A removable thermal and sound insulation formwork

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of formworks of exempting from to tear heat preservation sound insulation, it relates to building component technical field, comprising: formwork main body, formwork main body is by base layer concrete, heat preservation material layer, sound insulation material layer and mesh cloth mortar reinforcing layer composition;Base layer concrete is arranged on the side of heat preservation material layer, first steel bar truss and second steel bar truss that are mutually parallel are equipped in base layer concrete;Sound insulation material layer is adjacent with base layer concrete arrangement;The surface of both sides of heat preservation material layer is covered with mesh cloth mortar reinforcing layer;The formwork main body is by anchoring piece and is anchored to the inside of base layer concrete with the heat preservation material layer of its penetration;The utility model is combined by exempting from to tear formwork and base layer concrete using cast-in-place bonding and pre-buried special anchor bolt anchoring mode, first from the same body pouring structure of base layer concrete, sound insulation material layer and heat preservation material layer, eliminate traditional layered interface sound wave leakage passage, sound insulation material layer centrally arranged effective blocking sound bridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building component technology, specifically a non-removable heat-insulating and sound-insulating template. Background Technology

[0002] With the mandatory implementation of green building standards and building sound insulation codes, building envelopes must simultaneously meet the dual requirements of thermal insulation and energy saving, as well as noise control. Traditional exterior wall and floor slab construction typically employs a layered construction process.

[0003] The process of first constructing the insulation material layer and then laying the additional sound insulation pad is complicated and prolongs the construction period. Furthermore, the layer interface is prone to hollowing, and the sound insulation material layer may shift due to the lack of effective fixation, resulting in a decrease in the measured sound insulation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a formwork that does not require dismantling for insulation and soundproofing, integrating insulation, soundproofing, and crack resistance, and allowing for construction without dismantling the formwork, thus fundamentally solving the aforementioned technical contradictions. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing technologies, this utility model provides a non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art. This utility model provides the following technical solution, including: a template body, which is composed of a base concrete layer, a thermal insulation material layer, a sound insulation material layer, and a mesh mortar reinforcement layer;

[0006] The base concrete is set on one side of the insulation material layer, and the base concrete is provided with a first steel truss and a second steel truss that are parallel to each other.

[0007] The sound insulation material layer is disposed adjacent to the base concrete;

[0008] Both sides of the insulation material layer are covered with a mesh cloth mortar reinforcement layer.

[0009] The template body is anchored to the base concrete by anchors penetrating its insulation material layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the insulation material layer material is a Class A fire-resistant nano-plastic isolation insulation board, a thermosetting modified polystyrene insulation board, a high-density glass wool board with a waterproof layer, a Class B fire-resistant EPS polystyrene board, an XPS extruded board, or a self-adhesive rubber and plastic board with aluminum foil.

[0011] Furthermore, the sound insulation material layer is made of damping sound insulation felt, electronically cross-linked polyethylene vibration damping and sound insulation pad, polyurethane rubber vibration damping and sound insulation pad, or sound-absorbing cotton.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor is a special anchor for exterior walls, which includes a connecting rod and a first fixing component disposed on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor is a floor-specific anchor bolt, which includes a connecting rod and a second fixing component disposed on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the mesh mortar reinforcement layer includes an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh and a crack-resistant mortar layer, wherein the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh is disposed in the crack-resistant mortar layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the first fixing component is a barbed edge structure with different spacing arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod;

[0016] Furthermore, the second fixing component is a barbed groove structure with different thicknesses arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod;

[0017] Furthermore, the outer end of the connecting rod is provided with a tensile cap, and the tensile cap is located between the first steel truss and the second steel truss;

[0018] Furthermore, the anchor is a self-tapping bolt, and a fixing member is provided on the outer side of the end of the self-tapping bolt. The fixing member is in the shape of a "Z" and is located between the first steel truss and the second steel truss.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are:

