Display device

Abstract

A display device includes a substrate, a light emitting element layer disposed on the substrate and including a plurality of light emitting areas, an optical layer disposed on the light emitting element layer and including a plurality of structures and a first light blocking pattern, and a color filter layer disposed on the optical layer and including a plurality of color filters and a second light blocking pattern. The optical layer includes a first planarization layer disposed on the light emitting element layer and including a plurality of holes, and a second planarization layer disposed on the plurality of structures and the first light blocking pattern. The plurality of structures are disposed in the plurality of holes and overlap at least two light emitting areas of the plurality of light emitting areas. The first light blocking pattern and the second light blocking pattern do not overlap the plurality of structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of the information age, the demand for various forms of display devices for displaying images has increased. For example, display devices are now used in a variety of electronic devices, such as smartphones, digital cameras, laptops, navigation devices, and smart TVs.

[0003] The display device can be a flat panel display device, such as a liquid crystal display device, a field emission display device, and a light-emitting display device. Light-emitting display devices can include organic light-emitting display devices that include organic light-emitting elements, inorganic light-emitting display devices that include inorganic light-emitting elements such as inorganic semiconductors, and micro light-emitting display devices that include micro light-emitting elements.

[0004] In a display device used in a vehicle, where the display is positioned in front of the driver and passengers, the display can show different corresponding images to each of them. In this case, it may be desirable to control the viewing angle of the image displayed on the vehicle's display device so that the image displayed to and viewed by the passengers does not interfere with the driver's driving. It is desirable to use technology to improve brightness so that the driver and passengers can clearly see the image. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a display device that can increase brightness and make the brightness distribution uniform within the viewing range of the driver and passengers.

[0006] The purposes of this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand from the following description of this disclosure other purposes not mentioned herein.

[0007] According to an aspect of this disclosure, a display device includes: a substrate; a light-emitting element layer disposed on the substrate and including a plurality of light-emitting regions; an optical layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer, wherein the optical layer includes a plurality of structures and a first light-blocking pattern; and a color filter layer disposed on the optical layer, wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of color filters and a second light-blocking pattern, wherein the optical layer further includes: a first planarization layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer and including a plurality of holes; and a second planarization layer disposed on the plurality of structures and the first light-blocking pattern, wherein the plurality of structures are disposed in the plurality of holes and overlap at least two of the plurality of light-emitting regions, and the first light-blocking pattern and the second light-blocking pattern do not overlap with the plurality of structures.

[0008] In an embodiment, the first light-blocking pattern includes a plurality of light-output portions that overlap with a plurality of structures, and the second light-blocking pattern includes a plurality of color holes that overlap with a plurality of light-output portions.

[0009] In this embodiment, the size of each of the multiple color apertures is larger than the size of each of the multiple light output sections.

[0010] In this embodiment, the width of each of the multiple light output portions is equal to the width of the upper surface of each of the multiple structures.

[0011] In the embodiment, the width of each of the multiple light output portions is greater than the width of the upper surface of the multiple structures.

[0012] In one embodiment, the refractive index of each of the plurality of structures is greater than the refractive index of the first planarization layer.

[0013] In this embodiment, the refractive index of the first planarization layer and the refractive index of the second planarization layer are equal to each other.

[0014] In an embodiment, the thickness of the second planarization layer is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the first planarization layer.

[0015] In the embodiments, each of the multiple structures includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and a side surface, wherein the width of the upper surface is greater than the width of the lower surface, and the angle formed by the upper surface and the side surface ranges from 25° to 45°.

[0016] In one embodiment, at least two light-emitting regions are configured to emit light of the same color, and a plurality of color filters overlap with the at least two light-emitting regions configured to emit light of the same color.

[0017] In the display device according to the embodiment, a first light-blocking pattern is provided in the optical layer, and the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer is formed in the range of 1:1 to 1:3, so that high brightness can be uniformly distributed in the range of 15° to 55° viewing angle.

[0018] In some respects, the display device according to the embodiments can solve the problems of brightness and crosstalk that are visually perceptible to drivers and passengers.

[0019] The effects of embodiments according to this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and many more different effects are included in the following description of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other aspects and features of this disclosure will become more apparent from the detailed description of embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view showing a display device according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a plan view showing a display device according to an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 It shows along Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I';

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of a display device according to an embodiment to a vehicle;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device according to an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a plan view showing the light-emitting area, color filter, and optical structure of the display device according to an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 It is shown Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the area;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a plan view showing the first light-blocking pattern and the light-emitting area of ​​the display device according to an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a plan view showing the second light-blocking pattern, the light-output portion, and the color aperture of the display device according to an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of the optical layer of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the optical path of a display device without an optical layer having a first light-blocking pattern;

[0032] Figure 12 and Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example optical path of the optical layer of a display device according to an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 14 It is a graph showing the brightness of the display device based on the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer, according to the viewing angle of the display device;

[0034] Figure 15 It is a graph showing the brightness according to the viewing angle when the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer of the display device without the first light-blocking pattern is 0.95:1.

[0035] Figure 16It is a graph showing the brightness of a display device with a viewing angle based on the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer being 1:1; and

[0036] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Embodiments supported by this disclosure will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the disclosure are illustrated. However, aspects supported by this disclosure may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the exemplary aspects of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0038] It will also be understood that when a layer or substrate is referred to as being "on" another layer or substrate, the layer or substrate may be directly on the other layer or substrate, or an intermediary layer may be present. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0039] It will be understood that although the terms “first” and “second”, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the teachings of this utility model, the first element discussed below may be referred to as the second element. Similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.

[0040] In light of the measurements discussed and the errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity, the terms “approximately” or “about” as used herein include the stated value and a suitable range of deviations from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the terms “approximately” or “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, or ±5% of the stated value.

[0041] The term "substantially" as used in this document means approximately or actually. The term "substantially equal" means approximately or actually equal. The term "substantially identical" means approximately or actually identical. The term "substantially perpendicular" means approximately or actually perpendicular. The term "substantially parallel" means approximately or actually parallel.

[0042] Each of the various features of the embodiments of this disclosure can be combined, either partially or entirely, or with each other, and various interlocks and drives are technically possible. Each embodiment can be implemented independently of each other or can be implemented in combination.

