Railway line length measuring device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 中国铁路北京局集团有限公司承德工务段
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
Smart Images
Figure CN224327668U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a railway line mileage measuring device, which is particularly suitable for measuring railway line mileage in environments where GPS positioning is not possible. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, there are two main methods for measuring railway line mileage: one is to use GPS positioning for measurement. The advantage is that it is convenient and fast, but the limitation is that in mountainous areas, GPS signals are unstable, especially in tunnels where there are no GPS signals, resulting in low measurement accuracy and the inability to perform continuous measurements.
[0003] As is well known, railway lines have curved sections, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the length S1 of the upper rail (the rail with the larger curve radius, i.e., the rail on the outer arc of the curve) is not equal to the length S2 of the lower rail (the rail with the smaller curve radius, i.e., the rail on the inner arc of the curve). Therefore, the mileage of a railway curve section is taken as the length S of the center line between the two rails. Thus, railway mileage measurement requires a two-step method, measuring both the upper and lower rails of the curve. Figure 1 The method involves measuring the upper track mileage S1 and the lower track mileage S2 of the rails on a curved railway section, and then taking the difference to determine the center point mileage S of the line. The drawback of this method is that it requires measuring the upper and lower track mileages and then calculating the average value, which leads to low work efficiency and a large workload. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the two existing methods for measuring railway line mileage, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a railway line mileage measuring device that can directly measure the mileage at the midpoint between the upper and lower tracks, without the need to measure the upper and lower tracks of the railway line curve separately. This can reduce the workload of measuring curved lines and improve efficiency, and can also make up for the shortcomings of GPS positioning measurement in mountainous areas.
[0005] The railway line mileage measuring device of this utility model includes:
[0006] The first upper and lower track center distance positioning unit is used to determine the midpoint position of the first distance between the upper and lower tracks of the railway line. It includes a ruler that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and displays the midpoint of the distance, and a ruler positioning unit with one end of the ruler abutting against the working edge of the rail and the abutting surface perpendicular to the ruler.
[0007] The second upper and lower track center distance positioning unit is used to determine the midpoint position of the second distance between the upper and lower tracks of the railway line. It includes a ruler that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and displays the midpoint of the distance, and a ruler positioning unit with one end of the ruler abutting against the working edge of the rail and the abutting surface perpendicular to the ruler.
[0008] The measurement point marking unit is used to mark the measurement position of the second upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit on the railway line;
[0009] The ranging unit is used to measure the distance between the midpoint of the first spacing and the midpoint of the second spacing.
[0010] Since railway line mileage is measured manually, it involves continuous segmented measurements using measuring tools such as rulers. To achieve continuous segmented measurement of the centerline between two rails, not only must the starting and ending points of each measurement be at the midpoint of the gauge, but the starting point of the (N+1)th measurement must coincide with the ending point of the Nth measurement to ensure the continuity of the segmented continuous measurement (no repeated or missed measurements exceeding accuracy requirements). This requires not only accurate and easily identifiable markings on the measuring point marking unit, and easy determination of the midpoint of the gauge on the ruler, but also that the rulers of both the first and second upper and lower rail center distance positioning units be positioned on the rail in the direction of the normal to the curved rail. To improve measurement accuracy, the embodiments provided by this utility model are optimized in three aspects:
[0011] (1) The marking unit, in a typical implementation, can be an object used to mark the rail surface by spraying, scratching, or drawing, such as a handheld spray paint, knife, saw, nail, pen, etc., to mark the measuring points of the second upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit (e.g., a ruler) on the rail. To improve accuracy, as a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the measuring point marking unit has a hole for determining the marking point fixed at one end of the ruler of the second upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit and facing the rail, and for defining the marking position of the spray paint or marker pen, or a knife, nail, saw, or similar hard structure provided at one end of the ruler for scratching indentations on the rail surface. The embodiment with a "hole" is particularly convenient because it is very convenient to spray or scratch the marking at the corresponding rail position in the hole with spray paint or a pen. A more preferred embodiment is that the hole is an elongated or round hole facing the side wall of the rail head and extending along the normal direction of the rail. The elongated or round hole is located on a baffle at one end of the ruler, so that marking lines or dots can be drawn along the elongated hole on the side wall of the rail head with a pen, or marking lines or dots can be sprayed with paint. In this way, the marking points are close to the rail head tread surface (which is also the contact surface between the ruler and the rail), which can realize the rapid positioning of the second upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit without soiling the first upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit.