[0020] This utility model pioneers a unique integrated casting structure that combines the base concrete, sound insulation material layer, and thermal insulation material layer into a single structure. This structure eliminates the sound wave leakage channels at the traditional layered interface. The sound insulation material layer is centrally located to effectively block sound bridges, achieving comprehensive improvements in sound insulation, thermal insulation, and fire resistance, while shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the special anchor bolt for floor slabs according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the special anchor bolt for exterior walls according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the self-tapping bolt and fixing component of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base concrete; 11. First steel truss; 12. Second steel truss; 2. Thermal insulation layer; 3. Sound insulation layer; 41. Special anchor bolts for exterior walls; 42. Special anchor bolts for floor slabs; 43. Self-tapping bolts; 5. Alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh; 6. Crack-resistant mortar layer; 7. Tensile cap; 8. Fixing components. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The technical solution provided by this utility model is: a formwork that does not require disassembly and provides thermal insulation and sound insulation, comprising a formwork body, which is composed of a base concrete 1, a thermal insulation material layer 2, a sound insulation material layer 3, and a mesh cloth mortar reinforcement layer;

[0028] The insulation material layer 2 is located on one side of the base concrete 1. The base concrete 1 contains a first steel truss 11 and a second steel truss 12 that are parallel to each other. The base concrete 1 can be installed on the outside of the insulation material layer 2 by on-site pouring. Before pouring the concrete, the strong connection between the base concrete 1 and the whole is enhanced by setting two sets of first steel trusses 11 and second steel trusses 12 that are parallel to each other. It can also be combined with prefabricated PC composite panels. In the PC component factory, it is first used as a template at the bottom of the composite panel and then prefabricated together, or placed on the bottom side of the steel truss floor deck.

[0029] The sound insulation material layer is arranged adjacent to the base concrete. In this embodiment, the sound insulation material layer 3 is arranged between the base concrete 1 and the thermal insulation material layer 2. The sound insulation material layer 3 is tightly bonded to the base concrete 1 by cast-in-place and is firmly anchored to the structure by a large number of anchor bolts, thus completely eliminating the risk of hollowing at the delamination interface.

[0030] The insulation material layer 2 can be made of Class A fire-resistant nano-plastic isolation insulation board, thermosetting modified polystyrene insulation board, high-density glass wool board with waterproof layer, Class B fire-resistant EPS polystyrene board, XPS extruded board, or self-adhesive rubber and plastic board with aluminum foil. In this embodiment, a high-density insulation material with built-in waterproof function is used, such as waterproof glass wool, or a waterproof layer is laid on the glass wool board or a layer of waterproof adhesive is sprayed to prevent water from penetrating into the insulation material layer 2 when pouring concrete.

[0031] The sound insulation material layer 3 can be made of damping sound insulation felt, electronic cross-linked polyethylene vibration damping and sound insulation pad, or polyurethane rubber vibration damping and sound insulation pad. By setting the surface of the sound insulation material layer 3 to an uneven shape, it is easier to increase the contact surface with the base concrete 1 and enhance the sound insulation effect.

[0032] Both sides of the thermal insulation material layer 2 are covered with a mesh mortar reinforcement layer; the mesh mortar reinforcement layer includes an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 5 and a crack-resistant mortar layer 6, wherein the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 5 is set in the crack-resistant mortar layer 6; during construction, the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 5 is laid first, and then the crack-resistant mortar layer 6 is applied to save materials. After the crack-resistant mortar layer 6 dries, the sound insulation material layer 3 is then attached with adhesive and allowed to dry to enhance the firmness of the connection.

[0033] In this embodiment, the template body is anchored to the interior of the base concrete 1 by anchors that pass through the thermal insulation material layer 2 and the sound insulation material layer 3 in sequence; the anchors are used to ensure the tensile strength and interlayer constraint of the template body.

