Battery cells, battery packs and electrical devices

Abstract

This utility model discloses a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. The battery cell includes a housing, an electrode assembly, and an insulating film. The electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and the insulating film is disposed within the housing and located between the electrode assembly and the housing. The insulating film includes a film body and an energy-absorbing structure disposed within the film body. According to the battery cell of this utility model, by adding an energy-absorbing structure within the film body, when the battery cell is subjected to an external impact, the energy-absorbing structure can absorb the impact energy transmitted from the housing to the insulating film, thereby playing a buffering role and reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly. This reduces the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the electrode assembly. Furthermore, the insulating film can simultaneously provide insulation protection and buffering protection, thus improving the protective performance of the electrode assembly during a collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery device, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle industry, the market share of electric vehicles is increasing daily. Since electric vehicles are powered by batteries, when a high-speed collision causes the vehicle structure to deform and compress the battery pack, the battery pack's casing cannot fully absorb the energy. The remaining impact energy is transferred to the individual battery cells, easily causing damage to the internal electrode assembly. Therefore, improving the protection performance of the internal electrode assembly during a collision has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a battery cell, a battery device and an electrical device, wherein the battery cell can improve the protection performance of the electrode assembly during a collision.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery cell, comprising: a housing; an electrode assembly disposed within the housing; and an insulating film disposed within the housing and located between the electrode assembly and the housing, wherein the insulating film comprises a film body and an energy-absorbing structure disposed within the film body.

[0005] In the above technical solution, by adding an energy-absorbing structure to the membrane body, when the battery cell is subjected to an external impact, the energy-absorbing structure can absorb the impact energy transmitted from the casing to the insulating membrane and play a buffering role, thereby reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly and reducing the risk of damage to the electrode assembly. In this way, the insulating membrane can take into account both insulation protection and buffer protection, so as to improve the protection performance of the electrode assembly during collision.

[0006] In some embodiments, the hardness of the energy-absorbing structure is greater than the hardness of the membrane body.

[0007] In the above-mentioned scheme, after the insulating film receives the impact energy transmitted by the shell, the energy-absorbing structure can absorb the impact energy by breaking and separating from the film body, thereby reducing the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly. Furthermore, by increasing the brittleness of the energy-absorbing structure, the energy-absorbing structure can be broken under a small external force to absorb the impact energy, thereby further reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly and improving the buffer protection performance of the insulating film.

[0008] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing structure comprises brittle material particles.

[0009] In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting brittle material particles in the membrane body, after the insulating membrane bears the impact energy transmitted by the shell, the impact energy transmitted from the shell to the insulating membrane can be absorbed by the fracture of the interface between the brittle material particles and the membrane body, as well as the fragmentation of the brittle material particles themselves. This can achieve a good buffering effect to reduce the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the damage to the electrode assembly caused by the impact.

[0010] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles are spherical, flake-like, or fibrous.

[0011] In this approach, spherical brittle material particles can be uniformly distributed within the membrane matrix, thereby enhancing the energy absorption effect of the brittle material particles. Furthermore, plate-like or fibrous brittle material particles can extend the fracture path between the brittle material particles and the membrane matrix, thus improving the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least one of ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica sheets, and silicon carbide whiskers.

[0013] In the above-mentioned scheme, ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica sheets, and silicon carbide whiskers can give brittle material particles good brittleness, thereby improving the efficiency of brittle material particles in absorbing energy after receiving impact energy.

[0014] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles comprise a variety of particles with different sizes.

[0015] In this scheme, smaller brittle material particles more stably break through larger brittle material particles, causing the larger brittle material particles to shatter and absorb impact energy, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing structure.

[0016] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, wherein the first particle has a first particle size, the second particle has a second particle size, and the ratio of the first particle size to the second particle size is greater than 10.

[0017] In the above scheme, the particle size difference between the first particle and the second particle can be increased, thereby increasing the pressure exerted on the first particle when the second particle comes into contact with the first particle. This allows the first particle to stably break and absorb impact energy, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect of the insulating film.

[0018] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, wherein the first particle has a first particle size and the second particle has a second particle size, the first particle size ranges from 1 to 10 μm and the second particle size ranges from 5 to 50 nm.

