Downhole rib fall warning system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground slice help early warning system, include: data acquisition module (10), be configured to be used for gathering three -dimensional point cloud data of roadway, data processing module (20) include: deformation extraction unit (22), it is configured to be used for extracting the deformation information of rock mass or coal body from the point cloud data, early warning analysis module (30) include risk judgment unit (32), it is configured to compare the deformation information of rock mass or coal body of real -time acquisition and historical acquisition, and the abnormal change of rock mass or coal body is identified to set up the risk level of current, and according to risk level determines whether to send alarm signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of downhole safety monitoring, and in particular to an downhole slope collapse early warning system. Background Technology

[0002] Due to complex geological conditions, frequent mining activities, and the influence of natural factors, spalling is prone to occur on the walls of underground roadways, seriously threatening the lives of miners and the normal operation of equipment. Traditional spalling monitoring methods mainly rely on manual inspections or simple sensor monitoring, which suffer from problems such as strong subjectivity, low efficiency, limited coverage, and poor real-time performance.

[0003] While monitoring methods based on simple sensors have improved monitoring efficiency to some extent, they still have the following shortcomings: Limited accuracy: Traditional sensors (such as displacement sensors, strain gauges, etc.) can only monitor deformation at local points and cannot fully reflect the overall state of the tunnel wall; Poor adaptability: The underground environment is complex, and high dust, high humidity and explosive gases pose severe challenges to the performance and lifespan of sensors; Insufficient data processing capability: Traditional methods are difficult to process large amounts of monitoring data and cannot achieve efficient risk early warning.

[0004] In recent years, 3D laser scanning technology has been gradually applied to the field of mine safety monitoring. This technology, through high-precision 3D point cloud data, can comprehensively and quickly acquire geometric information of the tunnel wall, providing a new solution for slope monitoring. However, existing technologies still have the following problems: existing systems are mostly single-function devices, lacking integrated design for data processing, early warning analysis, and information transmission; existing systems typically only focus on deformation monitoring, lacking comprehensive analysis of tunnel environmental parameters (such as gas concentration, temperature, and humidity). Summary of the Invention

[0005] This solution addresses the problems and needs raised above by proposing a downhole slope fracture early warning system. Due to the adoption of the following technical features, it can achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and bring about several other technical benefits.

[0006] One objective of this utility model is to provide a downhole rock spalling early warning system, comprising:

[0007] The data acquisition module is configured to collect three-dimensional point cloud data of the tunnel.

[0008] The data processing module includes: a deformation extraction unit configured to extract deformation information of rock mass or coal mass from the point cloud data;

[0009] The early warning analysis module includes a risk assessment unit, which is configured to compare the deformation information of rock or coal bodies collected in real time and in history, identify abnormal changes in the rock or coal body, set the current risk level, and determine whether to issue an alarm signal based on the risk level.

[0010] In addition, the downhole spalling early warning system according to this utility model may also have the following technical features:

[0011] In one example of this utility model, the data acquisition module includes: a mining 3D laser scanner, which is installed on an underground mobile device and configured to record the distance and orientation information of each point on the roadway sidewall in real time by emitting a laser beam and receiving reflected signals, so as to form 3D point cloud data.

[0012] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a calibration module, which is coupled to the data acquisition module and configured to adjust the position of the data acquisition module according to the pose information of the data acquisition module.

[0013] In one example of this utility model, the calibration module includes an inertial measurement unit and an angle sensor. The calibration module adjusts the horizontal and vertical angles of the data acquisition module based on the attitude and position information of the data acquisition module collected in real time by the inertial measurement unit and the angle sensor.

[0014] In one example of this utility model, the data processing module further includes a cloud point filtering unit configured to remove environmental interference and invalid data points, and to clean up outlier point cloud data.

[0015] In one example of this utility model, the early warning analysis module further includes:

[0016] The threshold setting unit is configured to set different levels of deformation thresholds based on historical data, geological conditions, and engineering experience; wherein, the risk judgment unit identifies abnormal changes in rock and coal bodies and compares them with the deformation thresholds set by the threshold setting unit to determine the current risk level.

