Straw collection underground incineration and field returning device

Abstract

This utility model provides a straw collection and underground burning device for returning straw to the field, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. It includes a vehicle body, with a moving component, a ditching component, and a film covering component located at the bottom of the vehicle body. Inside the vehicle body, from front to back, are a pressing component, a crushing component, a fuel mixing component, and an ignition component. A backfilling component is located at the rear of the vehicle body. A material collection hopper is also located at the bottom of the vehicle body, situated between the ditching component and the film covering component. Two backfilling shovels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides behind the film covering component. This utility model provides a straw collection and underground burning device for returning straw to the field. The material collection hopper ensures thorough mixing of straw fragments and fuel, resulting in more complete combustion and a significant reduction in the amount of smoke produced. Combined with the double sealing measures of the film covering component covering the ecological film and the backfilling shovels covering the soil, it effectively prevents smoke leakage and greatly reduces environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and more specifically, it relates to a straw collection, underground burning and returning device. Background Technology

[0002] The invention patent (application number: CN202411621523.8) discloses an automatic straw collection and underground burning and returning equipment. The control system integrates the vehicle body power supply and drive module, and realizes the movement of the equipment through precise control. The collection component collects and transports the straw, the cleaning and pressing component screens and presses the transported straw, the crushing component crushes the screened and pressed straw, the straw fragments fall into the trenches dug by the trenching component, the fuel mixing component sprays fuel and ignites the straw fragments, the covering component covers the trenches, and the backfilling component restores the trenches.

[0003] In the aforementioned prior art, the straw is first crushed using a crushing component and then fuel is sprayed using a fuel mixing component. This results in insufficient mixing of straw and fuel. After the burning straw debris trench is covered with an ecological film using a film covering component, the insufficiently mixed straw and fuel will generate a lot of smoke. The smoke escapes from the ecological film on both sides, causing environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a straw collection and underground burning and returning device, which aims to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the smoke formed by insufficient mixing of straw and fuel escaping from the ecological membrane on both sides.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a straw collection, underground burning and returning device is provided, including a vehicle body. The bottom of the vehicle body is provided with a moving component, a trenching component, and a covering component. The front end of the vehicle body is provided with a collection component. The interior of the vehicle body is provided with a pressing component, a crushing component, a fuel mixing component, and an ignition component in sequence from front to back. The trenching component is located below the pressing component and in front of the crushing component. The covering component is located behind the ignition component. The collection component is used to collect straw and transport it to the pressing component. The rear end of the vehicle body is provided with a backfilling component.

