Battery pack

Abstract

This application discloses a battery pack. The battery pack includes: a housing; a cell module disposed within the housing; a first interface configured to couple with a power tool to supply power to the power tool, the first interface including a terminal assembly; at least one second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface, configured to couple with and transmit electrical energy to other electrical devices different from the power tool; the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / kg, and / or the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / dm². 3 The above solutions can meet more diverse and richer functional requirements and more efficient and portable performance indicators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power tool technology, and more specifically to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Power tools are widely used in various production and daily life scenarios. Common power tools include cutting tools such as circular saws, chainsaws, and reciprocating saws; fastening tools such as electric drills, nail guns, and screwdrivers; and surface treatment tools such as angle grinders and polishers. In a broader sense, they also include various outdoor power equipment, such as handheld garden tools like pruning machines and lawnmowers, wheeled tools like lawnmowers and snowplows, and outdoor work vehicles like all-terrain vehicles. Currently, the industry is showing a trend towards lithium-ion battery technology and intelligentization, with battery packs, adapters, and chargers becoming increasingly important components of power tool systems.

[0003] This section provides background information related to this application, which is not necessarily prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] One object of this application is to solve or at least mitigate some or all of the aforementioned problems. To this end, this application provides a battery pack.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A battery pack includes: a housing; a cell module disposed within the housing; a first interface configured to couple with a power tool to supply power to the power tool; the first interface including a terminal assembly; at least one second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface and configured to couple with and transmit electrical energy to other electrical devices different from the power tool; the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / kg.

[0007] In some embodiments, the terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second interface is a USB Type-C interface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the output power of the second interface is greater than or equal to 2.5W and less than or equal to 240W.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second interface is a wireless charging coil.

[0011] In some embodiments, the output power of the second interface is greater than or equal to 5W and less than or equal to 100W.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery pack has a capacity of 1.5 Ah or greater.

[0013] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 2.5V.

[0014] In some embodiments, the output power of the second interface is limited when the remaining charge of the battery pack is less than or equal to a lower threshold.

[0015] In some embodiments, the direction of power transmission through the second interface is set via a button on the housing or via an IoT mechanism.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / dm. 3 .

[0017] In some embodiments, the battery pack is a power tool battery pack configured to power at least the power tool.

[0018] A battery pack includes: a housing; a cell module disposed within the housing; a first interface configured to couple with a power tool to supply power to the power tool; the first interface including a terminal assembly; and at least one second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface, configured to couple with and transmit electrical energy to another electrical device different from the power tool; the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / dm². 3 .

[0019] A battery pack includes: a housing; a cell module disposed within the housing; a first interface configured to couple with a power tool to supply power to the power tool; the first interface including a terminal assembly; a second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface, configured to couple with and transmit electrical energy to another electrical device different from the power tool; a charging and discharging circuit connected to the second interface and the cell module respectively; a command receiving element configured to receive commands issued by a user, the commands indicating the direction of electrical energy transmission through the second interface; and a controller configured to receive commands from the command receiving element and control the charging and discharging circuit based on the commands.

[0020] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a second battery pack, a second power tool, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and a watch.

[0021] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a button disposed on the housing.

[0022] In some embodiments, the button is also reused as a battery level display button.

[0023] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a wireless communication module configured to receive user settings from a remote device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to discharge from the cell module to the second interface when the instruction is a power supply instruction.

[0025] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to charge the battery cell module from the second interface when the instruction is a charging instruction.

[0026] In some embodiments, the controller is also configured with default logic, which controls the charging and discharging circuit in the absence of an instruction received from the instruction receiving element.

[0027] In some embodiments, the terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second interface is a USB Type-C interface.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second interface is a wireless charging coil.

[0030] An electric tool includes: a working head; a motor configured to drive the working head; a first interface configured to couple with a battery pack to supply power to the electric tool; the first interface including a terminal assembly; a second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface and configured to couple with and transmit electrical energy to other electrical devices different from the battery pack; a charging and discharging circuit connected to both the second interface and the first interface; a command receiving element configured to receive commands from a user, the commands indicating the direction of electrical energy transmission through the second interface; and a controller configured to receive commands from the command receiving element and control the charging and discharging circuit based on the commands.

[0031] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a second battery pack, a second power tool, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and a watch.

[0032] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a button disposed on the housing of the power tool.

[0033] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a wireless communication module configured to receive user settings from a remote device.

[0034] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to discharge from the battery pack to the second interface when the instruction is a power supply instruction.

[0035] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to charge the battery pack from the second interface when the instruction is a charging instruction.

[0036] In some embodiments, the controller is also configured with default logic, which controls the charging and discharging circuit in the absence of an instruction received from the instruction receiving element.

[0037] In some embodiments, the terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal.

[0038] In some embodiments, the second interface is a USB Type-C interface.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second interface is a wireless charging coil.

[0040] An adapter includes: a first interface configured to couple to a battery pack for charging the battery pack; the first interface including a terminal assembly; a second interface having a different physical structure from the first interface and configured to couple to and transmit electrical energy to another electrical device different from the battery pack; a charging / discharging circuit connected to the second interface and the first interface respectively; an instruction receiving element configured to receive an instruction from a user, the instruction indicating the direction of electrical energy transmission through the second interface; and a controller configured to receive instructions from the instruction receiving element and control the charging / discharging circuit based on the instructions.

[0041] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a second battery pack, a mobile phone, a tablet battery, and a watch.

[0042] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a button disposed on the housing of the adapter.

[0043] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element is a wireless communication module configured to receive user settings from a remote device.

[0044] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to discharge from the battery pack to the second interface when the instruction is a power supply instruction.

[0045] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the charging and discharging circuit to charge the battery pack from the second interface when the instruction is a charging instruction.

[0046] In some embodiments, the controller is also configured with default logic, which controls the charging and discharging circuit in the absence of an instruction received from the instruction receiving element.

[0047] In some embodiments, the terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal.

[0048] In some embodiments, the second interface is a USB Type-C interface.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second interface is a wireless charging coil.

[0050] An electrical power system includes: a first battery pack for powering a power tool, comprising: a housing; a battery cell module disposed within the housing; and a USB Type-C interface configured to couple with an electrical device and transmit information and power to the electrical device; and a second battery pack for powering the power tool, comprising: a housing; a battery cell module disposed within the housing; and a USB Type-C interface configured to couple with an electrical device and transmit information and power to the electrical device; wherein the first battery pack is configured to supply power from its USB Type-C interface to the second battery pack's USB Type-C interface via a USB Type-C cable when the power indicator parameter of the first battery pack is greater than that of the second battery pack.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is the same as the second battery pack.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack have different physical structures.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is configured to receive power from the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack via a USB Type-C cable when the power indication parameter of the first battery pack is less than that of the second battery pack.

[0054] In some embodiments, the power indication parameters include SOC and voltage.

[0055] In some embodiments, the USB Type-C interface of the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack supports the USB PD protocol.

[0056] In some embodiments, the direction of power transmission of the USB Type-C interface of the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack is set via a button on the housing or via an IoT method.