[0017] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a positioning module, which is coupled to the data processing module and configured to acquire the location information of the data processing module in real time via GPS or a downhole positioning system.

[0018] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a visualization interface module, which is coupled to the early warning analysis module through the communication module and configured to display point cloud data, deformation information and early warning information in real time.

[0019] In one example of this utility model, it further includes an alarm module, which is coupled to the early warning analysis module and configured to issue an alarm signal when the risk level reaches the alarm level.

[0020] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a power management module, including a power management unit and a battery for providing power to the power management unit, wherein the power management unit is configured to monitor the power supply status of the early warning system and provide power to the early warning system in the event of a power outage.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] This early warning system, equipped with a 3D laser scanner on an airborne platform, can flexibly and efficiently cover underground roadways for comprehensive monitoring. Through data processing and early warning analysis modules, it can monitor wall collapse risks with high precision and in real time. The integrated calibration, positioning, environmental monitoring, and power management modules further improve the system's practicality and reliability. Through the visualization interface and communication modules, it enables the rapid transmission and intuitive display of early warning information, facilitating timely action by operators.

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate an understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly described below. The drawings are merely illustrative of some embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of all embodiments of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole rock spalling early warning system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a battery management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0029] Early warning system 100;

[0030] Data acquisition module 10;

[0031] Data processing module 20;

[0032] Cloud point filtering unit 21;

[0033] Deformation extraction unit 22;

[0034] Data storage unit 23;

[0035] Early warning analysis module 30;

[0036] Threshold setting unit 31;

[0037] Risk assessment unit 32;

[0038] Calibration module 40;

[0039] Inertial measurement unit 41;

[0040] Angle sensor 42;

[0041] Positioning module 50;

[0042] Visual interface module 60;

[0043] Alarm module 70;

[0044] Communication module 80;

[0045] Power management module 90;

[0046] Power management unit 91;

[0047] Battery 92;

[0048] Environmental monitoring module 110. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same components. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, “an” or “a” and similar terms do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0051] According to the present invention, a downhole slope fracturing early warning system 100 is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0052] Data acquisition module 10 is configured to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the tunnel;

[0053] Data processing module 20 includes: deformation extraction unit 22, which is configured to extract deformation information of rock mass or coal body from the point cloud data;

[0054] The early warning analysis module 30 includes a risk judgment unit 32, which is configured to compare the deformation information of rock or coal bodies collected in real time and in history, identify abnormal changes in rock or coal bodies, set the current risk level, and determine whether to issue an alarm signal based on the risk level.

[0055] First, the data acquisition module 10 collects three-dimensional point cloud data of the roadway; then, the deformation extraction unit 22 in the data processing module 20 extracts the deformation information of the rock or coal body from the point cloud data; finally, the risk judgment unit 32 of the early warning analysis module 30 compares the deformation information of the rock or coal body collected in real time and in history, identifies abnormal changes in the rock or coal body, sets the current risk level, and determines whether to issue an alarm signal based on the risk level; by carrying the data acquisition module 10 on the airborne platform, it can flexibly and efficiently cover the underground roadway and achieve comprehensive monitoring; the early warning system integrates more than 100 modules in an intelligent early warning analysis, realizes real-time monitoring of roadway wall deformation and timely early warning of slope risk, and provides reliable protection for safe underground operations.

[0056] In one example of this utility model, the data acquisition module 10 includes: a mining three-dimensional laser scanner, which is installed on an underground mobile device and configured to record the distance and orientation information of each point on the roadway sidewall in real time by emitting a laser beam and receiving reflected signals, so as to form three-dimensional point cloud data;

[0057] The early warning system 100 utilizes an airborne platform equipped with a 3D laser scanner to achieve real-time monitoring of tunnel wall deformation through high-precision 3D laser scanning technology, providing a reliable guarantee for safe underground operations.

