear 15 moves upward in sync. The adjustment of the vertical position of the center of gravity of the whole machine matches the change in the support height, effectively mitigating the impact of the center of gravity shift caused by the weight of the module on the stability of take-off and landing. When the module descends and is exposed, the landing gear 15 moves downward to maintain the support rigidity during landing and avoid the fuselage tilting due to excessive bottom height difference.

[0065] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A reconnaissance and patrol drone, used to carry a working module for reconnaissance; characterized in that, include: The main body (1) has a core mounting platform (2) at its bottom and a sliding guide post (101) extending downward from the bottom of the main body (1). Mounting plate (3) is mounted on the sliding guide post (101) and located below the core mounting platform (2). The mounting plate (3) and the core mounting platform (2) form a receiving space (301). The mounting plate (3) is used to support the working module. The mounting plate (3) is configured to slide upward and shrink the receiving space (301) to drive the working module closer to the main body (1).

2. The reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding guide posts (101) are in several groups and are arranged circumferentially at the bottom of the main body (1). The mounting plate (3) and the sliding guide posts (101) are all in sliding cooperation.

3. The reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A swing baffle (4) is swing-mounted at the bottom of the main body (1). A strip-shaped guide groove (401) is provided along the length direction of the swing baffle (4). A sliding part (302) is provided on the mounting plate (3). The sliding part (302) is slidably disposed in the strip-shaped guide groove (401). The mounting plate (3) can rise and slide so as to drive the swing baffle (4) to swing through the sliding part (302), thereby reducing the angle between the swing baffle (4) and the main body (1) and blocking the swing baffle (4) on one side of the accommodating space (301).

4. The reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are several swing bars (4), and two swing bars (4) form a group. Each side of the accommodating space (301) is provided with a group of swing bars (4). Each group of swing bars (4) swings in opposite directions and moves closer or further away from each other after swinging. In this arrangement, a passageway (402) is formed between the swing bars (4) of each group to provide a passage for placing the working module into the receiving space (301). When the two swing bars (4) swing closer or further apart, the passageway (402) is blocked or opened accordingly.

5. A reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 3, characterized in that, The accommodating space (301) is a rectangular space, and the two sets of swing baffles (4) are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the accommodating space (301), and also include: The side pressing assembly (5) consists of two sets, symmetrically arranged on the other two sides of the accommodating space (301). The two ends of the side pressing assembly (5) are respectively arranged on the core mounting platform (2). A pressing plate (6) is arranged on the side of the side pressing assembly (5). The pressing plate (6) is moved by the side pressing assembly (5) in a direction toward or away from the interior of the accommodating space (301) to abut or cancel the abutment of the working module from the opposite side.

6. The reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side-top pressure assembly (5) includes: The first link (7) has one end hinged to the bottom of the core mounting platform (2) and the other end hinged to the push housing (8). The top pressure plate (6) is slidably disposed on the push housing (8). The second link (9) is hinged at one end to the mounting plate (3) and at the other end to the push housing (8). The first link (7) and the second link (9) are symmetrically arranged about the push housing (8). After the mounting plate (3) slides upward, it can drive the push housing (8) to move into the receiving space (301) through the first link (7) and the second link (9). After the mounting plate (3) slides downward, it can drive the push housing (8) to move away from the receiving space (301).

7. A reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The push-up housing (8) has a guide groove (801) with an opening facing the center of the receiving space (301). The top pressure plate (6) has a sliding rod (601) which is slidably disposed in the guide groove (801). An elastic element (10) is provided between the bottom wall of the guide groove (801) and the sliding rod (601). One end of the elastic element (10) acts on the bottom wall of the guide groove (801), and the other end acts on the sliding rod (601) to elastically push the sliding rod (601) to provide a force that moves the sliding rod (601) away from the bottom wall of the guide groove (801).

8. The reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The bottom support limiting plate (11) is fixed to the bottom end of several sliding guide posts (101) and is located below the mounting plate (3). After the mounting plate (3) slides down, it abuts against the bottom support limiting plate (11). The bottom center of the mounting plate (3) is provided with a hollow monitoring cylinder (12), which penetrates the bottom support limiting plate (11). The bottom surface of the bottom support limiting plate (11) is provided with a drive ring (13), which is sleeved on the hollow monitoring cylinder (12). The inner wall of the drive ring (13) is threadedly engaged with the outer wall of the hollow monitoring cylinder (12).

9. A reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 8, characterized in that, A foot (15) is provided at the bottom of the base support limiting plate (11) via a support rod (14).

10. A reconnaissance and patrol drone according to claim 9, characterized in that, The support rod (14) is a telescopic rod. The foot (15) is fixed to the hollow monitoring cylinder (12). After the hollow monitoring cylinder (12) is driven to rise and slide by the mounting plate (3), it synchronously drives the foot (15) to rise and move.

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