[0043] In the following description, embodiments will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view showing a display device according to an embodiment. Figure 2 This is a plan view showing a display device according to an embodiment.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The display device 10 is a device for displaying moving or still images and can be used as a display screen for various products (such as televisions, laptops, monitors, billboards, and devices for the Internet of Things (IoT)) and portable electronic devices (such as mobile phones, smartphones, tablet PCs, smartwatches, watch phones, mobile communication terminals, electronic diaries, e-books, portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigators, and ultra-mobile PCs (UMPCs). The display device 10 can be any of an organic light-emitting display device, a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display device, a field emission display device, an electrophoretic display device, an electrowetting display device, a quantum dot light-emitting display device, and a micro-LED display device. The following description is based on the premise that the display device 10 is an organic light-emitting display device, but the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto.

[0046] The display device 10 according to the embodiment may include a display panel 100, a display driving circuit 200, and a circuit board 300.

[0047] The display panel 100 may include a plurality of pixels PX arranged in a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. Each of the plurality of pixels PX may have a planar shape, such as a rectangular shape, a square shape, or a rhombus shape. For example, as shown in the figures, each of the plurality of pixels PX may have a square planar shape, but is not limited thereto. Each of the plurality of pixels PX may have various shapes on the plane, such as another polygonal shape, a circular shape, and an elliptical shape.

[0048] In the accompanying drawings, the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 are horizontal and intersect each other. For example, the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 may be orthogonal to each other. The third direction DR3 intersects the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, and for example, the third direction DR3 may be a vertical direction orthogonal to the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2.

[0049] The display panel 100 may include a main area MA and a protruding area PA that protrudes from one side of the main area MA.

[0050] The main region MA can be formed as a rectangular plane having a short side in a first direction DR1 and a long side in a second direction DR2 intersecting the first direction DR1. The corners where the short side in the first direction DR1 and the long side in the second direction DR2 intersect can be rounded to have a predetermined curvature or formed at right angles. The planar shape of the display device 10 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and can be formed as another polygonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape. The main region MA can be formed such that the main region MA is flat, but is not limited to this. The main region MA may include curved portions formed at the left and right ends. In this case, the curved portions can have a constant curvature or a variable curvature.

[0051] The main region MA includes the display region DA in which pixels PX are formed to display the image and the non-display region NDA which is the outer region of the display region DA.

[0052] The scan lines, data lines, and power lines connected to the pixel PX, along with the pixel PX itself, can be positioned within the display area DA. In an example where the main area MA includes a curved portion, the display area DA can be positioned within the curved portion. In this case, the image of the display panel 100 can be observed even within the curved portion.

[0053] The non-display area NDA can be defined as the area extending from the outside of the display area DA to the edge of the display panel 100. Scan drivers for applying scan signals to scan lines and connection lines for connecting data lines to the display drive circuit 200 can be provided in the non-display area NDA.

[0054] The protruding region PA can protrude from one side of the main region MA. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the protruding region PA can protrude from the lower side of the main region MA. The length of the protruding region PA in the first direction DR1 can be shorter than the length of the main region MA in the first direction DR1.

[0055] The prominent area PA can include a bend area BA and a pad area PDA. In this case, the pad area PDA can be located on one side of the bend area BA, and the main area MA can be located on the other side of the bend area BA. For example, the pad area PDA can be located below the bend area BA, and the main area MA can be located above the bend area BA.

[0056] The display panel 100 can be flexibly formed such that it can be bent, folded, rolled, or bent. Therefore, the display panel 100 can be bent in the thickness direction (i.e., the third direction DR3) within the bending region BA. In this case, before the display panel 100 is bent, one surface of the pad region PDA of the display panel 100 faces upwards, but after the display panel 100 is bent, that same surface faces downwards. Therefore, the pad region PDA is positioned below the main region MA and can thus overlap with the main region MA.

[0057] The pads electrically connected to the display driver circuit 200 and the circuit board 300 can be set in the pad area of ​​the display panel 100 PDA.

[0058] The display driver circuit 200 outputs signals and voltages for driving the display panel 100. For example, the display driver circuit 200 can supply data voltages to data lines. In some aspects, the display driver circuit 200 can supply power supply voltages to power lines and scan control signals to the scan driver. The display driver circuit 200 can be formed by an integrated circuit (IC) and can then be mounted on the display panel 100 in the pad area of ​​the PDA in a chip-on-glass (COG) mode, a chip-on-plastic (COP) mode, or an ultrasonic welding mode, but is not limited thereto. For example, the display driver circuit 200 can be mounted on a circuit board 300.

[0059] The circuit board 300 can be attached to the pads using an anisotropic conductive film. Therefore, the leads of the circuit board 300 can be electrically connected to the pads. The circuit board 300 can be a flexible printed circuit board, a printed circuit board, or a flexible film such as a flip-chip film.

[0060] Figure 3 It shows along Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I'.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 The display device 10 may include a display panel 100. The display panel 100 may include a display layer DU, an optical layer OPL disposed on the display layer DU, and a color filter layer CFL disposed on the optical layer OPL. The display layer DU may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer TFTL, a light-emitting element layer EML, and a thin film encapsulation layer TFEL.

[0062] The substrate SUB can be formed of an insulating material, such as glass, quartz, or polymer materials. Examples of polymer materials may include polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylate (PA), polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyallyl ester, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (CAT), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), or combinations thereof. Alternatively, the substrate SUB may include a metallic material.

[0063] The substrate SUB can be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate capable of withstanding bending, folding, or curling. In an example where the substrate SUB is a flexible substrate, the substrate SUB can be formed of polyimide (PI), but is not limited to this.

[0064] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB). Scan lines, data lines, power lines, scan control lines, wiring connecting pads to data lines, and the thin-film transistors of each pixel can be formed in the TFTL. Each of the multiple thin-film transistors may include a gate electrode, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode.

[0065] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed in the display area (DA) and the non-display area (NDA). Specifically, the thin-film transistors, scan lines, data lines, and power lines of each pixel of the TFTL can be disposed in the display area (DA). The scan control lines and connection lines of the TFTL can be disposed in the non-display area (NDA).

