Battery module, battery pack, and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of battery module, battery pack and vehicle, battery module includes: battery group;First end plate;Floating end plate, along first direction, be set between the battery group and the first end plate, the floating end plate is configured as: the battery group of being expanded is pushed and relatively the first end plate moves along the first direction;Resilient piece, along the first direction between the floating end plate and the first end plate is equipped, be configured as: the floating end plate of being moved when the battery group expands compression, or lengthen to push the floating end plate reverse movement, the first direction is the axial direction of resilient piece;Elastomer, along the radial direction of resilient piece between the floating end plate and the resilient piece is set.The battery module, battery pack and vehicle of the utility model, can protect resilient piece, reduce its damage probability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the battery module needs to apply a preset pressure to the battery pack. The battery module includes a fixed end plate, an elastic element, and a floating end plate. The elastic element is elastically supported between the fixed end plate and the floating end plate so as to apply pressure to the battery pack through the floating end plate.

[0003] The battery pack consists of multiple battery cells. During charging and discharging, the volume of each battery cell changes, and the floating end plate moves relative to the fixed end plate. During this movement, the floating end plate may bounce perpendicular to the direction of movement, that is, bounce radially along the elastic element. This radial bounce transmits force to the elastic element located between the floating end plate and the fixed end plate, which can easily damage it. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a battery module that can protect elastic components and reduce the probability of their damage.

[0005] This utility model also proposes a battery pack having the above-mentioned battery module.

[0006] This utility model also proposes a vehicle having the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0007] The battery module according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0008] Battery pack;

[0009] First end plate;

[0010] A floating end plate is disposed between the battery pack and the first end plate along a first direction, and the floating end plate is configured to be pushed by the expanded battery pack and move relative to the first end plate along the first direction.

[0011] An elastic element, disposed between the floating end plate and the first end plate along the first direction, is configured to be compressed by the moving floating end plate when the battery pack expands, or to extend to push the floating end plate to move in the opposite direction, wherein the first direction is the axial direction of the elastic element.

[0012] An elastomer is disposed radially between the floating end plate and the elastic element.

[0013] The battery module according to the embodiment of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0014] When the elastomer is compressed, it can undergo elastic deformation. When it is placed between the floating end plate and the elastic element, the deformation of the elastomer can absorb the offset or tilt when the floating end plate is slightly offset or tilted in the radial direction of the elastic element. This ensures that the elastic element will not be rigidly squeezed due to radial offset, thereby protecting the elastic element and preventing it from deforming, jamming or failing.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the floating end plate is provided with a receiving groove, and the elastic body is disposed in the receiving groove;

[0016] The elastomer is annular, and one end of the elastic element passes through the elastomer.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastomer is connected to the wall of the receiving groove;

[0018] The elastic element includes an inner bushing, an elastic element body, and a first fastener. The inner bushing is disposed within the annular elastic element body and connected to the elastic element body. The first fastener passes through the inner bushing and is fastened to the elastic element body.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an outer sheath is also included, which is sleeved on the elastic body and disposed together with the elastic body in the receiving groove.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the floating end plate includes a first plate body and reinforcing ribs disposed on the side of the first plate body facing the first end plate, wherein the extending direction of some of the reinforcing ribs intersects the extending direction of the remaining reinforcing ribs.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first plate has a through hole, and the floating end plate further includes an annular rib. The annular rib surrounds the through hole and connects to the first plate. The space defined by the annular rib and the through hole together form the receiving groove.

[0022] The outer ring surface of the annular rib is connected to the reinforcing rib.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a first guide portion extending along the first direction, and a second guide portion is provided on the floating end plate. The second guide portion cooperates with the first guide portion to guide the floating end plate to move along the first direction.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a fixedly disposed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate.

[0025] The first end plate has a first arc transition surface between the side of the first end plate away from the second end plate and the bottom surface of the first end plate, and between the side of the first end plate away from the second end plate and the top surface of the first end plate. The first arc transition surface is used to support the tension band.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a fixedly disposed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate and the first end plate to constrain the relative positions of the first end plate and the second end plate.

