Hydrostatic spindle port seal structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of sealing structure technology, specifically to a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure, including a housing. A double air curtain sealing mechanism is provided on the outer side of the housing. The double air curtain sealing mechanism includes a first fixing block fixedly connected to one side of the housing. A first air inlet is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block. The bottom end of the first air inlet communicates with a first air intake channel, which is located inside the first fixing block. The inner end of the first air intake channel communicates with a first balancing gap. A first throttling element is provided at the inner end of the first balancing gap, and the first throttling element is fixedly connected to the inside of the first fixing block. This utility model, through the cooperation of the housing and the double air curtain sealing mechanism, employs two high-pressure airflow barriers: a first air curtain located in a first annular cavity and a second air curtain located in a second annular cavity. Compared to traditional single air curtain seals, this more effectively prevents external dust, cutting fluid, and other contaminants from entering the bearing area, significantly improving spindle life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sealing structure technology, specifically to a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure. Background Technology

[0002] Electric spindles are a new technology in the field of CNC machine tools that integrates a drive motor and a rotary spindle. With the continuous development of technology, the performance requirements for electric spindles are becoming increasingly stringent. High-precision, high-speed, high-rigidity, and high-torque electric spindles have emerged as leaders, especially in machining center electric spindles. Machining center electric spindles mostly use precision-grade and ultra-high-precision rolling bearings. To protect the bearings from damage caused by water, oil, and chip contaminants during machining, the spindle must use a sealed structure to prevent contaminants from entering and corroding the bearings, thereby reducing the spindle's service life.

[0003] Most existing spindle front-end air seal structures use air seal rings to generate a single circumferential air curtain. By opening radially distributed air holes with limited positions in the circumference of the air seal ring, sealing air enters the sealing gap from the air holes. However, a single air curtain has limited ability to prevent contaminants from entering the bearing, which will still affect the life of the spindle over time.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure. By combining the outer shell with a double air curtain sealing mechanism, it solves the problem that the single air curtain in the prior art has limited ability to prevent contaminants from entering the bearing, which still affects the life of the spindle over time.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure, comprising a housing, a double air curtain sealing mechanism disposed on the outer side of the housing, the double air curtain sealing mechanism comprising a first fixing block fixedly connected to one side of the housing, a first air inlet fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block, a first air inlet communicating with the bottom of the first air inlet and the first air inlet being located inside the first fixing block, a first balance gap communicating with the inner end of the first air inlet, a first throttling element disposed at the inner end of the first balance gap, a through groove disposed in the middle of the first throttling element, the first throttling element being fixedly connected to the interior of the first fixing block, a first annular cavity communicating with the side of the first throttling element away from the first balance gap, a main rotating shaft disposed inside the first annular cavity, two sets of first annular groove groups disposed on the surface of the main rotating shaft, and two sets of second annular groove groups disposed on the surface of the end of the main rotating shaft away from the first annular groove groups, the first annular groove groups and the second annular groove groups assist in forming an air curtain to achieve double sealing.

[0007] Preferably, a mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the right side of the housing, and an additional ring is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting bracket for installing subsequent parts.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting ring is sleeved on the outside of the main rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the mounting ring is fixedly connected to a second air inlet, through which a second high-pressure airflow is introduced.

[0009] Preferably, the inner end of the second air inlet is connected to a second balance gap, and the inner end of the second balance gap is provided with a second throttling element. A through groove is opened in the middle part of the second throttling element. The gas pressure is reduced by the second throttling element and the first throttling element to ensure the stability of the gas film.

[0010] Preferably, the second throttling element is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting ring, and a second annular cavity is formed between the mounting ring and the main rotating shaft to form a second air curtain.

[0011] Preferably, a water inlet is fixedly connected to the top of the outer shell, and a cooling spiral groove is fixedly connected inside the water inlet. The cooling spiral groove is spirally distributed inside the outer shell, and an outlet is connected to the end of the cooling spiral groove away from the water inlet. The outlet is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell. The main shaft is cooled by the cooperation of the water inlet, the outlet and the cooling spiral groove.