[0066] A light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on a thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The EML may include a light-emitting element and a pixel-defining layer for defining the light-emitting element. The light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode. The light-emitting layer may be an organic light-emitting layer comprising organic materials. In this case, the light-emitting layer may include a hole transport layer, an organic light-emitting layer, and an electron transport layer. In an example where a predetermined voltage is applied to the first electrode through the thin-film transistor of the TFTL and a cathode voltage is applied to the second electrode, holes and electrons move to the organic light-emitting layer through the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, respectively, and recombine with each other in the organic light-emitting layer to emit light. The light-emitting element of the EML may be disposed in the display area (DA).

[0067] A thin-film encapsulation layer (TFEL) can be disposed on the light-emitting element layer (EML). The TFEL can prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the EML. For this purpose, the TFEL may include at least one inorganic layer. The inorganic layer may be a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer, but is not limited thereto. In some aspects, the TFEL can protect the EML from particles such as dust. For this purpose, the TFEL may include at least one organic layer. The organic layer may be an acrylic resin layer, an epoxy resin layer, a phenolic resin layer, a polyamide resin layer, or a polyimide resin layer, but is not limited thereto.

[0068] The thin-film encapsulation layer TFEL can be disposed in both the display area DA and the non-display area NDA. Specifically, the thin-film encapsulation layer TFEL can be configured such that it covers the light-emitting element layer EML of the display area DA and the non-display area NDA, and covers the thin-film transistor layer TFTL of the non-display area NDA.

[0069] The optical layer OPL can be disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer TFEL. The optical layer OPL can be configured to overlap with the display area DA. The optical layer OPL can be used to refract light emitted from the light-emitting element layer EML that is moved at a predetermined angle relative to a third direction DR3 to the left or right.

[0070] The display device 10 may also include a cover window. The cover window may be additionally disposed on the optical layer OPL. In this case, the optical layer OPL and the cover window may be attached to each other by a transparent adhesive component (such as an optically clear adhesive (OCA) film).

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of a display device according to an embodiment to a vehicle.

[0072] Reference Figure 4 For example, the display device 10 according to the embodiment may be a display device applied to a vehicle. The vehicle may include a body that constitutes the vehicle's appearance and an interior space defined by the body. The body may include a windshield W that protects the driver and passengers from external influences and provides the driver with a view. Figure 4 As shown, the display device 10 can be provided in an indoor space.

[0073] In this embodiment, the display device 10 may be mounted on a dashboard provided in an indoor space. For example, the display device 10 may be positioned between the driver's seat and the passenger seat, providing the driver with maps and speed information, or providing passengers with entertainment information. Figure 4An example of a driver and passenger observing the display screen of the dashboard, shown, is illustrated by a display device 10 located on the dashboard between the driver's seat and the passenger seat.

[0074] The driver can identify (or view) the display screen of display device 10 by light LGT1 emitted from display device 10 toward the driver. The passenger can identify (or view) the display screen of display device 10 by light LGT2 emitted from display device 10 toward the passenger. Display device 10 may provide different images for the driver and for the passenger. However, some of the light emitted from display device 10 (e.g., light intended to be emitted toward the passenger) may be emitted toward the driver, or the light intended to be emitted toward the driver may be emitted toward the passenger. In this case, the light may interfere with the driver's driving, and the passenger may observe an unwanted image (e.g., an image with information intended for the driver but not the passenger) or two overlapping images.

[0075] In some cases, when light emitted from display device 10 is emitted between the driver and the passenger, the light is displayed to each of the driver and the passenger, which may degrade the brightness of the image.

[0076] In the following, according to an embodiment, a display device 10 is disclosed that is capable of controlling the viewing angle to accurately provide different views to each of the driver and passengers and improve the brightness of each view.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display device according to an embodiment. Figure 6 This is a plan view showing the light-emitting area, color filter, and optical structure of a display device according to an embodiment. Figure 7 It is shown Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the area. Figure 7 The peripheral elements surrounding the optical layer are shown. Figure 8 This is a plan view showing the first light-blocking pattern and the light-emitting area of ​​the display device according to an embodiment.

[0078] Figure 9 This is a plan view showing the second light-blocking pattern, light-output portion, and color aperture of the display device according to an embodiment.

[0079] Reference Figures 5 to 9 , combined Figure 3 The display device 10 according to the embodiment may include a display panel 100. The display panel 100 may include a display layer DU, an optical layer OPL disposed on the display layer DU, and a color filter layer CFL disposed on the optical layer OPL. The display layer DU may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer TFTL, a light-emitting element layer EML, and a thin film encapsulation layer TFEL.

[0080] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB). The TFTL may include a lower metal layer (BML), a buffer layer (BF), a thin-film transistor (TFT), a gate insulating layer (GI), an interlayer insulating layer (ILD1), a first passivation layer (PAS1), a connection electrode (CNE), and a second passivation layer (PAS2).

[0081] The lower metal layer (BML) can be disposed on the substrate (SUB). For example, the lower metal layer (BML) can be formed as a single layer or multiple layers of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), tantalum (Ta), and copper (Cu) or alloys thereof.

[0082] The buffer layer BF may cover the underlying metal layer BML. The buffer layer BF may include inorganic layers capable of preventing the penetration of air or moisture. For example, the buffer layer BF may include multiple inorganic layers stacked alternately.

[0083] Thin-film transistors (TFTs) can be disposed on a buffer layer (BF) and can constitute the pixel circuit for each of multiple pixels. For example, a TFT can be a driving transistor or a switching transistor for a pixel circuit. A TFT may include a semiconductor layer (ACT), a source electrode (SE), a drain electrode (DE), and a gate electrode (GE).

[0084] The semiconductor layer ACT can be disposed on the buffer layer BF. The semiconductor layer ACT can overlap with the lower metal layer BML and the gate electrode GE in the thickness direction, and can be insulated from the gate electrode GE by the gate insulating layer GI.

[0085] The gate electrode GE can be disposed on the gate insulating layer GI. The gate electrode GE can overlap with the semiconductor layer ACT, and the gate insulating layer GI is located between the gate electrode GE and the semiconductor layer ACT.

[0086] The gate insulating layer GI can be disposed on the semiconductor layer ACT. For example, the gate insulating layer GI can cover the semiconductor layer ACT and the buffer layer BF, and can insulate the semiconductor layer ACT from the gate electrode GE. The gate insulating layer GI may include contact holes through which the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE pass.

