A sorting device for seedling planting

Abstract

The utility model provides a sorting device for seedling planting, including sorting conveying base, the mirror image symmetry fixed mounting of two support legs on sorting conveying base is connected with base through damping seat, and the below of one side of sorting conveying base is provided with a plurality of collection box, sorting conveying base is installed with two conveying side plates through the mirror image symmetry of bolt, and the rotatory mounting of conveying side plate between has conveying roller, and the assembly of conveying belt is equipped on two conveying rollers, and the one end of conveying roller rotates through conveying side plate, and with the fixed mounting of drive part output portion outside this conveying side plate is fixed, sorting conveying base is installed with a plurality of micro -vibration ware, the utility model discloses through the cooperation of concave letter type conveying seat and V type channel, forms stable horizontal conveying space, avoids the sorting error of attitude deviation, and the length of sorting mouth is increasing, and realizes " short seedling falls first, long seedling falls later " by gravity, and does not need complex sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of seedling sorting technology, and in particular relates to a sorting device for seedling planting. Background Technology

[0002] As special plants with root systems and stems, seedlings require precise classification based on parameters such as diameter, length (height), root development, and crown width during nursery cultivation and transplanting to meet the needs of different planting scenarios. Currently, traditional seedling length (height) sorting mainly relies on manual operation, where seedlings are manually classified after their height is measured. However, this method has significant drawbacks: firstly, manual sorting is inefficient and labor-intensive, making it difficult to meet the batch grading needs of large-scale nurseries; secondly, manual measurement has a large margin of error and is influenced by subjective judgment, easily leading to confusion in seedling specification classification, and frequent manual handling may cause root damage or stem breakage, reducing seedling survival rates.

[0003] Although some mechanical sorting devices exist in the existing technology, they mostly adopt complex sensor detection and mechanical gripper sorting structures, which are costly and difficult to maintain. This is especially true for small and medium-sized nurseries, where the equipment investment and operating costs are difficult to bear.

[0004] Therefore, it is essential to invent a sorting device for seedling planting. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a sorting device for seedling planting, including a sorting and conveying base, supporting legs, shock-absorbing seats, a base, collection boxes, conveying side plates, conveying rollers, conveying belts, a drive component, and micro vibrators. Two supporting legs are fixedly and mirror-symmetrically installed on the sorting and conveying base and connected to the base through shock-absorbing seats. Several collection boxes are arranged below one side of the sorting and conveying base. Two conveying side plates are fixedly and mirror-symmetrically installed on the sorting and conveying base by bolts. A conveying roller is rotatably installed between the conveying side plates. A conveying belt is assembled on the two conveying rollers. One end of one of the conveying rollers rotatably passes through one of the conveying side plates and is fixed to the output end of the drive component fixedly installed outside the conveying side plate. Several micro vibrators are installed on the sorting and conveying base.

[0006] Preferably, the sorting and conveying base includes a conveying seat, sorting ports, mounting hole groups, drop covers, and reinforcing plates. Two mirror-symmetrical support legs are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower part of the conveying seat. Several sorting ports are opened through the conveying seat, and mounting hole groups are provided on its outer surface. Two mirror-symmetrical conveying side plates are fixedly installed on the conveying seat through the mounting hole groups and bolts. Several drop covers are fixedly installed below the conveying seat, and reinforcing plates are fixedly installed on the back of the drop covers.

[0007] Preferably, the conveyor seat has a U-shaped structure, the conveying channel of the conveyor seat has a V-shaped structure, the conveyor seat is located below the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt and the conveying channel of the conveyor seat together form a complete seedling conveying channel.

[0008] Preferably, the lengths of the sorting ports that are opened through the conveyor seat increase sequentially, and the lengths of the sorting ports are not the same. Seedlings are allowed to pass smoothly through sorting ports that do not correspond to their own length, but seedlings cannot pass through sorting ports that are longer than their own length.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of miniature vibrators are fixedly installed below the conveyor seat, and the miniature vibrators are located on one side of the sorting port and the drop cover.

[0010] Preferably, the drop covers fixedly installed on the conveyor seat are configured to correspond to the sorting ports, allowing seedlings to fall onto the drop covers through the sorting ports. The dimensions of each drop cover are different, and their dimensions match the dimensions of the corresponding sorting ports.

