Cantilever crane movable counterweight self-adaptive device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a movable counterweight self-adaptive device of a boom crane, which belongs to the technical field of boom cranes and comprises an upper rotary table, a main boom, a movable pulley block, a fixed pulley block, a steering fixed pulley block, a steel wire rope, a movable counterweight block and an inclined slide way, the movable pulley block is fixed on the main arm; the fixed pulley block is fixed on the upper turntable; a steel wire rope is connected in series with the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block, and one vector head is led out from the fixed pulley block, connected to the steering fixed pulley block at the tail end of the upper turntable and then forwards connected to the movable balancing weight; and the movable balancing weight is arranged on the inclined slide way. When the main arm of the crane is lifted in a rotating manner, the distance between the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block is reduced, and the movable balancing weight moves towards the direction close to the rotation center under the action of gravity, so that the balancing weight torque is reduced; on the contrary, when the main arm rotates and lies on the arm, the balancing weight moves backwards to increase the moment of the balancing weight, and the balancing weight automatically adapts to the change of the load moment, so that the overturning moment of the crane is favorably reduced, and the crane is more economical and safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of boom cranes, specifically relating to an adaptive device for movable counterweights of boom cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Boom cranes are widely used in construction engineering, port terminals, bridge construction and other fields. They are important equipment in modern industry and construction. In crane design, overturning moment is a crucial safety parameter. To ensure the stability of the crane, traditional designs usually set a fixed counterweight at the rear of the upper turntable to balance the maximum overturning moment under lifting conditions. This counterweight method can effectively balance the lifting moment at the front end during heavy-duty operations, ensuring the stability and safety of the entire machine. It is currently the most common solution in the industry.

[0003] However, existing fixed counterweight technology has significant limitations. When the crane is unloaded or lightly loaded, the overturning moment generated by the fixed counterweight is too large, which not only wastes energy but also places unnecessary burden on the crane structure, increasing wear on the turntable bearings and slewing mechanism. Even some improved designs attempt to use adjustable counterweights, such as hydraulic or electric adjustment systems, but these solutions are often complex in structure, expensive, difficult to maintain, and slow in response to changes in working conditions. Therefore, developing a device that can automatically adjust the counterweight position in real time according to the lifting moment has significant engineering application value. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an adaptive device for the movable counterweight of boom cranes. This device adjusts the counterweight torque in real time according to the lifting torque, effectively solving the problem in existing technologies where the fixed counterweight generates excessive overturning torque when the crane is in an unloaded or lightly loaded state. This not only wastes energy but also places unnecessary burdens on the crane structure, increasing wear on the turntable bearings and slewing mechanism. Even though some improved designs attempt to use adjustable counterweights, such as hydraulic or electric adjustment systems, these solutions are often complex in structure, expensive, difficult to maintain, and have slow response speeds, failing to respond to changes in working conditions in real time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an adaptive device for movable counterweight of a boom-type crane, comprising an upper turntable, a main boom, a movable pulley block, a fixed pulley block, a steering fixed pulley block, a wire rope, a movable counterweight block, and an inclined slide; the movable pulley block is fixed on the main boom; the fixed pulley block is fixed on the upper turntable; the wire rope connects the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block in series, and one end of the rope is led out from the fixed pulley block and connected to the steering fixed pulley block at the far end of the upper turntable, and then connected forward to the movable counterweight block; the movable counterweight block is installed on the inclined slide.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, the fixed pulley group is located behind the movable pulley group, and when the main arm rotates upward, the distance between the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group is small; conversely, when the main arm rotates downward, the distance between the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group is large.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inclined slide is arranged in the variable cross-section section at the tail of the upper turntable, adapting to the structural change, and is located in the transverse middle of the upper turntable structure.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the movable counterweight can slide downward on the inclined slide under its own weight, or it can slide upward by the traction of the steel wire rope.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the movable counterweight includes a roller bracket, a perforated connecting plate, a counterweight unit, and a reverse clamping plate. Rollers are provided on both sides of the roller bracket, and the rollers are in contact with the inclined slide to support the movable counterweight and roll on the inclined slide. The perforated connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the roller bracket. The counterweight unit is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the perforated connecting plate by bolts. The reverse clamping plate is a safety device to prevent the movable counterweight from tipping over.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the connection point between the wire rope and the movable counterweight is located on one side of the roller bracket, so that the wire rope maintains a good force direction when pulling the movable counterweight.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the counterweight unit consists of multiple separable small counterweights. The number of counterweights can be increased or decreased as needed, or the connection position of the counterweights on the perforated connecting plate can be adjusted to change the total weight or center of gravity position of the movable counterweights.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the rollers on the roller bracket are made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which reduces the resistance of the movable counterweight when it moves on the inclined slide.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the length of the inclined slide is at least twice the length of the movable counterweight, ensuring that the movable counterweight has sufficient stroke to adapt to the counterweight requirements under different working conditions.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the tension of the wire rope between the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block is used to reduce the bending moment under the weight of the main boom.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention provides a movable counterweight adaptive device for a boom-type crane. When the main boom rotates upward to raise the boom, the lifting torque decreases. At this time, the distance between the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group decreases, the wire rope loosens, and the movable counterweight moves towards the center of rotation under the weight, thus reducing the counterweight torque. Conversely, when the main boom rotates downward to lower the boom, the distance between the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group increases, the wire rope tightens, and the movable counterweight moves away from the center of rotation under the traction of the wire rope, thus increasing the counterweight torque. The counterweight torque can automatically and in real time respond to the lifting torque and increase or decrease synchronously with it. In addition, since the fixed pulley group is at the rear end of the movable pulley group, the tension of the wire rope between the movable pulley group and the fixed pulley group can help reduce the bending moment under the weight of the main boom and the tension of the luffing. By adjusting the number of movable pulley groups and fixed pulley groups, the magnitude of the tension beneficial to the main boom can be adjusted.