[0057] A power tool system includes: a first battery pack, comprising: a housing; a battery cell module disposed within the housing; a power tool interface configured to couple with a power tool to supply power to the power tool; the power tool interface including terminal assemblies; a second battery pack, comprising: a housing; a battery cell module disposed within the housing; a USB Type-C interface configured to couple with an electrical device and transmit information and electrical energy to the electrical device; a power tool, comprising: a working head; a motor configured to drive the working head; a first interface configured to couple with the power tool interface of the first battery pack; and a second interface configured to couple with the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack; wherein the first battery pack and the second battery pack transfer electrical energy through the power tool.

[0058] In some embodiments, the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack supports the USB PD protocol.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is the same as the second battery pack.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack have different physical structures.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second battery pack is configured to supply power from the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack to the power tool interface of the first battery pack via a power tool when the power indication parameter of the second battery pack is greater than the power indication parameter of the first battery pack.

[0062] In some embodiments, the second interface of the power tool is directly coupled to the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack or indirectly coupled via a USB Type-C cable.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second interface of the power tool is a USB interface.

[0064] In some embodiments, the direction of power transfer between the USB Type-C interface of the second battery pack and the power tool interface of the first battery pack can be configured by any one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack, and the power tool.

[0065] An electrical power system includes: a first battery pack, including a housing, a battery cell module disposed within the housing, a power tool interface disposed on the housing, and a wireless charging coil disposed on the inner wall of the housing; and a second battery pack, including a housing, a battery cell module disposed within the housing, a power tool interface disposed on the housing, and a wireless charging coil disposed on the inner wall of the housing; wherein, when the wireless charging coil of the first battery pack is close to the wireless charging coil of the second battery pack, the first battery pack is configured to charge the second battery pack.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is the same as the second battery pack.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack have different physical structures.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack conform to the WPC Qi standard.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first battery pack is configured to supply power to the second battery pack via wireless charging coil coupling when the power indication parameter of the first battery pack is greater than that of the second battery pack.

[0070] In some embodiments, the direction of power transmission by the wireless charging coils of the first and / or second battery packs is set via buttons on the housing or via an IoT mechanism.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack further include a third interface with a different physical structure from the power tool interface.

[0072] The technical effects of this application include at least providing a battery pack, power tool, and power tool system that can meet more diverse and richer functional requirements and have more efficient and portable performance indicators. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack and a power tool having a power supply relationship as one embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a battery pack as one embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 3A yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the electronic control principle of the battery pack.

[0076] Figure 3B yes Figure 2 Another electronic control schematic diagram of the battery pack shown;

[0077] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a process flow of the battery pack supplying power to the outside via the second interface;

[0078] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the power tool as one embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The diagram shows the electrical control principle of the power tool.

[0080] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the adapter as one embodiment in this application;

[0081] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The diagram shows the electrical control schematic of the adapter.

[0082] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical power system as one embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a power tool system as one embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of an electrical power system as another embodiment of this application.

[0085] Figure captions: 100, Battery pack; 110, First interface / Power tool interface; 120, Second interface / USB Type-C interface / Wireless charging coil; 130, Command receiving element; 140, Housing; 150, Battery cell module; 160, Charging / discharging circuit; 170, Controller; 200, Power tool; 210, First interface; 220, Second interface; 230, Command receiving element; 240, Housing; 250, Working head; 260, Charging / discharging circuit; 270, Controller; 280, Motor; 300, Adapter; 310, First interface; 320, Second interface; 330, Command receiving element; 340, Housing; 360, Charging / discharging circuit; 370, Controller; 400a / 400c, Power system; 400b, Power tool system; 410, First battery pack; 420, Second battery pack; 430, USB Type-C connector; 440, power tool coupled to the power tool interface of the first battery pack. Detailed Implementation

[0086] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0087] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0088] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "and / or" relationship.

[0089] In this application, the terms "connection," "combination," "coupling," and "installation" can refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, while an indirect connection refers to two parts or components each being connected to at least one intermediary, with the connection achieved through the intermediary. Furthermore, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can also include electrical connections or couplings.

[0090] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that relative terms (e.g., “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions are to include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, such relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a particular value, tolerances associated with the particular value due to manufacturing, assembly, use, etc. Such terms should also be considered as disclosing a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​not using relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. Furthermore, “basically” when expressing relative angular relationships (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular) may refer to a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) added to or subtracted from the indicated angle.

[0091] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0092] In this application, the directional terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to describe the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when an element is mentioned as being connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional terms such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, and rear side not only represent positive orientation but can also be understood as lateral orientation. For example, "below" can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower rear.

[0093] In this application, the terms "controller," "processor," "central processing unit," "CPU," and "MCU" are used interchangeably. When using the unit "controller," "processor," "central processing unit," "CPU," or "MCU" to perform a specific function, unless otherwise stated, these functions may be performed by a single or multiple of the aforementioned units.

[0094] In this application, the terms "device," "module," or "unit" are used to describe devices that can be implemented in hardware or software to perform a specific function.

[0095] In this application, the terms “calculation,” “judgment,” “control,” “determine,” “identify,” etc., refer to the operation and process of a computer system or similar electronic computing device (e.g., controller, processor, etc.).

[0096] The technical solution proposed in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0097] This application primarily describes a power receiving and feeding system that enables the transfer of electrical energy between any two electrical devices such as power tools, battery packs, and adapters. In some schemes, the power transfer between the power receiving and feeding parties also involves a third electrical device acting as an intermediary or other related party. In other schemes, the transfer occurs only between the power receiving and feeding devices. Specific schemes will be described later. Furthermore, some terms and concepts used in this application need to be explained. The term "coupling" in this application at least includes the concept of electrical connection. Electrical connection can be a direct electrical connection without adapters or connecting wires, or an indirect electrical connection mediated by adapters, connecting wires, or other devices. Direct electrical connection can be a contact connection such as a male-female interface mating, or a non-contact connection such as coil electromagnetic coupling. In some cases, "coupling" includes not only the meaning of electrical connection but also the meaning of structural connection. For example, the contact-type direct electrical connection described above requires a corresponding structural connection. The specific meaning of "coupling" in different schemes will be clarified later.

[0098] The battery pack in this application can have a charging and discharging relationship with other battery packs and electrical equipment such as power tools and adapters. The battery pack can power at least different types of power tools, including handheld power tools such as electric drills, reciprocating saws, and circular saws; or benchtop tools such as table saws, miter saws, and electric wood milling machines; or push-type power tools such as push lawnmowers and push snowplows; or riding-type power tools such as riding lawnmowers and standing lawnmowers; or outdoor wheeled tools and outdoor electric vehicles such as multi-purpose garden tools and all-terrain vehicles; or robotic tools such as lawnmower robots and snowplow robots. In some embodiments, power tools powered by a battery pack include garden tools, such as pruning machines, hair dryers, chainsaws, etc.; or, they also include decorating tools, such as screwdrivers, nail guns, circular saws, sanders, etc.; or, they also include cleaning tools, such as hair dryers, snowplows, washers, etc.; or, they also include vegetation care tools, such as lawnmowers, lawn trimmers, pruning machines, etc.; or, they also include lights, fans, electric vehicles, etc. In some embodiments, power tools powered by a battery pack include sawing tools, such as jigsaws, reciprocating saws, circular saws, etc.; or, they also include drilling tools, such as electric drills, screwdrivers, wrenches, hammer drills, etc.; or, they also include grinding tools, such as angle grinders, sanders, etc.; or, they also include other tools, such as lights, fans, etc. It is understood that other electrical devices capable of being powered by a battery pack may also be included within the scope of the power tools described in this application.