[0011] Preferably, the drop cover is obliquely and fixedly installed below the conveyor seat, and has a "U" shaped cross-section, with the lower end of each drop cover located above the corresponding collection box.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This utility model, through the combined design of a U-shaped conveyor seat and a V-shaped conveyor channel, creates a stable horizontal conveying space for seedlings between the conveyor belt and the conveyor seat, effectively limiting seedling tilt and ensuring that they pass through the sorting port in a horizontal posture. This fundamentally avoids sorting errors caused by posture deviations and improves the reliability of length detection.

[0014] The sorting openings on the conveyor seat of this utility model have progressively increasing lengths, each corresponding to a drop cover. Seedlings can only fall naturally when passing through a sorting opening longer than themselves, achieving orderly grading with "shorter seedlings falling first and longer seedlings falling last." This design requires no complex sensor detection; sorting is completed solely through mechanical structure and gravity. The sorting logic is clear, the grading accuracy is high, and sorting efficiency is significantly improved, making it suitable for batch processing in small and medium-sized nurseries.

[0015] The miniature vibrator installed next to the sorting port of this utility model can periodically apply micro-vibrations to prevent seedlings from getting stuck in the sorting port due to friction or center of gravity shift, ensuring their smooth fall; the tilted "U"-shaped drop cover guides the seedlings to fall accurately into the corresponding collection box, reducing manual intervention, lowering the risk of seedling damage, and improving the smoothness of the sorting process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sorting and conveying base of this utility model.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] Sorting and conveying base 1, conveying seat 11, sorting port 12, mounting hole group 13, drop cover 14, reinforcing plate 15, support leg 2, shock absorber seat 3, base 4, collection box 5, conveying side plate 6, conveying roller 7, conveying belt 8, drive component 9, micro vibrator 10. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 As shown:

[0024] This utility model provides a sorting device for seedling planting, comprising a sorting and conveying base 1, supporting legs 2, shock-absorbing seats 3, a base 4, collection boxes 5, conveying side plates 6, conveying rollers 7, conveying belts 8, a driving component 9, and micro vibrators 10. Two supporting legs 2 are fixedly and mirror-symmetrically mounted on the sorting and conveying base 1, connected to the base 4 via shock-absorbing seats 3. Several collection boxes 5 are arranged below one side of the sorting and conveying base 1. Two conveying side plates 6 are fixedly and mirror-symmetrically mounted on the sorting and conveying base 1 via bolts. A conveying roller 7 is rotatably mounted between the conveying side plates 6, and a conveying belt 8 is mounted on the two conveying rollers 7. One end of one of the conveying rollers 7 rotatably passes through one of the conveying side plates 6 and is fixed to the output end of the driving component 9 fixedly mounted outside the conveying side plate 6. Several micro vibrators 10 are mounted on the sorting and conveying base 1.

[0025] Furthermore, the sorting and conveying base 1 includes a conveying seat 11, sorting openings 12, mounting hole groups 13, drop covers 14, and reinforcing plates 15. The conveying seat 11 is a rectangular frame structure made of Q235 carbon steel. Mirror-symmetrical support legs 2 are fixed to both ends of the bottom by welding or bolts. The lower ends of the support legs 2 are bolted to the base 4 via shock-absorbing seats 3 (rubber damping blocks or spring shock absorbers), effectively absorbing vibrations during equipment operation. Several sorting openings 12 (elongated through holes) are formed along the conveying direction on the upper surface of the conveying seat 11. Mounting hole groups 13 (evenly distributed bolt holes) are pre-set on the outer surface, and two conveying side plates 6 are fixed to both sides of the conveying seat 11 using M8 bolts. Several drop covers 14 (corresponding one-to-one with the sorting openings 12) are fixed to the bottom of the conveying seat 11 by welding or bolts. Reinforcing plates 15 are welded to the back of each drop cover 14 to enhance the overall structural rigidity.