[0006] The bottom of the vehicle body is also provided with a material collection hopper, which is located between the trenching component and the film covering component. The material collection hopper is used to mix the straw fragments discharged by the crushing component and the fuel discharged by the fuel mixing component. Two backfilling shovels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the rear of the film covering component. The two backfilling shovels are used to cover soil on both sides of the ecological film.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the collection assembly includes a collection shovel and two first hydraulic rods. The collection shovel is inclined upwards from front to back, and its upper end extends into the vehicle body and is hinged. The two first hydraulic rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the collection shovel. One end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the lower front end of the vehicle body, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is hinged to the outside of the collection shovel. The two first hydraulic rods operate synchronously to adjust the tilt angle of the collection shovel.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the collecting shovel includes a main shovel plate and side plates disposed on both sides of the main shovel plate, with two first hydraulic rods respectively hinged to the two side plates, and the main shovel plate includes a forked tooth plate and a screen plate arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the pressing assembly includes a vibrating screen, two swing arms, and a pressure plate. The vibrating screen is located on the lower side of the vehicle body and has multiple main dust collection holes. The vibrating screen is used to collect straw conveyed from the collection assembly. The two swing arms are symmetrically arranged on the upper front side of the vibrating screen to disperse the straw on the vibrating screen. The pressure plate is located on the upper rear side of the vibrating screen, and the pressure plate moves up and down to press the straw into shape.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the vibrating screen is provided with upwardly extending extension plates on both sides, and the extension plates are provided with a plurality of auxiliary dust collection holes spaced apart from front to back. The cross-section of the auxiliary dust collection holes is larger than that of the main dust collection holes. A vibrating motor and a vibrating arm are provided below one side of the vibrating screen. The upper end of the vibrating arm is hinged to one side of the vibrating screen, and the lower end of the vibrating arm is connected to the drive end of the vibrating motor.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the crushing assembly includes a crushing box, two crushing rollers, and a crushing motor. The crushing box is located below the rear side of the pressing assembly. Two chip nozzles are provided at the bottom rear side of the crushing box, facing the collection funnel. The two crushing rollers are arranged side by side inside the crushing box, and each of the two crushing rollers has multiple crushing teeth arranged circumferentially. The multiple crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers mesh with each other. The crushing motor is located at one end of any of the crushing rollers and is used to drive any of the crushing rollers to rotate, thereby causing the two crushing rollers to rotate in opposite directions.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the fuel mixing assembly includes a fuel tank and two fuel nozzles, the fuel tank being spaced apart at the rear of the crushing chamber, and the fuel nozzles being located at the bottom front of the fuel tank, with the two fuel nozzles facing the collecting hopper.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the ignition assembly includes two ignition canisters and a mounting plate. The two ignition canisters are fixedly disposed laterally inside the vehicle body and located behind the fuel mixing assembly. The lower end of each ignition canister is connected to a telescopic tube, and the lower end of the telescopic tube is provided with an ignition nozzle. An explosion-proof motor is also installed on each ignition canister. The mounting plate is laterally fixed inside the vehicle body and located behind the ignition canisters. The two explosion-proof motors are fixed to the mounting plate.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the coating assembly includes a central mounting plate and two coating shafts. The central mounting plate is fixedly disposed inside the vehicle body and located behind the ignition assembly. The two coating shafts are symmetrically arranged laterally on both sides of the central mounting plate. Each coating shaft is provided with a coating wheel for winding the ecological film. One outer end of each coating shaft is connected to a coating motor, and one inner end of each coating shaft is rotatably connected to the central mounting plate.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the backfill assembly includes a backfill frame, two sets of backfill components, and two rotating arms. The backfill frame is laterally positioned at the rear of the vehicle body. Both sets of backfill components are positioned below the backfill frame. Each set of backfill components includes two backfill wheels symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, with the interval between the two backfill wheels decreasing from front to back. The front end of the rotating arm is hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body, and the rear end of the rotating arm is connected to the backfill frame. A second hydraulic rod is hinged to the front side of the rotating arm, and the second hydraulic rod is hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body. A downwardly extending arm is connected to the middle of the rotating arm, and a backfill side shovel is installed at the lower end of the extending arm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model's straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-the-field device are as follows: Compared with the prior art, in the operation of this device, the vehicle first moves using the bottom-mounted moving components to the area where the straw is located. The collection component at the front of the vehicle then collects the straw from the ground and transports it to the pressing component inside the vehicle. The pressing component compresses the straw, making its structure more compact and facilitating subsequent crushing. The compressed straw then enters the crushing component and is crushed into fine straw fragments. At this time, the fuel mixing component begins to spray fuel, and the straw fragments and fuel fall together into the collection hopper located at the bottom of the vehicle. Inside the collection hopper, the straw fragments and fuel are thoroughly mixed, and the evenly mixed straw fragments and fuel fall into a trench pre-dug by the trenching component, where the ignition component ignites it. After combustion, the covering component covers the trench with an ecological film, effectively reducing the leakage of smoke during combustion. Two backfill shovels, symmetrically positioned at the rear of the membrane assembly, cover the ecological membrane with soil from both sides to stabilize it and prevent combustion fumes from escaping from the sides. The backfill assembly at the rear of the vehicle then begins operation, backfilling and covering the ecological membrane with soil to further seal the trench, ensuring it is completely enclosed.

[0017] This utility model provides a straw collection and underground burning device for returning straw to the field. It achieves thorough mixing of straw fragments and fuel through a collection funnel, fundamentally solving the problem of insufficient mixing of straw and fuel in the prior art. During combustion, because the straw and fuel are evenly mixed, combustion is more complete, and the amount of flue gas produced is significantly reduced. Combined with the dual sealing measures of covering the ecological film with a mulch assembly and backfilling the soil with a side shovel, it effectively prevents flue gas from escaping, greatly reducing environmental pollution, while achieving efficient straw return to the field, demonstrating good environmental benefits and agricultural application value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a straw collection, underground burning and returning device for use in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a straw collection, underground burning and returning device to the field provided by this utility model after removing the moving components and the vehicle body;

[0021] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of the collection shovel provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating screen provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component, fuel mixing component and material collection hopper provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition assembly provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the backfill component provided by this utility model.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 100. Vehicle body; 110. Moving component; 120. Partition plate; 200. Collection component; 210. Collection shovel; 211. Fork tooth plate; 212. Screen plate; 220. First hydraulic rod; 300. Pressing component; 310. Vibrating screen; 311. Main dust collection hole; 320. Extension plate; 321. Auxiliary dust collection hole; 330. Pressure plate; 340. Pressing motor; 350. Swing arm; 360. Recognition camera; 400. Crushing component; 410. Crushing box; 411. Debris nozzle; 420. Crushing roller; 430. Crushing motor; 500. Fuel mixing component; 510. Fuel tank; 511. Fuel nozzle; 600. Collection funnel; 700. Trenching component; 710. Fixing frame; 720. 800. Trenching plow; 810. Ignition assembly; 820. Ignition canister; 830. Telescopic tube; 840. Ignition nozzle; 850. Explosion-proof motor; 900. Film covering assembly; 910. Central mounting plate; 920. Film covering shaft; 921. Film covering wheel; 930. Film covering motor; 1000. Backfilling assembly; 1010. Backfilling frame; 1020. Backfilling wheel; 1030. Rotating arm; 1040. Second hydraulic rod; 1050. Extension arm; 1060. Backfilling side shovel; 1100. Battery panel; 1110. Power distribution board; 1120. Main controller; 1130. Gyroscope; 1140. Antenna; 1150. LiDAR; 1160. Front camera; 1170. Rear camera. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device. The device includes a vehicle body 100. A moving component 110, a trenching component 700, and a covering component 900 are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 100. A collection component 200 is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body 100. Inside the vehicle body 100, from front to back, a pressing component 300, a crushing component 400, a fuel mixing component 500, and an ignition component 800 are arranged sequentially. The trenching component 700 is located below the pressing component 300 and in front of the crushing component 400. The covering component 900 is located behind the ignition component 800. The collecting component 200 is used to collect straw and transport it to the pressing component 300. The rear end of the vehicle body 100 is equipped with a backfilling component 1000. The bottom of the vehicle body 100 is also equipped with a material collecting hopper 600, which is located between the trenching component 700 and the film covering component 900. The material collecting hopper 600 is used to mix the straw fragments discharged from the crushing component 400 and the fuel discharged from the fuel mixing component 500. Two backfilling shovels 1060 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the rear of the film covering component 900. The two backfilling shovels 1060 are used to cover the soil on both sides of the ecological film.