[0099] Firstly, in one embodiment, this application proposes a battery pack 100, a power tool 200, and an adapter 300 including a first interface and a second interface. In addition to the first and second interfaces, an instruction receiving element is also provided. The direction of power transmission on the second interface is controlled based on the instruction transmitted by the instruction receiving element, so that the direction of power transmission on the second interface of the battery pack 100, the power tool 200, and the adapter 300 can be freely switched, which can flexibly cope with various different application scenarios.

[0100] refer to Figure 1 It shows a pair of battery packs 100 with a power tool having a power supply relationship. (Reference) Figure 2 , Figure 3A , Figure 3B The image shows a battery pack 100 as one embodiment. Figures 1 to 3BAs shown, the battery pack 100 includes a housing 140, a cell module 150, and a first interface 110. The housing 140 forms the main exterior of the battery pack 100, and its primary material can be engineering plastic. The first interface 110 and the second interface 120 (described later) can be disposed on the housing 140, and a receiving space is formed inside the housing 140. The cell module 150, as an energy storage module within the battery pack 100, is placed within the receiving space formed by the housing 140, and may include multiple cell units. Specifically, these cell units can be arranged into one or more cell groups according to a pre-designed series-parallel connection rule and arrangement, and fixed within the receiving space of the housing 140 by cell supports, etc. The specific number of cell units and the aforementioned series-parallel connection rule and arrangement can be set according to actual scenario requirements. In some embodiments, the cell unit can be a cylindrical battery, a prismatic battery, or a pouch battery. In some embodiments, the cell unit can be an aluminum-plastic film battery or a metal-cased battery. In some embodiments, the cell unit may be a unitab battery, a bitab battery, or a pluritab battery. In some embodiments, the cell unit may be a lithium iron phosphate cell or a ternary lithium cell. In some embodiments, the cell module 150 further includes heat dissipation components or protective components that fill the gaps between the cell unit and components such as the housing 140 and / or the cell support. These components may be solid or fluid and can improve heat dissipation, thermal runaway, and insulation of the cell module 150. In some embodiments, the housing 140 is a fully sealed housing 140, and the accommodating space is a sealed space.

[0101] Following the preceding text, the battery pack 100 can at least power a power tool. The first interface 110 is coupled to the power tool to supply power to it. The power tool's housing generally has a battery pack mounting portion. The battery pack mounting portion of the power tool powered by the battery pack 100 has an interface adapted to the first interface 110 to achieve direct electrical contact between the two, thereby realizing the transfer of electrical energy between the battery pack 100 and the power tool. In some embodiments, the same battery pack 100 is universal in various types of power tools, and the battery pack mounting portions of these various types of power tools have structurally consistent interfaces adapted to the first interface 110. In other embodiments, the battery pack 100 can be universal in a certain type of power tool. The aforementioned first interface 110, as the interface coupled to the power tool, may include a terminal assembly. The transmission of electrical energy and information between the battery pack 100 and the power tool reaches the other party through the terminal assembly. In some embodiments, the terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal, wherein electrical energy is transmitted through the positive and negative terminals, and data signals are transmitted through the data terminal.

[0102] It is understandable that the housing 140, the cell module 150 and the first interface 110 are only the basic components of the battery pack 100. The battery pack 100 may also include cell connecting pieces, circuit board assemblies, sensors, connecting lines, detection lines, etc. These will not be described in detail.

[0103] In this embodiment, the battery pack 100, in addition to the housing 140, the cell module 150, and the first interface 110, also includes a second interface 120 and a charging / discharging circuit 160. The second interface 120 is used to couple with other electrical devices, different from the power tools coupled to the first interface 110, thereby enabling at least power transfer with those devices. The coupling between the second interface 120 and other electrical devices can be direct or indirect, and can be contact-based or non-contact-based. Specifically, the electrical devices that can be coupled to the second interface 120 include, but are not limited to, power tools, battery packs, adapters, and smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and watches. To distinguish it from the power tools coupled to the first interface 110, the power tools coupled to the second interface 120 are referred to as the second power tools; to distinguish it from this battery pack 100, the battery pack coupled to the second interface 120 is referred to as the second battery pack.

[0104] The second interface 120 is another interface of the battery pack 100, different from the first interface 110. It differs from the first interface 110 at least in physical structure, including both mechanical and electrical characteristics. In some embodiments, the first interface 110 and the second interface 120 have different shapes. For example, the first interface 110 can be shaped to fit into the terminal block of the power tool battery pack mounting part, and its specific shape can be adapted to a specific tool, while the second interface 120 can be a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, and its shape should conform to the corresponding standard requirements.

[0105] In some embodiments, the second interface 120 is a USB Type-C interface. It is understood that USB interfaces come in various types, including but not limited to USB Type-A, USB Type-B, MiniUSB, and Micro USB interfaces. In this embodiment, the second interface 120 is a USB Type-C interface, which has a symmetrical front and back structure, making it easier for users to operate. The USB Type-C second interface 120 can transmit power and information under standards such as USB 3.1, USB 3.2, or USB 4.0. In some embodiments, the USB Type-C second interface 120 can also support the USB PD (USB Power Delivery) protocol, and the power transmission power on the second interface 120 can reach 240W.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second interface 120 may also be a wireless charging coil, and its coupling with the electrical device and the transfer of electrical energy between them may be contactless. Specifically, the wireless charging coil may be disposed on the inner wall of the battery pack 100 housing 140, for example, suspended or attached to a mounting plane on the inner wall of the battery pack 100 housing. The coupled electrical device is also provided with a wireless charging coil. When the part of the electrical device with the wireless charging coil is close to the part of the battery pack 100 housing 140 with the wireless charging coil, electrical energy can be transferred between the electrical device and the battery pack 100 through electromagnetic coupling between the coils. It should be noted that the term "charging" in the wireless charging coil described herein does not indicate the direction of electrical energy transmission; this name only indicates that wireless charging technology is used.

[0107] The second interface 120 can be implemented in various ways. The electrical device that couples with the second interface 120 to transmit power and information to the battery pack 100 has an interface adapted to the second interface 120. For example, the second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 can be a USB interface, and the electrical device can also have a USB interface; a connecting cable can also be used between the two. Alternatively, the second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 can be a wireless charging coil, and the electrical device can also have a wireless charging coil, with electromagnetic coupling between the two.

