Anti-misoperation mechanical locking device

Abstract

The application discloses a false operation prevention mechanical locking device, which connects an isolating knife gap and a grounding knife gap through a soft steel wire and comprises a rotary operation mechanism arranged on one side of the isolating knife gap, a bolt interlocking mechanism arranged on one side of the grounding knife gap, a steel wire guide sleeve and a soft steel wire. The rotary operation mechanism comprises a rotary operation handle, and the rotary operation handle is used for making the isolating knife gap close or open through rotation. One end of the soft steel wire is fixed to a transmission end of the rotary operation handle. The bolt interlocking mechanism comprises a bolt and a limiting pin hole. The bolt is fixedly arranged on the other end of the soft steel wire, and the limiting pin hole is arranged on a rocking handle of the grounding knife gap. The soft steel wire generates linear displacement through the rotary operation handle, so that the bolt is inserted into or removed from the limiting pin hole, mechanical constraint is formed or removed, and the steel wire guide sleeve is installed along a transmission path of the soft steel wire and used for constraining a movement track of the soft steel wire. The isolating knife gap and the grounding knife gap are linked through the rotary operation mechanism, the bolt interlocking mechanism and the soft steel wire, correct operation sequence is guaranteed by means of mechanical limitation, and false operation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a mechanical interlocking device for preventing misoperation. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, isolating switches and grounding switches are key devices for ensuring the safe operation of equipment. They are typically configured in combination. The isolating switch establishes or disconnects an electrical isolation point for no-load current, while the grounding switch reliably grounds the de-energized equipment, releasing residual charge and forming a safe grounding path for maintenance. The operation of both must strictly follow the sequence logic of "opening the isolating switch first, then closing the grounding switch." Violating this sequence may lead to short circuits or arcing accidents.

[0003] Currently, the combined use of isolating switches and grounding switches is mostly in a separate, independent configuration, requiring operators to follow specifications. A few mechanical interlocking devices are limited in application due to their complex structure, low adaptability, and relatively high cost. For example, the "Isolating Switch Interlocking Device" published in CN116959911A uses a drive component and transmission rod to slide a movable sleeve, combining limit components and shielding parts to solve the low safety problem of existing interlocking devices. However, this interlocking device is clearly more suitable for larger isolating switchgear and cannot be applied to relatively small switchgear. Therefore, it is necessary to design an interlocking device with a simple structure, strong adaptability, and the ability to ensure correct switchgear operation logic to improve the shortcomings of existing devices. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a mechanical interlocking device to prevent misoperation, which aims to solve the technical problem of easy misoperation of existing combined knife switches.

[0005] This application proposes a mechanical interlocking device to prevent misoperation, which connects an isolating switch and a grounding switch via a soft steel wire, comprising:

[0006] A rotary operating mechanism is disposed on one side of the isolating switch, including a rotary operating handle. The rotary operating handle causes the isolating switch to close or open by rotation. One end of the soft steel wire is fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle.

[0007] A pin-locking mechanism, configured on one side of the grounding switch, includes a pin and a limiting pin hole. The pin is fixedly disposed at the other end of the flexible steel wire, and the limiting pin hole is disposed on the crank handle of the grounding switch. The flexible steel wire generates linear displacement through the rotation of the crank handle, causing the pin to insert into or move out of the limiting pin hole, thereby forming or releasing a mechanical constraint.

[0008] A wire guide sleeve is installed along the transmission path of the soft steel wire to constrain the movement trajectory of the soft steel wire.

[0009] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application

[0010] The soft steel wire is fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle via an adjustable slide groove, which is used to adapt to the operation of the knife switch with different strokes.

[0011] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application

[0012] The pin interlocking structure also includes a fixedly installed spring sleeve.

[0013] A spring is installed inside the spring sleeve.

[0014] The other end of the soft steel wire passes through the spring sleeve.

[0015] The pin has a retaining ring at its tail end along the insertion direction, which abuts against the spring.

[0016] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application

[0017] The pin interlocking structure also includes a limit switch.

[0018] The normally closed contact of the limit switch is connected in series with the operating circuit of the grounding switch, and is triggered when the pin is inserted into the limit pin hole to disconnect the operating circuit of the grounding switch.

[0019] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application

[0020] The limit switch is a double-contact limit switch, with its normally open contact connected to the input port of the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit is used to receive the status signal of the latch and control the operation of the isolating switch and the grounding switch through a logic program.