[0030] This utility model provides a straw collection and underground burning device for returning straw to the field. Compared with the prior art, in the operation of the straw collection and underground burning device, firstly, the vehicle body 100 moves by the bottom moving component 110 to the area where the straw is located. The collection component 200 at the front of the vehicle body 100 starts working, collecting the straw on the ground and conveying it to the pressing component 300 inside the vehicle body 100. The pressing component 300 presses the straw to make its structure more compact, which is convenient for subsequent crushing operations. The pressed straw enters the crushing component 400 and is crushed into fine straw fragments. At this time, the fuel mixing component 500 starts spraying fuel, and the straw fragments and fuel fall together into the collection funnel 600 located at the bottom of the vehicle body 100. In the collection funnel 600, the straw fragments and fuel are fully mixed, and the evenly mixed straw fragments and fuel fall into the trench pre-dug by the trenching component 700, and the ignition component 800 then ignites them. After combustion, the membrane assembly 900 covers the trench with an ecological membrane, effectively reducing the leakage of smoke during combustion. Two backfilling shovels 1060, symmetrically positioned on the left and right sides behind the membrane assembly 900, cover the ecological membrane with soil from both sides to stabilize it and prevent smoke from escaping from the sides. The backfilling assembly 1000 at the rear of the vehicle body 100 then operates, backfilling and covering the ecological membrane with soil to further seal the trench, ensuring it is completely sealed.

[0031] This utility model provides a straw collection and underground burning device for returning straw to the field. The collection funnel 600 ensures thorough mixing of straw fragments and fuel, fundamentally solving the problem of insufficient mixing of straw and fuel in the prior art. During combustion, the uniform mixing of straw and fuel leads to more complete combustion and a significant reduction in the amount of flue gas produced. Combined with the dual sealing measures of the covering membrane component 900 covering the ecological membrane and the backfilling shovel 1060 covering the soil, it effectively prevents flue gas leakage, greatly reducing environmental pollution. Simultaneously, it achieves efficient straw return to the field, demonstrating significant environmental benefits and agricultural application value.

[0032] The collection assembly 200 includes a collection shovel 210 and two first hydraulic rods 220. The collection shovel 210 is inclined upwards from front to back, and its upper end extends into the vehicle body 100 and is hinged. The two first hydraulic rods 220 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the collection shovel 210. One end of each first hydraulic rod 220 is hinged to the lower front end of the vehicle body 100, and the other end is hinged to the outside of the collection shovel 210. The two first hydraulic rods 220 operate synchronously to adjust the tilt angle of the collection shovel 210. When the collection assembly 200 is working, the two symmetrically arranged first hydraulic rods 220 operate synchronously, becoming the core power for adjusting the angle of the collection shovel 210. When it is necessary to collect straw, the first hydraulic rods 220 extend, pushing the collection shovel 210 to rotate around its hinge point, increasing the upward tilt angle of the collection shovel 210 from front to back. At this point, the front end of the low-positioned collecting shovel 210 can easily approach the ground, scooping up a large area of ​​straw. As the angle of the collecting shovel 210 continues to change, the straw is gradually conveyed into the vehicle body 100 along the inclined shovel surface. When the amount of straw collected reaches a certain level, or when it is necessary to move the work area, the first hydraulic rod 220 retracts, causing the angle of the collecting shovel 210 to decrease, so that the collecting shovel 210 is in a relatively flat state, which facilitates stable straw conveying and also reduces resistance when the equipment moves.

[0033] The adjustable tilt angle of the collecting shovel 210 can adapt to different terrains and straw accumulation conditions. In areas where straw is scattered and the ground is uneven, increasing the tilt angle of the collecting shovel 210 can more thoroughly collect straw from all corners, avoiding omissions. In areas with thicker straw accumulation, the angle can be appropriately reduced to ensure stable straw transport by the collecting shovel 210, improving collection efficiency. The synchronous operation of the two first hydraulic rods 220 ensures uniform force on the collecting shovel 210, making the adjustment process of the collecting shovel 210 smoother and more reliable, reducing mechanical wear caused by uneven force, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing energy consumption during operation, thus improving overall economy. In addition, the hinged design of the collecting shovel 210 and the vehicle body 100, combined with the flexible adjustment of the hydraulic rods, makes the structure of the collecting assembly 200 more compact, facilitating the transportation and storage of the equipment, and enhancing its practicality and applicability.