[0012] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the marking unit further includes: a can of spray paint; a spray paint mounting bracket fixedly installed on the outside of the ruler positioning unit of the ruler, the bracket having spray paint slots for mounting the spray paint can bottom-up onto the end of the ruler; a pressing rod on the bracket, the lower end of the pressing rod having a hook-like structure for hooking the top of the spray paint pressing nozzle; a baffle plate installed on the bracket, the elongated or round hole on the baffle plate corresponding to the nozzle direction of the spray paint; the pressing rod is hinged to the ruler and has an operating handle at its end. By operating the handle of the pressing rod, the hook at the lower end of the pressing rod is pulled upward, thereby pressing the pressing nozzle of the spray paint, and the sprayed paint passes through the round or elongated hole on the baffle plate, spraying line-like or dot-like marks on the rail corresponding to the position of the ruler.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment, considering the convenience of processing and installation, the pressing link consists of two links. The first link has an operating handle and is hinged to a ruler, and the end of the first link extends above the fixing frame. The lower end of the second link has the hook-shaped structure, and its upper end is hinged to the top of the fixing frame and is contacted from below by the end of the first link near the hinge end, or its upper end is hinged to the end of the first link. The hinged installation of the second link facilitates the rotation of the second link with the hook-shaped structure, and it can be moved to a position other than the top of the spray paint nozzle when disassembling and assembling the spray paint.
[0014] Furthermore, in order to securely install the spray paint and facilitate loading and unloading, the spray paint holder includes a slot for inserting an inverted spray paint, which is formed by a top, side walls and a bottom. The bottom has a slot for inserting the spray paint nozzle, and the side walls have semi-circular side panels.
[0015] (2) The ranging unit can typically be a ruler, steel tape measure, or leather tape measure, or it can be a non-contact ranging device such as an ultrasonic rangefinder, infrared rangefinder, or laser rangefinder. Considering cost and ease of use, a steel tape measure is preferred. In particular, as a preferred embodiment, a protrusion or groove is provided on the outer shell or handheld bracket of the steel tape measure, and a corresponding groove or protrusion is provided at the midpoint of the ruler of the second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit, so that the steel tape measure can be installed and fixed on the measuring midpoint of the second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit by insertion, thus ensuring that the position of the ranging unit relative to the second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit is fixed.
[0016] (3) Both the first and second upper and lower rail center distance positioning units can use a ruler to determine the midpoint of the distance by measuring the gap between the upper and lower rails. To ensure that the direction of the ruler is the normal direction of the curved track, in a preferred embodiment, the ruler positioning unit of the first and second upper and lower rail center distance positioning units is a contact surface composed of the surfaces of two cylinders with the same diameter, one of which is perpendicular to the end of the ruler pointing downwards. The two cylinders are symmetrically arranged relative to the ruler. Using two cylinders of the same diameter makes it easy to fit against the inner wall of the rail head of the curved rail, i.e., the working edge of the rail, to ensure that the ruler is in the normal direction of the curved rail.
[0017] For ease of operation, a sliding sleeve is further provided at the other end of the ruler of the first and second upper and lower strand center distance positioning units. The side wall of the sliding sleeve extending downwards from the ruler is a plane, which is perpendicular to both the ruler axis and the upper plane. This plane is used to abut against the inner side wall of the lower strand rail head, i.e., the rail working for positioning and indicating the track gauge.
[0018] The first upper and lower center distance positioning unit and / or the second upper and lower center distance positioning unit can be modified from existing track gauges or squares.
[0019] This invention offers the following advantages: By using the first and second upper and lower strand center distance positioning units, the midpoints of the distances between the upper and lower strands along the railway line can be easily determined and indicated. The distance between these two points can then be directly measured using a distance measuring unit, eliminating the need to separately measure the lengths of the upper and lower strands and then calculate the centerline mileage between them, thus reducing workload and improving efficiency. The measurement point marking unit ensures the continuity of the starting points for segmented measurements, guaranteeing measurement accuracy. This railway line mileage measuring device is particularly suitable for use in mountainous environments where GPS measurement is not feasible. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the two-measurement method for the upper and lower sides of the curve;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the railway line mileage measuring device of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the marking unit;
[0023] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another implementation of the marking unit;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a spray paint holder;
[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the shape and location of the marking lines on the rails;
[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the abutment effect of a cylindrical abutment surface against upper rails with different curvatures;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve;
[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a steel tape measure distance measuring unit.