[0019] In the above-mentioned scheme, the particle size difference between the first particle and the second particle can be increased, thereby increasing the pressure exerted on the first particle when the second particle comes into contact with the first particle. This allows the first particle to stably break and absorb impact energy, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect of the insulating film and also enables the manufacturability of the insulating film.

[0020] In some embodiments, the insulating film includes an outer film layer and an inner film layer stacked together. The outer film layer is disposed on the side of the inner film layer facing away from the electrode assembly. Both the outer film layer and the inner film layer include a plurality of brittle material particles, wherein the specific gravity of the brittle material particles in the outer film layer is lower than that of the brittle material particles in the inner film layer.

[0021] In this approach, the number of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer can be increased. A higher number of these particles means more energy is absorbed when they break or fragment, thus enhancing the energy absorption and buffering effect of the outer membrane layer and consequently improving the overall energy absorption and buffering effect of the insulating membrane. Conversely, the number of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer can be reduced. Smaller particles have less impact on the overall softness and integrity of the inner membrane layer, meaning it is less prone to fracture. This improves the basic toughness of the insulating membrane and reduces the risk of overall membrane breakage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the weight w1 of all the brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer and the weight w2 of the outer membrane layer satisfy: 15% ≤ w1 / w2 ≤ 25%; the weight w3 of all the brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer and the weight w4 of the inner membrane layer satisfy: 5% ≤ w3 / w4 < 15%.

[0023] In this scheme, the proportion of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer can be increased to improve the energy absorption effect of the outer membrane, while the proportion of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer can be reduced to reduce the risk of inner membrane layer fracture, so that the insulating membrane can take into account both energy absorption and buffering performance and integrity.

[0024] In some embodiments, the thickness of the outer membrane layer is greater than the thickness of the inner membrane layer.

[0025] In this approach, by setting the outer membrane layer to a thicker thickness, it is easier to add more brittle material particles to the outer membrane layer, thereby improving the energy absorption and buffering effect of the outer membrane layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, the total weight w5 of the energy-absorbing structure and the weight w6 of the insulating film satisfy the following condition: 5% ≤ w5 / w6 ≤ 25%.

[0027] In this approach, the risk of overall breakage of the insulating film due to excessively high proportion of brittle material particles can be reduced. At the same time, the insulating film contains a sufficient number of brittle material particles to enhance its energy absorption and buffering effect, allowing the insulating film to balance energy absorption and buffering performance with integrity.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention provides a battery device, comprising: a housing; and a battery cell as described in the first aspect embodiment, wherein the battery cell is disposed within the housing.

[0029] In the above technical solution, by setting the above-mentioned battery cell, the protective performance of the insulating film on the electrode assembly during a collision can be improved, thereby improving the safety of the battery device after a collision.

[0030] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electrical device, including: the battery device of the second aspect embodiment described above.

[0031] In the above technical solution, by setting up the aforementioned battery device, the safety of the vehicle after a collision can be improved.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating film of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view along the thickness direction of the insulating film of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the outer and inner insulating layers of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 1000. Electrical appliances;

[0043] 100. Battery assembly; 20. Housing;

[0044] 10. Battery cell; 1. Casing; 2. Electrode assembly; 3. Insulating film; 3a. Outer film layer; 3b. Inner film layer; 31. Membrane body; 32. Energy absorption structure;

[0045] 200. Vehicle body. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0048] In this invention, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "attachment," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this invention, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0051] In the embodiments of this utility model, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this utility model shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this utility model.

[0052] In this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two).

[0053] In the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0054] In the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this utility model can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0055] In embodiments of this invention, the battery apparatus may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or a combination of these cells via a busbar. For example, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells; a battery cell assembly can also be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells into a single module. As an example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0056] The battery device can be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cells housed within the housing. The individual battery cells can be battery modules, which can be housed within the housing by securing the battery modules to the housing; alternatively, multiple individual battery cells can be housed within the housing by directly securing them to the housing.

[0057] In embodiments of this invention, the housing may include a first housing and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing for housing individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or shutting down; it can be sealed or unsealed. The first housing may be a top cover or a bottom plate. For example, the housing may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, forming a closed space inside the housing for housing individual battery cells.