[0108] The charging / discharging circuit 160 can be connected to the second interface 120, the battery module 150, and the controller 170 (described later), respectively. Specifically, the charging / discharging circuit 160 can be connected between the second interface 120 and the battery module 150, and also connected to the controller 170. The charging / discharging circuit 160 can perform energy transfer controlled by the controller 170 between the battery module 150 and the second interface 120. It is understood that in this embodiment, when the charging / discharging circuit 160 performs charging, energy is supplied from the second interface 120 and transferred to the battery module 150; when the charging / discharging circuit 160 performs discharging, energy is supplied from the battery module 150 and transferred to the second interface 120. In some embodiments, the charging / discharging circuit 160 may include a charging circuit and a discharging circuit, which differ in at least some of their circuit components, while some circuit components may be shared. In some embodiments, the charging and discharging circuit 160 may include a voltage conversion unit, a rectification and filtering unit, etc., to perform corresponding conversion processing on the electrical energy from the second interface 120 or the cell module 150. In some embodiments, the charging and discharging circuit 160 is also connected to the first interface 110. Specifically, the charging and discharging circuit 160 may be connected between the first interface 110 and the cell module 150, and the charging and discharging circuit 160 also performs energy transfer between the cell module 150 and the first interface 110 under the control of the controller 170.

[0109] In addition, the battery pack 100 may also include an instruction receiving element 130 and a controller 170. The controller 170 includes a processor and a memory. The processor can call and run relevant logic programs stored in the memory to manage and control various functional tasks of the battery pack 100, such as charging and discharging. In some embodiments, the controller 170 includes, but is not limited to, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a MCU (Microcontroller Unit). Continuing from the preceding text, the controller 170 is connected to the charging / discharging circuit 160 and also to the instruction receiving element 130. The instruction receiving element 130 can receive instructions issued by the user and transmit these instructions to the controller 170. These instructions can indicate the direction of power transmission through the second interface 120. After receiving the instruction from the instruction receiving element 130, the controller 170 will control the charging / discharging circuit 160 based on the current instruction, thereby controlling the power transfer between the cell module 150 and the second interface 120. Specifically, the charging and discharging circuit 160 controlled by the controller 170 includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: enabling, direction switching, and power regulation.

[0110] In some embodiments, the instructions received and transmitted by the instruction receiving element 130 include any one of a power supply instruction, a charging instruction, and a bidirectional instruction. The power supply instruction indicates that the second interface 120 can only supply power to an external electrical device. The charging instruction indicates that the second interface 120 can only receive power from an external electrical device. The bidirectional instruction indicates that the second interface 120 can both supply and receive power from an external electrical device, and the direction of power transmission on the second interface 120 can be automatically switched. In some embodiments, the instructions transmitted by the instruction receiving element 130 may also include no instruction. When there is no instruction, the second interface 120 may be disabled; that is, if the instruction receiving element 130 does not receive an instruction, the second interface 120 may not transmit power.

[0111] Correspondingly, in some embodiments, when the controller 170 receives a power supply command relayed by the command receiving element 130, it can control the charging and discharging circuit 160 to discharge from the cell module 150 to the second interface 120, thereby supplying the electrical energy stored in the cell module 150 to other electrical devices coupled to the second interface 120. In some embodiments, the cell module 150 of the battery pack 100 can simultaneously supply power to other electrical devices coupled to it through the second interface 120 and to the power tool 200 coupled to it through the first interface 110, i.e., simultaneous discharge through both ports. In other embodiments, when the controller 170 receives a charging command relayed by the command receiving element 130, it can control the charging and discharging circuit 160 to charge the cell module 150 from the second interface 120, thereby supplementing the cell module 150 with electrical energy from other electrical devices through the second interface 120. In some embodiments, the cell module 150 of the battery pack 100 can simultaneously receive power from other electrical devices coupled thereto through the second interface 120 and supply power to the power tool 200 coupled thereto through the first interface 110, i.e., dual-port simultaneous charging and discharging.

[0112] In some embodiments, when the controller 170 receives a bidirectional command relayed by the command receiving element 130, it can determine the power supply relationship between the battery pack 100 and the electrical device currently coupled to the second interface 120 based on the electrical parameters on the second interface 120 or the communication information transmitted through the second interface 120. Then, it controls the charging / discharging circuit 160 to transfer power between the cell module 150 and the second interface 120. In still other embodiments, when the controller 170 does not receive a command relayed by the command receiving element 130, it can control the charging / discharging circuit 160 to neither supply power to nor receive power from the second interface 120, or adopt a more conservative charging or discharging strategy. For example, it can control the charging / discharging circuit 160 to supply power to the second interface 120 at a lower preset power value. The selection of the above-mentioned multiple instructions makes the power supply relationship between the battery pack 100 and other electrical devices more flexible. Users can use a relatively high-capacity battery pack 100 to power other electrical devices, or use other electrical devices to charge a relatively high-capacity battery pack 100 to quickly obtain a fully charged battery pack 100.

[0113] In some embodiments, the controller 170 has preset default logic. When no instruction is received from the instruction receiving element 130, this default logic can be executed to control the charging / discharging circuit 160. This default logic can directly specify the direction of power transmission on the second interface 120, as well as the voltage, current, and power levels. Alternatively, it can provide the controller 170 with indications and guidelines for determining the current direction of power transmission on the second interface 120 and the specific electrical parameters required for power transmission in that direction. In some embodiments, the default logic built into the controller 170 can also serve a protective function. When the received instruction from the instruction receiving element 130 conflicts with the electrical characteristics of the battery pack 100, the power tool coupled to the first interface 110, or other electrical devices coupled to the second interface 120 (e.g., undervoltage discharge, overvoltage charging), the controller can abandon controlling the charging / discharging circuit 160 according to the instruction and execute other charging / discharging strategies.

[0114] It is understood that in the above embodiments, when controlling and executing charging and discharging, the power receiving and receiving parties can confirm the direction of power transfer and specific electrical parameters, and then transfer power after reaching an agreement. This process involves information transmission between the power receiving party and the intermediary party, and this information can also be transmitted through the second interface 120.

[0115] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element 130 of the battery pack 100 is an operating element such as a button, knob, or touch screen disposed on the housing 140 of the battery pack 100. It can be operated by the user to send commands to the controller 170, as described above, indicating the power transmission direction on the second interface 120. In some embodiments, the buttons indicating different power transmission directions can be different, or they can be a common button. The current power transmission direction can change based on the number of times the button is pressed. In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element 130 can be reused on existing function buttons. Specifically, the instruction receiving element 130 can be reused on the power display button; that is, when the user presses the power display button, it simultaneously indicates the remaining power of the battery pack 100 and the currently selected power transmission direction on the second interface 120. For example, continuously pressing the power display button can switch the power transmission on the second interface 120 to different directions, and the battery pack 100 power level is displayed from the first press until it is turned off 5 seconds after the last press. Figure 4 As shown, when the power display button of the battery pack 100 is pressed, the power display is first illuminated. Then, the power transmission direction selected by the power display button is determined. Taking the issuance of a "power supply command" as an example, the controller 170 of the battery pack 100 will control the cell module 150 to supply power to external electrical equipment through the second interface 120. The controller 170 then performs duration and connection checks. After the power display has been active for 5 seconds, it is turned off. If no power tools or other electrical equipment are connected to the first and second interfaces 110 and 120, the battery pack 100 can enter sleep mode.

