Fire warning system and energy storage container

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire early warning system, including very early stage smoke detection device, multi sensor integrated device, infrared thermal imaging high definition camera and electric control device, very early stage smoke detection device includes air -suction type smoke detector and air sampling pipe network, air -suction type smoke detector built -in laser scattering detection unit, and through the air pump from air sampling pipe network continuous collection air sample, and air sampling pipe network is annular and is arranged on the top of energy storage container, multi sensor integrated device is installed in the battery pack inside, infrared thermal imaging high definition camera is used for identifying battery module surface temperature gradient anomaly, electric control device respectively with very early stage smoke detection device, multi sensor integrated device, infrared thermal imaging high definition camera electric connection, and with the backstage network connection, is used for according to multi sensor data fusion to establish the hierarchical early warning mechanism and sends to the backstage. The utility model technical scheme can promote the timeliness and accuracy of fire prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire early warning system technology, and in particular to a fire early warning system and an energy storage container. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage containers typically house lithium-ion batteries. Once these batteries experience thermal runaway, the fire spreads extremely rapidly, potentially spiraling out of control within minutes, making traditional smoke and heat detectors insufficiently responsive. Furthermore, battery fires release large amounts of toxic and flammable gases, such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane, placing high demands on detector sensitivity and potentially affecting accuracy. Outdoor energy storage containers may experience significant temperature fluctuations, high humidity, and dust accumulation, all of which can interfere with detector operation. For example, excessively high temperatures can lead to false alarms, and dust buildup can clog sensors, affecting detection performance. Additionally, energy storage systems are often installed in remote or unattended locations, making maintenance inconvenient. Detectors must be stable and reliable; otherwise, maintenance costs will be high. False alarms can cause unnecessary downtime, impacting system operation, while missed alarms have even more serious consequences, potentially triggering major accidents. Therefore, detectors need to accurately distinguish between real fires and interfering factors in complex environments. The densely packed batteries within energy storage containers and the internal structure creating blind spots often result in incomplete detector coverage and a higher risk of reignition. This necessitates earlier warning signals (such as gas leaks, abnormal temperatures, and continuous air sampling within the protected area) rather than relying solely on open flames or smoke detection. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a fire early warning system, which aims to improve the timeliness and accuracy of fire prevention and control.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a fire early warning system.

[0005] include:

[0006] The very early smoke detection device includes an aspirating smoke detector and an air sampling pipeline network. The aspirating smoke detector has a built-in laser scattering detection unit and continuously collects air samples from the air sampling pipeline network through an air pump. The air sampling pipeline network is arranged in a ring on the top of the energy storage container.

[0007] A multi-sensor integrated device is installed inside the battery pack, including a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, and a photoelectric smoke sensor;

[0008] An infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera is installed on the top of the container to identify abnormal temperature gradients on the surface of the battery module.

[0009] The electronic control device is electrically connected to the very early smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integration device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera, and is also connected to the backend via a network. It is used to establish a graded early warning mechanism based on the fusion of multi-sensor data and send it to the backend.

[0010] Optionally, the air sampling network is composed of PVC pipes or steel pipes and includes four air intake pipes, which are evenly distributed around the top of the container, with the air intake ports of the air intake pipes facing downwards to cover the interior space of the container.

[0011] Optionally, the multi-sensor integration device is provided with a plug-in interface for detachable installation inside the battery pack and supports live replacement.

[0012] Optionally, the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera integrates a digital image processing module. When the temperature difference on the surface of the battery module is detected to be greater than 15°C, it sends an abnormal signal to the electronic control device. In addition, the temperature difference threshold can be adjusted in real time through the software interface.

[0013] Optionally, the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera supports linkage with a visible light camera to improve the accuracy of thermal runaway positioning through dual-spectrum image fusion technology.

[0014] Optionally, the electronic control device is equipped with a primary trigger switch, a secondary trigger switch, and a tertiary trigger switch.

[0015] When the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the VOC or CO concentration exceeds the standard, the first-level trigger switch is triggered, the first-level trigger switch starts the exhaust system, and sends a first-level warning to the background.

[0016] When the very early smoke detection device detects that the smoke parameters exceed the standard, or when the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the temperature or gas concentration exceeds the standard, the secondary trigger switch is triggered, the secondary trigger switch activates the audible and visual alarm, shuts down the exhaust system, and activates the fire extinguishing device.