[0029] In the diagram, 100 is the upper rail, and 200 is the lower rail.
[0030] 10. First upper and lower strand mid-distance positioning unit
[0031] 11. First ruler; 12. First ruler positioning unit; 13. First sliding positioning unit.
[0032] 20. Second upper and lower strand mid-distance positioning unit
[0033] 21. Second ruler; 22. Second ruler positioning unit; 23. Second sliding positioning unit; 24. Cylinder.
[0034] 30. Measurement point marking unit
[0035] 31. Spray paint, 32. Spray paint holder, 33. First connecting rod, 34. Second connecting rod, 35. Handle, 36. Baffle, 321. Top, 322. Side wall, 323. Bottom, 324. Bayonet, 325. Semi-circular side baffle, 361. Long hole, 37. Marking line.
[0036] 40. Distance measuring unit
[0037] 41. Steel measuring tape; 42. Handheld stand; 43. Square plug.
[0038] 50. Sliding sleeve; 51. Abutment surface
[0039] 101. Rail head tread Detailed Implementation
[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments to aid in understanding its contents. In the present invention, the upper (lower) rail or the upper (lower) rail strand is simply referred to as the upper (lower) strand.
[0041] like Figure 2 The image shown is an embodiment of the railway line mileage measuring device of this utility model in a top-down view, illustrating its measurement operation on a railway line. In this embodiment, the upper rail 100 and the lower rail 200 are shown with dashed lines. The railway line mileage measuring device includes:
[0042] The first upper and lower track center distance positioning unit 10 is used to determine the position of the midpoint C1 of the first distance between the upper track 100 and the lower track 200 of the railway line. It includes a first ruler 11 that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and can display the midpoint of the distance; a first ruler positioning unit 12 that abuts the left end of the first ruler 11 against the working edge of the upper track rail, i.e., the side wall of the rail head, and the abutting surface is perpendicular to the ruler; the first ruler positioning unit is fixed to the end of the ruler 11; and a first sliding positioning unit 13 at the right end of the ruler 11. The first sliding positioning unit 13 is positioned by abutting the inner side wall of the rail head of the lower track rail, and the track gauge is indicated by the correspondence between its edge and the scale on the ruler surface, thereby determining the midpoint C1 of the distance.
[0043] The second upper and lower track center distance positioning unit 20 is used to determine the position of the midpoint C2 of the second distance between the upper track 100 and the lower track 200 of the railway line. It includes a second ruler 21 that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and displays the midpoint of the distance; a second ruler positioning unit 22 whose left end abuts against the working edge of the rail, i.e., the side wall of the rail head, and whose abutting surface is perpendicular to the ruler; and a second sliding positioning unit 23 at the right end of the ruler 21. This enables the second upper and lower track center distance positioning unit 20 to be positioned between the upper track 100 and the lower track 200 and to determine the midpoint C2 of the distance.
[0044] The measurement point marking unit 30 is used to mark the measurement position of the second upper and lower track center distance positioning unit 20 on the upper track 100 of the railway line, so as to serve as the positioning position of the first upper and lower track center distance positioning unit 10 when measuring the next section. This ensures that the starting point of the N+1th measurement is the ending point of the Nth measurement during segmented measurement, that is, the measurement mileage is continuous, with no missed measurements due to inaccurate positioning and no repeated measurements.
[0045] The distance measuring unit 40, in this embodiment, is a steel tape measure, used to measure the distance between the midpoint C1 of the first spacing and the midpoint C2 of the second spacing.
[0046] The specific usage and measurement method are as follows: For the first measurement, the midpoint C1 of the first gap between the upper strand 100 and the lower strand 200 is determined by the first upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 10, and the midpoint C2 of the first gap between the upper strand 100 and the lower strand 200 is determined by the second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 20. The distance from C1 to C2 is measured using the measuring unit 40 (i.e., a steel tape measure), and the position of the center line of the ruler 21 of the second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 20 is marked on the upper strand 100 using the measuring point marking unit 30. The first upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 10 is moved to the marked position, and its ruler 11 center line is aligned with the marked point. At this time, the midpoints C1′ and C2 of the gap determined by the first upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 10 coincide. The second upper and lower strand midpoint positioning unit 20 is moved forward a certain distance and a new midpoint C2′ of the gap is determined. The distance between C1′ (which is also C2) and C2′ is then measured using the measuring unit 40. By continuously measuring, marking, changing positions, measuring again, and marking again, and adding the measured distances together, the mileage of the railway line can be determined.