[0058] Preferably, the data acquisition module 10 is also provided with a dust cover to prevent dust from affecting the data acquisition of the data acquisition module 10, and at the same time to protect the data acquisition module 10.

[0059] Preferably, a shock-absorbing pad is also provided at the lower end of the data acquisition module 10 to prevent the data acquisition module 10 from vibrating and affecting its own safety and reliability, thereby improving the continuity and stability of data acquisition.

[0060] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a calibration module 40, which is coupled to the data acquisition module 10 and configured to adjust the position of the data acquisition module 10 according to the pose information of the data acquisition module 10;

[0061] For example, the calibration module 40 is an automatic calibration module 40, which works in conjunction with the data acquisition module 10. The calibration module 40 automatically fine-tunes the horizontal and vertical angles of the scanner based on the posture and position changes of the 3D laser scanner it acquires, and uses a calibration algorithm to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the scan data.

[0062] In one example of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the calibration module 40 includes an inertial measurement unit 41 and an angle sensor 42. The calibration module 40 adjusts the horizontal and vertical angles of the data acquisition module 10 based on the attitude and position information of the data acquisition module 10 collected in real time by the inertial measurement unit 41 and the angle sensor 42.

[0063] The data acquisition module 10 works in conjunction with the calibration module 40. The calibration module 40, through its built-in inertial measurement unit (IMU) and angle sensor, can monitor the attitude and position changes of the 3D laser scanner in real time, and automatically fine-tune the horizontal and vertical angles of the scanner using calibration algorithms to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the scan data. The IMU's tilt correction and coordinate transformation are mature technologies.

[0064] In one example of this utility model, the data processing module 20 further includes a cloud point filtering unit 21, configured to remove environmental interference and invalid data points, and clean up outlier point cloud data.

[0065] Specifically, the cloud point filtering unit 21 processes the raw point cloud data acquired by the 3D laser scanner in real time using a denoising algorithm. First, it removes environmental interference and invalid data points, and then uses a filtering algorithm (such as radius filtering or statistical outlier removal) to further clean up the point cloud data and retain valid environmental information.

[0066] In one example of this utility model, the data processing module 20 further includes a data storage unit 23, configured to compress and convert the processed data to facilitate subsequent analysis and storage.

[0067] In one example of this utility model, the early warning analysis module 30 further includes:

[0068] The threshold setting unit 31 is configured to set different levels of deformation thresholds based on historical data, geological conditions and engineering experience; wherein, the risk judgment unit 32 identifies abnormal changes in rock mass and coal body and compares them with the deformation thresholds set by the threshold setting unit 31 to determine the current risk level.

[0069] Based on historical data, geological conditions, and engineering experience, the threshold setting unit 31 sets different levels of deformation thresholds. When the deformation of the rock mass or coal body exceeds the preset threshold, the risk judgment unit 32 will immediately trigger an early warning signal.

[0070] In one example of this utility model, it further includes: a positioning module 50, which is coupled to the data processing module 20 and configured to acquire the location information of the data processing module 20 in real time via GPS or a downhole positioning system.

[0071] In other words, the positioning module 50 obtains the scanner's location information in real time through GPS or a downhole positioning system (such as UWB positioning technology), and associates it with the data processing module 20 to determine the scanner's specific location downhole.

[0072] In one example of this utility model, it also includes: a visualization interface module 60, which is coupled to the early warning analysis module 30 through a communication module 80, and is configured to display point cloud data, deformation information and early warning information in real time.

[0073] When the deformation of the rock or coal mass exceeds a preset threshold, the risk assessment unit 32 immediately triggers an early warning signal and transmits the risk level information to the communication module and the alarm device. The communication module uses wireless communication technology (such as Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, or a dedicated underground communication network) to transmit the early warning information to the visualization interface module 60. The visualization interface module 60 displays point cloud data, deformation analysis results, and early warning information in real time via a computer or mobile device at the ground monitoring center, facilitating user viewing and analysis.