[0017] When the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera detects an abnormal temperature difference and confirms the ignition point, the three-level trigger switch is triggered, and the electronic control device sends the ignition point identified by the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera and the visible light camera to the background.

[0018] Optionally, the electronic control device can be connected to a remote management system via a relay or network interface, supporting the transmission of alarm information and real-time monitoring data to a third-party building management system.

[0019] Optionally, the filter of the very early smoke detection device is a replaceable dust filter assembly with a filtration accuracy of ≤10μm to prevent dust from clogging and affecting detection sensitivity.

[0020] An energy storage container includes a container body, a battery module, and a fire early warning system as described above. The aspirating smoke detector is installed in the container body, the air sampling pipeline and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera are located at the top of the container body, the multi-sensor integrated device is installed in the battery module, and the electronic control device is electrically connected to the very early smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integrated device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera.

[0021] This utility model's technical solution utilizes an aspirating smoke detector in an early-stage smoke detection device, combined with a ring-shaped air sampling network deployed at the top. This allows for early warning by capturing invisible smoke during the initial overheating and smoldering stages of a fire, using a laser scattering detection unit to reduce missed alarms. A multi-sensor integrated device, installed inside the battery pack, integrates various sensors to monitor parameters such as VOC, CO, temperature, and smoke in real time. Through multi-sensor data fusion algorithms, it accurately identifies fire hazards and reduces false alarms caused by environmental interference. An infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera positioning module, with its thermal imaging camera installed at the top center, uses digital image processing algorithms to identify the temperature gradient on the battery module surface. When the temperature difference exceeds 15°C, a positioning alarm is triggered, and it works in conjunction with a visible light camera to generate a coordinate-based thermal distribution image, solving the monitoring blind spot problem caused by densely packed batteries and accurately locating the thermal runaway point. The electronic control device establishes a graded early warning mechanism based on multi-sensor data fusion, enabling graded responses from gas anomalies to open flame stages, improving the timeliness and accuracy of fire prevention and control, and minimizing fire losses. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the fire early warning system of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the air sampling tube arrangement.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Aspirating smoke detector; 2. Multi-sensor integrated device; 3. Infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera; 4. Electronic control device; 11. Air sampling pipeline network; 12. Air sampling inlet.

[0026] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0029] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text is to include three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0030] This utility model proposes a fire early warning system.

[0031] In the embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the fire early warning system includes an early-stage smoke detection device, a multi-sensor integrated device, an infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera, and an electronic control device. The early-stage smoke detection device includes an aspirating smoke detector and an air sampling pipeline network. The aspirating smoke detector has a built-in laser scattering detection unit and continuously collects air samples from the air sampling pipeline network via an air pump. The air sampling pipeline network is arranged in a ring on the top of the energy storage container. The multi-sensor integrated device is installed inside the battery pack and includes a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, and a photoelectric smoke sensor. The infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera is installed on the top of the container and is used to identify abnormal temperature gradients on the surface of the battery modules. The electronic control device is electrically connected to the early-stage smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integrated device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera, and is also network-connected to the backend system. It is used to establish a graded early warning mechanism based on the fusion of multi-sensor data and send it to the backend system.

[0032] Specifically, the very early smoke detection device uses an air sampling pipeline network 11 arranged in a ring on the top of the energy storage container. An air pump continuously collects air samples and sends them to the aspirating smoke detector 1, which has a built-in laser scattering detection unit. The device detects early, invisible smoke by analyzing the scattered light from smoke particles, thus achieving very early warning. The multi-sensor integrated device 2 is installed inside the battery pack. It uses VOC sensors, CO sensors, temperature sensors, and photoelectric smoke sensors to monitor changes in parameters such as electrolyte gas, combustion characteristic gases, temperature, and smoke in real time. It uses a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm to determine fire hazards. The infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 is installed at the center of the top of the container to identify the temperature gradient on the surface of the battery modules. When the temperature difference is abnormal, it triggers a location alarm. The electronic control device 4 is electrically connected to each module. Based on the multi-sensor data fusion, it establishes a hierarchical early warning mechanism. According to the early warning signals of different levels, it activates corresponding response measures, such as activating the ventilation system, sound and light alarms, shutting down the ventilation and activating the fire extinguishing device, etc., to achieve multi-level and precise early warning and prevention of fires in the energy storage container.