[0058] In embodiments of this invention, the housing can be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing can be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing can be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this embodiment of the invention is not limited to these types. The battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, and this embodiment of the invention is not limited to these shapes either. Battery cells are generally classified into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and this embodiment of the invention is not limited to these types either.

[0060] A battery cell, as the smallest energy unit of a battery device, includes a casing and electrode assemblies disposed within the casing. The electrode assemblies are the components within the battery cell where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing may contain one or more electrode assemblies. Electrode assemblies are mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode plates, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode plates. The portions of the positive and negative electrode plates containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode plates without active material each constitute a tab.

[0061] The positive electrode sheet may include a positive current collector and a positive electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the positive current collector, the positive electrode film layer including a positive electrode active material.

[0062] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0063] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector.

[0064] The negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode film layer disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode film layer including a negative electrode active material.

[0065] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode film layer is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0066] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be made of metal foil, foam metal, or composite current collector.

[0067] Currently, judging from market trends, battery applications are becoming increasingly widespread. Batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application areas of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0068] In related technologies, when an electric vehicle experiences a high-speed collision that causes the vehicle structure to deform and compress the battery pack, the battery pack's casing cannot completely absorb the energy. The remaining impact energy is then transferred to the individual battery cells, easily causing damage to the internal electrode assembly of those cells. Therefore, improving the protection performance of the internal electrode assembly during a collision has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0069] Based on this, the present invention proposes a battery cell, comprising: a housing, an electrode assembly, and an insulating film, wherein the electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and the insulating film is disposed within the housing and located between the electrode assembly and the housing, and the insulating film comprises a film body and an energy-absorbing structure disposed within the film body.

[0070] In the aforementioned battery cell, by adding an energy-absorbing structure within the membrane body, when the battery cell is subjected to an external impact, the energy-absorbing structure can absorb the impact energy transmitted from the casing to the insulating membrane, thereby playing a buffering role and reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly. This reduces the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the electrode assembly. In turn, the insulating membrane can take into account both insulation protection and buffer protection, thus improving the protective performance of the electrode assembly during a collision.

[0071] The battery device disclosed in this embodiment can be used in electrical devices that use a battery device as a power source or in various energy storage systems that use a battery device as an energy storage element. Besides vehicles, the battery device can also be used in, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0072] The electrical device disclosed in this utility model embodiment can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device is installed inside the vehicle, and the battery device can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery device can be used to power the vehicle; for example, the battery device can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller and a motor. The controller is used to control the battery device to supply power to the motor, for example, for the vehicle's starting, navigation, and operating power needs. In some embodiments of this utility model, the battery device can not only serve as the vehicle's operating power source but also as the vehicle's drive power source, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0073] The following is for reference. Figures 1-7 This invention describes a battery cell 10, a battery device 100, and an electrical device 1000 according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0074] refer to Figures 1-4 In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery cell 10, comprising: a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2 and an insulating film 3, wherein the electrode assembly 2 is disposed within the housing 1, and the insulating film 3 is disposed within the housing 1 and located between the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1, and the insulating film 3 comprises a film body 31 and an energy-absorbing structure 32 disposed on the film body 31.

[0075] It is understandable that the energy-absorbing structure 32 can absorb impact energy to reduce the subsequent transmission of impact energy. Since the insulating film 3 is located between the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1, by adding the energy-absorbing structure 32 inside the film body 31, that is, by setting the energy-absorbing structure 32 between the housing 1 and the electrode assembly 2, when the battery cell 10 is subjected to an external impact, the energy-absorbing structure 32 can absorb the impact energy transmitted from the housing 1 to the insulating film 3, thereby playing a buffering role and reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly 2. This reduces the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly 2 and reduces the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 2. In this way, the insulating film 3 can take into account both insulation protection and buffer protection, thereby improving the protection performance of the electrode assembly 2 during a collision.