[0021] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application, the PLC control unit is connected to an external monitoring system via a Modbus communication module for remote status display and abnormal alarm.

[0022] For example, in at least one embodiment of the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in this application, a position sensor is also included, which is installed on the rotary operating mechanism and the pin interlocking mechanism and connected to the PLC control unit, for real-time monitoring of the position of the isolating switch and the grounding switch and transmitting data to the PLC control unit.

[0023] For example, in the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application, the inner wall of the wire guide sleeve is embedded with a rolling bearing or a nylon bushing to reduce the movement resistance of the soft wire.

[0024] Compared with existing mechanical interlocking devices, the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The mechanical interlocking device of this application fixes one end of a soft steel wire to the rotating handle of the isolating switch, and the other end is linked to a pin. Linear displacement directly controls the insertion / exit of the pin into the limiting pin hole of the grounding switch handle, forming a rigid mechanical interlock where "the grounding switch is locked when the isolating switch is closed, and the lock is released when the switch is open," ensuring a strict operating sequence. Compared with interlocking devices using linkages or gears, redundant transmission components are eliminated, simplifying the structure, reducing processing costs, and decreasing the risk of failure due to component wear. Simultaneously, the flexible transmission of the soft steel wire combined with the path constraint design of the steel wire guide sleeve can flexibly adapt to different installation spaces (such as curved or narrow scenarios), avoiding the need for customized adjustments required by traditional mechanical interlocking devices. Furthermore, the core components of this application (soft steel wire, pin, and guide sleeve) are all common and universal parts, requiring no special processing, and the modular assembly design facilitates quick on-site replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the rotary operating mechanism in the mechanical locking device of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pin interlocking mechanism in the mechanical locking device of this application;

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Soft steel wire; 2. Isolating switch; 3. Grounding switch; 4. Rotary transmission handle; 5. Fixed sleeve; 6. Crank handle; 7. Pin; 8. Limit pin hole; 9. Steel wire guide sleeve; 10. Adjustable slide; 11. Spring sleeve; 12. Spring; 13. Limit switch;

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0035] In at least one embodiment of the anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in this application, the mechanical interlocking device connects the isolating switch and the grounding switch via a flexible steel wire, and includes a rotary operating mechanism, a pin interlocking mechanism, and a steel wire guide sleeve. The rotary operating mechanism is located on one side of the isolating switch and includes a rotary operating handle. Rotating the rotary operating handle causes the isolating switch to close or open. One end of the flexible steel wire is fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle. The pin interlocking mechanism is located on one side of the grounding switch and includes a pin and a limit pin hole. The pin is fixedly located at the other end of the flexible steel wire, and the limit pin hole is located on the crank handle of the grounding switch. The flexible steel wire generates linear displacement through rotating the operating handle, causing the pin to insert into or move out of the limit pin hole, thereby forming or releasing mechanical constraints. The steel wire guide sleeve is installed along the transmission path of the flexible steel wire to constrain the movement trajectory of the flexible steel wire.

[0036] Specifically, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This mechanical interlocking device is designed based on the principles of soft steel wire transmission, steel wire guide sleeve positioning, and pin interlocking to achieve forced mechanical interlocking between the isolating switch 2 and the grounding switch 3. One end of the soft steel wire 1 is connected to the rotary transmission handle 4 of the rotary operating mechanism through a special connector (e.g., fixed sleeve 5). The rotary operating mechanism keeps the isolating switch 2 in the closed or open state by swinging the rotary transmission handle 4. This swing will cause the soft steel wire 1 to be driven by the rotary transmission handle 4 in the lateral direction, producing linear displacement, thereby giving the other end different positions. The other end of the soft steel wire 1 is connected to the pin of the pin interlocking mechanism. The pin interlocking mechanism also includes a limiting pin hole 8 set on the rocker handle 6 of the grounding switch 3, which corresponds to the pin 7. The displacement state of the soft steel wire 1 causes the pin 7 to insert or move out of the limiting pin hole 8, thus constraining the grounding switch 3.

[0037] by Figure 1 Taking the combination configuration of isolating switch 2 and grounding switch 3 as an example, when isolating switch 2 is in the closed position, the pin 7 is inserted into the limit pin hole 8 on the crank handle 6 of grounding switch 3 under the traction of soft steel wire 1, forming a rigid mechanical constraint, which physically blocks any possibility of operation of grounding switch 3.