[0033] This utility model's technical solution utilizes an aspirating smoke detector 1 in an early-stage smoke detection device, coupled with an air sampling network 11 arranged in a ring at the top. This allows for the capture of invisible smoke during the initial overheating and smoldering stages of a fire through a laser scattering detection unit, achieving early warning and reducing missed alarms. A multi-sensor integrated device 2, installed inside the battery pack, integrates multiple sensors to monitor parameters such as VOC, CO, temperature, and smoke within the battery pack in real time. Through multi-sensor data fusion algorithms, it accurately identifies fire hazards and reduces false alarms caused by environmental interference. An infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 is installed at the top center, triggering an alarm when there is an abnormal temperature difference. The electronic control device 4 establishes a graded early warning mechanism based on multi-sensor data fusion, achieving graded responses from gas anomalies to open flame stages, improving the timeliness and accuracy of fire prevention and control, and minimizing fire losses.

[0034] In some embodiments, the air sampling network 11 is composed of PVC pipes or steel pipes and includes four air intake pipes evenly distributed around the top of the container. The air intake ports of the air intake pipes face downwards to cover the interior space of the container. Specifically, PVC pipes are lightweight and corrosion-resistant. The air sampling network 11 uses PVC pipes or steel pipes as carriers, combining durability and environmental adaptability, making it suitable for indoor or high-humidity scenarios. Steel pipes, on the other hand, are high-strength and heat-resistant, suitable for harsh outdoor environments, ensuring long-term stable operation. The three-dimensional sampling structure with four air intake pipes evenly distributed around the top of the container breaks through the limitations of sampling in the central area of ​​a single ring network, extending the monitoring range to the corners and vertical space of the container, avoiding blind spots caused by the dense arrangement of battery packs. In addition, the number and layout of the air intake pipes can be adjusted according to the specific detection environment. The downward-facing design of the air intake ports accurately aligns with the rising path of the hot airflow above the battery pack, utilizing the natural rising characteristics of the hot smoke plume in the early stages of a fire to actively capture the very early invisible smoke particles migrating upwards. Compared with traditional horizontal or upward sampling methods, this can improve smoke absorption efficiency. This significantly improves the sensitivity and response speed of early smoke detection, providing more early warning time for fire prevention and control.

[0035] In some embodiments, the multi-sensor integrated device is provided with a plug-in interface for detachable installation inside the battery pack and supports live replacement. The plug-in interface is made of high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant material and is equipped with reverse connection protection terminals, supporting plug-and-play functionality. Its VOC alarm concentration threshold is ≥600ppm, CO alarm concentration threshold is 190±50ppm, temperature alarm threshold is 69~125℃, and smoke alarm concentration threshold is ≥0.15dB / m³. Specifically, the multi-sensor integrated device 2 adopts a pluggable modular design and supports live replacement, enabling rapid sensor maintenance and replacement during continuous operation of the energy storage system. Compared to traditional fixed structures, this reduces downtime and significantly improves system availability. Its VOC alarm concentration threshold is set at ≥600ppm, precisely matching the early characteristic gas concentration of lithium battery electrolyte decomposition, avoiding false triggering under normal operating conditions. The CO alarm threshold of 190±50ppm takes into account both the background concentration fluctuations of electrochemical reactions within the battery pack and the gas release characteristics of the smoldering stage, achieving accurate capture of early combustion characteristic gases. The temperature alarm threshold covers a wide range of 69~125℃, adapting to the overheating warning needs of different types of batteries, and achieving graded monitoring of the thermal runaway process through segmented thresholds. The smoke alarm concentration threshold ≥0.15dB / m corresponds to the very early invisible smoke stage detected by laser scattering. Combined with a multi-parameter fusion algorithm, it can simultaneously capture abnormal changes in gas, temperature, and smoke during the initial fire stage, reducing the false alarm rate and improving warning accuracy compared to single-parameter detection. In addition, the specific VOC alarm concentration threshold, CO alarm concentration threshold, temperature alarm threshold, and temperature alarm threshold can be adjusted according to the specific detection environment.

[0036] It is worth noting that the multi-sensor integrated device used in this embodiment can be purchased directly from the market. The multi-sensor integrated device is the "Carbon Monoxide and Temperature Sensing Composite Fire Detection Device" sold by "Anhui Xinhe Defense Equipment Technology Co., Ltd.", model "DCFH-Y". Its VOC gas alarm concentration is ≥600ppm (adjustable), CO alarm concentration threshold is 190±50ppm (adjustable), smoke alarm concentration threshold is ≥0.15dB / m (adjustable), and temperature monitoring range is -40~+125℃.