[0076] In the aforementioned battery cell 10, by adding an energy-absorbing structure 32 inside the membrane body 31, when the battery cell 10 is subjected to an external impact, the energy-absorbing structure 32 can absorb the impact energy transmitted from the shell 1 to the insulating membrane 3 and play a buffering role, thereby reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly 2, thereby reducing the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly 2 and reducing the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 2. In this way, the insulating membrane 3 can take into account both insulation protection and buffer protection, so as to improve the protection performance of the electrode assembly 2 during collision.

[0077] The membrane body 31 can be an insulating plastic film to improve the insulation performance of the insulating film 3. For example, the membrane body 31 can be a Mylar film, etc. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0078] In some embodiments, the hardness of the energy-absorbing structure 32 is greater than the hardness of the membrane body 31.

[0079] The energy-absorbing structure 32 is a solid and has a different hardness than the membrane body 31, which weakens the interface between the energy-absorbing structure 32 and the membrane body 31. That is, the energy-absorbing structure 32 is easier to separate from the membrane body 31. In addition, the energy-absorbing structure 32 is more brittle than the membrane body 31. Understandably, the greater the brittleness of the energy-absorbing structure 32, the smaller the external force required for the energy-absorbing structure 32 to break.

[0080] In the above-mentioned scheme, after the insulating film 3 receives the impact energy transmitted by the housing 1, the energy-absorbing structure 32 can absorb the impact energy by breaking and separating from the film body 31, thereby reducing the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly 2. Furthermore, by increasing the brittleness of the energy-absorbing structure 32, the energy-absorbing structure 32 can be broken under a small external force to absorb the impact energy, thereby further reducing the transmission of impact energy to the electrode assembly 2 and improving the buffer protection performance of the insulating film 3.

[0081] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing structure 32 comprises brittle material particles.

[0082] The membrane body 31 is usually a soft film. The membrane body 31 is made of a different material than the brittle material particles, which can better weaken the interface between the membrane body 31 and the brittle material particles. That is, the outer surface of the brittle material particles is easy to separate from the membrane body 31. In addition, the brittle material particles will break under a small external force, so the impact energy transmitted from the shell 1 to the insulating membrane 3 can be absorbed through the breakage of the brittle material particles.

[0083] In the above-mentioned scheme, by setting brittle material particles in the membrane body 31, after the insulating membrane 3 bears the impact energy transmitted by the shell 1, the impact energy transmitted from the shell 1 to the insulating membrane 3 can be absorbed by the fracture of the interface between the brittle material particles and the membrane body 31 and the fragmentation of the brittle material particles themselves. This can achieve a good buffering effect to reduce the impact energy borne by the electrode assembly 2, thereby reducing the damage to the electrode assembly 2 caused by the impact.

[0084] Furthermore, adding brittle material particles to the membrane body 31 is relatively easy, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the insulating film 3 and achieving its manufacturability. Specifically, the insulating film 3 is typically produced using extrusion and calendering film-forming processes. If the membrane body 31 is made of polypropylene, a specified amount of brittle material particles can be melt-blended with polypropylene particles according to a set ratio, allowing the brittle material particles to be uniformly dispersed in the polypropylene melt. Through extrusion and calendering film-forming processes, a raw material film uniformly doped with brittle material particles is obtained, which is then further processed to form the finished insulating film 3.

[0085] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles are spherical, flake-like, or fibrous.

[0086] Spherical brittle material particles have good flowability. Therefore, during the production of the insulating film 3, these particles can flow in the polypropylene solution, allowing them to be uniformly distributed within the film body 31. When the brittle material particles are in the form of flakes or fibers, when the impact energy borne by the shell 1 is transferred to the brittle material particles of the insulating film 3, the flakes or fibers can stably guide the cracks between the brittle material particles and the film body 31 to extend along the brittle material particles.

[0087] In this scheme, spherical brittle material particles can be uniformly distributed in the membrane body 31, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the brittle material particles. In addition, plate-like or fibrous brittle material particles can extend the fracture path between the brittle material particles and the membrane body 31, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing structure 32.

[0088] It should be noted that the same insulating film 3 may contain only one type of brittle material particles, that is, the same insulating film 3 may contain only one type of spherical, flake, or fibrous brittle material particles; or the same insulating film 3 may contain multiple shapes of brittle material particles, that is, at least two types of spherical, flake, or fibrous particles, such as the same insulating film 3 may contain both spherical and flake brittle material particles, or the same insulating film 3 may contain spherical, flake, and fibrous brittle material particles, etc., without specific limitations.