[0012] Preferably, an oil inlet is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting bracket, the inner end of the oil inlet is connected to an oil outlet annular groove, and a plurality of oil spray nozzles are installed on the inner side of the oil outlet annular groove. An oil spray annular groove is provided on the outer side of the oil outlet annular groove, and an oil outlet is connected to the right side of the oil spray annular groove. The oil outlet is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the mounting bracket, and an oil film is formed on the surface of the main rotating shaft through the cooperation between the mounting bracket and the oil outlet.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0014] By combining the outer shell with the dual air curtain sealing mechanism, two high-pressure airflow barriers are employed: a first air curtain located in the first annular cavity and a second air curtain located in the second annular cavity. Compared with traditional single air curtain seals, this can more effectively prevent external dust, cutting fluid, and other contaminants from entering the bearing area, significantly improving spindle life. Both the first and second throttling components are equipped with passage grooves, which can reduce the flow rate of high-pressure gas and stabilize the pressure, ensuring uniform gas film distribution and preventing seal failure caused by air pressure fluctuations. The first and second annular groove groups on the surface of the main shaft can guide airflow to form a more stable air curtain layer, enhancing the sealing effect. The mounting bracket and the additional ring adopt a split structure, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of sealing components and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] 1. Outer shell; 101. Main shaft; 2. Double air curtain sealing mechanism; 201. First fixing block; 202. First air inlet; 203. First air inlet channel; 204. First balance gap; 205. First throttling element; 206. First annular cavity; 207. First annular groove group; 208. Second annular groove group; 209. Second air inlet; 210. Second balance gap; 211. Second throttling element; 212. Second annular cavity; 3. Water inlet; 4. Water outlet; 5. Oil injection annular groove; 6. Oil outlet annular groove; 7. Cooling spiral groove; 8. Mounting bracket; 9. Oil outlet; 10. Oil inlet; 11. Adding ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-5The diagram illustrates a hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure, comprising a housing 1. A double air curtain sealing mechanism 2 is provided on the outer side of the housing 1. The double air curtain sealing mechanism 2 includes a first fixing block 201 fixedly connected to one side of the housing 1. A first air inlet 202 is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block 201. The bottom end of the first air inlet 202 communicates with a first air intake channel 203, which is located inside the first fixing block 201. The inner end of the first air intake channel 203 communicates with a first balancing gap 20. 4. A first throttling element 205 is provided at the inner end of the first balancing gap 204. A through groove is provided in the middle of the first throttling element 205. The first throttling element 205 is fixedly connected to the inside of the first fixed block 201. A first annular cavity 206 is connected to the side of the first throttling element 205 away from the first balancing gap 204. A main rotating shaft 101 is provided inside the first annular cavity 206. Two sets of first annular groove groups 207 are provided on the surface of the main rotating shaft 101. The main rotating shaft 101 is located away from the first annular groove group 207. Two sets of second annular groove groups 208 are formed on one end surface of 07. The first annular groove group 207 and the second annular groove group 208 help to form an air curtain to achieve double sealing. A mounting bracket 8 is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell 1. A mounting ring 11 is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting bracket 8. Subsequent parts are installed through the mounting ring 11. The mounting ring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the main rotating shaft 101. A second air inlet 209 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting ring 11. A second high-pressure airflow is introduced through the second air inlet 209. The inner end of the second air inlet 209 is connected to the second balance gap 210. The inner end of the second balance gap 210 is provided with a second throttling element 211. A through groove is opened in the middle part of the second throttling element 211. The gas pressure is reduced by the second throttling element 211 and the first throttling element 205 to ensure the stability of the gas film. The second throttling element 211 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting ring 11. A second annular cavity 212 is opened between the mounting ring 11 and the main rotating shaft 101. The second annular cavity 212 is used to form a second air curtain.

[0025] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1-5A water inlet 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer casing 1. A cooling spiral groove 7 is fixedly connected inside the water inlet 3. The cooling spiral groove 7 is spirally distributed inside the outer casing 1. The end of the cooling spiral groove 7 away from the water inlet 3 is connected to an outlet 4, and the outlet 4 is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer casing 1. The main shaft 101 is cooled by the cooperation of the water inlet 3, the outlet 4 and the cooling spiral groove 7. An oil inlet 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting bracket 8. An oil outlet annular groove 6 is connected to the inner end of the oil inlet 10, and several sets of oil spray nozzles are installed on the inner side of the oil outlet annular groove 6. An oil spray annular groove 5 is provided on the outer side of the oil outlet annular groove 6. An oil outlet 9 is connected to the right side of the oil spray annular groove 5. The oil outlet 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting bracket 8. Oil is formed on the surface of the main shaft 101 by the cooperation of the mounting bracket 8 and the oil outlet 9. The membrane, through the cooperation of the outer shell 1 and the double air curtain sealing mechanism 2, adopts two high-pressure airflow barriers: a first air curtain located in the first annular cavity 206 and a second air curtain located in the second annular cavity 212. Compared with the traditional single air curtain seal, it can more effectively prevent external dust, cutting fluid and other contaminants from entering the bearing area, significantly improving the spindle life. Both the first throttling element 205 and the second throttling element 211 are provided with passage grooves, which can reduce the flow rate of high-pressure gas and stabilize the pressure, making the air film distribution uniform and avoiding air pressure fluctuations that cause seal failure. The first annular groove group 207 and the second annular groove group 208 are provided on the surface of the main rotating shaft 101, which can guide the airflow to form a more stable air curtain layer and enhance the sealing effect. The mounting bracket 8 and the mounting ring 11 adopt a split structure, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the sealing components and reduces maintenance costs.