[0027] The second end plate has a second arc transition surface between the side of the second end plate away from the first end plate and the bottom surface of the second end plate, and between the side of the second end plate away from the first end plate and the top surface of the second end plate. The second arc transition surface is used to support the tension band.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a fixedly disposed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate, and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate. The first end plate has a first groove, and a portion of the tensioning band is located within the first groove.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a fixedly disposed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate, and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate. Each of the floating end plates has a second groove, and a portion of the tensioning band is located within the second groove.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery module includes a fixedly disposed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate, and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate. The second end plate has a third groove, and a portion of the tensioning band is located within the third groove.

[0031] A battery pack according to a second aspect of the present invention includes at least one battery module as described in the above embodiments;

[0032] The battery pack also includes a base plate and a second fastener. Each battery module is disposed on the base plate. The base plate is provided with a connecting protrusion. The first end plate is provided with a connecting groove adapted to the connecting protrusion. The second fastener fastens the first end plate to the corresponding connecting protrusion.

[0033] The vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention includes the battery pack described in the above embodiments.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a top view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating end plate of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure of an embodiment of the present invention (without tensioning belt).

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 100. Battery pack; 110. Individual battery cell;

[0043] 200, First end plate; 210, First arc transition surface; 220, First groove; 230, Connecting groove;

[0044] 300, Floating end plate; 300a, Receiving groove; 310, First plate; 320, Reinforcing rib; 330, Annular rib; 340, Second guide part; 350, Second groove;

[0045] 400, Elastic element; 410, Inner bushing; 420, Elastic element body;

[0046] 500. Elastomers;

[0047] 600, Second end plate; 610, Second circular arc transition surface; 620, Third groove;

[0048] 700, outer sheath;

[0049] 800. First guide section;

[0050] 900. Tensioner belt;

[0051] 10. Base plate; 101. Connecting protrusion;

[0052] 20. Second fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0056] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, operated or used in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical term "contact" should be interpreted broadly, and can be direct contact, contact through an intermediate medium layer, contact between two contacting parties with substantially no interaction force, or contact between two contacting parties with interaction force.

[0061] Please refer to Figures 1-5 This application provides a battery module, including a battery pack 100, a first end plate 200, a floating end plate 300, an elastic element 400, an elastic body 500, and a second end plate 600.

[0062] The first end plate 200 can be a fixed end plate that does not move, or a floating end plate that moves. Specifically, when the first end plate 200 is a fixed end plate, please refer to... Figure 1Along the first direction, the second end plate 600, battery pack 100, floating end plate 300, elastic element 400, and first end plate 200 are arranged sequentially. When the first end plate 200 is a movable floating end plate, the fixed end plate, battery pack, floating end plate, elastic element, first end plate, battery pack, and fixed end plate are arranged sequentially along the first direction. The following is an example... Figure 1 The first end plate 200 shown is a fixed end plate that does not move, which will be used as an example for explanation.

[0063] The battery pack 100 includes multiple battery cells 110, the electrolyte of the battery cells 110 is a solid electrolyte, and the multiple battery cells 110 are stacked along a first direction. During charging, the volume of the battery cells 110 expands, which causes the size of the battery pack 100 in the first direction to increase.

[0064] The second end plate 600 and the floating end plate 300 are respectively disposed at both ends of the battery pack 100 along the first direction. The second end plate 600 is fixedly disposed, and the floating end plate 300 can be pushed by the expanding battery pack 100 to move along the first direction to adapt to the volume change of the battery pack 100.