[0034] Please see Figure 3 The collecting shovel 210 includes a main shovel plate and side plates on both sides of the main shovel plate. Two first hydraulic rods 220 are respectively hinged to the two side plates. The main shovel plate includes a forked tooth plate 211 and a screen plate 212 arranged sequentially from front to back. The forked tooth plate 211 enhances the collecting shovel 210's ability to grasp straw of different shapes, efficiently collecting both loose and tightly packed straw, effectively improving collection efficiency. The screen plate 212 performs preliminary screening of the straw, reducing the entry of impurities such as soil and stones into the equipment, reducing wear on subsequent components such as the pressing component 300 and the crushing component 400, extending the overall service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs due to equipment failure caused by impurities. The enclosure design of the side plates further ensures the integrity of the straw collection and transportation process, preventing straw from scattering and causing secondary collection, saving time and labor costs. In addition, the coordinated operation of the various parts of the collecting shovel 210 enables the collecting component 200 to operate stably under different working conditions, improving the equipment's adaptability to complex operating environments and providing a strong guarantee for the efficient implementation of straw collection and returning to the field.

[0035] Please see Figure 2The pressing component 300 includes a vibrating screen 310, two swing arms 350, and a pressing plate 330. The vibrating screen 310 is located on the lower side inside the vehicle body 100 and has multiple main dust collection holes 311. The vibrating screen 310 is used to collect the straw conveyed by the collection component 200. The two swing arms 350 are symmetrically arranged on the upper front side of the vibrating screen 310 to disperse the straw on the vibrating screen 310. The pressing plate 330 is located on the upper rear side of the vibrating screen 310 and moves up and down to press the straw into shape. A recognition camera 360 is also arranged between the two swing arms 350 to identify soil and stones mixed in with the straw. When the collection component 200 conveys the straw to the vibrating screen 310 of the pressing component 300, the vibrating screen 310 begins to vibrate, and the two swing arms 350 swing synchronously to disperse the accumulated straw evenly. During this process, the recognition camera 360, located between the two swing arms 350, begins to operate. Utilizing image recognition technology, it monitors the continuously moving straw on the vibrating screen 310 in real time. Once impurities such as mud and stones mixed in with the straw are detected, the recognition camera 360 quickly converts the image information into an electrical signal and transmits it to the equipment's control system. Upon receiving the signal, the control system analyzes and processes it according to a preset program. On one hand, it controls the vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibrating screen 310 to facilitate the falling of impurities through the main dust collection hole 311, enhancing the screening effect. On the other hand, if larger stones or other impurities that are difficult to pass through the screen holes are detected, the control system uses the pressing motor 340 to temporarily slow down the pressing action of the pressure plate 330, preventing these hard impurities from entering the subsequent crushing component 400 and damaging the equipment. After the impurities are effectively removed or the straw is adjusted to a suitable state, the pressure plate 330 then moves up and down to press the straw into shape.

[0036] The 360-degree recognition camera can accurately identify impurities such as soil and stones in straw. Compared to relying solely on the vibrating screen 310 for sieving, this significantly improves the accuracy of impurity screening and reduces the possibility of impurities entering subsequent processing steps. This not only reduces the probability of malfunctions in subsequent equipment such as the crushing component 400 due to impurity wear, extending equipment lifespan, but also reduces maintenance costs and downtime caused by equipment failures, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of straw collection and returning to the field. Secondly, through the coordinated control of the 360-degree recognition camera and other components, the pressing component 300 can more intelligently process straw with different impurity contents, enhancing the equipment's adaptability to complex straw processing scenarios and improving the overall stability and reliability of the underground straw collection and burning returning device.

[0037] Please see Figure 4The vibrating screen 310 has upwardly extending extension plates 320 on both sides. Multiple auxiliary dust collection holes 321 are spaced apart from front to back on the extension plates 320. The cross-section of the auxiliary dust collection holes 321 is larger than that of the main dust collection holes 311. A vibrating motor and a vibrating arm (not shown in the figure) are located on one side of the vibrating screen 310. The upper end of the vibrating arm is hinged to one side of the vibrating screen 310, and the lower end of the vibrating arm is connected to the drive end of the vibrating motor. When the collecting component 200 conveys straw to the vibrating screen 310 of the pressing component 300, the vibrating motor starts running, and its drive end drives the lower end of the connected vibrating arm to move. Since the upper end of the vibrating arm is hinged to one side of the vibrating screen 310, under the drive of the vibrating motor, the vibrating arm swings around the hinge point as an axis, thereby causing the vibrating screen 310 to generate high-frequency vibration. At this time, the two swing arms 350 swing synchronously, spreading the accumulated straw evenly. The recognition camera 360, located between the two swing arms 350, uses image recognition technology to monitor the continuously moving straw on the vibrating screen 310 in real time. The cooperation between the vibrating motor and the vibrating arm provides stable and adjustable vibration power for the vibrating screen 310. Compared with the traditional single vibration method, it can more effectively promote the shaking of straw, separate impurities from straw, and improve screening efficiency.