[0116] In other embodiments, the instruction receiving element 130 of the battery pack 100 is a wireless communication module, which can receive user settings from remote devices such as mobile phones and tablets, including information indicating the direction of power transmission on the second interface 120. The wireless communication module can then forward the corresponding instructions to the controller 170. The information interaction between the wireless communication module and the remote devices can be carried out in an IoT (Internet of Things) manner, specifically, it can be carried out under a local area network or under the Internet.

[0117] In some embodiments, the direction of power transmission on the currently selected second interface 120 can also be displayed using indicator lights or other indicators of different colors and / or positions to inform the user of the current direction of power transmission on the second interface 120 and avoid misjudgment. Continuing from the previous point, the power display button, which also functions as the command receiving element 130, can use different colored lights to indicate the power level while simultaneously indicating the direction of power transmission on the currently selected second interface 120.

[0118] In some embodiments, in addition to receiving and forwarding instructions indicating the direction of power transmission on the second interface 120, the instruction receiving element 130 can also receive and forward instructions indicating specific values ​​of electrical parameters such as current, voltage, and power under that power transmission direction.

[0119] It is understood that there are various possible implementation methods for the configuration of the instruction receiving element 130 and the specific method of receiving instructions. The above-mentioned buttons, knobs, touch screens, and wireless communication modules are only limited embodiments used for illustrative purposes.

[0120] In some embodiments, the controller 170 can also identify the type of electrical device or connection cable coupled to the second interface 120 and control the charging / discharging circuit 160 based on a charging / discharging strategy corresponding to the type of electrical device. In some embodiments, the charging / discharging strategy that can be used when the second interface 120 is coupled to the second battery pack may be different from the charging / discharging strategy that can be used when the second interface 120 is coupled to the second power tool. In some embodiments, the controller 170 can also refuse to transmit power and information to the electrical device or connection cable coupled to the second interface 120 if the device or connection cable does not meet preset connection requirements.

[0121] This application also analyzes the electrical characteristics of power transmission on the second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 as described in the above embodiments. Continuing from the foregoing, the battery pack 100 includes a housing 140, a cell module 150, and a first interface 110 for coupling to power tools, and also includes at least one second interface 120 for coupling to other electrical devices. The second interface 120 is a new interface of the battery pack 100 with a physical structure different from the first interface 110, the difference including at least a difference in shape. To enable the battery pack 100 to have better charge and discharge capabilities while maintaining portability, the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 to the weight of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 100 W / kg. In another dimension, to enable the battery pack 100 to have better charge and discharge capabilities while maintaining portability, the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 to the volume of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 100 W / dm². 3 .

[0122] The rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 is the power when the battery pack 100 continuously and stably transmits electrical energy through one second interface 120. However, the actual output power of the second interface 120 may fluctuate. In some cases, the rated output power is a calibrated value, i.e., the battery pack 100 is marked with rated voltage and rated power, etc. In other cases, the rated output power can be taken as the maximum or average value of the output power of the second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 when it operates continuously and stably over a period of time. It should be noted that the description here is the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100. When the battery pack 100 has multiple second interfaces 120, the ratio of the rated output power of each second interface 120 to the weight or volume of the battery pack 100 needs to be calculated separately. The volume of the battery pack 100 can be calculated based on the maximum value of the battery pack 100 in the vertical, horizontal, and front-back directions when it is placed horizontally. That is, the volume of the horizontally placed battery pack 100 is determined by considering its length, width, and height as a right parallelepiped. For example, a battery pack with a length, width, and height of 0.95 dm, 0.70 dm, and 0.62 dm respectively has a volume calculated to be 0.41 dm in this embodiment. 3 In some embodiments, the ratio of the rated output power of the single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 to the weight of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 120 W / kg. In some embodiments, the ratio of the rated output power of the single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 to the weight of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 150 W / dm. 3 .

[0123] In some embodiments, the first interface 110 includes a terminal assembly, which includes positive and negative terminals and a data terminal. The first interface 110 can be inserted into a terminal block on the battery pack mounting section of a power tool. In some embodiments, the second interface 120 is a USB interface. In one embodiment, the second interface 120 is a USB Type-C interface. In other embodiments, the second interface 120 is a wireless charging coil. In some embodiments, the second interface 120, which is a USB interface, also supports the USBPD protocol. In some embodiments, the direction of power transmission on the second interface 120 can be set by an operating device such as a button, knob, or touch screen on the battery pack 100 housing 140, or by an instruction receiving element 130 implemented in an IoT manner such as a wireless communication module.

[0124] When the second interface 120 is a USB interface, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 can be greater than or equal to 2.5W. In some embodiments, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of type USB can be greater than or equal to 5W and less than or equal to 240W. Optionally, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of type USB can be 5W, or 15W, or 27W, or 45W, or 60W, or 100W, or 240W.

[0125] When the second interface 120 is a wireless charging coil, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 can be greater than or equal to 5W. In some embodiments, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the type of wireless charging coil can be greater than or equal to 5W and less than or equal to 100W. Optionally, the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the type of wireless charging coil can be 15W, or 50W, or 65W.

[0126] In some embodiments, the capacity of the battery pack 100 described above is greater than or equal to 1.5 Ah. Optionally, the capacity of the battery pack 100 may be greater than or equal to 1.5 Ah and less than or equal to 24 Ah. In some embodiments, the charge / discharge voltage of the battery pack 100 described above is greater than or equal to 2.5 V. Optionally, the charge / discharge voltage of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 2.5 V and less than or equal to 25.2 V. Optionally, the charge / discharge voltage of the battery pack 100 is greater than or equal to 12 V and less than or equal to 60 V. In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 also includes protection logic that limits the power output on the second interface 120 when the power indication parameters of the battery pack 100, such as SOC, are lower than a preset lower threshold. In one embodiment, when the remaining power of the battery pack 100 is less than 20%, the power output on the second interface 120 is limited, specifically including, but not limited to, stopping the power output on the second interface 120 and limiting the output power on the second interface 120.

[0127] Referring to Table 1 below, it shows the ratio of the rated output power of a single second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 of this application to the overall weight or volume of the battery pack 100. In Table 1, the second interface 120 of the battery pack 100 is a USB interface.

[0128]

[0129] Table 1

[0130] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 The example shown is a power tool 200. Figures 1 to 6As shown, the power tool 200 includes a housing 240, a working head 250, a motor 280, and a first interface 210. The housing 240 forms the main external structure of the power tool 200. The first interface 210 and the second interface 220 (described later) can be disposed on the housing 240. The working head 250 is connected to and supported by the housing 240. An internal space is formed within the housing 240, within which components such as the motor 280 and the controller 270 (described later) can be placed. The working head 250 is the functional component in the power tool 200 that actually performs cutting, fastening, and grinding tasks; for example, it may include a saw blade, chain, or drill bit. The motor 280 is the prime mover in the power tool 200, providing power to the working head 250. The rotation of the motor 280 shaft can directly or indirectly drive the working head 250 through gears or other transmission components.