[0065] An elastic element 400 is disposed between the floating end plate 300 and the first end plate 200 along a first direction. When the battery pack 100 expands, it is compressed by the moving floating end plate 300, or extends to push the floating end plate 300 to move in the opposite direction. The number of elastic elements 400 can be one or more. When there are multiple elastic elements 400, they are spaced apart along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0066] The first direction is the axial direction of the elastic element 400, that is, the compression and rebound directions of the elastic element 400 are axial directions of the elastic element 400. For example, the elastic element 400 is an elastic push rod, such as a gas spring or a spring push rod.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The elastomer 500 is disposed radially between the floating end plate 300 and the elastic element 400. It is understood that the elastomer 500 is made of an elastic material and can undergo elastic deformation under pressure. By being disposed between the floating end plate 300 and the elastic element 400, it can absorb the slight offset or tilt of the floating end plate 300 along the radial direction of the elastic element 400 through the deformation of the elastomer 500. This ensures that the elastic element 400 will not experience rigid compression due to radial offset, thereby protecting the elastic element 400 and preventing deformation, jamming, or failure.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the floating end plate 300 is provided with a receiving groove 300a, and the elastic body 500 is disposed in the receiving groove 300a. The elastic body 500 is limited by the receiving groove 300a to ensure that it does not shift or fall off during radial deformation.

[0069] One end of the elastic element 400 passes through the annular elastic body 500. When the floating end plate 300 is slightly tilted or vibrates, the elastic body 500 is compressed and deformed, thereby reducing the radial impact on the elastic element 400.

[0070] The receiving groove 300a is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the elastic element 400. The structure of the annular elastic body 500 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, the inner and outer annular surfaces of the elastic body 500 can both be annular, or multiple protrusions or grooves can be formed on the outer ring along the circumference to adjust its radial stiffness and damping characteristics.

[0071] In some embodiments, the elastomer 500 is connected to the wall of the receiving groove 300a. Optionally, the two are interference-fitted or glued together, or the wall of the receiving groove 300a is provided with a groove to embed the connecting elastomer 500, or a combination of the above connection methods. Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In other examples, an outer sheath 700 is also included, which is sleeved on the elastic body 500 and is disposed together with the elastic body 500 in the receiving groove 300a. The connection method between the outer sheath 700 and the elastic body 500 can refer to the connection method between the elastic body 500 and the groove wall of the receiving groove 300a described above. The outer sheath 700 is threaded to the groove wall of the receiving groove 300a or the connection method described above can be used.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The elastic element 400 includes an inner bushing 410, an elastic element body 420, and a first fastener. The inner bushing 410 is disposed within and connected to the annular elastic body 500. Wherein, Figure 3 In the middle, the elastic element body 420 is not cut open for display.

[0073] The first fastener passes through the inner bushing 410 and securely connects to the elastic body 420. The axial end face of the elastic body 420 has a fastening hole, through which the fastener passes the inner bushing 410 and locks the inner bushing 410 and the elastic body 500.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 4In some embodiments, the floating end plate 300 includes a first plate 310 and reinforcing ribs 320 disposed on the side of the first plate 310 facing the first end plate 200. The extending directions of some reinforcing ribs 320 intersect with the extending directions of the remaining reinforcing ribs 320, thereby reducing the weight of the floating end plate 300 while improving its structural rigidity. Multiple sets of reinforcing ribs 320 are arranged longitudinally and laterally and are staggered.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first plate 310 has a through hole, and the floating end plate 300 further includes an annular rib 330. The annular rib 330 surrounds the through hole and connects to the first plate 310. The space defined by the annular rib 330 and the through hole together form a receiving groove 300a. The outer ring surface of the annular rib 330 is connected to a reinforcing rib 320, thereby supporting the annular rib 330 through the reinforcing rib 320, thereby improving its rigidity and preventing it from deforming under radial force.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the battery module includes a first guide portion 800 extending along a first direction, and a second guide portion 340 is provided on the floating end plate 300. The second guide portion 340 cooperates with the first guide portion 800 to guide the floating end plate 300 to move along the first direction. This can limit the degree of jumping or deflection of the floating end plate 300, so that it can only deflect or jump within the tolerance range, thereby reducing the amount of deformation required for the elastomer 500.

[0077] For example, the battery module includes two first guide portions 800 extending along a first direction. The two first guide portions 800 are spaced apart along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. For example, the first direction is the length direction of the battery module, and the second direction is the width direction of the battery module.

[0078] The floating end plate 300 is constrained between two first guide portions 800, and the floating end plate 300 is provided with a second guide portion 340. The second guide portion 340 and the first guide portion 800 are respectively a groove extending along a first direction and a guide rail extending along the first direction.