[0038] Multiple auxiliary dust collection holes 321, spaced apart from front to back, on the extension plate 320 work together with the main dust collection hole 311 to complete the impurity screening. Because the cross-section of the auxiliary dust collection holes 321 is larger than that of the main dust collection hole 311, larger impurities are more likely to fall through the auxiliary dust collection holes 321 under the vibration of the vibrating screen 310. When the recognition camera 360 detects impurities such as soil and stones mixed in the straw, the control system controls the vibrating motor to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude, further enhancing the shaking effect of the vibrating screen 310, so that the impurities can fall more smoothly through the main dust collection hole 311 and the auxiliary dust collection holes 321 to the bottom. If larger stones or other impurities that are difficult to pass through the screen holes are detected, the control system will control the pressure plate 330 to temporarily slow down the pressing action to prevent these hard impurities from entering the subsequent crushing component 400. After the impurities are effectively removed or the straw is adjusted to a suitable state, the pressure plate 330 will then move up and down to compress the straw into shape. The extension plate 320 and auxiliary dust collection holes 321 expand the impurity drop channel, especially enhancing the screening capability for larger impurities, further improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of impurity screening. This not only significantly reduces the possibility of impurities entering subsequent processing steps, effectively reducing the probability of failures in subsequent equipment such as the crushing component 400 due to impurity wear, and extending equipment lifespan, but also reduces maintenance costs and downtime caused by equipment failures, effectively ensuring the continuity and efficiency of straw collection and returning to the field. Simultaneously, through collaborative work with components such as the recognition camera 360 and the pressure plate 330, the pressing component 300 can process straw with different impurity contents more intelligently and efficiently, significantly enhancing the equipment's adaptability to complex straw processing scenarios and comprehensively improving the operational stability and reliability of the entire straw collection underground incineration and returning-to-the-field device.

[0039] Please see Figure 5The crushing assembly 400 includes a crushing box 410, two crushing rollers 420, and a crushing motor 430. The crushing box 410 is located below the rear side of the pressing assembly 300. Two chip nozzles 411 are located at the bottom rear side of the crushing box 410, facing the collection funnel 600. The two crushing rollers 420 are arranged side-by-side inside the crushing box 410. Each crushing roller 420 has multiple crushing teeth arranged circumferentially, and these teeth mesh with each other. The crushing motor 430 is located at one end of either crushing roller 420 and drives either crushing roller 420 to rotate, thereby causing the two crushing rollers 420 to rotate in opposite directions. After the pressing assembly 300 crushes the straw into shape, the shaped straw falls into the crushing box 410 located below the rear side of the pressing assembly 300. At this time, the crushing motor 430 starts working, and its drive end is connected to one of the crushing rollers 420, driving that roller 420 to rotate. Because multiple crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers 420 mesh with each other, when one crushing roller 420 rotates, the other crushing roller 420 will rotate in the opposite direction under the action of gear transmission. The two crushing rollers 420 rotate in opposite directions at high speed, and the circumferentially arranged crushing teeth tear, squeeze, and cut the formed straw entering the crushing box 410. Under the repeated action of the crushing teeth, the straw is quickly crushed into fine fragments. The crushed straw fragments are moved towards the rear bottom of the crushing box 410 by the centrifugal force generated by the rotating crushing rollers 420 and their own gravity. The two fragment nozzles 411 located at the rear bottom of the crushing box 410 then function, spraying the crushed straw fragments at high speed into the collection funnel 600. Under the spraying action of the nozzles, the straw fragments can be more evenly dispersed in the collection funnel 600, preparing for subsequent mixing with fuel.

[0040] Two interlocking, counter-rotating crushing rollers 420, combined with densely distributed crushing teeth, significantly enhance the crushing capacity of shaped straw. Whether it's harder straw stalks or softer straw leaves, both can be thoroughly crushed, resulting in more uniform straw fragment size and improved crushing effect and quality. Secondly, the placement of the fragment nozzle 411 changes the traditional fragment dropping method, more precisely delivering straw fragments to the collection funnel 600 through spraying, and ensuring more uniform distribution of fragments within the funnel. This facilitates full contact with the fuel sprayed from the fuel mixing component 500, improving the mixing uniformity of straw fragments and fuel, thus providing more complete combustion conditions for underground burning, reducing smoke from incomplete combustion, and lowering environmental pollution. Furthermore, the design of the crushing motor 430 directly driving the crushing rollers 420 reduces energy loss in the transmission process and improves the working efficiency of the crushing component 400.