[0074] In one example of this utility model, the communication module 80 is one or more of a WiFi module, a 4G module, and a 5G module.

[0075] In one example of this utility model, it also includes an alarm module 70, which is coupled to the early warning analysis module 30 and configured to issue an alarm signal when the risk level reaches the alarm level.

[0076] For example, the alarm device includes an LED light and a buzzer. When the early warning analysis module 30 analyzes that the current risk level has reached the alarm level, it sends an alarm signal to the alarm device. Upon receiving the alarm signal, the alarm device emits an audible and visual alarm signal using the LED light and buzzer to remind the underground workers.

[0077] In one example of this invention, an environmental monitoring module 110 is further included, coupled to the data processing module 20, and configured to monitor downhole environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and dust concentration. The environmental monitoring module 110 integrates multiple sensors to monitor downhole environmental parameters in real time, such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration (e.g., methane, carbon monoxide), and dust levels. This module collects environmental data through high-precision sensors and performs correlation analysis with the data processing module 20 to ensure the normal operation of the equipment in harsh environments.

[0078] In one example of this utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes: a power management module 90, including a power management unit 91 and a battery 92 that provides power to the power management unit 91. The power management unit 91 is configured to monitor the power supply status of the early warning system 100 and provide power to the early warning system 100 when the early warning system 100 is powered off.

[0079] The exemplary embodiments of the downhole rock spalling early warning system 100 proposed by this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and alterations can be made to the above specific embodiments without departing from the concept of this utility model, and various combinations can be made to the various technical features and structures proposed by this utility model without exceeding the protection scope of this utility model, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A downhole wall spalling early warning system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module (10) is configured to collect three-dimensional point cloud data of the tunnel; The data processing module (20) includes: a deformation extraction unit (22) configured to extract deformation information of rock mass or coal mass from the point cloud data; The early warning analysis module (30) includes a risk judgment unit (32), which is configured to compare the deformation information of rock or coal bodies collected in real time and in history, identify abnormal changes in rock or coal bodies, set the current risk level, and determine whether to issue an alarm signal based on the risk level. A calibration module (40) is coupled to a data acquisition module (10) and configured to adjust the position of the data acquisition module (10) based on the pose information of the data acquisition module (10). The calibration module (40) includes an inertial measurement unit (41) and an angle sensor (42). The calibration module (40) adjusts the horizontal and vertical angles of the data acquisition module (10) based on the attitude and position information of the data acquisition module (10) collected in real time by the inertial measurement unit (41) and the angle sensor (42).

2. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module (10) includes a mining three-dimensional laser scanner, which is installed on an underground mobile device and configured to record the distance and orientation information of each point on the roadway sidewall in real time by emitting a laser beam and receiving reflected signals, so as to form three-dimensional point cloud data.

3. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module (20) further includes a cloud point filtering unit (21), configured to remove environmental interference and invalid data points, and clean up outlier point cloud data.

4. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning analysis module (30) also includes: The threshold setting unit (31) is configured to set different levels of deformation thresholds based on historical data, geological conditions and engineering experience; wherein the risk judgment unit (32) identifies abnormal changes in rock mass and coal body and compares them with the deformation thresholds set by the threshold setting unit (31) to determine the current risk level.

5. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a positioning module (50), which is coupled to the data processing module (20) and configured to acquire the location information of the data processing module (20) in real time via GPS or a downhole positioning system.

6. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a visualization interface module (60), which is coupled to the early warning analysis module (30) via a communication module (80) and configured to display point cloud data, deformation information and early warning information in real time.

7. The downhole rock spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm module (70), which is coupled to the early warning analysis module (30) and configured to issue an alarm signal when the risk level reaches the alarm level.

8. The downhole wall spalling early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The power management module (90) includes a power management unit (91) and a battery (92) that provides power to the power management unit (91). The power management unit (91) is configured to monitor the power supply status of the early warning system and provide power to the early warning system in the event of a power outage.

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