An adaptive centering clamping device for tapered ultra-long tubular parts
The design of the adaptive centering clamping device solves the problems of coaxiality control and specification adaptability in precision machining of tapered ultra-long tubular parts, achieving high-precision coaxiality control and rapid changeover, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QIQIHAR NORTH MACHINERY CORP
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
In precision machining, tapered ultra-long tubular parts suffer from insufficient coaxiality control and poor dimensional adaptability. Traditional clamping methods lead to deformation and centerline offset. Existing tooling cannot simultaneously achieve tapered surface positioning and diameter adaptive adjustment, resulting in product sealing failure and production capacity loss.
An adaptive centering clamping device was designed, including a cylindrical pin, a bracket, a pad, roller washers, and a self-locking mechanism. Coaxial positioning is achieved by the bracket sliding on the slide rail, which supports the rapid change of various specifications of tapered long tubes and ensures that the deviation of the center line of the tapered holes at both ends of the workpiece is less than 0.015mm.
It achieves coaxiality control of multi-specification tapered long tubes, ensuring machining accuracy, supporting rapid changeover, reducing machining deformation and centerline offset, and improving production efficiency and product quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN224310128U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an adaptive centering clamping device suitable for tapered ultra-long tubular parts, belonging to the field of mechanical technology. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of machining, the precision machining of tapered, ultra-long tubular parts has always faced two major challenges:
[0003] 1. Insufficient coaxiality control
[0004] Traditional clamping methods typically use a three-jaw chuck with a tail pin for positioning, or a fixed V-block for support. This method has significant drawbacks:
[0005] 1) Radial clamping force easily causes deformation of thin-walled tapered tubes, and the measured coaxiality error after machining generally exceeds 0.1mm;
[0006] 2) When the tail pin is not on the same axis as the spindle, it will amplify the offset of the center line of the workpiece tapered hole;
[0007] 3) Although the hydraulic expansion mandrel proposed in a certain patent can reduce deformation, it cannot adapt to changes in the cone angle, and the mandrel needs to be re-processed when changing the design, which is costly.
[0008] 2. Poor specification adaptability
[0009] Tapered extra-long tubes typically have non-standard size characteristics:
[0010] 1) The outer diameter gradually changes along the axial direction;
[0011] 2) Wide range of cone angles (ranging from 5° to 25°);
[0012] 3) Significantly different aspect ratios (10:1 to 50:1).
[0013] Existing tooling, such as stepped positioning sleeves, requires multiple sets of bushings. When changing models, the entire device needs to be disassembled, which takes an average of more than 40 minutes. Furthermore, although magnetic chucks can achieve quick switching, they are only suitable for short shaft parts and do not provide sufficient rigidity for long tube parts.
[0014] Based on the above points, it has been determined that the current technology has three shortcomings: excessive coaxiality leading to product sealing failure, frequent model changes causing production capacity loss, and existing tooling being unable to simultaneously accommodate conical surface positioning and diameter adaptive adjustment. Utility Model Content
[0015] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides an adaptive centering clamping device suitable for tapered ultra-long tube parts. This device effectively solves the problem of coaxiality in the processing of tapered long tubes of various specifications.
[0016] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: an adaptive centering clamping device suitable for tapered ultra-long tubular parts, including a cylindrical pin, a bracket, a pad, roller washers, a base frame, and single pieces. The base frame is a rectangular frame, and a triangular frame single piece is fixed above the upper part of each of the two ends along the length direction of the base frame. The two single pieces are arranged symmetrically at an incline. A pad is fixed to the top of the two single pieces and is arranged horizontally. A rectangular hole is provided in the middle of the pad, and the rectangular hole is aligned with the long side of the pad. The two long sides of the rectangular hole are slide rails. Two sliding brackets with a sandwich structure are provided on the pad. The brackets are slidably connected to the slide rails, and each bracket has a self-locking mechanism below it. A roller washer arranged vertically is provided in the sandwich of each bracket. The roller washer is connected to the bracket through a cylindrical pin.
[0017] Furthermore, the self-locking mechanism is a latch-type quick clamp structure. On one side of the rectangular elongated hole, a downward-opening strip groove is provided in the pad. The strip groove is arranged at intervals with the rectangular elongated hole and faces the same direction. The upper ends of two cylinders are slidably connected in the strip groove. The cylinders are arranged in a vertical direction, and the circumferential direction of the middle part of the cylinder is a concave arc shape. The hook of the self-locking mechanism can lock the concave arc in the middle of the cylinder.
[0018] Furthermore, a rubber ring is provided on the outer surface of the roller washer.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the utility model achieves self-locking on the slide rail through the bracket, so that the front and rear tapered sleeves of the central axis of the long tube parts can move coaxially, ensuring that the deviation of the center line of the tapered hole at both ends of the workpiece is ≤0.015mm; the device supports rapid change of tubes with diameters of φ50~φ360mm and tapered angles of 5°~25°, and solves the problem of coaxiality in the processing of multi-specification tapered long tubes. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0021] Figure 1 This is the front view of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view.
[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Side view.
[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of direction A.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pad of this utility model from a bottom view.
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in use.
