Numerically controlled lathe damping rotary tool

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of numerical control lathe tool, and particularly relates to a damping rotary tool for numerical control lathe. The present application comprises a fixed tool body and a rotary tool body. The fixed tool body is provided with cross-distributed equidistant scale lines and a positioning center hole on one end surface, and is provided with a fixed threaded hole on a side wall; the rotary tool body is provided with a mounting groove on one end to fix the tool body, and is provided with a positioning rotary shaft and matched cross equidistant scale lines on the other end, and is provided with a buffer damping groove on a surface. The positioning rotary shaft is coaxially connected with the positioning center hole, the rotary tool body can rotate 180 degrees around the axis and is locked and positioned through a fastening bolt. The mounting groove can replace rough machining, fine machining and thread blade. The fixed tool body is provided with a cooling liquid channel at a front end. The present application absorbs vibration through the buffer damping groove to inhibit tool jumping; multi-angle high-precision switching is realized through rotary positioning; a plurality of tool bodies are integrated to reduce tool changing frequency, tool changing time is reduced, processing efficiency is improved, and clamping error is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of CNC lathe tool technology, specifically relating to a vibration-damping rotary tool for CNC lathes. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of large worm gears, internal and external threads, and deep grooves, traditional cutting tools have significant drawbacks. Due to large fluctuations in cutting force during machining, the tool is prone to resonance, leading to frequent tool breakage. This not only accelerates tool wear but also severely affects the surface roughness and reduces finished product quality. Furthermore, existing cutting tools have a limited structure; only one type of tool body can be mounted on the same tool holder. Roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing require changing different tools in stages. Frequent tool changes are not only time-consuming and inefficient but also introduce errors through repeated clamping, affecting machining accuracy. Especially when machining large workpieces, tool changing can be difficult due to machine space limitations, further restricting production efficiency.

[0003] Existing CNC lathe tools, while attempting to reduce vibration through optimized tool materials or the addition of damping structures, have failed to effectively address the challenges of multi-process integrated machining and rapid angle adjustments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rotary tool capable of integrating multiple cutting functions, reducing tool changes, and possessing active vibration damping capabilities to meet the demands of high-efficiency, high-precision machining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of limited cutting functions, frequent tool changes, lack of active vibration damping, low processing efficiency, and low precision in existing CNC lathe tools, this invention proposes a vibration-damping rotary tool for CNC lathes, comprising: a fixed tool body with four equidistant scale lines evenly distributed in a cross shape on one end face, namely: fixed tool body equidistant scale start line A, second fixed tool body equidistant scale line B, fixed tool body equidistant scale end line C, and fourth fixed tool body equidistant scale line D; a fixed tool body positioning center hole is provided at one end of the fixed tool body, and a fixed tool body fixing thread hole is provided on the side wall;

[0005] A rotating tool body has a mounting groove at one end, on which a turning tool body is fixedly mounted by a turning tool fastening bolt. A rotating tool body positioning axis is located at the other end. Four equidistant scale lines, arranged in a cross shape, are provided on one end face of the positioning axis: a, b, c, and d, respectively, which correspond to the four equidistant scale lines on the fixed tool body. The surface of the rotating tool body is provided with a buffer and shock-absorbing groove.

[0006] The rotating blade positioning axis is coaxially connected to the fixed blade positioning center hole. The rotating blade can rotate 180° around its axis so that the rotating blade scale reference line a coincides with the fixed blade equidistant scale termination line C.

[0007] The centerline of the fixed tool body positioning center hole, the centerline of the rotating tool body positioning axis, the centerline of the mounting groove, and the height of the cutting edge of the cutting tool body are coplanar;

[0008] The fastening bolt passes through the fixed threaded hole of the fixed tool body to lock the rotating tool body, ensuring that the rotating tool body does not move during the machining process.

[0009] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration damping rotary tool, the buffer damping groove is an arc-shaped groove, symmetrically distributed along the axis of the rotary tool body, and its depth is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the positioning rotary shaft of the rotary tool body.