[0087] Interlayer insulating layer ILD1 may cover the gate electrode GE and the gate insulating layer GI. Interlayer insulating layer ILD1 may include contact holes through which the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE pass. The contact holes of interlayer insulating layer ILD1 may connect to the contact holes of gate insulating layer GI.

[0088] The source electrode SE and drain electrode DE can be disposed on the interlayer insulating layer ILD1. The source electrode SE and drain electrode DE can be connected to the semiconductor layer ACT through the contact holes of the gate insulating layer GI and the interlayer insulating layer ILD1.

[0089] The first passivation layer PAS1 can cover the source electrode SE, the drain electrode DE, and the interlayer insulating layer ILD1. The first passivation layer PAS1 can protect the thin-film transistor (TFT). The first passivation layer PAS1 may include contact holes through which the connection electrode CNE passes.

[0090] The connection electrode CNE can be disposed on the first passivation layer PAS1. The connection electrode CNE can electrically connect the drain electrode DE of the thin-film transistor TFT to the pixel electrode AE ​​of the light-emitting element ED. The connection electrode CNE can be inserted into a contact hole formed in the first passivation layer PAS1 to contact the drain electrode DE.

[0091] The second passivation layer PAS2 may cover the connection electrode CNE and the first passivation layer PAS1. The second passivation layer PAS2 may include the contact hole through which the pixel electrode AE ​​of the light-emitting element ED passes.

[0092] The light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The EML may include a light-emitting element (ED) and a pixel defining layer (PDL). The ED may include a pixel electrode (AE), a light-emitting layer (EL), and a common electrode (CO).

[0093] The pixel electrode AE ​​can be disposed on the second passivation layer PAS2. The pixel electrode AE ​​can be disposed to overlap with any one of the openings OPE1, OPE2, and OPE3 of the pixel defining layer PDL. The pixel electrode AE ​​can be electrically connected to the drain electrode DE of the thin-film transistor TFT via the connection electrode CNE.

[0094] The pixel defining layer (PDL) may include multiple openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6, and therefore the pixel defining layer (PDL) may be disposed on a portion of the second passivation layer (PAS2) and the pixel electrode AE. The pixel defining layer (PDL) may include a first opening OPE1, a second opening OPE2, a third opening OPE3, a fourth opening OPE4, a fifth opening OPE5, and a sixth opening OPE6, and each of the openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6 may expose a portion of the pixel electrode AE. The openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6 may define a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, a third light-emitting region EA3, a fourth light-emitting region EA4, a fifth light-emitting region EA5, and a sixth light-emitting region EA6, respectively, and may have different areas or sizes. The pixel defining layer (PDL) can separate and insulate the pixel electrodes AE of multiple light-emitting elements (EDs) from each other.

[0095] Two of the following light-emitting regions, EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6, can emit light of the same color (i.e., two light-emitting regions can be configured to emit light of the same color). For example, EA1 and EA2 can emit red light (a first color), EA3 and EA4 can emit green light (a second color), and EA5 and EA6 can emit blue light (a third color). Two light-emitting regions configured to emit the same color can be arranged such that they are adjacent to each other. For example, EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6 can be arranged sequentially along the first direction DR1 in the accompanying drawings.

[0096] The term “adjacent” in this document may refer to elements that are relatively close to each other (e.g., within a threshold distance (e.g., such that there is space between the elements)). For example, for an emitting region (e.g., a first emitting region EA1) described as adjacent to another emitting region (e.g., a second emitting region EA2), there is no other emitting region between the adjacent emitting regions.

[0097] Pixel defining layer (PDL) may include light-absorbing materials that prevent or reduce light reflection. For example, a pixel defining layer PDL may include a polyimide (PI)-based binder and a mixture of red, green, and blue pigments therein. Alternatively, a pixel defining layer PDL may include a cardool-based binder resin and a mixture of lactam black and blue pigments. Or, a pixel defining layer PDL may include carbon black.

[0098] The light-emitting layer EL can be disposed on the pixel electrode AE. For example, the light-emitting layer EL can be an organic light-emitting layer formed of organic materials, but is not limited thereto. In the example where the light-emitting layer EL corresponds to an organic light-emitting layer, the thin-film transistor TFT applies a predetermined voltage to the pixel electrode AE ​​of the light-emitting element ED, and the common electrode CO of the light-emitting element ED receives a common voltage or a cathode voltage. Holes and electrons can move to the light-emitting layer EL through the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, respectively, and can recombine with each other in the light-emitting layer EL to emit light.

[0099] A common electrode CO can be disposed on the light-emitting layer EL. For example, the common electrode CO can be implemented as an electrode that is not specific to each of the multiple pixels but is common to all pixels. The common electrode CO can be disposed on the light-emitting layer EL in the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, the third light-emitting region EA3, the fourth light-emitting region EA4, the fifth light-emitting region EA5, and the sixth light-emitting region EA6, and can also be disposed on the pixel-defining layer PDL in the region other than the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light-emitting region EA2, the third light-emitting region EA3, the fourth light-emitting region EA4, the fifth light-emitting region EA5, and the sixth light-emitting region EA6.

[0100] The common electrode CO can receive a common voltage or a low-potential voltage. In the example where the pixel electrode AE ​​receives a voltage corresponding to the data voltage and the common electrode CO receives a low-potential voltage, a potential difference is formed between the pixel electrode AE ​​and the common electrode CE, thereby allowing the light-emitting layer EL to emit light.

[0101] A capping layer CPL can be disposed on the light-emitting element layer EML. The capping layer CPL can cover the light-emitting element layer EML disposed below the capping layer CPL and prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer EML. The capping layer CPL may include one or more inorganic layers, and for example, the inorganic layers may include aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride.

[0102] The encapsulation layer TFEL can be disposed on the cover layer CPL. The encapsulation layer TFEL may include at least one inorganic layer to prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer EML. The encapsulation layer TFEL may also include at least one organic layer to protect the light-emitting element layer EML from the effects of particles (such as dust, for example).

[0103] The encapsulation layer TFEL may include a first encapsulation layer TFE1, a second encapsulation layer TFE2, and a third encapsulation layer TFE3. The first encapsulation layer TFE1 and the third encapsulation layer TFE3 may be inorganic encapsulation layers, and the second encapsulation layer TFE2 disposed between the first encapsulation layer TFE1 and the third encapsulation layer TFE3 may be an organic encapsulation layer.

