Steel structure trestle for complex terrain confined space and its rapid installation device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain and its rapid installation device, comprising multiple steel truss sections. Each steel truss section is assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel, and ∠70×6 angle steel to form the main frame. A 16# I-beam roof beam is installed at the top of the frame, and C100×50×20×2.5 C-shaped steel purlins are installed on the side walls. The exterior walls and roof are covered with rock wool sandwich panels. At least three steel truss sections are longer than 36m and include hoisting nodes symmetrically arranged at the main nodes of the upper chord of the trestle bridge. The technical advantages of this utility model are: Improved construction time: The installation time for a single trestle bridge is reduced from the traditional 2-3 days to 4 hours; Precision control: The RTK + infrared ranging system controls the center distance deviation of bolt holes within ±1mm; Cost savings: Crane operating costs are reduced by 30%, and labor costs are reduced by 25%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining engineering equipment technology, specifically to a steel structure trestle bridge and its rapid installation device suitable for fuel transportation systems in coal mines, coal-fired power plants, and other units, and is particularly suitable for the rapid assembly of steel truss structures in complex terrain and space-constrained environments. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional steel trestle bridges mostly use steel truss structures, with large component lengths (e.g., 36-38m) and heavy weights (30-33t). When hoisting them in complex terrain, the following problems arise:

[0003] 1. Unreasonable arrangement of lifting points: Traditional experience-based lifting point setting can easily lead to excessive deformation of the trestle during hoisting, requiring multiple adjustments to the lifting points, which is time-consuming and poses a risk of structural damage;

[0004] 2. Insufficient positioning accuracy: The misalignment error between the pre-embedded bolts and the bolt holes of the trestle is large (often reaching ±5mm), requiring repeated adjustments and affecting installation efficiency;

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a steel structure trestle system that integrates optimized lifting points, high-precision positioning, and safety protection. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain and its rapid installation device, so as to achieve the technical requirements of convenient and rapid installation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain, comprising multiple steel truss sections. Each steel truss section is assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel, and ∠70×6 angle steel to form a main frame. A 16# I-beam gable roof beam is installed at the top of the frame, and C100×50×20×2.5C-shaped steel purlins are installed on the side walls. The exterior walls and roof are covered with rock wool sandwich panels. At least three steel truss sections are longer than 36m and include hoisting nodes symmetrically arranged on the main nodes of the upper chord of the trestle bridge.

[0008] Furthermore, the main frame assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel and ∠70×6 angle steel is the main truss body, and the main truss body is provided with 16# I-beams spaced 2.5m apart in the vertical direction to form a vertical skeleton.

[0009] Furthermore, the hoisting node includes a two-point or three-point structure, with the distance between the two hoisting points being 0.4-0.6 times the span, and the distance between the three hoisting points being 0.25-0.35 times the span. Reinforcing steel plates and annular lifting lugs are provided at the hoisting points.

[0010] Furthermore, an adjustable support is provided at the connection between the steel truss section and the bracket. The support includes a pre-embedded bolt group, a connecting plate with elliptical bolt holes, and an anti-slip rubber pad at the bottom.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-embedded bolt group includes pre-embedded bolts and trestle mounting bolt holes, and the installation spacing error between the two is ≤1mm.

[0012] An installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge used in the above-mentioned complex terrain and confined space includes several symmetrical lifting point groups set at the main node of the upper chord of the trestle bridge, including an RTK positioning module fixed to the top of the crane boom, an infrared laser reflective target plate installed at the end of the trestle bridge, and an RTK base station set on the ground. The center of the infrared laser reflective target plate is arranged coaxially with the mounting bolt holes of the trestle bridge.

[0013] Furthermore, the lifting point assembly includes two adjustable-spacing lifting lugs, each with a thickness of not less than 16mm, and the diameter of the lifting lug holes matches the lifting slings.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting lug plate is connected to the upper chord of the truss via stiffening ribs. The stiffening ribs are triangular steel plates with a height of not less than 150mm and a weld height of not less than 8mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the infrared laser reflective target plate has a cross-shaped metal mesh structure with a mesh spacing of 10mm, magnetic fixing devices at the four corners, and a high reflectivity coating in the central area.