[0010] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the end of the rotary tool body positioning rotary shaft is provided with a tapered pin hole, which cooperates with the threaded taper pin provided on the fixed tool body sleeve for locking.

[0011] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the mounting groove has two fixing threaded holes at each of its upper and lower ends for fixing different tool bodies at multiple angles.

[0012] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the included angle between any two adjacent scale lines of the four fixed tool bodies equidistant scale lines is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°; the included angle between any two adjacent scale lines of the four rotary tool bodies equidistant scale lines is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°.

[0013] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the tool body is a replaceable module, including roughing inserts, finishing inserts, and threading inserts.

[0014] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the fastening bolt surface is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the preload torque is 20-30 N·m.

[0015] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the contact surface between the rotary tool body and the fixed tool body is provided with a carbide insert to reduce frictional loss.

[0016] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, the taper of the screw tail taper pin is 1:10, and the pin body surface is provided with anti-loosening threads.

[0017] According to the above-described CNC lathe vibration-damping rotary tool, a coolant channel is provided at the front end of the fixed tool body, and the outlet of the coolant channel is aligned with the cutting edge of the tool body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The buffer and damping groove on the rotating cutter body of the present invention can effectively absorb cutting vibration, suppress resonance and tool breakage, extend tool life and improve surface roughness.

[0020] 2. The fixed tool body and the rotating tool body of the present invention adopt a hole-shaft mating structure. By rotating the tool body 180° and cooperating with the fastening bolts for quick positioning, it is ensured that the cutting edge height of the tool, the center line of the mounting groove and the center line of the fixed tool body are always coplanar, so as to achieve high-precision switching of different machining angles.

[0021] 3. The mounting slot of this invention allows for flexible replacement of various types of cutting tool bodies. Combined with Z-axis tool compensation and spindle rotation adjustment, the same tool can complete end face machining in three directions. Roughing and finishing needs can be met without tool changing, making it particularly suitable for complex processes such as worm gears and deep grooves.

[0022] This design not only reduces tool change time by about 70%, but also reduces clamping errors through an integrated structure, improving machining efficiency by more than 40%, while significantly reducing tool wear and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a partial sectional view of the main view of a structural schematic diagram of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of a schematic diagram of the rotating tool body of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structural schematic diagram of the rotating tool body of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a left view of the structural schematic diagram of the rotating tool body of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a sectional view of the front view of a structural schematic diagram of the fixed tool body of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a right view of a structural schematic diagram of the fixed tool body of a vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Fixed cutter body, 2-Rotating cutter body, 3-Fasting bolt, 11-Fixed cutter body equidistant scale line, 12-Fixed cutter body fixing threaded hole, 13-Fixed cutter body positioning center hole, 21-Rotating cutter body equidistant scale line, 22-Buffer and shock absorption groove, 23-Rotating cutter body positioning rotating shaft, 24-Mounting groove, 25-Fixed threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Preferred Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown: A vibration-damping rotary tool for CNC lathe includes: a fixed tool body 1, on one end face of which are four equally spaced fixed tool body scale lines 11 arranged in a cross shape, namely: fixed tool body equidistant scale start line A, second fixed tool body equidistant scale line B, fixed tool body equidistant scale end line C, and fourth fixed tool body equidistant scale line D. A fixed tool body positioning center hole 13 is provided at one end of the fixed tool body 1, and a fixed tool body fixing thread hole 12 is provided on the side wall.

[0033] A rotating cutter body 2 has a mounting groove 24 at one end, on which a cutting tool body is fixedly mounted by a cutting tool fastening bolt. A rotating cutter body positioning shaft 23 is located at the other end. Four equidistant rotating cutter body scale lines 21, arranged in a cross shape, are provided on one end face of the rotating cutter body positioning shaft 23: a rotating cutter body scale reference line a, a second rotating cutter body equidistant scale line b, a third rotating cutter body equidistant scale line c, and a fourth rotating cutter body equidistant scale line d, which respectively match the four equidistant scale lines 11 on the fixed cutter body. A buffer and shock-absorbing groove 22 is provided on the surface of the rotating cutter body 2.