[0017] (2) The present invention provides a movable counterweight adaptive device for a boom crane. The movable counterweight is composed of a roller bracket, a multi-hole connecting plate, a counterweight unit and a counter-clamping plate. Rollers are provided on both sides of the roller bracket to reduce the resistance of the counterweight movement. The multi-hole connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the roller bracket and has multiple standard-spaced connecting holes. The counterweight unit is a small counterweight with a small individual weight and a uniform interface. The counterweight unit can be connected to any hole of the multi-hole connecting plate. The total weight of the counterweight can be adjusted by adjusting the number of counterweight units. The counter-clamping plate is a safety device to prevent the counterweight from tipping over. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure when the main arm rotates upward;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure when the main arm rotates downwards;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable counterweight of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the utility model Figure 4 Another perspective illustration.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Upper turntable; 2. Main boom; 3. Movable pulley block; 4. Fixed pulley block; 41. Steering fixed pulley block; 5. Steel wire rope; 6. Movable counterweight block; 61. Roller bracket; 62. Perforated connecting plate; 63. Counterweight unit; 64. Reverse clamping plate; 7. Inclined slide. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate orientation or positional relationships only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] It should be understood that, in the description of the utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly.

[0027] Example 1: See Appendix Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides an adaptive movable counterweight device for a boom-type crane, including an upper turntable 1, a main boom 2, a movable pulley block 3, a fixed pulley block 4, a steering fixed pulley block 41, a wire rope 5, a movable counterweight block 6, and an inclined slide 7; the movable pulley block 3 is fixed on the main boom 2; the fixed pulley block 4 is fixed on the upper turntable 1; the wire rope 5 connects the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 in series, and one end of the rope is led out from the fixed pulley block 4 and connected to the steering fixed pulley block 41 at the far end of the upper turntable 1, and then connected forward to the movable counterweight block 6; the movable counterweight block 6 is installed on the inclined slide 7.

[0028] It is easy to understand that the upper turntable 1 is the upper support structure of the boom crane, and also provides support for the fixed pulley block 4 and the inclined slide 7. The main boom 2 provides support for the movable pulley block 3.

[0029] The fixed pulley block 4 is located behind the movable pulley block 3. When the main arm 2 rotates upward, the distance between the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 is small. Conversely, when the main arm 2 rotates downward, the distance between the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 is large.

[0030] The inclined slide 7 is set at the tail section of the upper turntable 1, adapting to the structural changes and located in the transverse middle of the upper turntable 1 structure, thus making the structure compact.

[0031] The movable counterweight 6 can slide downwards on the inclined slide 7 under its own weight, or it can slide upwards by being pulled by the steel wire rope 5.

[0032] The movable counterweight 6 includes a roller bracket 61, a perforated connecting plate 62, a counterweight unit 63, and a snap-locking plate 64. Rollers are provided on both sides of the roller bracket 61, which are in contact with the inclined slide 7 to support the movable counterweight 6 and roll on the inclined slide 7. The perforated connecting plate 62 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the roller bracket 61. The counterweight unit 63 is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the perforated connecting plate 62 by bolts. The snap-locking plate 64 is a safety device to prevent the movable counterweight 6 from tipping over.

[0033] The connection point between the wire rope 5 and the movable counterweight 6 is located on one side of the roller bracket 61, so that the wire rope 5 maintains a good force direction when pulling the movable counterweight 6.

[0034] The counterweight unit 63 consists of multiple separable small counterweights. The number of counterweights can be increased or decreased as needed, or the connection position of the counterweights on the perforated connecting plate 62 can be adjusted to change the total weight or center of gravity of the movable counterweight 6.

[0035] The rollers on the roller bracket 61 are made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which reduces the resistance when the movable counterweight 6 moves on the inclined slide 7.

[0036] The length of the inclined slide 7 is at least twice the length of the movable counterweight 6 to ensure that the movable counterweight 6 has sufficient stroke to adapt to the counterweight requirements under different working conditions.

[0037] The tension of the wire rope 5 between the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 is used to reduce the bending moment under the weight of the main boom 2 and the tension during luffing.

[0038] Furthermore, the current attached diagram Figure 1 The movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 shown are both single pulleys. However, in order to adjust the total tension of the special steel wire rope of the tensioning structure on the main boom 2, the number of pulleys in the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 can be increased.