[0034] The anchors include external wall anchors 41 and floor slab anchors 42, made of nylon or metal. Both include a connecting rod for embedding into the base concrete 1, and a fixing component located on the outside of the connecting rod for mechanical engagement with the concrete to provide pull-out resistance. The anchor density is ≥6 anchors / ㎡. The anchor length is selected according to the insulation board thickness and the expected embedding depth in the concrete to ensure embedding in the concrete ≥25mm.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, when this template is used as a thermal insulation and soundproof floor deck, the anchors are floor-specific anchor bolts 42. The first fixing component is a barbed edge structure with different spacing set along the axial direction of the connecting rod; the upper part is dense and the lower part is sparse, with umbrella-shaped barbed buckles to prevent it from falling before the concrete solidifies and to enhance the gripping force of the concrete.

[0036] In this preferred embodiment, when used for thermal insulation and soundproof floor decking, to enhance the strength of the formwork and the adhesion during plastering, the bottom layer of the floor deck is made of 8mm-12mm high-density calcium silicate board as the base plate. From top to bottom, the layers are: base concrete 1, sound insulation material layer 3, thermal insulation material layer 2, and calcium silicate board. The layers are connected with adhesive. On-site, self-tapping screws are used to penetrate the calcium silicate board, thermal insulation material layer 2, and sound insulation material layer 3 and fix them to the second steel truss 12 of the floor deck, or steel plates are used for fixing. The position of the steel plates should be more than 15mm above the horizontal plane of the second steel truss 12. The bottom edge of the calcium silicate board is pre-roughened, and an inverted V-shaped oblique opening is provided at the joint between two calcium silicate boards. This is used after concrete pouring and before fine decoration. The joint is smoothed with mesh cloth and crack-resistant mortar to prevent cracking at the joint.

[0037] Similarly, please refer to Figure 2When this template is used as a thermal insulation and soundproof exterior wall template, it adopts a special anchor bolt 41 for exterior walls. Its second fixing component is a barbed groove structure with different thicknesses set along the axial direction of the connecting rod. It is used to improve resistance to horizontal pull-out force and dynamic stress adaptation. The anchor bolt is installed on the outside of the thermal insulation material layer 2. The anchor bolt specification and length are selected according to the thickness of the thermal insulation material layer 2 and the expected embedding depth in the concrete. For the outside of the thermal insulation material layer 2, which is the final finishing surface, paint finishing, metal surface decorative layer, pasted facing bricks or dry-hanging stone can be directly applied to its alkali-resistant mesh and crack-resistant mortar layer 6.

[0038] In this preferred embodiment, the outer end of the connecting rod is also provided with a tensile cap 7 made of the same material as the anchor. During construction, the tensile cap 7 is first fastened to the outer end of the connecting rod anchoring end of the external wall anchor 41 and the floor slab anchor 42 by threaded connection or snap fastener. The tensile cap 7 is set between the first steel truss 11 and the second steel truss 12 to enhance the tensile strength. By pouring the tensile cap 7 into the base concrete 1, the overall tensile strength is improved. If this template is used on both the inner and outer sides during the construction of the external wall, the tensile cap 7 of the anchor heads on the opposite side of the two templates can be tightened and fixed with plastic cable ties.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the anchor in this embodiment can also be a stainless steel countersunk self-tapping bolt 43, and a fixed bracket 8 in the shape of a "Z" bolt connected to the outer side of the end of the self-tapping bolt 43. The fixed bracket 8 is located between the first steel truss 11 and the second steel truss 12, and extends 15mm beyond the second steel truss 12. The material of the fixed bracket 8 is galvanized or stainless steel, with a thickness of 1mm-2mm. The single leg of the fixed bracket 8 has an unfolded length of 30mm-60mm and a width of 15mm-50mm. Before pouring concrete, the fixed bracket 8 will be placed perpendicular to the second steel truss 12. The fixed bracket 8 can also be replaced by a steel plate with reinforcing ribs on the surface, with a thickness of 1mm-2mm, to increase strength.