[0026] The working principle of this practical application is as follows:

[0027] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1-5 When the main shaft 101 needs to rotate, lubricating oil enters the oil outlet annular groove 6 from the oil inlet 10, and is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the main shaft 101 through the oil spray nozzle. After forming a lubricating film, it is collected through the oil spray annular groove 5 and finally flows back from the oil outlet 9 to achieve circulating lubrication. When sealing is required, high-pressure gas enters from the first air inlet 202, flows into the first balance gap 204 through the first air inlet channel 203, and enters the first annular cavity 206 after being stabilized by the first throttling element 205. This forms the first air curtain barrier between the main shaft 101 and the outer shell 1. Another high-pressure gas enters from the second air inlet 209, and enters the second annular cavity 212 after being adjusted by the second balance gap 210 and the second throttling element 211, forming the second air curtain and further enhancing the sealing effect. Groove auxiliary sealing: The first annular groove group 207 and the second annular groove group 208 on the main rotating shaft 101 optimize the airflow distribution, making the air curtain more uniform and stable. The coolant enters from the water inlet 3, flows spirally along the cooling spiral groove 7, absorbs the heat of the main rotating shaft 101, and is discharged from the water outlet 4, achieving efficient heat dissipation.

[0028] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A double air curtain sealing mechanism (2) is provided on the outer side of the outer shell (1). The double air curtain sealing mechanism (2) includes a first fixing block (201) fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell (1). A first air inlet (202) is fixedly connected to the top of the first fixing block (201). A first air inlet (202) is connected to the bottom of the first air inlet (202) through a first air intake channel (203), and the first air intake channel (203) is opened inside the first fixing block (201). A first balance gap (204) is connected to the inner end of the first air intake channel (203). A first throttling element is provided at the inner end of the first balance gap (204). 205), the middle part of the first throttling device (205) is provided with a through groove, the first throttling device (205) is fixedly connected to the inside of the first fixed block (201), the side of the first throttling device (205) away from the first balance gap (204) is connected to the first annular cavity (206), the inside of the first annular cavity (206) is provided with a main rotating shaft (101), the surface of the main rotating shaft (101) is provided with two sets of first annular groove groups (207), and the surface of the main rotating shaft (101) away from the first annular groove group (207) is provided with two sets of second annular groove groups (208).

2. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting bracket (8) is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer casing (1), and an mounting ring (11) is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting bracket (8).

3. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting ring (11) is sleeved on the outside of the main rotating shaft (101), and the bottom end of the mounting ring (11) is fixedly connected to the second air inlet (209).

4. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner end of the second air inlet (209) is connected to the second balance gap (210), and the inner end of the second balance gap (210) is provided with a second throttling element (211). A through groove is provided in the middle part of the second throttling element (211).

5. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second throttling element (211) is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting ring (11), and a second annular cavity (212) is provided between the mounting ring (11) and the main rotating shaft (101).

6. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected to a water inlet (3), and a cooling spiral groove (7) is fixedly connected inside the water inlet (3). The cooling spiral groove (7) is spirally distributed inside the outer shell (1). The end of the cooling spiral groove (7) away from the water inlet (3) is connected to a water outlet (4), and the water outlet (4) is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell (1).

7. The hydrostatic spindle port sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oil inlet (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting bracket (8). The inner end of the oil inlet (10) is connected to an oil outlet annular groove (6), and several sets of oil spray nozzles are installed on the inner side of the oil outlet annular groove (6). An oil spray annular groove (5) is provided on the outer side of the oil outlet annular groove (6). An oil outlet (9) is connected to the right side of the oil spray annular groove (5). The oil outlet (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting bracket (8).

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