[0027] Numbering on the map:
[0028] 1. Threaded cylindrical pin, 2. Bracket, 3. Pad, 4. Roller washer, 5. Base frame, 6. Single piece, 7. Rectangular elongated hole, 8. Self-locking mechanism, 9. Cylindrical, 10. Strip groove. Detailed Implementation
[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 6, an adaptive centering clamping device suitable for tapered ultra-long tubular parts includes a cylindrical pin 1, a bracket 2, a pad 3, roller washers 4, a base frame 5, and single pieces 6. The base frame 5 is a rectangular frame, and a triangular frame single piece 6 is fixed above each of the two ends along the length of the base frame 5. The two single pieces 6 are arranged symmetrically at an angle. A pad 3 is fixed to the top of the two single pieces 6 and is arranged horizontally. A rectangular hole 7 is provided in the middle of the pad 3. The rectangular hole 7 is aligned with the long side of the pad 3. The two long sides of the rectangular hole 7 are slide rails. Two sliding brackets 2 with a sandwich structure are provided on the pad 3. The brackets 2 are slidably connected to the slide rails. Each bracket 2 has a self-locking mechanism 8 below it. A roller washer 4 arranged vertically is provided in the sandwich of each bracket 2. The roller washer 4 is connected to the bracket 2 through the cylindrical pin 1. A rubber ring is provided on the outer surface of the roller washer 4.
[0030] The self-locking mechanism 8 is a latch-type quick clamp structure. On one side of the rectangular long hole 7, a downward-opening strip groove 10 is provided in the pad plate 3. The strip groove 10 is arranged at intervals with the rectangular long hole 7 and faces the same direction. The upper ends of two cylinders 9 are slidably connected in the strip groove 10. The cylinders 9 are arranged in a vertical direction. The circumferential direction of the middle part of the cylinder 9 is a concave arc shape. The hook of the self-locking mechanism 8 can lock the concave arc in the middle of the cylinder 9.
[0031] During use, two sets of this clamping device are required, arranged at intervals. The tapered long tube-like parts are placed on the roller washers 4 of the bracket 2. The distance between the two brackets 2 is adjusted by moving them on the slide rails of the pad 3. The two cylinders 9 also move to their respective positions along with their corresponding brackets 2. The hooks of the self-locking mechanism 8 below the bracket 2 clamp the cylinders 9 and tightly hook them into the arc-shaped recess in the middle of the cylinders 9, thus fixing the positions of the two brackets 2. The cylindrical pin 1, with a diameter of 32mm and a length of 100mm, serves to connect the bracket 2 to the roller washers 4. The bracket 2 is a 100mm wide sandwich structure used to position the roller washer 4 and connect to the sliding plate 3. The bracket 2 has a self-locking mechanism 8 at the bottom, which can fix the two brackets 2 on the plate 3 after adjusting the distance between them. The sliding plate 3 is a rectangular plate with a length of 500mm and a width of 160mm. The rectangular long hole 7 inside is 420mm long and 20mm wide, which serves to connect with the main structure and the bracket 2. The roller washer 4 is a washer with an outer diameter of φ120mm. The rubber on its outer surface can prevent the risk of bumps and other hazards during the placement of long tube-like parts.
[0032] The self-locking mechanism on the slide rail via bracket 2 enables the coaxial movement of the front and rear tapered sleeves of the central axis of long tube parts, ensuring that the deviation of the center line of the tapered holes at both ends of the workpiece is ≤0.015mm. The device supports rapid changeover of tubes with diameters of φ50~φ360mm and tapered angles of 5°~-25°, solving the problem of coaxiality in the processing of multi-specification tapered long tubes.
Claims
1. An adaptive centering clamping device suitable for tapered ultra-long tubular parts, characterized in that: The device includes a cylindrical pin (1), a bracket (2), a pad (3), a roller washer (4), a bottom frame (5), and a single piece (6). The bottom frame (5) is a rectangular frame. A single piece (6) of a triangular frame is fixed above both ends of the bottom frame (5) along its length. The two single pieces (6) are arranged symmetrically and inclined. A pad (3) is fixed at the top of the two single pieces (6). The pad (3) is arranged horizontally. A rectangular long hole (7) is provided in the middle of the pad (3). The rectangular long hole (7) is aligned with the long side of the pad (3). The two long sides of the rectangular long hole (7) are slide rails. Two sliding brackets (2) with a sandwich structure are provided on the pad (3). The brackets (2) are slidably connected to the slide rails. Each bracket (2) has a self-locking mechanism (8) below it. A roller washer (4) arranged vertically is provided in the sandwich of the bracket (2). The roller washer (4) is connected to the bracket (2) through the cylindrical pin (1).
2. The adaptive centering clamping device for tapered ultra-long tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking mechanism (8) is a latch-type quick clamp structure. On one side of the rectangular long hole (7), a downward-opening strip groove (10) is provided in the pad plate (3). The strip groove (10) and the rectangular long hole (7) are arranged at intervals and face the same direction. The upper ends of two cylinders (9) are slidably connected in the strip groove (10). The cylinders (9) are arranged in a vertical direction. The circumferential direction of the middle part of the cylinder (9) is a concave arc shape. The hook of the self-locking mechanism (8) can lock the concave arc in the middle of the cylinder (9).
3. The adaptive centering clamping device for tapered ultra-long tubular parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber ring is provided on the outer surface of the roller washer (4).