[0039] The adaptive movable counterweight device for a boom-type crane described in Embodiment 1 is used as follows: The movable pulley block 3 is installed on the main boom 2 and rotates with it; the fixed pulley block 4 is installed on the upper turntable 1, located behind the rotation point at the root of the main boom 2; the steering fixed pulley block 41 is located at the rear end of the upper turntable 1; the inclined slide 7 is positioned in the middle of the variable cross-section position at the rear end of the upper turntable 1; the movable counterweight block 6 is installed on the inclined slide 7; and the wire rope 5 connects the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 in series, with one end of the rope connected rearward to the steering fixed pulley block 41. Then, it turns forward and connects to the movable counterweight 6. When the main boom 2 rotates upward to raise the boom, the distance between the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 decreases, the wire rope 5 loosens, and the movable counterweight 6 slides towards the center of rotation under its own weight, thereby reducing the counterweight torque. Conversely, when the main boom 2 rotates downward to lower the boom, the distance between the movable pulley block 3 and the fixed pulley block 4 increases, the wire rope 5 tightens, and the movable counterweight 6 slides away from the center of rotation under the traction of the wire rope, thereby increasing the counterweight torque. This means that the counterweight torque can automatically adapt to changes in the lifting torque.

[0040] In addition, the force of the sliding counterweight 6 is amplified by the fixed pulley block 4 and the movable pulley block 3 and then acts on the main boom 2. Because the force is directed upwards on the main boom 2, the main boom 2 tends to rotate upwards, which can reduce the luffing force of the crane to a certain extent and can also appropriately balance the downward bending moment generated by the weight of the main boom 2.

[0041] The movable counterweight 6 consists of a roller bracket 61, a perforated connecting plate 62, a counterweight unit 63, and a snap-locking plate 64. The roller bracket 61 has rollers with low resistance on both sides, making the movement of the counterweight less resistant. The perforated connecting plate 62 has multiple connection holes with standard spacing. The counterweight unit 63 is a small counterweight with a small individual weight and a uniform interface. The counterweight unit 63 can be connected to the perforated connecting plate 62 at any position. The total weight of the counterweight can be adjusted by adjusting the number of counterweight units 63. The snap-locking plate 64 is a safety device to prevent the counterweight from tipping over.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A self-adaptive device for movable counterweight of a boom-type crane, characterized in that, The system includes an upper turntable (1), a main boom (2), a movable pulley block (3), a fixed pulley block (4), a steering fixed pulley block (41), a wire rope (5), a movable counterweight (6), and an inclined slide (7); the movable pulley block (3) is fixed on the main boom (2); the fixed pulley block (4) is fixed on the upper turntable (1); the wire rope (5) is connected in series with the movable pulley block (3) and the fixed pulley block (4), and one end of the rope is led out from the fixed pulley block (4) and connected to the steering fixed pulley block (41) at the far end of the upper turntable (1), and then connected forward to the movable counterweight (6); the movable counterweight (6) is installed on the inclined slide (7).

2. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed pulley group (4) is located behind the movable pulley group (3). When the main arm (2) rotates upward, the distance between the movable pulley group (3) and the fixed pulley group (4) will be small. Conversely, when the main arm (2) rotates downward, the distance between the movable pulley group (3) and the fixed pulley group (4) will be large.

3. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined slide (7) is located at the tail section of the upper turntable (1) to adapt to structural changes and is situated in the transverse middle of the upper turntable (1) structure.

4. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable counterweight (6) can slide downwards on the inclined slide (7) by its own weight, or it can slide upwards by the traction of the steel wire rope (5).

5. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable counterweight (6) includes a roller bracket (61), a perforated connecting plate (62), a counterweight unit (63), and a snap-locking plate (64). Rollers are provided on both sides of the roller bracket (61), and the rollers are in contact with the inclined slide (7) to support the movable counterweight (6) and roll on the inclined slide (7). The perforated connecting plate (62) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the roller bracket (61). The counterweight unit (63) is detachably connected to the connecting hole of the perforated connecting plate (62) by bolts. The snap-locking plate (64) is a safety device to prevent the movable counterweight (6) from tipping over.

6. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connection point between the wire rope (5) and the movable counterweight (6) is located on one side of the roller bracket (61), so that the wire rope (5) maintains a good force direction when pulling the movable counterweight (6).

7. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The counterweight unit (63) consists of multiple separable small counterweights. The number of counterweights can be increased or decreased as needed, or the connection position of the counterweights on the perforated connecting plate (62) can be adjusted to change the total weight or center of gravity of the movable counterweight (6).

8. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rollers on the roller bracket (61) are made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, which reduces the resistance of the movable counterweight (6) when it moves on the inclined slide (7).

9. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of boom-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the inclined slide (7) is at least twice the length of the movable counterweight (6) to ensure that the movable counterweight (6) has sufficient stroke to meet the counterweight requirements under different working conditions.

10. The adaptive device for movable counterweight of a boom-type crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension of the wire rope (5) between the movable pulley block (3) and the fixed pulley block (4) is used to reduce the bending moment of the main boom (2) under its own weight.

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