[0089] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least one of ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica sheets, and silicon carbide whiskers.

[0090] The brittle material particles may include only one of the following: ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica flakes, and silicon carbide whiskers. For example, the brittle material particles may include only ceramic particles, or only glass microspheres, or only calcium carbonate particles, or only mica flakes, or only silicon carbide whiskers. Alternatively, the brittle material particles may simultaneously include multiple of the following: ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica flakes, and silicon carbide whiskers. Here, "multiple" refers to two or more types. For example, the brittle material particles may simultaneously include ceramic particles and mica flakes, or simultaneously include ceramic particles and silicon carbide whiskers, or simultaneously include mica flakes and silicon carbide whiskers, or simultaneously include ceramic particles, mica flakes, and silicon carbide whiskers, or simultaneously include ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica flakes, and silicon carbide whiskers, etc. Examples will not be listed here.

[0091] In the above-mentioned scheme, ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica sheets, and silicon carbide whiskers can give brittle material particles good brittleness, thereby improving the efficiency of brittle material particles in absorbing energy after receiving impact energy.

[0092] Among them, ceramic particles, glass microspheres, and calcium carbonate particles are spherical particles, mica sheets are plate-shaped particles, and silicon carbide whiskers are fibrous particles. Therefore, by arbitrarily combining ceramic particles, glass microspheres, and calcium carbonate particles with mica sheets and silicon carbide whiskers, the variety of shapes of brittle material particles can be increased to improve the energy absorption effect of energy-absorbing structure 32.

[0093] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include a variety of particles with different sizes. These particles can be spherical or non-spherical, with the size of spherical particles expressed as their diameter. For non-spherical particles, there are generally three methods to define their particle size: projected diameter, geometric equivalent diameter, and physical equivalent diameter. The projected diameter refers to the particle size observed under a microscope. The geometric equivalent diameter is the diameter of a spherical particle when it is equal to a certain geometric quantity of the particle. The physical equivalent diameter is the diameter of a spherical particle when it is equal to a certain physical quantity of the particle.

[0094] The same insulating film 3 contains a variety of particles with different sizes. When two brittle material particles come into contact, the contact area between the two brittle material particles with different sizes is smaller than that between two particles with the same size. Specifically, the contact area between the smaller brittle material particle and the larger brittle material particle is smaller, which makes the pressure exerted by the smaller brittle material particle on the larger brittle material particle greater.

[0095] In this scheme, smaller brittle material particles more stably break through larger brittle material particles, causing the larger brittle material particles to shatter and absorb impact energy, thereby improving the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing structure 32.

[0096] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, the first particle having a first particle size and the second particle having a second particle size, and the ratio of the first particle size to the second particle size being greater than 10.

[0097] That is, the particle size difference between the first and second particles is controlled to be more than ten times.

[0098] In the above scheme, the particle size difference between the first particle and the second particle can be increased, thereby increasing the pressure exerted on the first particle when the second particle comes into contact with the first particle. This allows the first particle to stably break and absorb impact energy, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect of the insulating film 3.

[0099] The ratio of the first particle size to the second particle size can be 11, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 2000, etc., and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0100] In some embodiments, the brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, the first particle having a first particle size and the second particle having a second particle size, the first particle size ranging from 1 to 10 μm and the second particle size ranging from 5 to 50 nm.

[0101] The first particle is a micron-sized particle, and the second particle is a nano-sized particle. Furthermore, the membrane body 31 is thin, typically 0.05-0.2 mm thick. By using micron-sized and micron-sized brittle material particles, the particle size of the brittle material particles is controlled to be smaller than the thickness of the membrane body 31, making it easier to add the brittle material particles into the membrane body 31.

[0102] In the above-mentioned scheme, the particle size difference between the first particle and the second particle can be increased, thereby increasing the pressure exerted on the first particle when the second particle comes into contact with the first particle. This allows the first particle to stably break and absorb impact energy, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect of the insulating film 3 and also enables the manufacturability of the insulating film 3.

