A polygonal core wire and a high speed cable

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of polygonal core wire and high-speed cable, polygonal core wire includes single-core conductor and the insulating layer being arranged in single-core conductor outside, the cross section of single-core conductor is polygonal.High-speed cable, including several side-by-side arranged core wire, and the shielding layer being covered in the core wire outside, the core wire is polygonal core wire.In the case where equivalent consumables, increase the cross section perimeter of conductor, weaken skin effect, reduce power loss, reduce the impedance of cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable transmission technology, specifically to a polygonal core wire and a high-speed cable. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-speed differential cable structures are two-wire coaxial transmission line structures, such as... Figure 1 As shown, its main structure includes core wires and an outer shielding layer. The core wires of the differential cable can be individually extruded from insulation (see...). Figure 1 It can also be formed by one-time extrusion of insulation (see) Figure 2 Regardless of the insulation molding method, most differential cables use round conductors, which are easier to manufacture. As transmission rates increase, the skin effect of round conductors is significantly enhanced during differential signal transmission, resulting in a decrease in the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor and an increase in the equivalent impedance. Existing round conductor differential cable structures cannot fully meet the low impedance requirements of high-speed transmission. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a polygonal core wire and a high-speed cable, which increases the cross-sectional perimeter of the conductor, weakens the skin effect, reduces power loss, and reduces the impedance of the cable under the same material consumption conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted is: a polygonal core wire, comprising a single-core conductor and an insulation layer disposed on the outside of the single-core conductor, wherein the cross-section of the single-core conductor is polygonal.

[0005] The cross-section of the single-core conductor described in this invention is axially symmetric.

[0006] The single-core conductor of this invention is in partial contact with the insulating layer, while an air region is formed between the uncontacted single-core conductor and the insulating layer.

[0007] The cross-section of the air region described in this invention is symmetrical about the centerline of the single-core conductor cross-section.

[0008] The single-core conductor and the insulating layer described in this utility model have no fewer than two contact points.

[0009] The contact between the single-core conductor and the insulating layer described in this invention is a point contact.

[0010] A high-speed cable includes at least two core wires arranged side by side, and a shielding layer covering the outside of the core wires, wherein the core wires are polygonal core wires.

[0011] The present invention describes two core wires having the same cross-sectional shape and size.

[0012] In this invention, at least two of the described core wires have air regions with the same shape and size.

[0013] The center line of the core wire described in this invention is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the core wire.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. Compared to circular conductor structures, polygonal conductors have a longer perimeter under the same cross-sectional area and material consumption conditions. This makes the current distribution on the outer surface of the conductor more uniform during signal transmission, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor is larger, thereby reducing the skin effect, reducing power loss, and reducing the impedance of the cable.

[0016] 2. Making the single-core conductor into an axisymmetric shape is not only convenient to form, but also makes it easier to align the position when making multi-core wire structure cables.

[0017] 3. By processing the interior of the insulation layer into structures of different conductor shapes or sizes, the insulator and the polygonal conductor are not in complete contact. Air regions are introduced at the contact surface. While ensuring structural stability, the equivalent dielectric constant of the insulation material is reduced, dielectric loss is reduced, and thus cable insertion loss is reduced.

[0018] 4. There are no fewer than two contact points between the insulation layer and the single-core conductor to ensure the stability of the single-core conductor installation.

[0019] 5. By reducing the contact area between the insulation layer and the single-core conductor, the air area is increased as much as possible while ensuring the stability of the single-core conductor installation. This minimizes the reduction of the equivalent dielectric constant of the insulation material and results in lower insertion loss.

[0020] 6. The core wires in the cable are all single core wires, which do not need to be twisted. They are integrally formed and can be used to transmit high-speed signals with a transmission rate of 25Gbps and above. Setting the conductors to two can be used to transmit differential signals. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology structure;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology structure;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular cross-sectional structure of the single-core conductor of the high-speed cable of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the single-core conductor of the high-speed cable of this utility model, which is hexagonal.