[0079] For example, the first guide part 800 is a guide rail, which is a hollow rectangular guide rail and is set on the base plate 10. The second guide part 340 is a slide groove, which is set at the connection position between the side and the bottom of the floating end plate 300.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 1In some embodiments, the battery module includes a second end plate 600 and at least one tensioning band 900. The second end plate 600 and the floating end plate 300 are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack 100 along a first direction. The tensioning band 900 is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate 600, the battery pack 100, the floating end plate 300, and the first end plate 200 to constrain the relative position of the first end plate 200 and the second end plate 600, preventing relative displacement when the battery volume expands. Optionally, two tensioning bands 900 are provided, spaced apart along a second direction. The tensioning band 900 can be a flat metal strip, such as a steel strip.

[0081] Because the tension belt 900 bears a large force, to prevent the tension belt 900 from breaking at the bend, please refer to... Figure 5 A first arc transition surface 210 is provided between the side of the first end plate 200 away from the second end plate 600 and the bottom surface of the first end plate 200, and between the side of the first end plate 200 away from the second end plate 600 and the top surface of the first end plate 200. The first arc transition surface 210 is used to support the tension band 900, thereby increasing the radius of its bend and reducing stress concentration.

[0082] Similarly, please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, a second arc transition surface 610 is provided between the side of the second end plate 600 away from the first end plate 200 and the bottom surface of the second end plate 600, and between the side of the second end plate 600 away from the first end plate 200 and the top surface of the second end plate 600. The second arc transition surface 610 is used to support the tension band 900, thereby increasing the radius of its bend and reducing stress concentration.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the first end plate 200 has a first groove 220, and the tension band 900 is partially located in the first groove 220. The position of the tension band 900 is restricted by the first groove 220. Similarly, the floating end plate 300 has a second groove 350, and the tension band 900 is partially located in the second groove 350; the second end plate 600 has a third groove 620, and the tension band 900 is partially located in the third groove 620.

[0084] For example, the top and bottom surfaces of the first end plate 200 each have a first groove 220. The top and bottom surfaces of the floating end plate 300 each have a second groove 350. The top and bottom surfaces of the second end plate 600 each have a third groove 620. In this way, the annular tension band 900 can extend within the aforementioned grooves, thereby preventing the tension band 900 from occupying additional space in the top-bottom direction, thus reducing the overall size of the battery module in the top-bottom direction.

[0085] To reduce the weight of the first end plate 200 and the second end plate 600, in some embodiments, multiple weight-reducing grooves are formed on the first end plate 200 and the second end plate 600. It should be noted that within the area covered by the tension band 900, the depth of the weight-reducing grooves is less than that of other areas, or the thickness of the reinforcing ribs between adjacent weight-reducing grooves is greater than that of other areas, to ensure that the structural strength of the area covered by the tension band 900 meets the usage requirements.

[0086] This application also provides a battery pack, including at least one battery module. That is, the battery pack may integrate multiple battery modules or may only have one battery module.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 5 The battery pack also includes a base plate 10 and a second fastener 20, wherein the base plate 10 provides an mounting reference and each battery module is mounted on the base plate 10.

[0088] The base plate 10 is provided with a connecting protrusion 101, which is part of the base plate 10. Specifically, the base plate 10 includes the base plate body and the aforementioned connecting protrusion 101. The connecting protrusion 101 can be welded or directly formed on the base plate body.

[0089] The first end plate 200 is provided with a connecting groove 230 that is adapted to the connecting protrusion 101. Optionally, there are multiple connecting protrusions 101, and each connecting protrusion 101 corresponds to a connecting groove 230.

[0090] The second fastener 20 secures the first end plate 200 to the corresponding connecting protrusion 101. In this way, the force that fixes the first end plate 200 can be transmitted to the body of the base plate 10 through the connecting protrusion 101, thereby effectively dispersing stress and reducing the thickness requirement of the base plate 10 during the design process.