[0037] In some embodiments, the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera integrates a digital image processing module. When a temperature difference >15°C is detected on the surface of the battery module, an abnormal signal is sent to the electronic control device. Furthermore, the temperature difference threshold can be adjusted in real time via a software interface. Specifically, the integrated digital image processing module enables dynamic adaptation and precise control of the monitoring strategy: on the one hand, the built-in image processing module can efficiently analyze thermal imaging data in real time and dynamically generate a thermal gradient map based on the surface temperature distribution of the battery module. Compared to an external processing unit, this shortens the signal response time and ensures millisecond-level identification of abnormal temperature differences. On the other hand, real-time adjustment of the temperature difference threshold via the software interface can adapt to differences in thermal runaway characteristics of different types of batteries, fluctuations in temperature and humidity in the container environment, or changes in internal resistance caused by battery aging, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms under complex operating conditions with a fixed threshold.

[0038] In some embodiments, the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 supports linkage with a visible light camera to improve the accuracy of thermal runaway location through dual-spectral image fusion technology. Specifically, the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 and the visible light camera are linked through dual-spectral image fusion technology, which can improve the accuracy of thermal runaway location. Compared with single thermal imaging monitoring, it can improve the location accuracy. On the one hand, the data from the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 provides the temperature field distribution of the battery module, while the visible light image provides spatial coordinates and equipment contour information. Through pixel-level image registration algorithms, the temperature anomaly points are accurately mapped to physical locations, which can solve the pain point of traditional thermal imaging's visualization of high-temperature areas but unclear equipment correspondence. On the other hand, dual-spectral fusion can effectively filter out environmental interference. When thermal imaging misjudgments are caused by condensation on the top of the container, equipment reflections, etc., the visible light image can assist in verification through texture features, which can reduce the false alarm rate.

[0039] In some embodiments, the electronic control device is equipped with a primary trigger switch, a secondary trigger switch, and a tertiary trigger switch. When the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the VOC or CO concentration exceeds the standard, the primary trigger switch is triggered, the primary trigger switch starts the exhaust system, and sends a primary warning to the background. When the very early smoke detection device detects that the smoke parameters exceed the standard, and when the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the temperature or gas concentration exceeds the standard, the secondary trigger switch is triggered, the secondary trigger switch starts an audible and visual alarm, shuts down the exhaust system, and starts the fire extinguishing device. When the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera detects an abnormal temperature difference and confirms the ignition point, the tertiary trigger switch is triggered, and the electronic control device sends the ignition point identified by the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera and the visible light camera to the background.

[0040] Specifically, the graded early warning mechanism of the electronic control device 4 constructs a gradient response system through a three-level progressive strategy: initial judgment of gas anomalies, confirmation through multi-parameter fusion, and precise location of thermal runaway. The first-level early warning uses excessive VOC / CO concentration as the trigger condition, activating the exhaust system to dilute harmful gases in the early stages of battery thermal runaway and simultaneously sending a notification to the backend, buying time for manual inspections and controlling early-stage hazards. The second-level early warning integrates signals from excessive smoke, temperature, and gas parameters, using a combination of shutting down the exhaust and activating the fire suppression system. This avoids exacerbating the fire spread through ventilation while triggering automatic fire suppression, shortening the response time compared to traditional single smoke alarms and resolving the contradiction between false activation and delayed response. The third-level early warning relies on the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera 3 for temperature difference monitoring and ignition point confirmation, achieving millimeter-level precision real-time monitoring of the abnormal module and its surroundings. The coordinate-based thermal distribution image transmitted simultaneously to the backend can assist in remote decision-making (such as cutting off power to the abnormal module and planning fire-fighting routes), upgrading fire response from passive response to proactive prevention. This significantly enhances the intelligence and economy of fire prevention and control for energy storage containers.