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the octagonal cross-sectional structure of the single-core conductor of the high-speed cable of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the high-speed cable with an air region according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-speed cable with a circular single-core conductor and a regular hexagonal insulation interior, according to this utility model.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-speed cable with a regular hexagonal single-core conductor and circular insulation.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-speed cable with a regular hexagonal single-core conductor and regular hexagonal insulation.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-speed cable with two contact points between a single-core conductor and the internal insulation layer according to this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Core wire, 2. Shielding layer, 100. Single-core conductor, 200. Insulation layer, 300. Air area. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to this utility model and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0034] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0035] The orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," "longitudinal," "transverse," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "radial," and "circumferential" in this specification are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0036] like Figures 3-5 As shown, a polygonal core wire includes a single-core conductor 100 and an insulation layer 200 disposed outside the single-core conductor 100. The cross-section of the single-core conductor 100 is polygonal. The single-core conductor 100 is integrally formed, not multi-core stranded. This design offers advantages such as the ability to transmit high-speed signals, easier forming, immunity to stranding deformation, and clearer positioning of the center line of the single-core conductor during the forming of the outer insulation layer, resulting in stable shape and higher consistency. The single-core conductor 100 is made of a conductive transmission material plated with a metal layer. The conductive transmission material can be copper, and the metal plating material can be silver, tin, nickel, etc. The insulation layer 200 can be made of fluoroplastic FEP, PE plastic, or PFA through high-temperature melt extrusion coating, or it can be made of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene tape, polypropylene tape, or polyethylene tape. The insulation layer 200 provides insulation to the outside of the single-core conductor 100, and the extruded insulation layer 200 maintains a stable spacing between the single-core conductors 100. When the cross-sectional area of ​​a polygonal single-core conductor is equal to that of a circular conductor, the perimeter of the polygonal single-core conductor is longer than that of a circular conductor with the same cross-sectional area. During high-speed signal transmission, the current is more evenly distributed on the outer surface of the conductor, and the effective cross-sectional area of ​​the conductor is larger, thereby reducing the skin effect, reducing power loss, and reducing the impedance of the cable.

[0037] Furthermore, the cross-section of the single-core conductor 100 is axially symmetric. Axially symmetric shapes are easy to form and include circles (special polygonal shapes), isosceles triangles, equilateral triangles, isosceles trapezoids, quadrilaterals, hexagons, octagons, etc. Polygons with ≤18 sides have a significantly increased circumference (>1%) compared to circles of the same cross-sectional area; as the number of sides increases, the circumferences of the two become increasingly similar. For example, Figure 3 The rectangular single-core conductor shown is Figure 4 The shown is a regular hexagonal single-core conductor. Figure 5 The shown is a regular octagonal single-core conductor. Figure 10 The hexagonal single-core conductor shown.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figures 6-10As shown, the single-core conductor 100 partially contacts the insulating layer 200. The contact form is not limited to a mating contact or a point contact. An air region 300 is formed between the uncontacted single-core conductor 100 and the insulating layer 200. This means that a portion of the single-core conductor 100 is in contact with air, minimizing interference during signal transmission and improving transmission performance. The more air contact, the lower the interference and the better the transmission performance. This air region 300 extends along the length of the single-core conductor 100 through the entire insulating layer 200 and can be directly formed continuously from the insulating layer 200, making the forming process relatively simple and convenient. For example, Figure 6 The insulating layer 200 shown forms a square structure that mates with a circular single-core conductor, providing four points of contact. Figure 7 The insulating layer 200 shown has a hexagonal structure that mates with a circular single-core conductor, providing six contact points. Figure 8 The insulating layer 200 shown forms a circular structure that mates with a hexagonal single-core conductor, providing six contact points. Figure 9 The insulating layer 200 shown has a hexagonal structure that matches the hexagonal single-core conductor, providing six contact points. Figure 10 The insulating layer 200 shown forms a circular structure that mates with a hexagonal single-core conductor, having two contact points.

[0039] Furthermore, the cross-section of the air region 300 is symmetrical about the centerline of the single-core conductor 100. The position of the air region 300 is determined by the centerline, enabling standardized production and resulting in a fixed and uniform core wire structure. Simultaneously, when multiple core wires 1 are used together, they can be accurately and quickly arranged in the designed position using the centerline. For the symmetrical single-core conductor 100, the axis of symmetry of its cross-section is the centerline of the cross-section.