[0026] Furthermore, the conveyor seat 11 is a U-shaped trough, with a V-shaped cross-section in the middle conveying channel (the angle between the two inclined sides is 60°-90°). It is made of stainless steel plate bent into shape, and the surface is smoothed to reduce seedling friction. The conveyor seat 11 is located directly below the conveyor belt 8, and the distance between the two is adjustable according to the diameter of the seedling (achieved through the waist-shaped hole on the conveyor side plate 6), together forming a closed conveying channel of "upper pressure and lower support". The conveyor belt 8 (made of neoprene rubber with an inner fiber reinforcement layer) is wound around two conveyor rollers 7. One of the conveyor rollers 7 passes through the conveyor side plate 6 through a bearing and is rigidly connected to the external drive component 9 (servo motor or geared motor) through a coupling to ensure that the seedlings are conveyed stably in a horizontal posture.

[0027] Furthermore, the sorting openings 12 on the conveyor seat 11 have progressively increasing lengths along the conveying direction (from the inlet to the outlet) (e.g., the first opening is 15cm long, and each subsequent opening increases by 3cm-10cm). They are laser-cut with rounded edges to prevent scratching the seedlings. The distance between adjacent sorting openings is 50-100cm (set according to the average length of the seedlings) to ensure that the seedlings completely pass through the previous sorting opening 12 before reaching the next one. When a horizontally conveyed seedling (stalk length L) passes through a sorting opening 12 (opening length L1), if L≤L1, the end of the stalk will fall naturally due to the imbalance of the center of gravity. If L>L1, the center of gravity of the seedling is located on the conveyor seat 11, allowing it to pass smoothly; thus realizing the grading logic of "shorter seedlings fall first, longer seedlings fall later".

[0028] Furthermore, the miniature vibrator 10 (electromagnetic vibration motor) is fixed to the bottom of the conveyor seat 11 by bolts, located at the rear edge of the sorting port 12 and the inlet end of the drop cover 14, with 1-2 vibrators corresponding to each sorting port 12. The vibrator frequency is set to 50-100Hz, and is started and stopped by a PLC at timed intervals (e.g., vibrating for 5 seconds every 5 seedlings sorted), which can effectively eliminate static friction between the seedlings and the edge of the sorting port 12, and avoid jamming caused by seedling surface hairs or moisture.

[0029] Furthermore, the drop cover 14 is a U-shaped stainless steel guide channel, coaxially aligned with the sorting port 12, with its width and length perfectly matching the sorting port 12 to ensure no deviation during seedling descent. The drop cover 14 is welded to the lower part of the conveyor seat 11 at a 15°-30° angle (the inlet end is higher than the outlet end), and its inner surface is coated with Teflon to reduce the coefficient of friction, guiding the seedlings to slide down the slope. The lower outlet size of each drop cover 14 is smaller than the corresponding inlet size of the collection box 5, and the outlet height is 10-15cm above the top surface of the collection box 5 to avoid impact damage to the seedlings.

[0030] Furthermore, the drop cover 14 has a "U"-shaped cross-section (opening upwards), with side baffles 5-8cm high to prevent seedlings from tipping over when they fall. The lower end of each drop cover 14 is precisely aligned with the collection box 5 below and fixed to the base 4 by a bracket. The side of the collection box 5 is marked with the corresponding seedling length specifications. Adjacent collection boxes 5 are spaced apart to facilitate manual handling or mechanical grabbing.

[0031] The working principle is as follows: First, the seedlings are manually inserted horizontally into the conveying channel of the sorting and conveying base 1, and the seedling stems extend naturally along the conveying direction. After the drive unit 9 is started, it drives one of the conveying rollers 7 to rotate through the coupling, which in turn drives the conveyor belt 8 that is mounted around the two conveying rollers 7 to move, conveying the seedlings forward along the "V"-shaped conveying channel of the conveyor seat 11. The closed channel formed by the conveyor belt 8 and the conveyor seat 11 can constrain the seedlings to maintain a horizontal posture and move forward stably.

[0032] Next, the seedlings are carried by the conveyor belt 8 through sorting openings 12 on the conveyor seat 11, which are of increasing length along the conveying direction. When the length L of the seedling stem is less than or equal to the opening length L1 of the current sorting opening 12, the seedling stem will cause the center of gravity to become unbalanced, and the seedling will fall naturally. If L is greater than L1, the center of gravity of the seedling will still be on the conveyor seat 11, and it can pass through the sorting opening 12 smoothly and continue to move forward until it encounters a sorting opening 12 of matching length and falls, thus realizing the orderly grading logic of "short seedlings fall first and long seedlings fall later".