[0034] The rotating shaft 23 for positioning the rotating cutter body is coaxially connected to the positioning center hole 13 of the fixed cutter body. The rotating cutter body 2 can rotate 180° around its axis so that the scale reference line a of the rotating cutter body coincides with the equidistant scale termination line C of the fixed cutter body.

[0035] The centerline of the fixed tool body positioning center hole 13, the centerline of the rotating tool body positioning axis 23, the centerline of the mounting groove 24, and the height of the cutting edge of the cutting tool body are coplanar;

[0036] The fastening bolt 4 passes through the fixed tool body fixing thread hole 12 of the fixed tool body 1 to lock the rotating tool body 2, ensuring that the rotating tool body 2 has no displacement during the machining process.

[0037] The buffer and shock absorption groove 22 is an arc-shaped groove, symmetrically distributed along the axis of the rotating cutter body 2, and its depth is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the rotating shaft 23 of the rotating cutter body.

[0038] The rotating blade body 2 has a tapered pin hole at the end of its rotating blade positioning shaft 23, which engages with the threaded tapered pin on the fixed blade body sleeve 1 for locking.

[0039] The mounting slot 24 has two fixing threaded holes 25 at each of its upper and lower ends for fixing different cutting tool bodies at multiple angles.

[0040] The included angle between any two adjacent graduation lines of the four fixed cutter bodies equidistant graduation lines 11 is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°; the included angle between any two adjacent graduation lines of the four rotating cutter bodies equidistant graduation lines 21 is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°.

[0041] The tool body is a replaceable module, including roughing inserts, finishing inserts, and threading inserts.

[0042] The surface of the fastening bolt 3 is coated with a wear-resistant coating, and the pre-tightening torque is 20-30 N·m.

[0043] The contact surface between the rotating cutter body 2 and the fixed cutter body 1 is provided with a carbide insert to reduce frictional loss.

[0044] The taper of the screw tail is 1:10, and the surface of the pin body is provided with anti-loosening threads.

[0045] A coolant channel is provided at the front end of the fixed tool body 1, and the outlet of the coolant channel is aligned with the cutting edge of the cutting tool body.

[0046] Assembly and installation:

[0047] Step 1: Install the fixed tool body 1 onto the CNC lathe turret through the fixed tool body positioning center hole 13, ensuring that its axis is coaxial with the machine tool spindle.

[0048] Step 2: Insert the rotating shaft 23 of the rotating cutter body 2 into the fixed cutter body positioning center hole 13 of the fixed cutter body 1, and rotate the cutter body 2 so that the rotating cutter body scale reference line a is aligned with the fixed cutter body equidistant scale starting line A.

[0049] Step 3: Screw in the fastening bolt 3 through the fixed threaded hole 12 of the fixed blade body and apply a torque of 25 N·m to lock it in place.

[0050] Tool angle adjustment

[0051] When changing the machining direction, loosen the fastening bolt 3, rotate the tool body 2 to the target scale line, such as rotating it 90° or 180°, so that the rotating tool body scale reference line a is aligned with the fixed tool body equidistant scale termination line C. After re-tightening the fastening bolt 3, adjust the tool compensation value of the CNC system, such as Z-axis offset ±0.05mm / scale, and switch the spindle rotation to start machining in the new direction.

[0052] Tool body replacement

[0053] Loosen the tool fastening bolts at the top and bottom of the mounting slot 24, remove the original turning tool body, and replace it with a roughing insert or a threading insert. Ensure that the cutting edge height of the tool body is aligned with the center line of the mounting slot, and tighten the tool fastening bolts to a torque of 20 N·m.

[0054] Vibration reduction and processing optimization

[0055] The damping groove 22 absorbs vibrations through elastic deformation during cutting. If resonance is significant when machining deep grooves, the angle of the rotating tool body 2 can be finely adjusted to the adjacent scale line of the equidistant scale line 21 on the rotating tool body to change the tool's natural frequency. At the same time, the coolant channel of the fixed tool body 1 is opened to reduce the cutting temperature.

