Anchorage structure suitable for caisson handling in a prefabrication field area along the Mediterranean coast
By setting up backfill soil, crushed stone cushion layer and concrete layer around the main body of the anchor, and setting steel mesh and lifting bars in the concrete layer, the problem of underwater prefabrication caused by the large size of the anchor was solved, and efficient and economical construction of caisson transportation along the North African coast was realized.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional anchor blocks are designed with anti-slip and overturning stability in mind, resulting in larger dimensions that require underwater prefabrication, increasing construction difficulty and cost, especially in the complex construction areas along the North African coast.
The anchor body is surrounded by backfill soil, crushed stone cushion layer and concrete layer. The concrete layer contains steel mesh, which extends outward by half. The concrete layer is equipped with grooves and suspension bars. The design is optimized by combining calculation software.
This effectively reduces the size of the anchorage, avoids underwater prefabrication, lowers construction complexity and cost, and achieves an efficient and economical solution for caisson towing and transportation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224281343U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchorage technology, specifically to an anchorage structure suitable for transporting caissons in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast. Background Technology
[0002] As is well known, gravity caisson structures are a common type of wharf structure, widely used in wharves and breakwaters. This structure primarily relies on its own weight to maintain stability; however, displacement needs to be controlled during caisson transportation, necessitating the installation of anchor blocks on both sides of the caisson's direction of travel. Due to the small tidal range along the North African coast, the anchor blocks in the prefabrication yard area should not be buried too deep. To avoid wading and dewatering steps during underground precasting of the anchor blocks, a shallow-buried anchor block structure was adopted.
[0003] Traditional anchor blocks, when designed to resist sliding and overturning stability, only consider the weight of the anchor itself. However, anchors designed for these stability requirements tend to be large, necessitating underwater prefabrication and requiring measures such as wellpoint dewatering, thus increasing construction difficulty and equipment costs for overseas projects. Therefore, a surface reinforcement measure is considered to reduce anchor size while avoiding underwater construction. This anchor structure offers advantages such as high flexibility and good overall stability. Utility Model Content
[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an anchorage structure suitable for transporting caissons in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast.
[0006] (II) Technical Solution
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an anchor structure suitable for transporting caissons in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast, comprising an anchor body, backfill soil, a crushed stone cushion layer, and a concrete layer. The backfill soil is located around the anchor body, the crushed stone cushion layer is disposed above the backfill soil, and the concrete layer is disposed above the crushed stone cushion layer.
[0008] To improve the strength of the structure, this utility model is improved by including a steel mesh inside the concrete layer.
[0009] To improve the strength of the structure, the present invention is improved in that the size of the steel mesh is 10cm×10cm, the thickness of the concrete layer is 25cm, and the length of the steel mesh extending outward is about half the length of the anchorage itself.
[0010] To improve the strength of the structure, this utility model is improved by providing a groove and a suspension rod in the middle of the concrete layer.
[0011] (III) Beneficial Effects
[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an anchorage structure suitable for transporting caissons in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast, which has the following advantages:
[0013] This anchorage structure, applicable to caisson transport in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast, effectively solves the problem of excessively large anchorage dimensions when designing for anti-sliding and overturning stability. In traditional designs, excessively large anchorage dimensions lead to underwater operations during prefabrication, requiring additional measures such as wellpoint dewatering. These additional operations not only increase construction complexity but also significantly increase the construction difficulty and equipment costs of overseas projects. This anchorage structure, through innovative design, avoids these problems and successfully realizes the function of caisson towing and transport in port construction projects in North Africa, providing a more efficient and economical solution for engineering construction. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 Elevation view of the anchorage structure;
[0015] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the plan layout of the anchorage structure;
[0016] Figure 3 For construction process flowchart;
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Anchor body; 2. Backfill soil; 3. Crushed stone cushion layer; 4. Steel mesh; 5. Concrete layer; 6. Hanging rod. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0019] Please see Figure 1-3 An anchorage structure suitable for transporting caissons in prefabrication yards along the Mediterranean coast includes an anchorage body 1, backfill soil 2, a crushed stone cushion layer 3, and a concrete layer 5. The backfill soil 2 is located around the anchorage body 1, the crushed stone cushion layer 3 is disposed above the backfill soil 2, and the concrete layer 5 is disposed above the crushed stone cushion layer 3.
[0020] In this embodiment, the concrete layer 5 contains a steel mesh 4.
[0021] In this embodiment, the steel mesh 4 is 10cm×10cm in size, the concrete layer 5 is 25cm thick, and the steel mesh 4 extends outward for about half the length of the anchorage itself.
[0022] In this embodiment, the concrete layer 5 is provided with a groove and a suspension rod 6 in the middle.
[0023] Construction steps: First, use an excavator to excavate the foundation trench. During this process, arrange for manual adjustments to the details. After the foundation trench is completed, precast and pour the anchor body 1 in the trench. Use C25 / 30 concrete (this is the European standard expression, where C represents concrete, 25 represents the compressive strength of the cylindrical test block, and 30 represents the compressive strength of the cubic test block). After it is cured and shaped, backfill the soil in layers. Use a rammer to compact the backfill soil 2. The backfill soil can be crushed stone, sand or blasted rock without organic impurities. Then lay a 150mm thick graded crushed stone cushion layer 3.
[0024] When laying the steel mesh 4, since it is suspended before the concrete is poured, it needs to be supported by small concrete blocks. The steel mesh 4 uses steel bars with a diameter of 8mm and a mesh spacing of 150mm. After the steel mesh is laid, a 250mm thick layer of C25 / 30 concrete is poured as the ground. In addition, HA32 type lifting bars 6 (32mm diameter threaded steel bars) are set in the anchor structure. Their main function is to bear the tension when lifting the anchor structure and ensure the safety and stability of the lifting process.
[0025] Conventional anchorage calculations are based on the "Code for Design of Overhead Transmission Line Foundations" (DL / T5219-2023) and the "Handbook for Static Calculation of Building Structures" (Second Edition). Rectangular foundation pull-out calculation software is used to perform pull-out verification, net reaction force calculation of the base plate, shear verification, and bending bearing capacity verification, thereby determining the structural dimensions. However, this anchorage structure fully considers the synergistic effects of various components and optimizes the calculation method. In comparison, it effectively solves the problem of excessively large anchorage dimensions caused by anti-sliding and overturning stability design. If the anchorage dimensions are too large, underwater prefabrication is likely to be involved, and measures such as wellpoint dewatering must be considered, increasing the construction difficulty and equipment costs of overseas projects. This structure avoids these problems and successfully realizes the function of caisson traction and transportation in port construction projects in North Africa.
[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An anchorage structure suitable for the handling of caissons in a prefabrication area along the Mediterranean coast, comprising an anchorage body (1), backfill (2), a crushed stone bed (3) and a concrete layer (5), characterized in that: The backfill soil (2) is located around the anchor body (1), the crushed stone cushion layer (3) is placed above the backfill soil (2), and the concrete layer (5) is placed above the crushed stone cushion layer (3).
2. An anchorage structure suitable for the handling of precast caissons in a Mediterranean coastal precast yard area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete layer (5) contains a steel mesh (4).
3. An anchorage structure suitable for the handling of precast caissons in a Mediterranean coastal precast yard area according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel mesh (4) is 10cm×10cm in size, the concrete layer (5) is 25cm thick, and the steel mesh (4) extends outward for about half the length of the anchorage itself.
4. An anchorage structure suitable for the handling of precast caissons in a Mediterranean coastal precast yard area according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concrete layer (5) has a groove and a suspension bar (6) in the middle.