[0033] As the seedlings fall, they pass through a drop cover 14, which is coaxial with the sorting opening 12. The Teflon coating on the inner wall and the angle of inclination guide the seedlings to slide down the slope, preventing them from tipping over or getting stuck. At the same time, a miniature vibrator 10 located at the rear edge of the sorting opening 12 and the entrance end of the drop cover 14 starts and stops at a preset frequency, eliminating static friction between the seedlings and the edge of the sorting opening 12 through micro-vibration, ensuring a smooth falling process.

[0034] Finally, the fallen seedlings fall precisely into the corresponding collection box 5 below through the lower outlet of the drop cover 14. The collection boxes 5 are arranged in order according to the length specifications of the sorting openings 12 for easy subsequent sorting. Unsorted oversized seedlings (stalk length greater than the length of all sorting openings 12) continue to the end of the conveyor channel and fall into the end collection box 5 (which can be set up separately), completing the entire sorting process.

[0035] Any technical solution that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects by utilizing the technical solution described in this utility model, or by designing a similar technical solution inspired by the technical solution described in this utility model, falls within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sorting device for planting seedlings, characterized in that, Including sorting conveying base (1), support leg (2), shock absorbing seat (3), base (4), collection box (5), conveying side plate (6), conveying roller (7), conveying belt (8), drive component (9) and micro vibrator (10), the two mirror image symmetry fixed installation of the support leg (2) on the sorting conveying base (1) is connected with the base (4) through the shock absorbing seat (3), and the side below the sorting conveying base (1) is provided with a plurality of collection boxes (5); the two conveying side plates (6) are mirror image symmetry installed on the sorting conveying base (1) through bolts, the conveying roller (7) is rotatably installed between the conveying side plate (6), the two conveying rollers (7) are equipped with conveying belt (8), and the conveying roller (7) is rotatably penetrated through one of the conveying side plate (6) at either end, and the output end of the drive component (9) fixedly installed outside the conveying side plate (6) is fixed; a plurality of micro vibrators (10) are installed on the sorting conveying base (1).

2. The sorting device for seedling planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting conveying base (1) includes conveying seat (11), sorting port (12), mounting hole group (13), falling cover (14) and reinforcing plate (15), the two ends of the conveying seat (11) are respectively fixedly installed with two mirror image symmetry arranged support legs (2), a plurality of sorting ports (12) are provided through the conveying seat (11), the outer surface is provided with mounting hole group (13), and the two mirror image symmetry conveying side plates (6) are fixedly installed on the conveying seat (11) through mounting hole group (13) and bolts; a plurality of falling covers (14) are fixedly installed below the conveying seat (11), and a plurality of reinforcing plates (15) are fixedly installed on the back of the falling cover (14).

3. A sorting device for use in the planting of nursery stock according to claim 2, characterised in that: The conveying seat (11) is a "concave” type structure, the conveying channel of the conveying seat (11) is a "V” type structure, the conveying seat (11) is located below the conveying belt (8), and the conveying belt (8) and the conveying channel of the conveying seat (11) jointly build a complete nursery stock conveying channel.

4. A sorting device for use in the planting of nursery stock according to claim 3, characterised in that: The length of the plurality of sorting ports (12) provided through the conveying seat (11) increases in turn, the lengths of the sorting ports (12) are not the same, the nursery stock is allowed to pass through the sorting port (12) not corresponding to its own length stably, and the nursery stock cannot pass through the sorting port (12) larger than its own length.

5. A sorting device for use in the planting of nursery stock according to claim 4, characterised in that: A plurality of micro vibrators (10) are fixedly installed below the conveying seat (11), and the micro vibrator (10) is arranged on one side of the sorting port (12) and the falling cover (14).

6. A sorting device for use in the planting of nursery stock according to claim 5, characterised in that: The falling cover (14) fixedly installed on the conveying seat (11) is correspondingly arranged with the sorting port (12), the nursery stock is allowed to fall onto the falling cover (14) through the sorting port (12), and the size of each falling cover (14) is not the same, and the size is matched with the size of the corresponding sorting port (12).

7. A sorting device for use in the planting of nursery stock according to claim 6, characterised in that: The falling cover (14) is fixedly installed below the conveying seat (11) and has a "N” type structure, and the lower end of each falling cover (14) is located above the corresponding collection box (5).

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