[0016] Furthermore, the RTK mobile station integrates a tilt sensor to monitor the installation angle deviation of the trestle in real time, with a tilt measurement range of ±15° and a resolution of 0.01°.

[0017] Technical effects of this utility model:

[0018] Improved construction time: Reduced the installation time of a single trestle bridge from the traditional 2-3 days to 4 hours;

[0019] Precision control: The RTK+infrared ranging system controls the center distance deviation of the screw holes to within ±1mm;

[0020] Cost savings: Reduce crane shift costs by 30% and labor costs by 25%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the plan of the trestle bridge;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second pier;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth pier;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the 7th pier;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of two lifting points at 0°;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of three suspension points at 0°.

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of two suspension points at 10.40°.

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a three-point suspension system at 10.40°.

[0029] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the steel truss section;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the trestle bridge;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension point structure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0036] Trestle bridges primarily provide support and enclosure structures for belt conveyors used in coal mines, coal-fired power plants, and other similar facilities to transport fuel. Domestically, trestle bridges generally employ steel truss structures, whose components are long and heavy. The installation progress directly impacts the installation and commissioning of equipment in the gangue, coal, and fuel supply systems; therefore, achieving rapid installation of trestle bridges is crucial for enterprises.

[0037] like Figures 1-11 As shown, this utility model discloses a steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain, comprising multiple steel truss sections 1, which are divided into multiple steel truss sections 2 to facilitate transportation and installation in confined spaces in complex terrain.

[0038] Each steel truss section is assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel and ∠70×6 angle steel to form the main frame. The top of the frame is equipped with 16# I-beam roof beams, and the side walls are equipped with C100×50×20×2.5C steel purlins. The exterior walls and roof are covered with rock wool sandwich panels.

[0039] like Figure 10 As shown, the trestle bridge has a clear width of 3.3m and a clear height of 3.19m. The trestle bridge is a portal steel frame structure, mainly assembled from angle steel of ∠160×12, ∠125×12, ∠100×10, and ∠70×6. The vertical frame is made of 16# I-beams 4 with a horizontal spacing of 2.5m. The roof beams are made of 16# I-beams 5 with a horizontal spacing of 2.7m. The side wall purlins are made of C100*50*20*2.5 C-shaped steel 7 with a spacing of 1.2m. The outer wall panels and roof panels are made of 100mm thick rock wool sandwich panels 6.

[0040] The material composition is as follows: the main chord is made of ∠160×12 angle steel (tensile strength ≥375MPa), the web members are made of ∠100×10 angle steel, the node plate thickness is 12mm, and the weld grade is Class I.

[0041] Spatial layout: The vertical frame uses 16# I-beams (section height 160mm), with a horizontal spacing of 2.5m, and a 2.7m gable roof beam at the top, forming a standard cross section of 3.3m×3.19m;

[0042] In this invention, at least three of the multiple steel truss sections exceed 36m in length and include hoisting nodes 3 symmetrically arranged on the main nodes of the upper chord of the trestle bridge. The main frame, assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel, and ∠70×6 angle steel, forms the truss body. The truss body is vertically framed with 16# I-beams spaced 2.5m apart.

[0043] For complex terrain and confined spaces, stable lifting, high precision, and minimal adjustments are required during the hoisting process. In this invention, the hoisting nodes include a two- or three-point structure. The distance between two hoisting points is 0.4-0.6 times the span, and the distance between three hoisting points is 0.25-0.35 times the span. Reinforcing steel plates and annular lifting lugs are installed at the hoisting points to ensure the stability and precision of the hoisting.

[0044] A numerical model of a single trestle bridge with the largest span (38.08m × 3.3m × 3.19m) was established. The finite element method Abaqus was used to analyze the stress on the trestle points and the deformation of the bridge when it was hoisted with two and three lifting points at angles of 0° and 10.40° to the horizontal. This analysis determined the spacing of the lifting points and the lifting force. The lifting points should be selected at the main nodes of the upper chord and symmetrically arranged to avoid bending deformation of the components at these points. A schematic diagram of two lifting points at 0° is shown below. Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the 0° three-point suspension diagram is as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the diagram, the two suspension points at 10.40° are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the diagram, the 10.40° three-point suspension point diagram is as follows: Figure 8 As shown.