[0104] Each of the first encapsulation layer TFE1 and the third encapsulation layer TFE3 may include one or more inorganic insulating materials. The inorganic insulating materials may include aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride.

[0105] The second encapsulation layer TFE2 may include an organic insulating material. The organic insulating material may include acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyimide, and polyethylene. The second encapsulation layer TFE2 may be formed by curing monomers or coating polymers.

[0106] The optical layer OPL can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFEL. The optical layer OPL may include a first planarization layer PNL1, a second planarization layer PNL2, an optical structure OPS, a first light-blocking pattern BA1, and a passivation layer PSL.

[0107] A first planarization layer PNL1 can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFEL. The first planarization layer PNL1 can be directly disposed on the third encapsulation layer TFE3 of the encapsulation layer TFEL. The first planarization layer PNL1 provides the area in which the optical structure OPS will be formed, and the first planarization layer PNL1 can planarize the step difference of the lower portion of the encapsulation layer TFEL. The first planarization layer PNL1 may include a first aperture HO1, a second aperture HO2, and a third aperture HO3. Apertures HO1, HO2, and HO3 can be spaced apart from each other in a first direction DR1 and can extend in a second direction DR2. Each of apertures HO1, HO2, and HO3 can partially expose the third encapsulation layer TFE3 of the underlying encapsulation layer TFEL.

[0108] Each of the apertures HO1, HO2, and HO3 can be configured to correspond to at least two openings and / or at least two light-emitting regions of the light-emitting element layer EML, namely, openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6. For example, the first aperture HO1 can partially overlap with the first opening OPE1 and the second opening OPE2, and can also partially overlap with the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 configured to emit the same color. The second aperture HO2 can partially overlap with the third opening OPE3 and the fourth opening OPE4, and can also partially overlap with the third light-emitting region EA3 and the fourth light-emitting region EA4 configured to emit the same color. The third aperture HO3 can partially overlap with the fifth opening OPE5 and the sixth opening OPE6, and can also partially overlap with the fifth light-emitting region EA5 and the sixth light-emitting region EA6 configured to emit the same color.

[0109] An optical structure OPS can be disposed within the first planarization layer PNL1. For example, the optical structure OPS can be disposed in each of the holes HO1, HO2, and HO3 of the first planarization layer PNL1 in a filled shape, and can contact the third encapsulation layer TFE3 exposed by each of the holes HO1, HO2, and HO3. The upper surface of the optical structure OPS can be aligned and matched with the upper surface of the first planarization layer PNL1. For example, the thickness of the optical structure OPS can be equal to the thickness of the first planarization layer PNL1.

[0110] The optical structure OPS may include a first structure OPS1, a second structure OPS2, and a third structure OPS3. Structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 may be arranged spaced apart from each other in a first direction DR1 and may extend in a second direction DR2. Structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 may be in direct contact with the third encapsulation layer TFE3 of the underlying encapsulation layer TFEL.

[0111] Each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 can be configured to correspond to at least two openings and / or at least two light-emitting regions among openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6 of the light-emitting element layer EML. For example, the first structure OPS1 can partially overlap with the first opening OPE1 and the second opening OPE2, and can partially overlap with the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 configured to emit the same color. The second structure OPS2 can partially overlap with the third opening OPE3 and the fourth opening OPE4, and can partially overlap with the third light-emitting region EA3 and the fourth light-emitting region EA4 configured to emit the same color. The third structure OPS3 can partially overlap with the fifth opening OPE5 and the sixth opening OPE6, and can partially overlap with the fifth light-emitting region EA5 and the sixth light-emitting region EA6 configured to emit the same color.

[0112] Each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 may have a cross-section with approximately the same shape as the prism lens. For example, each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 may be formed as a triangle or quadrilateral, wherein the width of the upper surface in the cross-section is greater than the width of the lower surface, and the angle θ formed by the upper surface and the side surface is an acute angle. The lower surface of each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 (the surface in contact with the third encapsulation layer TFE3) may be configured not to overlap with each of the openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6 and / or the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6.

[0113] Each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 may have a side / side configured to overlap with a corresponding one of the openings OPE1, OPE2, OPE3, OPE4, OPE5, and OPE6 and / or a corresponding one of the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6. For example, one side of the first structure OPS1 (e.g., the left side in the figure) may partially overlap with the first opening OPE1 and the first light-emitting region EA1, and the other side of the first structure OPS1 (e.g., the right side in the figure) may partially overlap with the second opening OPE2 and the second light-emitting region EA2. One side of the second structure OPS2 (e.g., the left side in the figure) may partially overlap with the third opening OPE3 and the third light-emitting region EA3, and the other side of the second structure OPS2 (e.g., the right side in the figure) may partially overlap with the fourth opening OPE4 and the fourth light-emitting region EA4. One side of the third structure OPS3 (e.g., the left side in the figure) may partially overlap with the fifth opening OPE5 and the fifth light-emitting region EA5, and the other side of the sixth structure OPS6 (e.g., the right side in the figure) may partially overlap with the sixth opening OPE6 and the sixth light-emitting region EA6.

[0114] The refractive index of the optical structure OPS can be greater than that of the first planarization layer PNL1. The refractive index of each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 can be greater than that of the first planarization layer PNL1. According to Snell's law, light emitted from each of the luminescent regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6 can be refracted at the interface between the first planarization layer PNL1 and each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3. For example, the first light LGT1 emitted from the first luminescent region EA1 can be moved by refraction from the left side to the right side of the first structure OPS1 in contact with the first planarization layer PNL1. The second light LGT2 emitted from the second luminescent region EA2 can be moved by refraction from the right side to the left side of the first structure OPS1 in contact with the first planarization layer PNL1. In other words, because the refractive index of the optical structure OPS is greater than that of the first planarization layer PNL1, the light emitted from each of the luminescent regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6 can be visually recognized by the driver and passengers respectively.