[0103] The particle size of the first particle can be 1um, 2um, 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um, 10um, etc., and the particle size of the second particle can be 5nm, 10nm, 15nm, 20nm, 25nm, 30nm, 35nm, 40nm, 45nm, 50nm, etc.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the insulating film 3 includes an outer film layer 3a and an inner film layer 3b stacked together. The outer film layer 3a is disposed on the side of the inner film layer 3b away from the electrode assembly 2. Both the outer film layer 3a and the inner film layer 3b include multiple brittle material particles. The specific gravity of the brittle material particles in the outer film layer 3a is lower than that in the inner film layer 3b.

[0105] The specific gravity of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a refers to the ratio of the total weight of all brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a to the weight of the outer membrane layer 3a. The higher the specific gravity of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a, the more brittle material particles there are in the outer membrane layer 3a. The specific gravity of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b refers to the ratio of the total weight of all brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b to the weight of the inner membrane layer 3b. The lower the specific gravity of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b, the fewer brittle material particles there are in the inner membrane layer 3b.

[0106] In this approach, the number of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a can be increased. A higher number of brittle material particles allows for greater energy absorption during breakage or fragmentation, thus enhancing the energy absorption and buffering effect of the outer membrane layer 3a, and consequently, the energy absorption and buffering effect of the insulating membrane 3. Furthermore, the number of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b can be reduced. Smaller particles have less impact on the overall softness and integrity of the inner membrane layer 3b, meaning it is less prone to fracture. This effectively improves the basic toughness of the insulating membrane 3, reducing the risk of overall fracture.

[0107] In some embodiments, the weight w1 of all brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a and the weight w2 of the outer membrane layer 3a satisfy: 15% ≤ w1 / w2 ≤ 25%, and the weight w3 of all brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b and the weight w4 of the inner membrane layer 3b satisfy: 5% ≤ w3 / w4 < 15%.

[0108] The proportion of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a is controlled between 15wt% and 25wt% (inclusive), and the proportion of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b is controlled between 5wt% and 15wt% (inclusive but exclusive).

[0109] In the above-mentioned scheme, the proportion of brittle material particles in the outer film layer 3a can be increased to improve the energy absorption effect of the outer film layer 3a. At the same time, the proportion of brittle material particles in the inner film layer 3b can be reduced to reduce the risk of breakage of the inner film layer 3b, so that the insulating film 3 can take into account both energy absorption and buffering performance and integrity.

[0110] The proportion of brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer 3a can be 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%, etc., and the proportion of brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer 3b can be 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%, 11wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, etc.

[0111] In some embodiments, the thickness of the outer membrane layer 3a is greater than the thickness of the inner membrane layer 3b.

[0112] In this scheme, by setting the outer membrane layer 3a to a thicker thickness, it is easier to add more brittle material particles to the outer membrane layer 3a, thereby improving the energy absorption and buffering effect of the outer membrane layer 3a.

[0113] In some embodiments, the total weight w5 of the energy-absorbing structure 32 and the weight w6 of the insulating film 3 satisfy: 5% ≤ w5 / w6 ≤ 25%.

[0114] That is, the proportion of brittle material particles in the insulating film 3 is controlled between 5 wt% and 25 wt% (inclusive).

[0115] In the above-mentioned scheme, the risk of the insulation film 3 breaking as a whole due to the excessive proportion of brittle material particles in the insulation film 3 can be reduced. At the same time, the insulation film 3 has enough brittle material particles to improve the energy absorption and buffering effect of the insulation film 3, so that the insulation film 3 can take into account both energy absorption and buffering performance and integrity.

[0116] The specific gravity of the brittle material particles in the insulating film 3 can be 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, 9wt%, 10wt%, 11wt%, 12wt%, 13wt%, 14wt%, 15wt%, 16wt%, 17wt%, 18wt%, 19wt%, 20wt%, 21wt%, 22wt%, 23wt%, 24wt%, 25wt%, etc.

[0117] Secondly, such as Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a battery device 100, including: a housing and a battery cell 10 as described in the first aspect embodiment above, wherein the battery cell 10 is disposed in the housing.