[0056] Example:

[0057] When machining large worm gears, the finishing insert is clamped for the first time, and the tool body is rotated to the 0° mark to complete the right-side thread cutting. After completion, the bolt is loosened, the tool body is rotated 180°, the Z-axis offset is adjusted to -0.10mm, and the spindle is reversed to directly machine the left-side thread. No tool change is required throughout the process, the surface roughness reaches Ra1.6μm, and the machining efficiency is improved by 50%.

[0058] maintain

[0059] Regularly check the wear of the fixed cutter body 1 and the rotating cutter body 2, and add grease every 500 hours; if the buffer and shock absorption groove 22 cracks, the rotating cutter body 2 needs to be replaced.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping rotary tool for CNC lathes, characterized in that, include: The fixed blade body (1) has four equidistant scale lines (11) evenly distributed in a cross shape on one end face, namely: the starting line of the equidistant scale of the fixed blade body A, the second equidistant scale line B, the ending line of the equidistant scale of the fixed blade body C, and the fourth equidistant scale line D. The fixed blade body (1) has a fixed blade body positioning center hole (13) at one end and a fixed blade body fixing thread hole (12) on the side wall. A rotating cutter body (2) has a mounting groove (24) at one end and a cutting tool body fixed thereon by a cutting tool fastening bolt. A rotating cutter body positioning shaft (23) is provided at the other end. Four equidistant scale lines (21) of the rotating cutter body are evenly distributed in a cross shape on one end face of the rotating cutter body positioning shaft (23): namely: rotating cutter body scale reference line a, second rotating cutter body equidistant scale line b, third rotating cutter body equidistant scale line c, and fourth rotating cutter body equidistant scale line d, which are matched with the four fixed cutter body equidistant scale lines (11) respectively. A buffer damping groove (22) is provided on the surface of the rotating cutter body (2). The rotating shaft (23) of the rotating blade is coaxially connected to the center hole (13) of the fixed blade. The rotating blade (2) can rotate 180° around its axis so that the scale reference line a of the rotating blade coincides with the equidistant scale termination line C of the fixed blade. The center line of the fixed tool body positioning center hole (13), the center line of the rotating tool body positioning rotation axis (23), the center line of the mounting groove (24), and the height of the cutting edge of the cutting tool body are coplanar; The fastening bolt (3) passes through the fixed tool body fixing thread hole (12) of the fixed tool body (1) to lock the rotating tool body (2) and ensure that the rotating tool body (2) has no displacement during the processing.

2. The vibration-damping rotary tool for CNC lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer and shock-absorbing groove (22) is an arc-shaped groove, symmetrically distributed along the axis of the rotating cutter body (2), and its depth is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the rotating shaft (23) of the rotating cutter body.

3. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating blade (2) has a tapered pin hole at the end of its rotating blade positioning shaft (23), which engages with the screw tail tapered pin on the fixed blade (1) for locking.

4. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting groove (24) has two fixing threaded holes (25) at each of its upper and lower ends for fixing different cutting tool bodies at multiple angles.

5. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle between any two adjacent scale lines of the four fixed cutter body equidistant scale lines (11) is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°; the included angle between any two adjacent scale lines of the four rotating cutter body equidistant scale lines (21) is 90°, with an accuracy of <0.1°.

6. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting tool body is a replaceable module, including roughing inserts, finishing inserts, and threading inserts.

7. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fastening bolt (3) is coated with a wear-resistant coating and has a pre-tightening torque of 20-30 N·m.

8. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The contact surface between the rotating cutter body (2) and the fixed cutter body (1) is provided with a hard alloy insert to reduce frictional loss.

9. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The taper of the screw tail is 1:10, and the surface of the pin body is provided with anti-loosening threads.

10. A vibration-damping rotary tool for a CNC lathe according to claim 9, characterized in that: The front end of the fixed tool body (1) is provided with a coolant channel, and the outlet of the coolant channel is aligned with the cutting edge of the tool body.

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