[0040] This utility model, through a multi-layer composite structure combined with a template-free design, simplifies the construction process and reduces overall costs while achieving excellent sound insulation and thermal insulation performance. It fully meets the dual requirements of energy conservation, environmental protection, and residential comfort in new buildings. The thermal insulation layer 2 is effectively fixed to the base concrete 1 through pre-embedded anchors and the sound insulation layer 3, greatly reducing the risk of displacement and detachment. The sound insulation layer 3 is tightly bonded to the base concrete 1 and firmly anchored to the structure through numerous anchors, completely eliminating the risk of delamination at the interface. The sound insulation layer 3 is centrally positioned to effectively block sound bridges; the pre-embedded depth and density of the anchors ensure reliable anchoring; double-sided mesh and crack-resistant mortar provide excellent impact and crack resistance. Template installation, anchoring, and base concrete 1 pouring are completed in one step, eliminating the need for additional sound insulation pad laying and external insulation construction procedures, significantly shortening the construction cycle of the main exterior wall and thermal insulation / sound insulation, and saving labor costs. This forms a high-strength exterior wall enclosure structure integrating the structural base concrete 1, the sound insulation layer 3, and the thermal insulation layer 2. Compared to traditional step-by-step construction, it offers more stable and superior sound insulation performance, more reliable fixation of the second layer of insulation material, and meets fire protection requirements. It simplifies the construction process, shortens the construction period, and reduces overall costs.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template, characterized in that, Comprising: A template body, which consists of a base concrete layer (1), a thermal insulation material layer (2), a sound insulation material layer (3) and a fiberglass mesh mortar reinforcement layer; The base concrete layer (1) is disposed on one side of the thermal insulation material layer (2), and mutually parallel first steel bar trusses (11) and second steel bar trusses (12) are provided inside the base concrete layer (1); The sound insulation material layer (3) is disposed adjacent to the base concrete layer (1); Both side surfaces of the thermal insulation material layer (2) are covered with fiberglass mesh mortar reinforcement layers; The template body is penetrated by anchor fasteners through its thermal insulation material layer (2) and is anchored and connected to the inside of the base concrete layer (1).

2. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the thermal insulation material layer (2) is an A-level fireproof sodium plastic isolation type thermal insulation board, a thermosetting modified polystyrene thermal insulation board, a high-density glass wool board with a waterproof layer, a B-level fireproof EPS polystyrene board, an XPS extruded board or a self-adhesive aluminum foil rubber and plastic board.

3. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the sound insulation material layer (3) is a damping sound insulation felt, an electron cross-linked polyethylene shock-absorbing and sound-insulating pad, a polyurethane rubber shock-absorbing and sound-insulating pad or a sound-absorbing cotton.

4. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor fastener is a special external wall anchor bolt (41), and the special external wall anchor bolt (41) includes a connecting rod and a first fixing component disposed on the outer side of the connecting rod.

5. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor fastener is a special floor anchor bolt (42), and the special floor anchor bolt (42) includes a connecting rod and a second fixing component disposed on the outer side of the connecting rod.

6. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiberglass mesh mortar reinforcement layer includes an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth (5) and a crack-resistant mortar layer (6), and the alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh cloth (5) is disposed in the crack-resistant mortar layer (6).

7. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fixing component is a barbed edge structure disposed along the axial direction of the connecting rod and having different spacings.

8. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second fixing component is a barbed groove structure disposed along the axial direction of the connecting rod and having different thicknesses.

9. A non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: A tensile cap head (7) is further provided on the outer side of the end of the connecting rod, and the tensile cap head (7) is located between the first steel bar truss (11) and the second steel bar truss (12).

10. The non-removable thermal insulation and soundproof template according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor fastener is a self-tapping bolt (43), and a fixing fold (8) is provided on the outer side of the end of the self-tapping bolt (43), and the fixing fold (8) is in a U shape and is located between the first steel bar truss (11) and the second steel bar truss (12).

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