[0115] In some embodiments, a first light-blocking pattern BA1 may be disposed on a first planarization layer PNL1. The first light-blocking pattern BA1 may separate a plurality of light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3, each configured to overlap with at least two of the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6. For example, the first light output portion OPT1 may overlap with a first opening OPE1 and a second opening OPE2, and may be configured to at least partially overlap with the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 configured to emit the same color. The second light output portion OPT2 may overlap with a third opening OPE3 and a fourth opening OPE4, and may be configured to at least partially overlap with the third light-emitting region EA3 and the fourth light-emitting region EA4 configured to emit the same color. The third light output portion OPT3 may overlap with a fifth opening OPE5 and a sixth opening OPE6, and may be configured to at least partially overlap with the fifth light-emitting region EA5 and the sixth light-emitting region EA6 configured to emit the same color.

[0116] The first light-blocking pattern BA1 can be configured to have substantially the same size and area as the upper surface of the first planarization layer PNL1. The first light-blocking pattern BA1 can block light that does not pass through the optical structure OPS on the first planarization layer PNL1, thereby preventing leakage of light emitted forward.

[0117] The width of each of the light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3 can be substantially equal to the width of each of the optical structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3. For example, the width of the first light output portion OPT1 in the first direction DR1 can be equal to the width of the upper surface of the first structure OPS1 in the first direction DR1. The width of each of the light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3 can affect the crosstalk of light emitted from each of the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6. In an example where the width of the first light output portion OPT1 is greater than the width of the first structure OPS1, light may leak forward without passing through the first structure OPS1. In an example where light leaks forward, the light may be partially recognized by the driver and passengers, thereby potentially causing crosstalk. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first light output portion OPT1 and the first structure OPS1 can be configured such that the width of the first light output portion OPT1 and the width of the first structure OPS1 are substantially equal to each other, which prevents light from leaking forward and thus resolves crosstalk.

[0118] The first light-blocking pattern BA1 may include a light-absorbing material. For example, the first light-blocking pattern BA1 may include an inorganic black pigment or an organic black pigment. The inorganic black pigment may be carbon black, and the organic black pigment may include, but is not limited to, at least one of lactam black, perylene black, and aniline black.

[0119] The second planarization layer PNL2 can be disposed on the optical structure OPS and the first light-blocking pattern BA1. The second planarization layer PNL2 can cover the optical structure OPS and the first light-blocking pattern BA1, and planarize the step difference below the second planarization layer PNL2.

[0120] The second planarization layer PNL2 can have a refractive index substantially the same as that of the optical structure OPS. Light refracted at the interface between the first planarization layer PNL1 and the optical structure OPS can travel to each of the color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3 in the color filter layer CFL. In an example where the refractive index of the second planarization layer PNL2 differs from that of the optical structure OPS, light is refracted again at the interface between the second planarization layer PNL2 and the optical structure OPS, and thus the path of light is altered, potentially leading to brightness or crosstalk problems. Therefore, the refractive index of the second planarization layer PNL2 is formed to be substantially equal to that of the optical structure OPS, thereby resolving brightness and crosstalk issues. In some aspects, the refractive index of the second planarization layer PNL2 can be greater than that of the first planarization layer PNL1.

[0121] A passivation layer PSL can be disposed on a second planarization layer PNL2. The passivation layer PSL can protect the optical structure OPS disposed below the optical layer OPL by covering the lower portion of the optical layer OPL. The passivation layer PSL may include at least one inorganic layer, and for example, the inorganic layer may include aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon nitride, and / or silicon oxynitride.

[0122] A color filter layer (CFL) can be disposed on the optical layer (OPL). The color filter layer (CFL) can be a reflection control layer that controls the reflection of external light. The color filter layer (CFL) may include multiple color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3, and a second light-blocking pattern BA2. Each of the multiple color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3 can selectively transmit light of a specific wavelength and block or absorb light of another wavelength. The color filter layer (CFL) can absorb a portion of the light incident from the outside of the display device 10 to reduce reflected light caused by external light. Therefore, the color filter layer (CFL) can prevent color distortion caused by the reflection of external light.

[0123] The second light-blocking pattern BA2 can be disposed on the passivation layer PSL of the optical layer OPL. The second light-blocking pattern BA2 can separate multiple color apertures CFH1, CFH2, and CFH3 that overlap with the light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3, respectively. For example, the first color aperture CFH1 can be configured to overlap with at least a portion of the first light output portion OPT1 and the first opening OPE1, the second opening OPE2, the first light-emitting region EA1, and the second light-emitting region EA2. The second color aperture CFH2 can be configured to overlap with at least a portion of the second light output portion OPT2 and the third opening OPE3, the fourth opening OPE4, the third light-emitting region EA3, and the fourth light-emitting region EA4. The third color aperture CFH3 can be configured to overlap with at least a portion of the third light output portion OPT3 and the fifth opening OPE5, the sixth opening OPE6, the fifth light-emitting region EA5, and the sixth light-emitting region EA6.

[0124] The area or size of each of the color apertures CFH1, CFH2, and CFH3 can be larger than the area or size of each of the light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3. That is, the area of ​​the second light-blocking pattern BA2 can be smaller than the area of ​​the first light-blocking pattern BA1. Since the color apertures CFH1, CFH2, and CFH3 of the second light-blocking pattern BA2 are formed such that the color apertures CFH1, CFH2, and CFH3 are larger than the light output portions OPT1, OPT2, and OPT3 of the first light-blocking pattern BA1, the light emitted through the optical layer OPL can be visually recognized by the driver and passengers located on one side of the display device 10.

[0125] The second light-blocking pattern BA2 may include a light-absorbing material. For example, the second light-blocking pattern BA2 may include the same material as the first light-blocking pattern BA1. For example, the second light-blocking pattern BA2 may include an inorganic black pigment or an organic black pigment, wherein the inorganic black pigment may be carbon black, and the organic black pigment may include at least one of lactam black, perylene black, and aniline black.

[0126] Multiple color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3 of the color filter layer CFL can be disposed on the passivation layer PSL in the color holes CFH1, CFH2, and CFH3 of the second light-blocking pattern BA2. The multiple color filters CF1, CF2, and CF3 may include a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3.

[0127] A first color filter CF1 may be disposed in a first color aperture CFH1 and may be configured to overlap with a first light output portion OPT1 and a first light emitting region EA1 and a second light emitting region EA2 configured to emit the same color. The first color filter CF1 may selectively transmit light of a first color (e.g., red) and block or absorb light of a second color (e.g., green) and a third color (e.g., blue). For example, the first color filter CF1 may be a red color filter and may include a red colorant, but is not limited thereto.