[0041] Please see Figure 5The fuel mixing assembly 500 includes a fuel tank 510 and two fuel nozzles 511. The fuel tank 510 is spaced apart at the rear of the crushing box 410, and the fuel nozzles 511 are located at the bottom front of the fuel tank 510, with both fuel nozzles facing the collection hopper 600. The fuel tank 510 stores fuel for combustion. Under the command of the equipment control system, the fuel in the fuel tank 510 flows to the two fuel nozzles 511 located at the bottom front of the fuel tank 510 under its own weight and a certain pressure. The two fuel nozzles 511 face the collection hopper 600. When the fuel reaches the nozzles, the nozzles spray the fuel in the form of atomization or jet, so that the fuel is evenly distributed in the collection hopper 600. At this time, the collection hopper 600 already contains straw fragments conveyed by the crushing assembly 400, and the sprayed fuel comes into full contact with and mixes with the straw fragments. Because the fuel nozzle 511 is carefully positioned and its injection direction is designed, it ensures that the fuel covers all areas within the collection hopper 600, allowing for a more uniform mixture of fuel and straw fragments within the hopper. This uniform mixture of fuel and straw fragments enables more complete combustion, reducing the emission of harmful gases and soot caused by incomplete combustion and thus lowering environmental pollution.

[0042] Please see Figure 6 The ignition assembly 800 includes two ignition canisters 810 and a mounting plate 850. The two ignition canisters 810 are fixedly installed inside the vehicle body 100 and located behind the fuel mixing assembly 500. A telescopic tube 820 is connected to the lower end of each ignition canister 810, and an ignition nozzle 830 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic tube 820. An explosion-proof motor 840 is also installed on each ignition canister 810. The mounting plate 850 is horizontally fixed inside the vehicle body 100 and located behind the ignition canisters 810. The two explosion-proof motors 840 are fixed to the mounting plate 850. After the straw fragments and fuel are fully mixed in the collecting hopper 600, they fall into the trench pre-dug by the trenching assembly 700. At this time, the ignition assembly 800 begins to operate, and the two ignition canisters 810 fixed inside the vehicle body 100 enter the working state under the drive of the explosion-proof motors 840. The explosion-proof motor 840 is fixed to a mounting plate 850 that is horizontally installed inside the vehicle body 100. Its power output shaft is connected to the ignition canister 810 to control the opening of the ignition canister 810. After the explosion-proof motor 840 is started, it drives the internal components of the ignition canister 810 to rotate, preparing for the ignition process.

[0043] Simultaneously, the telescopic tube 820 connected to the lower end of the ignition canister 810 extends downwards under the control of the motor, causing the ignition nozzle 830 at the lower end of the telescopic tube 820 to gradually approach the mixture of straw fragments and fuel in the trench. When the ignition nozzle 830 reaches the appropriate position, the ignition energy generated in the ignition canister 810 is released through the ignition nozzle 830, instantly igniting the mixture in the trench. During combustion, if it is necessary to adjust the position of the ignition nozzle 830 to ensure complete combustion, the explosion-proof motor 840 can drive the telescopic tube 820 again to extend and retract, ensuring that the ignition nozzle 830 is always in the optimal ignition position.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 The coating assembly 900 includes a central mounting plate 910 and two coating shafts 920. The central mounting plate 910 is fixedly installed inside the vehicle body 100 and located behind the ignition assembly 800. The two coating shafts 920 are symmetrically arranged laterally on both sides of the central mounting plate 910. Each coating shaft 920 is equipped with a coating wheel 921 for winding the ecological film. A coating motor 930 is connected to the outer end of the coating shaft 920, and the inner end of the coating shaft 920 is rotatably connected to the central mounting plate 910. When the coating motor 930 connected to the outer end of the coating shaft 920 starts operating, it outputs power, causing the coating shaft 920 to rotate around its inner end, which is rotatably connected to the central mounting plate 910. As the coating shaft 920 rotates, the coating wheel 921, which is fitted onto the coating shaft 920 for winding the ecological film, also rotates, and the ecological film, originally tightly wound on the coating wheel 921, is gradually released and unfolded. Two symmetrically positioned film-covering shafts 920 on either side of the central mounting plate 910 work together to smoothly cover the burning trench with the ecological film. During the film-covering process, the film-covering motor 930 can adjust its rotation speed and angle according to actual needs to ensure that the ecological film completely and smoothly covers the trench without gaps. Through the cooperation of the two film-covering shafts 920 and the film-covering wheel 921, the ecological film can be quickly covered on the trench, promptly sealing off the combustion process, greatly reducing the diffusion of combustion smoke to the outside world, and effectively reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment.

[0045] Please see Figure 7The backfill assembly 1000 includes a backfill frame 1010, two sets of backfill components, and two rotating arms 1030. The backfill frame 1010 is laterally positioned at the rear of the vehicle body 100. Both sets of backfill components are located below the backfill frame 1010. Each set of backfill components includes two symmetrically arranged backfill wheels 1020, with the spacing between the two backfill wheels decreasing from front to rear. The front end of the rotating arm 1030 is hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body 100, and the rear end of the rotating arm 1030 is connected to the backfill frame 1010. A second hydraulic rod 1040 is hinged to the front side of the rotating arm 1030 and is also hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body 100. A downwardly extending arm 1050 is connected to the middle of the rotating arm 1030, and a backfill side shovel 1060 is installed at the lower end of the extending arm 1050. After the covering assembly 900 completes the process of covering the combustion trench with the ecological film, the backfill assembly 1000 enters the working state. The second hydraulic rod 1040 is activated first, and its extension and retraction are precisely controlled by the hydraulic system. As the hydraulic rod extends or retracts, the rotating arm 1030, which is hinged to it, rotates and adjusts around the hinge point at the rear end of the vehicle body 100. Driven by the second hydraulic rod 1040, the rotating arm 1030 drives the backfill frame 1010 connected to the rear end to slowly descend until the two sets of backfill components and the backfill side shovel 1060 located below the backfill frame 1010 are adjusted to the ideal height to be in contact with the working ground.