[0091] Similarly, the second end plate 600 can also be connected to the base plate 10 using the same structure.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, both the first end plate 200 and the second end plate 600 include multiple connecting grooves 230 spaced apart along a second direction, and multiple through holes corresponding to the connecting grooves 230. Each through hole is used to pass through a second fastener 20. The through hole passes through the first end plate 200 or the second end plate 600 along the height direction. The second fastener 20 passes through the through hole in sequence and engages with the connecting protrusion 101 in a threaded engagement to achieve a secure locking. A tension band 900 is provided between two adjacent through holes to ensure that the force on the tension band 900 can be evenly transmitted to the base plate 10, avoiding localized stress concentration.

[0093] Optionally, there are three connecting grooves 230, which are equidistantly distributed on the bottom surface of the first end plate 200 and correspond one-to-one with the three connecting protrusions 101 on the base plate 10.

[0094] This application also provides a vehicle including the battery pack described in the above embodiments. The battery pack serves as the core power source, supplying power to the vehicle's drive system and electronic control unit.

[0095] The vehicles can be private cars, such as sedans, SUVs, MPVs, or pickup trucks. They can also be commercial vehicles, such as vans, buses, small trucks, or large semi-trailers. Vehicles can be hybrid vehicles or pure electric vehicles.

[0096] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and all should be covered within the scope of the specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: Battery pack; First end plate; A floating end plate is disposed between the battery pack and the first end plate along a first direction, and the floating end plate is configured to be pushed by the expanded battery pack and move relative to the first end plate along the first direction. An elastic element, disposed between the floating end plate and the first end plate along the first direction, is configured to be compressed by the moving floating end plate when the battery pack expands, or to extend to push the floating end plate to move in the opposite direction, wherein the first direction is the axial direction of the elastic element. An elastomer is disposed radially between the floating end plate and the elastic element.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating end plate is provided with a receiving groove, and the elastic body is disposed in the receiving groove; The elastomer is annular, and one end of the elastic element passes through the elastomer.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastomer is connected to the wall of the receiving groove; The elastic element includes an inner bushing, an elastic element body, and a first fastener. The inner bushing is disposed within the annular elastic element body and connected to the elastic element body. The first fastener passes through the inner bushing and is fastened to the elastic element body.

4. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an outer sheath, which is fitted onto the elastomer and disposed together with the elastomer in the receiving groove.

5. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floating end plate includes a first plate and reinforcing ribs disposed on the side of the first plate facing the first end plate, wherein the extension direction of some of the reinforcing ribs intersects the extension direction of the remaining reinforcing ribs.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first plate has a through hole, and the floating end plate also includes an annular rib. The annular rib surrounds the through hole and connects to the first plate. The space defined by the annular rib and the through hole together form the receiving groove. The outer ring surface of the annular rib is connected to the reinforcing rib.

7. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module includes a first guide portion extending along the first direction, and a second guide portion is provided on the floating end plate. The second guide portion cooperates with the first guide portion to guide the floating end plate to move along the first direction.

8. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module includes a fixed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate. The first end plate has a first arc transition surface between the side of the first end plate away from the second end plate and the bottom surface of the first end plate, and between the side of the first end plate away from the second end plate and the top surface of the first end plate. The first arc transition surface is used to support the tension band. And / or, The second end plate has a second arc transition surface between the side of the second end plate away from the first end plate and the bottom surface of the second end plate, and between the side of the second end plate away from the first end plate and the top surface of the second end plate. The second arc transition surface is used to support the tension band.

9. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module includes a fixed second end plate and at least one tensioning band. The second end plate and the floating end plate are clamped at opposite ends of the battery pack along the first direction. The tensioning band is sleeved on the outside of the second end plate, the battery pack, the floating end plate and the first end plate to constrain the relative position of the first end plate and the second end plate. The first end plate has a first groove, and the tensioning band portion is located within the first groove; And / or, the floating end plate has a second groove, and the tensioning band portion is located within the second groove; And / or, the second end plate has a third groove, and the tensioning band portion is located within the third groove.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes at least one battery module as described in any one of claims 1-9; The battery pack also includes a base plate and a second fastener. Each battery module is disposed on the base plate. The base plate is provided with a connecting protrusion. The first end plate is provided with a connecting groove adapted to the connecting protrusion. The second fastener fastens the first end plate to the corresponding connecting protrusion.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in claim 10.

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