[0128] The second color filter CF2 can be disposed within the second color aperture CFH2 and can be configured to overlap with the second light output section OPT2 and the third and fourth light emission regions EA3 and EA4, which are configured to emit the same color. The second color filter CF2 can selectively transmit light of a second color (e.g., green) and can block or absorb light of a third color (e.g., blue) and a first color (e.g., red). For example, the second color filter CF2 can be a green color filter and can include a green colorant, but is not limited thereto.

[0129] A third color filter CF3 can be disposed within a third color aperture CFH3 and can be configured to overlap with a third light output section OPT3 and a fifth emission region EA5 and a sixth emission region EA6 configured to emit the same color. The third color filter CF3 can selectively transmit a third color (e.g., blue) of light and block or absorb first color (e.g., red) and second color (e.g., green) of light. For example, the third color filter CF3 can be a blue color filter and can include a blue colorant, but is not limited thereto.

[0130] The capping layer (COL) can be disposed on the color filter layer (CFL). The capping layer (COL) can be a glass substrate facing the substrate (SUB), but is not limited to this. The capping layer (COL) can be an outer coating. The capping layer (COL) can be a colorless, transparent layer that does not have a color in the visible light band. In examples where the capping layer (COL) is an outer coating, the capping layer (COL) can comprise a colorless, transparent organic material, such as acrylic resin or polyimide.

[0131] The optical layer OPL will be described in more detail below.

[0132] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of the optical layer of a display device according to an embodiment. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the optical path of an optical layer without a first light-blocking pattern according to a display device. Figure 12 and Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example optical path of the optical layer of a display device according to an embodiment.

[0133] Figure 11It shows from Figure 7 The case where the first light-blocking pattern BA1 is omitted in the optical layer OPL. Figure 12 This illustrates a case where the first planarization layer PNL1 and the second planarization layer PNL2 have the same thickness, and Figure 13 This illustrates a case where the thickness of the second planarization layer PNL2 is greater than the thickness of the first planarization layer PNL1. In the following text, reference will be made to... Figures 5 to 9 Describe each of the multiple accompanying figures.

[0134] Reference Figure 10 The optical structure OPS can have a cross-section that is approximately inverted prism or inverted trapezoidal. The angle θ formed by the upper surface and side surface of the optical structure OPS can be acute. The angle θ formed by the upper surface and side surface of each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 can affect crosstalk and brightness. In an embodiment, the angle θ formed by the upper surface and side surface of each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 can be in the range of 25° to 45°. In an example where the angle θ formed by the upper surface and side surface of each of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 is 25° or greater, the angle formed by the refraction of light emitted from each of the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4, EA5, and EA6 at the interface between the first planarization layer PNL1 and the corresponding one of the structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 can be adjusted to increase the viewing angle that can be perceived by the driver and passengers and to avoid crosstalk. In an example where the angle θ formed by the upper and side surfaces of each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 is 45° or less, the increased width of the lower surface of each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 reduces or prevents crosstalk caused by the increased forward movement of light through the lower surface of each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3, and, associated with preventing a decrease in viewing angle, reduces the angle of light refraction. Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle θ formed by the upper and side surfaces of each of structures OPS1, OPS2, and OPS3 being in the range of 25° to 45° prevents light from moving forward, thereby resolving crosstalk and improving the viewing angle relative to the driver and passengers (e.g., improving the visibility of the display device 10 (and the image displayed by the display device 10) to the driver and passengers).

[0135] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11As shown, when the optical layer OPL is not provided with the first light-blocking pattern BA1, forward-moving light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 may be blocked by the second light-blocking pattern BA2. The forward-moving light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 may pass through the first color filter CF1 but not through the first structure OPS1, potentially degrading the brightness of the light perceived visually by the driver and passengers and causing crosstalk.

[0136] In an embodiment, a first light-blocking pattern BA1 is formed on an optical layer OPL, and the thickness of a second planarization layer PNL2 can be formed in the range of 1 to 3 times the thickness of the first planarization layer PNL1.

[0137] like Figure 12 As shown, the optical layer OPL according to an embodiment may include a first light-blocking pattern BA1, wherein the thickness TT2 of the second planarization layer PNL2 may be equal to the thickness TT1 of the first planarization layer PNL1. In this case, light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 that moves forward or close to the front is absorbed by the first light-blocking pattern BA1, thereby reducing crosstalk. In some aspects, the amount of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 that moves by being refracted to the right may be increased, thereby improving the brightness of the light that is visually perceived by the driver or passenger.

[0138] In some aspects, such as Figure 13 As shown, the thickness TT2 of the second planarization layer PNL2 can be 1 to 3 times the thickness TT1 of the first planarization layer PNL1. In this case, the amount of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 that is refracted to the right and moved is the same as the reference. Figure 11 The described light is not significantly different, thus improving the brightness of the light that can be visually perceived by the driver or passengers.

[0139] In this disclosure, the thickness TT2 of the second planarization layer PNL2 can be formed in the range of 1 to 3 times the thickness TT1 of the first planarization layer PNL1. In other words, the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer PNL1 to the second planarization layer PNL2 (thickness TT1 of the first planarization layer PNL1 : thickness TT2 of the second planarization layer PNL2) can be formed in the range of 1:1 to 1:3. Reference will be made below to... Figures 14 to 16 Describe in detail the brightness characteristics based on the viewing angle of the display device.

[0140] Figure 14 It is a graph showing the brightness of the display device based on the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer, according to the viewing angle of the display device. Figure 14The following are examples of brightness measurements based on the viewing angle of a display device, showing thickness ratios (thickness of the first planarization layer: thickness of the second planarization layer) of 1:2.86, 1:1, 0.95:1, and 0.28:1, and in display devices where the first light-blocking pattern BA1 is omitted (e.g., Figure 11 The brightness according to the viewing angle when the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer is 0.95:1 (as shown in the figure). Figure 15 It is a graph showing the brightness according to the viewing angle in a display device in which the first light-blocking pattern is omitted, when the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer is 0.95:1. Figure 16 It is shown according to which Figure 14 A graph showing the brightness at the viewing angle of a display device where the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer to the second planarization layer is 1:1. The brightness is... Figures 14 to 16 It is described as "luminance intensity".