[0046] The spacing between the two backfill rollers 1020 in the backfill component decreases from front to back. The larger spacing between the front rollers initially gathers the loose soil in front of the trench. As the spacing between the rear rollers gradually decreases, the compressive force on the soil gradually increases, achieving soil cohesion from shallow to deep and from loose to dense, thus gathering and covering a large area of ​​soil onto the ecological membrane. The backfill side shovel 1060 is crescent-shaped. Its blade easily cuts into the soil layers on both sides of the ecological membrane, firmly scooping up the soil and spreading it evenly along both sides of the ecological membrane, further compacting and sealing both sides of the trench. This effectively seals the residual smoke from combustion within the trench, significantly reducing the leakage of harmful gases and lowering the risk of environmental pollution.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 The ditching assembly 700 includes a fixing frame 710 and a ditching plow 720. The fixing frame 710 is located at the bottom of the vehicle body 100 and below the pressing assembly 300; the ditching plow 720 is connected to the bottom of the fixing frame 710, with the cutting edge of the ditching plow 720 facing forward. As the vehicle body 100 moves, the cutting edge of the ditching plow 720 will dig corresponding trenches in the field, providing conditions for the backfilling of straw debris.

[0048] In addition, the automatic straw collection, underground burning and returning equipment also includes a control system. The control system is located on the upper part of the vehicle body 100. The control system is electrically connected to the moving mechanism, the collection mechanism, the processing mechanism and the returning mechanism. The control system can realize the linkage of various mechanisms of the whole vehicle and improve the degree of automation.

[0049] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A partition 120 is provided in the middle of the vehicle body 100. The partition divides the interior of the vehicle body 100 into an upper space and a lower space. The control system is mainly located in the upper space and the top of the vehicle body 100, while the main working mechanism is located in the lower space, so as to avoid straw and debris mixed in the straw from affecting the equipment in the upper space.

[0050] Specifically, a solar panel 1100 is mounted on the upper surface of the partition plate 120, and a voltage distribution board 1110 is mounted on the upper surface of the solar panel 1100 to distribute the voltage of the solar panel 1100. The control system includes a main controller 1120, a gyroscope 1130, an antenna 1140, a lidar 1150, a front-facing camera 1160, and a rear-facing camera 1170. The main controller 1120 and the gyroscope 1130 are respectively mounted on the solar panel 1100. The upper plate of vehicle body 100 has antenna 1140 and lidar 1150 respectively mounted on the top. Front camera 1160 is mounted on the front side of vehicle body 100, and rear camera 1170 is mounted on the rear side of vehicle body 100. Main controller 1120 collects information from gyroscope 1130, lidar 1150, front camera 1160, and rear camera 1170, and communicates with the terminal via antenna 1140 to upload and download data. This device relies on a wireless communication system for remote control and can perform wireless communication, remote control, data upload and download, positioning and navigation, automatic continuous operation, and automatic obstacle avoidance.

[0051] The wireless communication system comprises a client terminal, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a main controller, a cloud server, and a wireless signal transmission system. The client terminal can be installed in a computer or other mobile communication device to remotely control the device. It uploads and processes environmental terrain and image data, device location, and operating information through the IoT device, main controller 1120, cloud server, antenna 1140, lidar 1150, gyroscope 1130, front-facing camera 1160, and rear-facing camera 1170. The IoT device provides network resources and environment; the cloud server provides cloud storage, cloud computing, and big data services; and the wireless signal transmission system provides wireless signals and data transmission.

[0052] The main controller 1120 can control the entire equipment and has the ability to automatically complete the entire work process. It can automatically drive, automatically control, automatically operate continuously, automatically detect, automatically store, automatically upload and download data, automatically avoid obstacles, and remotely restart. It communicates with the cloud server through the antenna 1140. The front camera 1160 and the rear camera 1170 can collect 180° image information from the front and rear, and can observe, collect, store, and upload the observed environmental information. The lidar 1150 can collect, store, and upload three-dimensional terrain information to assist the main controller in automatic obstacle avoidance and real-time planning of a reasonable work route.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a vehicle body (100), at the bottom of which a moving component (110), a trenching component (700), and a covering component (900) are provided. At the front end of the vehicle body (100) a collecting component (200) is provided. Inside the vehicle body (100), from front to back, a pressing component (300), a crushing component (400), a fuel mixing component (500), and an ignition component (800) are provided in sequence. The trenching component (700) is located below the pressing component (300) and in front of the crushing component (400). The covering component (900) is located behind the ignition component (800). The collecting component (200) is used to collect straw and transport it to the pressing component (300). At the rear end of the vehicle body (100) a backfilling component (1000) is provided. The bottom of the vehicle body (100) is also provided with a material collection hopper (600), which is located between the trenching component (700) and the film covering component (900). The material collection hopper (600) is used to mix the straw fragments discharged by the crushing component (400) and the fuel discharged by the fuel mixing component (500). Two backfilling shovels (1060) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the rear of the film covering component (900). The two backfilling shovels (1060) are used to cover soil on both sides of the ecological film.

2. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The collection assembly (200) includes a collection shovel (210) and two first hydraulic rods (220). The collection shovel (210) is inclined upward from front to back. The upper end of the collection shovel (210) extends into the vehicle body (100) and is hinged. The two first hydraulic rods (220) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the collection shovel (210). One end of the first hydraulic rod (220) is hinged to the lower front end of the vehicle body (100), and the other end of the first hydraulic rod (220) is hinged to the outside of the collection shovel (210). The two first hydraulic rods (220) move synchronously to adjust the tilt angle of the collection shovel (210).

3. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The collecting shovel (210) includes a main shovel plate and side plates disposed on both sides of the main shovel plate. Two first hydraulic rods (220) are respectively hinged to the two side plates. The main shovel plate includes a fork tooth plate (211) and a sieve plate (212) arranged sequentially from front to back.

4. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly (300) includes a vibrating screen (310), two swing arms (350), and a pressing plate (330). The vibrating screen (310) is located on the lower side inside the vehicle body (100). The vibrating screen (310) has multiple main dust collection holes (311). The vibrating screen (310) is used to collect the straw conveyed by the collecting assembly (200). The two swing arms (350) are symmetrically arranged on the upper front side of the vibrating screen (310) to disperse the straw on the vibrating screen (310). The pressing plate (330) is located on the upper rear side of the vibrating screen (310). The pressing plate (330) moves up and down to press the straw into shape.

5. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The vibrating screen (310) has upwardly extending extension plates (320) on both sides. The extension plates (320) have multiple auxiliary dust collection holes (321) spaced apart from front to back. The cross-section of the auxiliary dust collection holes (321) is larger than that of the main dust collection holes (311). A vibrating motor and a vibrating arm are provided on one side of the vibrating screen (310). The upper end of the vibrating arm is hinged to one side of the vibrating screen (310), and the lower end of the vibrating arm is connected to the drive end of the vibrating motor.

6. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing assembly (400) includes a crushing box (410), two crushing rollers (420), and a crushing motor (430). The crushing box (410) is located below the rear side of the pressing assembly (300). Two chip nozzles (411) are provided at the bottom rear side of the crushing box (410), and the two chip nozzles (411) face the collecting funnel (600). The two crushing rollers (420) are arranged side by side in the crushing box (410). Multiple crushing teeth are provided on the circumference of each of the two crushing rollers (420), and the multiple crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers (420) mesh with each other. The crushing motor (430) is located at one end of any of the crushing rollers (420), and the crushing motor (430) is used to drive any of the crushing rollers (420) to rotate so as to drive the two crushing rollers (420) to rotate in opposite directions.

7. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The fuel mixing assembly (500) includes a fuel tank (510) and two fuel nozzles (511). The fuel tank (510) is spaced apart at the rear side of the crushing box (410), and the fuel nozzles (511) are located at the bottom front side of the fuel tank (510). The two fuel nozzles (511) face the collecting funnel (600).

8. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition assembly (800) includes two ignition canisters (810) and a mounting plate (850). The two ignition canisters (810) are fixedly disposed on the left and right sides inside the vehicle body (100) and located behind the fuel mixing assembly (500). The lower end of each ignition canister (810) is connected to a telescopic tube (820). The lower end of the telescopic tube (820) is provided with an ignition nozzle (830). An explosion-proof motor (840) is also installed on the ignition canister (810). The mounting plate (850) is horizontally fixed inside the vehicle body (100) and located behind the ignition canisters (810). The two explosion-proof motors (840) are fixed on the mounting plate (850).

9. The straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coating assembly (900) includes a central mounting plate (910) and two coating shafts (920). The central mounting plate (910) is fixedly installed inside the vehicle body (100) and located behind the ignition assembly (800). The two coating shafts (920) are symmetrically arranged laterally on both sides of the central mounting plate (910). The coating shafts (920) are provided with coating wheels (921) for winding the ecological film. One outer end of the coating shaft (920) is connected to a coating motor (930), and the inner end of the coating shaft (920) is rotatably connected to the central mounting plate (910).

10. A straw collection, underground burning, and returning-to-field device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The backfill assembly (1000) includes a backfill frame (1010), two sets of backfill components, and two rotating arms (1030). The backfill frame (1010) is laterally arranged at the rear of the vehicle body (100). Both sets of backfill components are located below the backfill frame (1010). Each set of backfill components includes two symmetrically arranged backfill wheels (1020), with the spacing between the two backfill wheels (1020) decreasing from front to back. The rotating arms (1030)... The front end is hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body (100), the rear end of the rotating arm (1030) is connected to the backfill frame (1010), the front side of the rotating arm (1030) is hinged to a second hydraulic rod (1040), the second hydraulic rod (1040) is hinged to the rear end of the vehicle body (100), the middle part of the rotating arm (1030) is connected to a downward extension arm (1050), and the backfill side shovel (1060) is installed at the lower end of the extension arm (1050).

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