[0038] When the isolating switch 2 needs to be opened, the rotary transmission handle 4 on the rotary operating mechanism swings to open the switch, which also causes the flexible steel wire 1 to produce a linear displacement. Through mechanical transmission, the pin 7 located at the other end of the flexible steel wire 1 is completely pulled out from the limit pin hole 8 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown), the mechanical restriction on the grounding switch 3 is released, allowing the grounding switch 3 to return to an operable state.

[0039] It should be noted that the rotary operating mechanism and the pin interlocking mechanism have different overall configurations with different knife switches, such as... Figure 1The middle part is a horizontal lever-type knife switch. The rotating operating mechanism on the isolating knife switch 2 side uses a crank-connecting rod to connect the movement relationship between the knife switch and the soft steel wire 1. Similarly, the pin 7 and the limit pin hole 8 on the grounding knife switch 3 side are also explained based on the simplest and most intuitive structural form of the knife switch. However, the technical solution claimed in this application is not limited to this. In fact, since the components of this application are relatively independent in space, they can be specially adapted according to the knife switch structure of the specific application. The common point is that they are all connected by the movement of the soft steel wire 1 and the grounding knife switch 3, and a locking relationship is formed with the pin hole.

[0040] In particular, the steel wire guide sleeve 9 is used in this embodiment as a component to restrict the displacement path of the soft steel wire 1. Since the soft steel wire 1 is used as the associated component of the mechanical interlocking, its displacement path is prone to deviation due to the material characteristics, and will directly affect the realization of the interlocking effect. Therefore, by constraining the soft steel wire 1 (on the transmission path) by the steel wire guide sleeve 9, it can be effectively ensured that the isolation switch 2 and the grounding switch 3 form an associated operation.

[0041] Specifically, deep groove ball bearings or injection-molded nylon bushings (not shown in the figure) are equidistantly embedded in the inner wall of the steel wire guide sleeve 9. The outer ring of the bearing slides in contact with the soft steel wire 1 rope, and the inner wall of the nylon bushing is provided with spiral lubrication grooves filled with graphite-based solid lubricant to ensure the movement trajectory of the soft steel wire 1 while reducing frictional resistance and extending the service life of the soft steel wire 1.

[0042] In some embodiments, on one side of the isolating switch 2, the flexible steel wire 1 is also fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle via an adjustable slide 10. The adjustable slide 10 is located at the transmission end of the rotary operating handle of the isolating switch 2. The inner wall of the slide 10, through a rack and pinion structure and an adjusting bolt on the outer side of the slide 1, can drive the fixed end of the flexible steel wire 1 to move linearly along the slide 1, precisely adjusting the stroke length of the flexible steel wire 1. This allows the mechanical locking device to adapt to the differences in the operating stroke of different models of switches, making it more flexible.

[0043] In other embodiments, the pin interlocking structure further includes a fixedly installed spring sleeve 11, inside which a spring 12 is installed. The other end of the soft steel wire 1 passes through the spring sleeve 11, and a retaining ring is provided at the tail end of the pin along the insertion direction, which abuts against the spring 12.

[0044] In the operation of inserting or removing the pin from the limit pin hole 8 via the soft steel wire 1, the cooperation between the spring sleeve 11 and the pin makes the operation of the pin 7 more stable. For example, after the isolating switch 2 is opened, the pin 7 is dislodged from the limit pin hole 8, and the spring 12 is compressed and stores energy. When the isolating switch 2 is closed again, in addition to the action of the soft steel wire 1, the spring 12 can also be used to reset the pin 7, and the process is smoother and faster.

[0045] In some other embodiments, the pin interlocking structure also includes a limit switch 13, the normally closed contact of which is connected in series with the operating circuit of the grounding switch 3, and is triggered when the pin is inserted into the limit pin hole 8 to disconnect the operating circuit of the grounding switch 3.

[0046] Limit switch 13 is installed on the side wall of the pin actuator, and its normally closed contact is connected in series to the operating circuit of grounding switch 3. When the pin 7 is fully inserted into the limit pin hole 8, the tail of the pin 7 triggers the push rod of limit switch 13, the normally closed contact opens, and the operating circuit of grounding switch 3 is directly cut off. Through the dual linkage of hard-wired electrical interlocking and mechanical interlocking, it is ensured that the grounding switch 3 circuit is disconnected when the isolating switch 2 is closed, and the overall safety is higher than that of a purely mechanical solution.