[0045] The installation process of each trestle was simulated using BIM, and the location and number of crane supports were analyzed to determine the lifting position. During the installation process, RTK and infrared laser rangefinders were used for precise positioning, so that the error between the pre-embedded bolts and the bolt holes of the trestle was within 1mm.

[0046] Optimized suspension point structure:

[0047] Lifting point arrangement: For the 38.08m span trestle bridge, the distance between the two lifting points was determined to be 15.23m (0.4 times the span) through Abaqus finite element analysis, located at the 3rd and 7th nodes of the upper chord;

[0048] Reinforced structure: 20mm thick Q345B reinforcing steel plate (300×300mm) is welded at the lifting point; the ring-shaped lifting lug is forged from φ50mm 40Cr alloy steel, with a breaking force ≥150t;

[0049] Deformation control: The simulation showed a maximum deflection of 8.3 mm (< the standard limit of 10 mm), and a peak stress of 185 MPa (steel yield strength 345 MPa) at a hoisting angle of 10.40°.

[0050] To prevent the steel wire rope from being cut, thick rubber 8 is used to wrap the sharp corners of the lifting points. During hoisting, square timber 9 is placed on the outer side of the lower part of the upper chord of the truss. The square timber should extend 10mm from the node to both sides to prevent the truss from deforming.

[0051] Adjustable supports are installed at the connection between the steel truss section and the bracket. These supports include pre-embedded bolt sets, connecting plates with elliptical bolt holes, and anti-slip rubber pads at the bottom. The pre-embedded bolt sets consist of pre-embedded bolts and trestle installation bolt holes, with an installation spacing error of ≤1mm.

[0052] High-precision connection nodes:

[0053] Adjustable support: The bracket connection is equipped with an elongated bolt hole (diameter φ30mm, major axis 40mm), allowing for ±15mm horizontal adjustment; the bottom is equipped with a 50mm thick rubber pad (Shore hardness 60±5), with a compression deformation ≤3mm;

[0054] Pre-embedded positioning: The pre-embedded bolt group of the transfer station is positioned using a laser total station with a spacing error of ≤0.5mm. The gap between the bolt group and the bolt hole of the trestle is filled with epoxy resin micro-expansion grout.

[0055] An installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge used in the above-mentioned complex terrain and confined space includes several symmetrical lifting point groups set at the main node of the upper chord of the trestle bridge, including an RTK positioning module fixed to the top of the crane boom, an infrared laser reflective target plate installed at the end of the trestle bridge, and an RTK base station set on the ground. The center of the infrared laser reflective target plate is arranged coaxially with the mounting bolt holes of the trestle bridge.

[0056] This invention employs a precise hoisting and positioning system, thereby achieving advantages such as high installation accuracy and fewer adjustments during installation, making it suitable for application scenarios with complex terrain and limited space.

[0057] RTK positioning device:

[0058] Hardware configuration: A dual-frequency RTK module (horizontal accuracy ±5mm, elevation accuracy ±10mm) is installed at the top of the crane boom, forming a real-time differential system with the base station (Leica GS18);

[0059] Data fusion: The BIM model has preset installation coordinates (X,Y,Z) for the trestle. During hoisting, the RTK data is compared with the model in real time, and an audible and visual alarm is triggered when the deviation exceeds the limit.

[0060] Infrared laser positioning target plate:

[0061] Target plate structure: 304 stainless steel cross grid plate (grid line width 2mm, spacing 10mm), with a nano-level reflective coating sprayed in the central area (reflectivity ≥95%).

[0062] Installation method: It is attached to the web of the I-beam at the end of the trestle by a magnetic base (N52 neodymium iron boron magnet), and the error of the coincidence between the center cross line and the screw hole axis is ≤0.3mm.