[0040] Furthermore, the single-core conductor 100 has at least two contact points with the insulation layer 200. When there are fewer than two contact points, the stability of the single-core conductor 100 in the internal structure of the insulation layer 200 is insufficient and it is easy to shake. The number of contact points is not less than two to ensure the stability of the conductor position. The more contact points there are, the stronger the stability.

[0041] Furthermore, the contact between the single-core conductor 100 and the insulating layer 200 is a point contact. This point contact ensures the stability of the single-core conductor 100 while increasing the area of ​​the air region 300. For example, Figure 6 The circular single-core conductor shown has a square outer structure and four point contacts. Figure 7 The circular single-core conductor shown has a hexagonal outer structure and six point contacts. This is in the case of a circular single-core conductor with a constant cross-sectional area. Figure 6 The air region 300 is significantly larger than Figure 7 The air zone is 300.

[0042] like Figures 3-10 As shown, a high-speed cable includes at least two core wires 1 arranged side by side, and a shielding layer 2 covering the outside of the core wires 1. The core wires 1 are polygonal core wires, and the arrangement direction of the core wires 1, as shown in the figure, is equidistant from left to right. The number of core wires 1 is selected according to the design. The core wires can be extruded with single-wire insulation, that is, each core wire is first extruded with single-wire insulation, and the two are then wrapped with the shielding layer 2. Alternatively, they can be extruded with multi-wire insulation, that is, two single-core conductors 100 are extruded together with insulating material, and then wrapped with the shielding layer 2. The dielectric constant of the high-speed cable formed by the two processes is relatively consistent, ensuring the material stability of the cable. The cable will not suffer from performance degradation due to changes in material structure when bent or folded. The shielding layer 2 is formed using conventional technology, such as being wound with aluminum foil or copper foil, or being fixed to the outside of the insulation layer 200 by heat sealing with metal material. The shielding layer 2 provides electromagnetic shielding and improves the stability of signal transmission.

[0043] Furthermore, the number of core wires 1 is two, with the same cross-sectional shape and size, for high-speed transmission of differential signals. The identical core wires will not introduce common-mode signals.

[0044] Furthermore, the air regions 300 outside the core wires 1 are of the same shape and size, ensuring that the interference experienced by the core wires is basically the same and ensuring the stability of signal transmission.

[0045] Furthermore, the center line of the core wire 1 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the core wire 1. By setting the relationship between the center line and the arrangement direction of the core wires, the installation consistency of the core wires 1 can be ensured. It can also ensure the consistency of the shape and size of the air area 300 in each core wire 1. Furthermore, a more reasonable air area can be set according to the direction of the center line to ensure the overall stability of the cable.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit or restrict this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection declared by this utility model.

Claims

1. A polygonal core wire, characterized in that: It includes a single-core conductor (100) and an insulating layer (200) disposed outside the single-core conductor (100). The single-core conductor (100) is in partial contact with the insulating layer (200), and an air region (300) is formed between the uncontacted single-core conductor (100) and the insulating layer (200). The cross-section of the single-core conductor (100) is polygonal.

2. The polygonal core wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the single-core conductor (100) is axisymmetric.

3. A polygonal core wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the air region (300) is symmetrical about the center line of the cross-section of the single-core conductor (100).

4. A polygonal core wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The single-core conductor (100) and the insulating layer (200) have at least two contact points.

5. A polygonal core wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The contact between the single-core conductor (100) and the insulating layer (200) is a point contact.

6. A high-speed cable comprising at least two core wires (1) arranged side by side, and a shielding layer (2) covering the outside of the core wires (1), characterized in that: The core wire (1) is a polygonal core wire as described in claims 1-5.

7. A high-speed cable as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The number of core wires (1) is two, and they have the same cross-sectional shape and size.

8. A high-speed cable as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The air regions (300) outside at least two of the core wires (1) have the same shape and size.

9. A high-speed cable as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The center line of the core wire (1) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the core wire (1).

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