[0131] Simultaneously, the power tool 200 is also coupled to a battery pack via a first interface 210 to power the power tool 200 using the battery pack. Similar to the first interface 110 of the battery pack 100 described above, the first interface 210 of the power tool 200 may include a terminal assembly, which includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal for transmitting electrical energy and information to the battery pack coupled to the first interface 210. It is understood that the first interface 210 here is not the same as the first interface 110 of the battery pack 100 described above; the description is to distinguish between the two interfaces for the same device. In some cases, the first interface 110 of the battery pack 100 used to couple the power tool 200 and the first interface 210 of the power tool 200 used to couple the battery pack 100 are directly connected via a direct contact electrical connection. The power tool 200 may also contain a fan, sensors, circuit board assemblies, and related electronic circuitry, which will not be described in detail here.

[0132] In this embodiment, the power tool 200, in addition to the housing 240, working head 250, motor 280, and first interface 210, also includes a second interface 220 and a charging / discharging circuit 260. The second interface 220 couples with other electrical devices, different from the battery pack coupled to the first interface 210, to transmit electrical energy. The two devices can have a contact or non-contact electrical connection, for example, they can be electrically connected via a connecting wire. Specifically, the electrical device includes, but is not limited to, power tools, battery packs, adapters, and smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and watches. Similar to the previous embodiment, the second interface 220 is another interface of the power tool 200, different from the first interface 210, and differs from the first interface 210 at least in physical structure. For example, the first interface 210 is a terminal block on the battery pack mounting section for inserting the battery pack, while the second interface 220 is a USB interface. In some embodiments, the second interface 220 can be a USB Type-C interface. In some embodiments, the second interface 220, which is of type USB Type-C, can support the USB PD protocol. In other embodiments, the second interface 220 can be a wireless charging coil. In some embodiments, the second interface 220, which is of type wireless charging coil, can be attached, suspended, embedded, or disposed on the inner wall of the housing 240 of the power tool 200. The second interface 220 has various selectable implementation methods, and electrical devices that couple with the second interface 220 to transmit electrical power and information to the power tool 200 have an interface adapted to the second interface 220.

[0133] The charging / discharging circuit 260 is connected to the first interface 210, the second interface 220, and the controller 270 (described later). Specifically, the charging / discharging circuit 260 can be connected between the first interface 210 and the second interface 220, and is also connected to the controller 270. The charging / discharging circuit 260 can perform power transfer controlled by the controller 270 between the first interface 210 and the second interface 220. That is, the charging / discharging circuit 260 is controlled by the controller 270 to transfer power between the battery pack 100 coupled to the first interface 210 and the electrical device coupled to the second interface 220, or further to transfer power and information. When the charging / discharging circuit 260 performs charging, power is supplied from the second interface 220 and transmitted to the first interface 210, and then to the battery pack 100; when the charging / discharging circuit 260 performs discharging, power is supplied from the first interface 210 and transmitted to the second interface 220, that is, from the battery pack 100 to the second interface 220.

[0134] In addition, the power tool 200 also includes an instruction receiving element 230 and a controller 270. As previously described, the controller 270 is connected to the charging / discharging circuit 260 and also to the instruction receiving element 230. The instruction receiving element 230 is capable of receiving instructions indicating the battery transfer direction on the second interface 220 and transmitting them to the controller 270. Upon receiving the instruction from the instruction receiving element 230, the controller 270 controls the charging / discharging circuit 260 based on the current instruction, thereby controlling the transfer of electrical energy between the battery pack or the first interface 210 and the second interface 220. In some embodiments, the instructions received and transmitted by the instruction receiving element 230 include a power supply instruction, a charging instruction, a bidirectional instruction, and no instruction. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, when the controller 270 receives a power supply command relayed by the command receiving element 230, it can control the charging and discharging circuit 260 to discharge from the battery pack to the second interface 220, thereby supplying the electrical energy stored in the battery pack to other electrical devices coupled to the second interface 220 through the first interface 210, the charging and discharging circuit 260, and the second interface 220. In other embodiments, when the controller 270 receives a charging command relayed by the command receiving element 230, it can control the charging and discharging circuit 260 to charge the battery pack from the second interface 220, thereby replenishing the battery pack with electrical energy from other electrical devices through the second interface 220, the charging and discharging circuit 260, and the first interface 210. In still other embodiments, when the controller 270 receives a bidirectional command relayed by the command receiving element 230, it can independently determine and switch the direction of power transmission between the first interface 210 and the second interface 220 based on communication information transmitted on the second interface 220. In some embodiments, the controller 270 is provided with default logic. In the absence of an instruction received from the instruction receiving element 230, the default logic can be executed to control the charging and discharging circuit 260. The default logic can directly specify the direction and electrical parameters of power transmission on the second interface 220, or it can provide ideas and instructions for the controller 270 to determine and confirm the current direction and electrical parameters of power transmission on the second interface 220.

[0135] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element 230 of the power tool 200 is an operating component such as a button, knob, or touch screen disposed on the housing 240 of the power tool 200, which can be operated by the user to send various instructions described above to the controller 270. In other embodiments, the instruction receiving element 230 of the power tool 200 may also be a wireless communication module, which interacts with remote devices such as mobile phones and tablets in an IoT manner to receive and transmit the aforementioned various instructions to the controller 270.

[0136] For a detailed explanation of the components in the power tool 200, please refer to the relevant content on the battery pack 100 mentioned earlier. It will not be repeated here.

[0137] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 The example shown is an adapter 300. Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the adapter 300 includes a housing 340, a first interface 310, and a second interface 320. The housing 340 forms the main external structure of the adapter 300. The first interface 310 and the second interface 320 are disposed on the housing 340, and an internal space is formed within the housing 340. Components such as the charging / discharging circuit 360 and the controller 370, which will be described later, can be placed within this internal space. The first interface 310 can be coupled to a battery pack to charge it. The second interface 320 can be coupled to other electrical devices different from the battery pack to transfer power, or further, to transfer power and information. These electrical devices include, but are not limited to, power tools, battery packs, and smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and watches, all of which have interfaces compatible with the second interface 320 to facilitate the transfer of power and information. The first interface 310 includes a terminal assembly comprising positive and negative terminals and a data terminal. The second interface 320 has a different physical structure from the first interface 310; for example, the second interface 320 may be a USB interface. In some embodiments, the second interface 320 of the adapter 300 is a USB Type-C interface. In some embodiments, the USB Type-C second interface 320 also supports the USB PD protocol. In other embodiments, the second interface 320 is a wireless charging coil. In some embodiments, the wireless charging coil second interface 320 may be attached, suspended, embedded, or otherwise disposed on the inner wall of the housing 340 of the adapter 300.