[0118] In the above technical solution, by setting the battery cell 10, the protective performance of the insulating film 3 on the electrode assembly 2 during a collision can be improved, thereby improving the safety of the battery device 100 after a collision.

[0119] Thirdly, referring to Figure 7 The present invention provides an electrical device 1000, including: a battery device 100 according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] The electrical device 1000 can be a vehicle, and the battery device 100 can be installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 200.

[0121] In the above technical solution, by setting the battery device 100, the safety of the vehicle after a collision can be improved.

[0122] The following reference Figures 1-5 The battery cell 10 is described according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0123] Reference Figures 1-5 In this embodiment, the battery cell 10 includes a housing 1, an electrode assembly 2, and an insulating film 3. The electrode assembly 2 is disposed within the housing 1, and the insulating film 3 is disposed within the housing 1 and located between the electrode assembly 2 and the housing 1. The insulating film 3 includes a film body 31 and an energy-absorbing structure 32 disposed on the film body 31. The energy-absorbing structure 32 is brittle material particles, wherein the brittle material particles are spherical, sheet-like, or fibrous. The brittle material particles include at least one of ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica flakes, and silicon carbide whiskers. The brittle material particles include a first particle and a second particle. The particle size range of the first particle is 1-10 μm, and the particle size range of the second particle is 5-50 nm. The total weight w5 of the brittle material particles and the weight w6 of the insulating film 3 satisfy: 5% ≤ w5 / w6 ≤ 25%.

[0124] Furthermore, the insulating film 3 includes an outer film layer 3a and an inner film layer 3b stacked together. The outer film layer 3a is disposed on the side of the inner film layer 3b facing away from the electrode assembly 2. The thickness of the outer film layer 3a is greater than the thickness of the inner film layer 3b. Both the outer film layer 3a and the inner film layer 3b include multiple brittle material particles. The weight w1 of all brittle material particles in the outer film layer 3a and the weight w2 of the outer film layer 3a satisfy: 15% ≤ w1 / w2 ≤ 25%. The weight w3 of all brittle material particles in the inner film layer 3b and the weight w4 of the inner film layer 3b satisfy: 5% ≤ w3 / w4 < 15%.

[0125] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0126] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, include: case; Electrode assembly, disposed within the housing; An insulating film is disposed within the housing and located between the electrode assembly and the housing. The insulating film includes a film body and an energy-absorbing structure disposed on the film body.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The hardness of the energy-absorbing structure is greater than the hardness of the membrane body.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The energy-absorbing structure comprises brittle material particles.

4. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The brittle material particles are spherical, flake-shaped, or fibrous.

5. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The brittle material particles include at least one of ceramic particles, glass microspheres, calcium carbonate particles, mica sheets, and silicon carbide whiskers.

6. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The brittle material particles include a variety of particles with different sizes.

7. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, wherein the first particle has a first particle size, the second particle has a second particle size, and the ratio of the first particle size to the second particle size is greater than 10.

8. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The brittle material particles include at least a first particle and a second particle, wherein the first particle has a first particle size and the second particle has a second particle size, the first particle size ranges from 1 to 10 μm and the second particle size ranges from 5 to 50 nm.

9. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulating film includes an outer film layer and an inner film layer stacked together. The outer film layer is disposed on the side of the inner film layer away from the electrode assembly. Both the outer film layer and the inner film layer include a plurality of brittle material particles, wherein the specific gravity of the brittle material particles in the outer film layer is lower than that of the brittle material particles in the inner film layer.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The weight w1 of all the brittle material particles in the outer membrane layer and the weight w2 of the outer membrane layer satisfy the following condition: 15% ≤ w1 / w2 ≤ 25%; the weight w3 of all the brittle material particles in the inner membrane layer and the weight w4 of the inner membrane layer satisfy the following condition: 5% ≤ w3 / w4 < 15%.

11. The battery cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the outer membrane layer is greater than the thickness of the inner membrane layer.

12. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The total weight w5 of the energy-absorbing structure and the weight w6 of the insulating film satisfy the following condition: 5% ≤ w5 / w6 ≤ 25%.

13. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Box; The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-12 is disposed in the housing.

14. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery device according to claim 13.

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