[0063] The lifting point assembly includes two adjustable-spaced lifting lugs, each at least 16mm thick, with the lug hole diameter matching the lifting sling. The lugs are connected to the upper chord of the truss via stiffening ribs, which are triangular steel plates at least 150mm high with weld heights at least 8mm. The infrared laser reflective target is a cross-shaped metal mesh structure with a 10mm mesh spacing, magnetic fixing devices at the four corners, and a high-reflectivity coating in the center. The RTK rover station integrates a tilt sensor to monitor the trestle installation angle deviation in real time, with a tilt measurement range of ±15° and a resolution of 0.01°.

[0064] Example:

[0065] This utility model relates to a steel structure trestle for confined spaces in complex terrain, suitable for transporting gangue. Its horizontal projected length is approximately 237.01m. The trestle connects to structures including transfer station 1, three-axle support legs, support four, support three, support two, support one, tensioning chamber, and transfer station two, totaling seven trestle sections. A plan view is shown below. Figure 1 As shown in Table 1, the detailed parameters of each trestle bridge are as follows. According to construction requirements, the installation period should be controlled within 15 days.

[0066] Table 1 Detailed parameters of the trestle

[0067]

[0068] The project consists of seven trestle bridges, with the 2nd, 5th, and 7th bridges all exceeding 36 meters in length. Their installation locations are situated in complex terrain with numerous space constraints. The 2nd trestle bridge is 38.08 meters long, spanning roads, waterways, and internal gas pipelines, tree-lined areas, and parking lots. The 5th trestle bridge is located within a cornfield, with the access road (4.5 meters wide) adjacent to farmland on its north side, resulting in a 1.5-meter elevation difference. The 7th trestle bridge spans a cornfield, the access road, and gas pipelines, and is adjacent to the staff dormitory. The roads within the filling station area are 3.5 meters wide, and the edges of surrounding hills and ditches are 5.5 meters from the center of the support structure.

[0069] The second trestle bridge (38.08m) was hoisted:

[0070] Site preparation: Lay 20mm thick steel plates in the parking lot assembly area to eliminate the impact of ground settlement;

[0071] Lifting point setup: A two-point lifting scheme is adopted, with a spacing of 15.23m. The lifting lugs show no plastic deformation when loaded to 33t (1.1 times the safety factor).

[0072] Crane positioning: Two QUY260 crawler cranes are positioned at a 60° angle, with a main boom length of 42m, an operating radius of 12m, and an actual lifting capacity of 35.2t;

[0073] Positioning Implementation: After the RTK system guides the trestle into place, the laser target plate assists in fine-tuning, and the bolt connection with transfer station 1 is completed within 30 minutes;

[0074] Temporary support: Two sets of adjustable supports are arranged at the mid-span, with the height adjustable to -3.2m and the deviation ≤2mm.

[0075] Installation of the 5th trestle bridge (36.4m inclined section):

[0076] Terrain treatment: The slope of the cornfield is sloped at a ratio of 1:1.5, with a compaction degree of ≥93%;

[0077] Protective installation: Install the grating platform before hoisting. Each piece weighs ≤80kg and can be assembled by two people by hand.

[0078] Balance control: During the hoisting process, the sensor detects a 0.8° tilt, and the counterweight box automatically moves 1.2m to the left to correct the posture.

[0079] Installation of the 7th trestle bridge (38.08m):

[0080] The seventh trestle bridge spans the access road to the filling station (3.5m wide) and gas pipelines, and is adjacent to the staff dormitory (horizontal clearance 5.5m). The hoisting operation faces the following challenges:

[0081] Space constraints: The edge of the mountain and ditch is only 5.5m away from the center of the support, which limits the crane's turning radius;

[0082] Impact of road occupation: The assembly of the trestle bridge requires the use of the access road, and the time of road occupation needs to be reduced to within 8 hours;

[0083] Safety risks: The horizontal distance between the hoisting path and the windows of the staff dormitory is less than 10m, so it is necessary to prevent the components from swinging and colliding.

[0084] Segmented assembly and rapid transition:

[0085] Modular assembly: The trestle bridge is divided into 3 sections (12m+14m+12.08m), which are welded in sections on the access road. Each section is equipped with temporary traction lugs (load capacity 15t).