[0047] Furthermore, the limit switch 13 is a double-contact limit switch 13, with its normally open contact connected to the input port of the PLC control unit (not shown in the figure). The PLC control unit is used to receive the status signal of the plug 7 and control the operation of the isolation switch 2 and the grounding switch 3 through the logic program.

[0048] In this embodiment, the PLC control unit can collect the contact status in real time. When the pin 7 is inserted, the program logic determines that the isolating switch 2 is closed and automatically locks the operation command of the grounding switch 3. When the switch is opened, the PLC releases the lockout and allows operation. The PLC control unit can also collect remote and local signals from the isolating switch 2, signals indicating whether the operating circuit is disconnected, etc., and combine this with the status of the limit switch 13 contacts to comprehensively determine whether the switch can be operated. For example, if the normally closed contact of the limit switch 13 is open, the PLC will not output an action signal, thus achieving a lockout effect.

[0049] Specifically, the PLC control unit connects to an external monitoring system via a Modbus communication module for remote status display and alarm functions. The PLC control unit can be implemented using Siemens S7-1200 series or Allen-Bradley Micro850 control chips.

[0050] The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device provided in at least one embodiment of this application also includes a position sensor, which is installed on the rotary operating mechanism and the pin interlocking mechanism and connected to the PLC control unit in the aforementioned embodiment, for real-time monitoring of the position of the isolating switch 2 and the grounding switch 3 and transmitting data to the PLC control unit.

[0051] For example, a high-precision rotary encoder is installed on the rotating shaft (rotary transmission handle 4) of the isolating switch 2 and the crank handle 6 of the grounding switch 3 to collect the angle or position signal of the switch in real time and transmit it to the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit dynamically determines the actual state of the switch by the angle / position distance threshold, thereby accurately locating the switch position and avoiding the positioning deviation of traditional mechanical limit switches.

[0052] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanical interlocking device for preventing misoperation, characterized in that, Connecting the isolating switch and the grounding switch via a soft steel wire includes: A rotary operating mechanism is disposed on one side of the isolating switch, including a rotary operating handle. The rotary operating handle causes the isolating switch to close or open by rotation. One end of the soft steel wire is fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle. A pin-locking mechanism, configured on one side of the grounding switch, includes a pin and a limiting pin hole. The pin is fixedly disposed at the other end of the flexible steel wire, and the limiting pin hole is disposed on the crank handle of the grounding switch. The flexible steel wire generates linear displacement through the rotation of the crank handle, causing the pin to insert into or move out of the limiting pin hole, thereby forming or releasing a mechanical constraint. A wire guide sleeve is installed along the transmission path of the soft steel wire to constrain the movement trajectory of the soft steel wire.

2. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soft steel wire is fixed to the transmission end of the rotary operating handle via an adjustable slide groove, which is used to adapt to the operation of the knife switch with different strokes.

3. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin interlocking structure also includes a fixedly installed spring sleeve. A spring is installed inside the spring sleeve. The other end of the soft steel wire passes through the spring sleeve. The pin has a retaining ring at its tail end along the insertion direction, which abuts against the spring.

4. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin interlocking structure also includes a limit switch. The normally closed contact of the limit switch is connected in series with the operating circuit of the grounding switch, and is triggered when the pin is inserted into the limit pin hole to disconnect the operating circuit of the grounding switch.

5. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limit switch is a double-contact limit switch, with its normally open contact connected to the input port of the PLC control unit. The PLC control unit is used to receive the status signal of the latch and control the operation of the isolating switch and the grounding switch through a logic program.

6. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The PLC control unit is connected to an external monitoring system via a Modbus communication module for remote status display and abnormal alarms.

7. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a position sensor, which is installed on the rotary operating mechanism and the pin interlocking mechanism and connected to the PLC control unit, for real-time monitoring of the position of the isolating switch and the grounding switch and transmitting data to the PLC control unit.

8. The anti-misoperation mechanical interlocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the wire guide sleeve is embedded with a rolling bearing or a nylon bushing to reduce the moving resistance of the soft wire.

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