[0047] A preferred embodiment of the measurement point marking unit 30 has the following structure: Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a can of spray paint 31; a spray paint fixing bracket 32 fixedly installed on the outside of the second ruler positioning unit 22 at the end of the second ruler 21, the fixing bracket 32 having a spray paint slot for clamping the bottom of the spray paint can 31 onto the end of the second ruler 21; the fixing bracket has a pressing link consisting of a first link 33 and a second link 34, wherein the first link 33 has an operating handle 35 and is hinged to the second ruler 21, and the left end of the first link extends to the top of the fixing bracket 32, the lower end of the second link 34 has a hook-like structure for hooking the top of the pressing nozzle of the spray paint 31, its upper end is hinged to the top of the fixing bracket 31, and the end near the hinge is contacted from below by the left end of the first link 33. Pressing down the handle 35 causes the left end of the first connecting rod 33 to tilt upwards, pushing the second connecting rod 34 upwards. The second connecting rod 34 rotates around its hinge point and moves upwards along the hinge elongated hole on the hinge bracket, causing its hook-shaped structure at the lower end to press the self-spraying nozzle of the spray paint 31 upwards for spraying. A baffle 36 is installed and fixed below the fixed frame 32. The elongated or round hole on the baffle 36 corresponds to the direction of the self-spraying nozzle. The sprayed paint is sprayed through the hole onto the side wall of the rail head of the upper rail 100 to form a mark.
[0048] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates another embodiment of the measurement point marking unit, and... Figure 3 The embodiment differs in that the upper end of the second connecting rod 34 is hinged to the end of the first connecting rod 33. When the right end handle of the first connecting rod 33 is pressed, the left end of the first connecting rod 33 tilts upward and simultaneously pulls the second connecting rod 34 upward. This also allows the hook-shaped structure at the lower end of the second connecting rod 34 to press the self-spraying paint nozzle. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the advantage of using a two-section linkage for the pressing link is that, as Figure 4 As shown, the second connecting rod 34 can rotate outwards to facilitate the installation or removal of the spray paint from the left side of the diagram into the mounting bracket. Of course, pressing the connecting rod can also... Figure 5 The diagram shows an integral structure, so the opening of the self-spraying paint holder needs to be on the side (i.e., the side perpendicular to the paper).
[0049] Figure 6 and Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the structure of a spray paint holder, comprising a slot for inserting an inverted spray paint can, consisting of a top 321, side walls 322, and a bottom 323. The top 321 restricts and positions the bottom of the spray paint can, while the bottom 323 positions the top. The bottom 323 has a notch 324 for inserting the spray paint nozzle, allowing the nozzle to extend downwards from the notch 324. To further define and secure the spray paint and facilitate centering, a semi-circular side baffle 325 is installed on the side wall 322 to better fit, define, and position the spray paint can.
[0050] Figure 6 The image also shows a baffle 36 located at the bottom of the mounting bracket, and an elongated hole 361 on the baffle 36, the elongated hole 361 extending towards the rail head sidewall and along the rail normal. This method creates a marking on the rail as shown in the image. Figure 7 As shown, the marking line 37 is a longitudinal straight line (projected as a straight line) formed on the side wall of the rail head. The marking line 37 is close to the rail head tread 101 (which is also the contact surface between the ruler and the rail) to achieve quick positioning of the second upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit, without soiling the first upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit placed on the rail at that position during subsequent measurements.
[0051] Figure 6 The ruler positioning unit of the second upper and lower center distance positioning unit is also shown. It is fixed to the left end of the ruler, and its abutting surface is the surface of two vertically downward-facing cylinders 24 with the same diameter installed at the end of the second ruler 21. The two cylinders 24 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the ruler 21. Its advantages and principles are as follows: Figure 8This schematically illustrates that when the rails of a curved track are arc-shaped, the upper rails 100 and 100′, with different curvatures, abut against the circular sidewalls of two cylinders 24, which serve as positioning units. Thus, the difference in curvature between upper rails 100 and 100′ only results in a difference in the abutment position of the two cylinders, forming a stable abutment while ensuring that the center line S of the second ruler, located at the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the two cylinders, is always the normal direction of upper rails 100 and 100′. The ruler positioning unit at this end is used to abut against the inner sidewall of the upper rail head, i.e., the working edge of the rail, for positioning the second upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit on the upper rail. The ruler positioning unit of the first upper and lower rail center distance positioning unit and... Figure 6 The implementation methods are the same and will not be described in detail here.