[0138] In this embodiment, the adapter 300 further includes a charging / discharging circuit 360, a command receiving element 330, and a controller 370, which may be disposed or at least partially disposed within the receiving space formed by the housing 340. The charging / discharging circuit 360 may be connected between the first interface 310 and the second interface 320 and is also connected to the controller 370, which is also connected to the command receiving element 330. The command receiving element 330 receives a command indicating the direction of power transmission on the second interface 320 and transmits it to the controller 370. Based on the command, the controller 370 controls the charging / discharging circuit 360 to transfer power between the first interface 310 and the second interface 320. In some embodiments, the controller 370 receives a power supply command transmitted by the command receiving element 330 and can control the charging / discharging circuit 360 to discharge from the battery pack to the second interface 320, thereby supplying the electrical energy stored in the battery pack to other electrical devices coupled to the second interface 320 through the first interface 310, the charging / discharging circuit 360, and the second interface 320. In other embodiments, when the controller 370 receives a charging command relayed by the command receiving element 330, it can control the charging and discharging circuit 360 to charge the battery pack from the second interface 320, thereby supplementing the battery pack with electrical energy from other electrical devices through the second interface 320, the charging and discharging circuit 360, and the first interface 310. In still other embodiments, when the controller 370 receives a bidirectional command relayed by the command receiving element 330, it can automatically determine and switch the direction of power transmission between the first interface 310 and the second interface 320 based on communication information transmitted on the second interface 320. In some embodiments, the controller 370 has built-in default logic. When no command is received from the command receiving element 330, the controller 370 can execute the default logic to control the charging and discharging circuit 360. The default logic can directly specify the direction and electrical parameters of power transmission on the second interface 320, or it can provide ideas and instructions for the controller 370 to determine and confirm the current direction and electrical parameters of power transmission on the second interface 320.

[0139] In some embodiments, the instruction receiving element 330 of the adapter 300 is an operating component such as a button, knob, or touch screen disposed on the housing 340 of the adapter 300, which can be operated by the user to send instructions to the controller 370 indicating the direction of power transmission on the second interface 320. In other embodiments, the instruction receiving element 330 of the adapter 300 may also be a wireless communication module, which interacts with remote devices such as mobile phones and tablets in an IoT manner to receive and transmit the aforementioned instructions to the controller 370.

[0140] For a more detailed understanding of the components in adapter 300, please refer to the relevant content on battery pack 100 mentioned earlier.

[0141] In another embodiment of this application, an electrical power system or power tool system is also proposed, which includes at least two battery packs: a first battery pack 410 and a second battery pack 420. The first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 have a power-feeding relationship, and their power-feeding roles are not fixed. That is, in this embodiment, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420, used to power the power tool, can charge each other. The description of the components of the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 can be found in the preceding description of the battery pack 100, which includes at least a housing 140 as the main body of the exterior and a cell module 150 as an energy storage module, as well as an interface for coupling with the power tool and / or electrical equipment for power and information transmission.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 can be the same battery pack, that is, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 have the same physical structure, and their mechanical and electrical characteristics are the same. For example, they are battery packs of the same model. In other embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 can be different battery packs, that is, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 have different physical structures, and their mechanical and electrical characteristics are at least partially different. For example, the cell type, total capacity, cell voltage, nominal voltage, and interface shape, charging and discharging voltage, and charging and discharging current of the cell modules 150 of the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 are different.

[0143] refer to Figure 9 It illustrates a pair of battery packs that are powered via a USB Type-C interface and a USB Type-C cable. For example... Figure 9As shown, in the power system 400a, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 each have a USB Type-C interface 120. This USB Type-C interface 120 allows coupling with a device and the transmission of power and information to that device. When the power indicator parameter of the first battery pack 410 is greater than that of the second battery pack 420, power can be supplied from the USB Type-C interface 120 of the first battery pack 410 to the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 via the USB Type-C cable 430, thereby transferring power from the first battery pack 410 to the second battery pack 420. The first battery pack 410 is then configured to supply power. When the power indicator parameter of the first battery pack 410 is less than that of the second battery pack 420, electrical energy can be supplied from the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 to the USB Type-C interface 120 of the first battery pack 410 via the USB Type-C cable 430, thereby transferring power from the second battery pack 420 to the first battery pack 410. The first battery pack 410, as the executing entity, is then configured to receive power. In some embodiments, the USB Type-C interface 120 of the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420 supports the USB PD protocol.

[0144] In some embodiments, power transfer between battery packs is controlled by one of them. For example, the first battery pack 410 is the main controller, receiving communication information such as power indication parameters from the second battery pack 420 through the USB Type-C interface 120 and the USB Type-C cable 430. It reads its own local power indication parameters and compares them with the received power indication parameters of the second battery pack 420. Based on the comparison result, it controls its own power supply and directs the power supply of the second battery pack 420. In other embodiments, power transfer between battery packs 100 is carried out through mutual agreement. For example, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 transmit their own power indication parameters and other communication information to each other through the USB Type-C interface 120 and the USB Type-C cable 430. Each determines the relationship between the magnitudes of the power indication parameters of the other, and supplies power to the one with the larger power indication parameter value based on the logic that the one with the smaller value supplies power to the one with the smaller value. Each confirms its power receiving identity and supplies / receives power.

[0145] In some embodiments, the aforementioned power indication parameters may include voltage parameters such as SOC (State of Charge, remaining battery power), open-circuit voltage, and operating voltage. These cannot all be listed here, but parameters that characterize the current actual power supply capability of the battery pack can be transmitted between battery packs. In some embodiments, the aforementioned power indication parameters and other communication information may also be transmitted in other ways instead of via the USB Type-C interface 120 and USB Type-C cable 430.

[0146] Of course, the previously described method of setting the direction of power transmission on the USB Type-C interface 120 via buttons, knobs, touch screens, or other operating devices on the battery pack casing, or setting the direction of power transmission on the USB Type-C interface 120 via IoT, can also be incorporated into this embodiment to provide more flexible and diverse options. For example, if the SOC of the first battery pack 410 is higher than that of the second battery pack 420, the user may still want to use the second battery pack 420 to charge the first battery pack 410 to quickly obtain a fully charged battery pack.

[0147] refer to Figure 10 It illustrates a pair of battery packs that achieve a power-feeding relationship through a power tool. For example... Figure 10As shown, in the power tool system 400b, the first battery pack 410 has a power tool interface 110 that can be coupled to and supply power to the power tool 440, and the second battery pack 420 has a USB Type-C interface 120 that can be coupled to various electrical devices for power and information transmission. The power tool 440 has a first interface 210 coupled to the power tool interface 110 of the first battery pack 410, and a second interface 220 coupled to the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420. The coupling between the first interface 210 of the power tool 440 and the power tool interface 110 of the first battery pack 410 can be a direct contact electrical connection, encompassing structural connection significance. The coupling between the second interface 220 of the power tool 440 and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 can be a direct contact electrical connection, or an indirect electrical connection achieved through a connecting cable, etc. The aforementioned power tool interface 110, USB Type-C interface 120, first interface 210, and second interface 220 can be mounted on the housing of their respective devices. Power transfer between the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 is achieved through a power tool 440. Specifically, when the power stored in the cell module 150 of the first battery pack 410 is transferred to the cell module 150 of the second battery pack 420, it sequentially passes through the power tool interface 110 of the first battery pack 410, the first interface 210 of the power tool 440, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440, and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420; or sequentially through the power tool interface 110 of the first battery pack 410, the first interface 210 of the power tool 440, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440, the connecting cable, and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420. The process of transferring the electrical energy stored in the second battery pack 420 cell module 150 to the first battery pack 410 cell module 150 can be deduced in reverse, and will not be elaborated further.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first interface 210 of the power tool 440 includes a terminal assembly comprising positive and negative terminals and a data terminal. In one embodiment, the first interface 210 may be a terminal block of the battery pack mounting portion of the power tool 440. In some embodiments, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440 may be a USB interface. Specifically, the second interface 220 may be a UAB Type-A interface, a UAB Type-B interface, a UAB Type-C interface, a Micro USB interface, or a Mini USB interface. In cases such as when the second interface 220 is a USB interface, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440 and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 may be indirectly electrically connected via a connecting cable. In other cases, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440 and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 may also be directly electrically connected. For example, the second interface 220 of the power tool 440 may be configured as a male USB Type-C port, while the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 may be a female USB Type-C port.