[0141] First, refer to Figures 14 to 16 ,when Figure 12 When the thickness ratio of the first light-blocking pattern BA1 and the second light-blocking pattern BA2 in the display device shown is 1:1 to 1:2.86, the corresponding peak brightness is approximately 4000 or greater. In some aspects, the percentage of the peak brightness range within a viewing angle range of 15° to 55° is 50% or greater. In this case, the peak brightness range refers to the segment where the peak brightness remains within 5% of a specific level. For example, in Figure 15 In the diagram, the peak brightness range (indicated by the solid arrow) can be a viewing angle range of 24° to 45°. That is, within a viewing angle range of 15° to 55°, the 24° to 45° viewing angle is occupied, resulting in the peak brightness range occupying approximately 52.5%. In examples where the peak brightness range is 50% or greater, this means that a segment of high brightness can be uniformly displayed within a viewing angle range of 15° to 55° for 50% or more.

[0142] In some embodiments, in a display device where the first light-blocking pattern BA1 is omitted and a second light-blocking pattern BA2 is provided (e.g., only the second light-blocking pattern BA2 is provided), a brightness peak close to 3000 is indicated, but the brightness peak range as a segment where the brightness peak remains within 5% of a certain level is not indicated (and correspondingly, not implemented). For example, in Figure 16In this example, because the brightness peak is represented as a point, the range of the brightness peak is not indicated. Similarly, even when the thickness ratio of the first light-blocking pattern BA1 and the second light-blocking pattern BA2 is 0.95:1 and 0.28:1, a brightness peak of approximately 5000 or greater, or a brightness peak close to 4000, is indicated, but since the brightness peak is represented as a point, the range of the brightness peak is not indicated. In the example where the brightness peak is represented as a point, this example signifies indicating (achieving) high brightness at a specific viewing angle, but no uniform brightness distribution is indicated (not achieved) within the viewing angle range of 15° to 55°.

[0143] The advantage of the display device according to the embodiment is that the first light-blocking pattern BA1 is provided in the optical layer OPL, and the thickness ratio of the first planarization layer PNL1 and the second planarization layer PNL2 (thickness TT1 of the first planarization layer PNL1: thickness TT2 of the second planarization layer PNL2) is in the range of 1:1 to 1:3, thereby high brightness can be uniformly distributed in the viewing angle range of 15° to 55°.

[0144] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to another embodiment.

[0145] Reference Figure 17 The difference between this embodiment and the other described embodiments is that the width of the first light output portion OPT1 of the first light blocking pattern BA1 is greater than the width of the first structure OPS1 of the optical structure OPS. In the following description, redundant descriptions of the other described embodiments will be omitted, and the differences from the other described embodiments will be described. The following description will be based on the first light-emitting region EA1, the second light output portion EA2, the first light output portion OPT1, the first structure OPS1, and the first color aperture CFH1, and can be applied similarly to... Figure 5 The second optical output section OPT2 and the third optical output section OPT3, the second structure OPS2 and the third structure OPS3, and the second color aperture CFH2 and the third color aperture CFH3.

[0146] A first light-blocking pattern BA1 may be disposed on a first planarization layer PNL1. The first light-blocking pattern BA1 may be partitioned into a first light-output portion OPT1 that overlaps with each of the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2. The first light-output portion OPT1 may be configured to at least partially overlap with the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2, and may overlap with a first color aperture CFH1. The first light-blocking pattern BA1 may be configured to have a size and area smaller than the size and area of ​​the upper surface of the first planarization layer PNL1.

[0147] The width of the first light output portion OPT1 can be greater than the width of the first structure OPS1 of the optical structure OPS. For example, the width of the first light output portion OPT1 in the first direction DR1 can be greater than the width of the upper surface of the first structure OPS1 in the first direction DR1. The width of the first light output portion OPT1 may affect the crosstalk of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2. Therefore, the width of the first light output portion OPT1 can be approximately 105% or less relative to 100% of the width of the first structure OPS1. In examples where the width of the first light output portion OPT1 exceeds 105% relative to 100% of the width of the first structure OPS1, the amount of light that does not pass through the first structure OPS1 and leaks forward may increase. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the width of the first light output portion OPT1 is in the range of 100% to 105% relative to the width of the first structure OPS1, forward light leakage can be reduced, thereby reducing crosstalk.

[0148] In summarizing the detailed description, those skilled in the art will understand that many variations and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments without substantially departing from the principles of the present invention. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are used in a general and descriptive sense and not for limiting purposes.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Base; A light-emitting element layer is disposed on the substrate and includes multiple light-emitting areas; An optical layer is disposed on the light-emitting element layer, wherein the optical layer includes a plurality of structures and a first light-blocking pattern; and A color filter layer is disposed on the optical layer, wherein the color filter layer includes a plurality of color filters and a second light-blocking pattern. The optical layer further includes: A first planarization layer is disposed on the light-emitting element layer, including a plurality of holes; and A second planarization layer is disposed on the plurality of structures and the first light-blocking pattern, wherein: The plurality of structures are disposed in the plurality of holes and overlap with at least two of the plurality of light-emitting regions, and The first light-blocking pattern and the second light-blocking pattern do not overlap with the plurality of structures.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light-blocking pattern includes multiple light-output portions that overlap with the plurality of structures, and The second light-blocking pattern includes a plurality of color holes that overlap with the plurality of light-output portions respectively.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The size of each of the plurality of color holes is larger than the size of each of the plurality of light output sections.

4. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of each of the plurality of light output portions is equal to the width of the upper surface of each of the plurality of structures.

5. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of each of the plurality of light output portions is greater than the width of the upper surface of each of the plurality of structures.

6. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive index of each of the plurality of structures is greater than the refractive index of the first planarization layer.

7. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refractive indices of the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer are equal.

8. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second planarization layer is 1 to 3 times the thickness of the first planarization layer.

9. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the plurality of structures includes an upper surface, a lower surface, and a side surface, wherein: The width of the upper surface is greater than the width of the lower surface, and The angle formed by the upper surface and the side surface ranges from 25° to 45°.

10. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two light-emitting regions are configured to emit light of the same color, and The plurality of color filters overlap with the at least two light-emitting regions configured to emit light of the same color.

Images