Ventilation and air supplementing facilities for upper flat section of double-table-hole spillway tunnel
By horizontally arranging ventilation and air replenishment facilities above the double-hole spillway, and utilizing air inlets and vertical shafts to achieve simultaneous air replenishment for both spillways, the problem of insufficient air replenishment caused by single-hole arrangement is solved, reducing engineering costs and construction difficulty, and improving the operational safety and maintenance convenience of the spillway.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- POWER CHINA KUNMING ENG CORP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing aeration facilities for spillways are not suitable for single-hole arrangement in double-outlet spillways, resulting in insufficient aeration, poor flow pattern, and potential water flow impacting the top of the spillway, threatening flood discharge safety. In addition, the project is costly, difficult to construct, and inconvenient to maintain.
Design a ventilation and air supply facility for the upper horizontal section of a double-orifice spillway. It is arranged horizontally above the spillway and connected to the top of the spillway. Through the air inlet and the vertical shaft, the airflow enters the spillway vertically, supplying air to both spillways at the same time, reducing the number and length of the air supply tunnels.
It effectively reduces project costs, decreases construction difficulty, improves gas supply stability, reduces wind noise, simplifies post-construction maintenance, and adapts to adverse geological conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN224338196U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the design of spillway structures in water conservancy and hydropower projects, and in particular to a ventilation and air supply facility for the upper horizontal section of a double-outlet spillway that simultaneously supplies air to the top of the double-outlet spillway. Background Technology
[0002] Surface spillway tunnels are common hydraulic structures in water conservancy and hydropower projects, often located on the left and right banks of earth-rock dams. For surface spillways on large rivers, due to the large flow rate, double surface spillways are required to discharge excess floodwater.
[0003] Surface spillway designs often employ two configurations: "upper horizontal section + 'dragon head' + lower horizontal section" and "upper horizontal section + 'dragon tail' + lower horizontal section." In the 'dragon tail' configuration, the upper horizontal section is typically longer, primarily to control the flow velocity and flow pattern, accelerating the flow in the 'dragon tail' area. Although the flow velocity in the upper horizontal section is generally lower, the flow is frequently in an accelerated state, necessitating ventilation and aeration facilities. Without proper ventilation and aeration, insufficient aeration can lead to poor flow patterns and increased negative pressure within the tunnel. In severe cases, water flow may even impact the tunnel roof, causing alternating open and full flow, threatening the flood discharge safety of the surface spillway. Therefore, a certain number of ventilation and aeration facilities are required in the upper horizontal section of all surface spillways.
[0004] Traditional spillway ventilation and air supply facilities often adopt a single-tunnel layout, with one or more air supply tunnels dug at suitable locations on the mountain and connected to the top of the spillway or other waterless areas. The advantage of this layout is that it is simple, clear, and practical. The disadvantage is that when the tunnel is long, the number of air supply tunnels is large and the utilization rate is low, which significantly increases the cost of the project and is not conducive to later inspection and maintenance. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that existing spillway air supply systems can only be arranged in a single hole and are not suitable for double-hole spillways. It provides a ventilation and air supply system for the upper horizontal section of a double-hole spillway that can simultaneously supply air to the top of the double-hole spillway.
[0006] The present invention relates to a ventilation and air replenishment system for the upper horizontal section of a double-bore spillway, which is arranged behind the gate chamber of the double-bore spillway. The system is characterized by being horizontally arranged above the double-bore spillway and connected to the top of the spillway. The system includes an air inlet, an air replenishment tunnel body, and vertical shafts. The air replenishment tunnel body is horizontally arranged above the two spillways and located behind the gate chamber of the spillway. The front end of the air replenishment tunnel body is the air inlet, which connects to the external atmosphere. Several vertical shafts are located at the rear end of the air replenishment tunnel body, each shaft connecting to the top of one of the spillways.
[0007] The airflow from the outside atmosphere enters the air supply tunnel through the air inlet. At the vertical shaft location, it enters the spillway vertically through the top of the spillway. By passing through an air supply tunnel arranged above the double-surface spillway, air supply operations can be carried out for both spillways simultaneously. This reduces the difficulty of design and construction layout, reduces the number and length of air supply tunnels, and saves on engineering workload and cost investment.
[0008] This invention provides air supply to a double-surface spillway via a single air supply tunnel, effectively reducing the number and length of air supply tunnels and significantly lowering project costs. When a single spillway is in operation, the air supply shaft of the other spillway can also simultaneously supply air to that surface spillway, increasing the air supply channels during single-slot operation and reducing the risk of unstable air supply. It effectively reduces construction difficulty and is beneficial for construction layout design in areas with poor geological conditions, as well as for later operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a top view of the planar structure of this utility model.
[0010] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
[0011] Among them, there is a gate chamber 1, a spillway 2, a gas replenishment tunnel body 3, an air inlet 4, a vertical shaft 5, and a tunnel roof 6. Detailed Implementation
[0012] Example 1: A ventilation and air replenishment facility for the upper horizontal section of a double-outlet spillway is arranged behind the gate chamber of the double-outlet spillway. The air replenishment facility is arranged horizontally above the double-outlet spillway and connected to the top of the spillway. The air replenishment facility includes an air inlet, an air replenishment tunnel body, and vertical shafts. The air replenishment tunnel body is arranged horizontally above the two spillways and is located behind the gate chamber of the spillway. The front end of the air replenishment tunnel body is the air inlet, which is connected to the outside atmosphere. Several vertical shafts are set at the rear end of the air replenishment tunnel body, and each vertical shaft is connected to the top of one of the spillways.
[0013] The airflow from the outside atmosphere enters the air supply tunnel through the air inlet. At the vertical shaft location, it enters the spillway vertically through the top of the spillway. By passing through an air supply tunnel arranged above the double-surface spillway, air supply operations can be carried out for both spillways simultaneously. This reduces the difficulty of design and construction layout, reduces the number and length of air supply tunnels, and saves on engineering workload and cost investment.
[0014] Meanwhile, when the surface spillway is operating alone, the air supply shaft of another spillway can also serve as an air supply tunnel to supply air to the surface spillway, increasing the air supply channels when the spillway is operating alone. This helps to reduce the wind speed at the entrance of the air supply tunnel and reduce wind noise, which is beneficial to the environmental protection of the project.
Claims
1. A ventilation and air supply system for the upper horizontal section of a double-outlet spillway, arranged behind the gate chamber of the double-outlet spillway, characterized in that... The air replenishment facility is arranged horizontally above the double-outlet spillway and connected to the top of the spillway. The air replenishment facility includes an air inlet, an air replenishment tunnel body, and vertical shafts. The air replenishment tunnel body is arranged horizontally above the two spillways and is located behind the spillway gate chamber. The front end of the air replenishment tunnel body is the air inlet, which is connected to the outside atmosphere. Several vertical shafts are set at the rear end of the air replenishment tunnel body, and each vertical shaft is connected to the top of one of the spillways.