[0086] Hydraulic sliding positioning: Two 100t hydraulic jacks are used in conjunction with PTFE sliding plates to complete the three-section assembly within 2 hours, with a sliding friction coefficient ≤0.08.

[0087] Multi-sensor collaboration: UWB positioning tags (accuracy ±10cm) are installed at the crane hook and linked with the laser scanner on the exterior wall of the staff apartment to monitor the hoisting path in real time;

[0088] Dynamic limiting device: Electric dampers (response time <0.5s) are installed on both sides of the trestle. When the swing amplitude is >300mm, the brake is automatically triggered to limit the swing range.

[0089] This utility model discloses a steel structure trestle bridge and its rapid installation device for use in confined spaces with complex terrain. During the hoisting process, the arch height at the midpoint of the trestle bridge is controlled within +10mm. The deviation error of the bolt hole center distance is controlled within ±1mm. It saves approximately 7 days of construction time, ensuring on-time project completion; labor costs and crane operating costs during hoisting are reduced by 30%. This utility model, through structural optimization and synergy of the installation device, successfully solves the technical challenges of installing heavy-duty trestle bridges in narrow spaces. Its application in waste rock filling projects has shown significant results and has industry-wide promotion value.

Claims

1. A steel structure trestle bridge for use in confined spaces with complex terrain, characterized in that, It includes multiple steel truss sections, each of which is assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel and ∠70×6 angle steel to form the main frame. The top of the frame is equipped with 16# I-beam roof beams, and the side walls are equipped with C100×50×20×2.5C steel purlins. The exterior walls and roof are covered with rock wool sandwich panels. At least three of the steel truss sections are longer than 36m and include hoisting nodes symmetrically arranged on the main nodes of the upper chord of the trestle bridge.

2. The steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame, assembled from ∠160×12 angle steel, ∠125×12 angle steel, ∠100×10 angle steel and ∠70×6 angle steel, is the main truss body. The main truss body is equipped with 16# I-beams spaced 2.5m apart in the vertical direction to form a vertical skeleton.

3. The steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hoisting node includes a two-point or three-point structure. The distance between two hoisting points is 0.4-0.6 times the span, and the distance between three hoisting points is 0.25-0.35 times the span. Reinforcing steel plates and annular lifting lugs are installed at the hoisting points.

4. The steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustable support is provided at the connection between the steel truss section and the bracket. The support includes a pre-embedded bolt group, a connecting plate with elliptical bolt holes, and an anti-slip rubber pad at the bottom.

5. The steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pre-embedded bolt group includes pre-embedded bolts and trestle mounting bolt holes, and the installation spacing error between the two is ≤1mm.

6. An installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge in confined spaces with complex terrain, characterized in that, The installation device is used to install a steel structure trestle bridge for confined spaces in complex terrain as described in any one of claims 1-5. The installation device includes a number of symmetrical lifting point groups set at the main node of the upper chord of the trestle bridge, including an RTK positioning module fixed to the top of the crane boom, an infrared laser reflective target plate installed at the end of the trestle bridge, and an RTK base station set on the ground. The center of the infrared laser reflective target plate is arranged coaxially with the mounting bolt holes of the trestle bridge.

7. The installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge in confined spaces with complex terrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting point assembly includes two adjustable-spacing lifting lugs, each with a thickness of not less than 16mm, and the diameter of the lifting lug holes matches the lifting slings.

8. The installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge in confined spaces with complex terrain according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lug plate is connected to the upper chord of the truss by stiffening ribs. The stiffening ribs are triangular steel plates with a height of not less than 150mm and a weld height of not less than 8mm.

9. The installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge in confined spaces with complex terrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The infrared laser reflective target plate has a cross-shaped metal mesh structure with a mesh spacing of 10mm. Magnetic fixing devices are set at the four corners, and a high-reflectivity coating is applied to the central area.

10. The installation device for a steel structure trestle bridge in confined spaces with complex terrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The RTK mobile station integrates a tilt sensor to monitor the installation angle deviation of the trestle in real time, with a tilt measurement range of ±15° and a resolution of 0.01°.

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