[0052] Correspondingly, such as Figure 9 As shown, at the other end of the rulers 11 and 21 of the first and second upper and lower strand center distance positioning units, there is a sliding sleeve 50. The side wall of the sliding sleeve extending downwards from the rulers 11 and 21 forms a lower strand abutment surface 51. This plane is perpendicular to both the ruler axis (X-axis direction) and the upper plane (XY plane). This abutment surface is located on the outer tangent surface of the lower strand for the curved line, thus ensuring that the center line of the rulers 11 and 21 is the normal direction of the lower strand.
[0053] Figure 10 An embodiment of a distance measuring unit modified from a steel tape measure is shown, in which a square plug 43 is mounted on the housing or handheld bracket 42 of the steel tape measure 41, forming a downward protrusion, corresponding to... Figure 1 The second upper and lower center distance positioning unit 20 shown uses a track gauge. A square slot for inserting a square plug 43 is provided at the midpoint C2 of its ruler 21. After assembly, it is not necessary to position the measuring unit on the second upper and lower center distance positioning unit 20 each time during the measurement process.
[0054] The above embodiments are only for understanding by those skilled in the art. Any modifications made to the embodiments based on the same or similar principles shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A railway line mileage measuring device, comprising: The first upper and lower track center distance positioning unit is used to determine the midpoint position of the first distance between the upper and lower tracks of the railway line. It includes a ruler that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and displays the midpoint of the distance, and a ruler positioning unit with one end of the ruler abutting against the working edge of the rail and the abutting surface perpendicular to the ruler. The second upper and lower track center distance positioning unit is used to determine the midpoint position of the second distance between the upper and lower tracks of the railway line. It includes a ruler that measures the distance between the upper and lower tracks and displays the midpoint of the distance, and a ruler positioning unit with one end of the ruler abutting against the working edge of the rail and the abutting surface perpendicular to the ruler. The measurement point marking unit is used to mark the measurement position of the second upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit on the railway line; The ranging unit is used to measure the distance between the midpoint of the first spacing and the midpoint of the second spacing.
2. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring point marking unit has a hole facing the rail at one end of the ruler of the second upper and lower middle distance positioning unit for determining the marking point.
3. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The hole is an elongated or round hole that faces the side wall of the rail head and extends along the normal direction of the rail, and the elongated or round hole is located on the baffle at one end of the ruler.
4. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The marking unit further includes: a can of spray paint; a spray paint fixing bracket fixedly installed on the outside of the ruler positioning unit, the fixing bracket having a spray paint slot for clamping the spray paint can with its bottom facing upwards onto the end of the ruler; a pressing link on the fixing bracket, the lower end of the pressing link having a hook-like structure for hooking the top of the spray paint pressing nozzle; a baffle plate installed on the fixing bracket, the elongated or round hole on the baffle plate corresponding to the nozzle direction of the spray paint; the pressing link is hinged to the ruler and has an operating handle at its end.
5. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The pressing link consists of two links, wherein the first link has an operating handle and is hinged to the ruler, and the end of the first link extends above the fixing frame; the lower end of the second link has the hook-shaped structure, the upper end of which is hinged to the top of the fixing frame and is contacted from below by the end of the first link near the hinge end, or the upper end of which is hinged to the end of the first link.
6. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The self-spraying paint holder consists of a top, side wall, and bottom forming a slot for inserting an inverted self-spraying paint, with a slot at the bottom for inserting the self-spraying paint nozzle, and a semi-circular side baffle on the side wall.
7. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The measuring unit is a steel tape measure. There are protrusions or grooves on the outer shell or handheld bracket of the steel tape measure. The middle distance point of the ruler of the second upper and lower strip positioning unit is provided with a corresponding groove or protrusion for connecting with the steel tape measure insert.
8. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ruler positioning unit of the first upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit and the ruler positioning unit of the second upper and lower strand center distance positioning unit is a contact surface composed of the surfaces of two cylinders with the same diameter, one of which is the contact surface of the ruler end perpendicularly downward. The two cylinders are symmetrically arranged with respect to the ruler.
9. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: At the other end of the ruler of the first and second upper and lower strand center distance positioning units, there is a sliding sleeve. The side wall of the sliding sleeve extending downwards from the ruler is a plane, which is perpendicular to the ruler axis and the upper plane.
10. The railway line mileage measuring device as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The first upper and lower center distance positioning unit and / or the second upper and lower center distance positioning unit are track gauges or square rulers.