[0149] In some embodiments, the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 also supports the USB PD protocol. In some embodiments, the second battery pack 420 may also have a power tool interface 110 coupled to power tools. In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 may also have an interface for coupling to other electrical devices, which may have a different physical structure from the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420, for example, a different type of USB interface.

[0150] In some embodiments, the power transfer between the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 can be based on default logic. This default logic can directly specify the direction and electrical parameters of the power transfer, or it can provide guidance and a framework for the controller to determine and confirm the direction and electrical parameters of the power transfer. Any one of the first battery pack 410, the second battery pack 420, and the power tool 440 can act as the master controller to execute the default logic and command other devices, or the first battery pack 410, the second battery pack 420, and the power tool 400 can jointly negotiate and execute the default logic. In addition to acting as an intermediary for power transmission, the power tool 440 also acts as an intermediary for information transmission, enabling the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420 to transmit communication information such as power indicator parameters to each other, thereby providing the necessary input parameters for the execution of the default logic.

[0151] In some embodiments, one or more of the first battery pack 410, the second battery pack 420, and the power tool 440 are provided with instruction receiving elements. Through operating devices such as buttons, knobs, and touch screens on the housing, or IoT components such as wireless communication modules inside the housing, instructions indicating the direction of power transfer can be received and transmitted to the relevant controller, so that the controller can switch the direction of power transfer between the power tool interface 110 of the first battery pack 410 and the USB Type-C interface 120 of the second battery pack 420 based on the instructions.

[0152] refer to Figure 11 It illustrates a pair of battery packs that are wirelessly charged. Figure 11 As shown, in the power system 400c, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 each have a power tool interface 110 and a wireless charging coil 120. The power tool interface 110 is disposed on the battery pack housing 140 and can be coupled to a power tool. The coupling between the power tool interface 110 and the power tool can be a direct contact electrical connection, enabling the battery pack 100 to supply power to the power tool. The wireless charging coil 120 can be disposed on the inner wall of the battery pack housing 140. The transfer of electrical energy between the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 occurs when their wireless charging coils are close to each other. Specifically, the wireless charging coils 120 in the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 are connected to the cell module 150. One of the two wireless charging coils acts as a transmitter, and the other acts as a receiver. The electrical energy stored in the cell module 150 connected to the coil is transferred through electromagnetic coupling between the coils.

[0153] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 each have a mounting surface for attaching, suspending, or embedding a wireless charging coil. This mounting surface can be a plane of the inner wall of one side of the battery pack 100 housing, such as the bottom inner wall, top inner wall, rear inner wall, front inner wall, left inner wall, or right inner wall of the battery pack housing 140. When the mounting surface of the first battery pack 410 approaches the mounting surface of the second battery pack 420, for example, when the housings containing the mounting surfaces of the two batteries are face to face, a transfer of electrical energy between the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 is triggered, or further transfer of electrical energy and information is carried out.

[0154] In some embodiments, the power transfer between the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 can be based on their respective power indication parameters. When the power indication parameter of the first battery pack 410 is greater than that of the second battery pack 420, the wireless charging coil 120 of the first battery pack 410 acts as a transmitting coil, and the wireless charging coil 120 of the second battery pack 420 acts as a receiving coil. The power stored in the cell module 150 of the first battery pack 410 is coupled from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil and then transferred to the cell module 150 of the second battery pack 420. Conversely, when the power indication parameter of the first battery pack 410 is less than that of the second battery pack 420, the wireless charging coil 120 of the second battery pack 420 acts as a transmitting coil, and the wireless charging coil 120 of the first battery pack 410 acts as a receiving coil. The power stored in the cell module 150 of the second battery pack 420 is coupled from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil and then transferred to the cell module 150 of the first battery pack 410. The aforementioned power indication parameters can be transmitted via coil coupling or other methods.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420 are provided with command receiving elements 130. For example, this could be a button, knob, or touchscreen on the battery pack housing 140 that allows the user to select the direction of power transmission; or a wireless communication module or other component within the battery pack that can receive commands via IoT. The power receiving status of the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420, and whether their wireless charging coils 120 function as transmitters or receivers, can be determined by the controller 170 based on the commands relayed by the command receiving elements 130. When both the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420 are provided with command receiving elements 130, the power transmission directions indicated by both should be consistent. If the directions are consistent, power transfer can proceed; if they are inconsistent, power transfer can be stopped, and a setting conflict should be reported.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420 are devices compliant with the WPC Qi (Wireless Power Consortium Qi) standard, meeting the relevant wireless charging parameter requirements under that standard. In some embodiments, the first battery pack 410 and / or the second battery pack 420, in addition to the power tool interface 110 and the wireless charging coil 120, also include a third interface with a physical structure different from that of the power tool interface 110 and the wireless charging coil 120. In some embodiments, the third interface can be a USB interface; in one embodiment, the third interface can be a USB Type-C interface.

[0157] The technical effects of this application include at least providing a battery pack, power tool, and power tool system that can meet more diverse and richer functional requirements and have more efficient and portable performance indicators.

[0158] The solutions and specific embodiments described above can be combined with each other without conflicting features to comprehensively optimize the battery pack, power tool, adapter, and power system and power tool system proposed in this application.

[0159] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising: case; The battery cell module is disposed within the housing; A first interface is configured to be coupled to a power tool to supply power to the power tool, the first interface including a terminal assembly; At least one second interface, having a different physical structure from the first interface, is configured to couple with and transmit electrical power to other electrical devices different from the power tool. characterized in that the ratio of the rated output power of a single said second interface to the weight of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / kg and / or the ratio of the rated output power of a single said second interface to the volume of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 100 W / dm 3 .

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The terminal assembly includes a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a data terminal.

3. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The second interface is a USB Type-C interface.

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein, The output power of the second interface is greater than or equal to 2.5W and less than or equal to 240W.

5. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The second interface is a wireless charging coil.

6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein, The output power of the second interface is greater than or equal to 5W and less than or equal to 100W.

7. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack has a capacity of 1.5Ah or greater.

8. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The charging and discharging voltage of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 2.5V.

9. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, When the remaining charge of the battery pack is less than or equal to 20%, the output power of the second interface is limited.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The direction of power transmission through the second interface can be set via a button on the housing or via IoT.

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