[0041] In some embodiments, the electronic control device connects to the remote management system via a relay or network interface, supporting the transmission of alarm information and real-time monitoring data to a third-party building management system. Specifically, the bidirectional connection design between the electronic control device and the remote management system via a relay or network interface enables seamless integration of the energy storage container monitoring system and the third-party building management system, forming a three-dimensional management architecture with local intelligence and cloud collaboration. On the one hand, the relay interface supports dry contact signal output (such as switch alarms) and can be directly connected to the DI / DO module of traditional building control systems, compatible with the hardware interface requirements of older systems. The network interface provides a standardized data interface for the new building management system, enabling the synchronous transmission of parameters such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and thermal imaging data, thus solving the protocol barriers between different systems. On the other hand, the cross-system sharing of alarm information and real-time monitoring data integrates the safety status of energy storage containers into the overall building security system. When a Level 3 alarm is triggered, the data can be synchronized to the building's fire control center, triggering emergency lighting, evacuation route guidance, and pre-starting of fire pumps, shortening the emergency response chain compared to independent monitoring systems. Historical data stored in the building management system's database can be combined with data from subsystems such as air conditioning and power for joint analysis, providing big data support for optimizing the operation and maintenance strategies of the energy storage system. This design reduces monitoring blind spots for energy storage containers while lowering system integration costs, meeting the intelligent needs of unified system management and cross-device collaborative scheduling in smart parks, data centers, and other scenarios. It is particularly suitable for commercial building scenarios that require compliance with the GB50116 fire linkage standard.

[0042] In some embodiments, the filter of the very early smoke detection device is a replaceable dust filter assembly with a filtration accuracy of ≤10μm to prevent dust blockage from affecting detection sensitivity. Specifically, the very early smoke detection device uses a replaceable dust filter assembly with a filtration accuracy of ≤10μm, which can effectively intercept dust particles ≥10μm in the air, preventing them from clogging the air inlet of the air sampling pipe network 11 and the laser scattering cavity inside the detector, improving the effective throughput of smoke particles, and ensuring that the dust concentration is ≤100mg / m³. 3 It maintains detection sensitivity in industrial environments; the replaceable design supports quick filter replacement while powered on, and the filter clogging warning of the electronic control device 4 can reduce the risk of detection failure caused by dust accumulation, and reduce maintenance costs compared with traditional fixed filter structures.

[0043] An energy storage container includes a container body, a battery module, and a fire early warning system. The aspirating smoke detector is installed in the container body. An air sampling pipeline and an infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera are located at the top of the container body. A multi-sensor integrated device is installed in the battery module. An electronic control device is electrically connected to the early smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integrated device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera. The specific structure of this fire early warning system is as described in the above embodiments. Since this energy storage container adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0044] Specifically, the energy storage container integrates a multi-layered fire early warning system, achieving precise monitoring and efficient response to all stages of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway: An early-stage smoke detection device, using a top-mounted annular air sampling network 11 and laser scattering technology, can capture minute anomalies in the invisible smoke stage; a multi-sensor integrated device 2, embedded inside the battery pack, effectively distinguishes between normal operating conditions and gas release in the early stages of thermal runaway through multi-sensor fusion analysis of VOC, CO, temperature, and smoke, reducing false alarms caused by environmental interference; an infrared thermal imaging positioning module, combining temperature difference analysis and visible light linkage, overcomes the obstruction limitations of dense battery modules and accurately locates the heat source; and an electronic control device 4 establishes a graded early warning mechanism based on multi-source data, forming a progressive response chain of early warning, suppression, and fire extinguishing. This solution significantly reduces detection blind spots, decreases false alarm rates, improves response time, and significantly enhances the fire prevention and control capabilities and operational safety of the energy storage container.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fire early warning system for an energy storage container, characterized in that, include: The very early smoke detection device includes an aspirating smoke detector and an air sampling pipeline network. The aspirating smoke detector has a built-in laser scattering detection unit and continuously collects air samples from the air sampling pipeline network through an air pump. The air sampling pipeline network is arranged in a ring on the top of the energy storage container. A multi-sensor integrated device is installed inside the battery pack, including a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, and a photoelectric smoke sensor; A high-definition infrared thermal imaging camera is installed on the top of the container to identify abnormal temperature gradients on the surface of the battery module. The electronic control device is electrically connected to the very early smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integration device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera, and is also connected to the backend via a network. It is used to establish a graded early warning mechanism based on the fusion of multi-sensor data and send it to the backend.

2. The fire early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air sampling pipeline network is composed of PVC pipes or steel pipes and includes four air intake pipes, which are evenly distributed around the top of the container. The air intake ports of the air intake pipes face downwards to cover the interior space of the container.

3. The fire early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-sensor integrated device is equipped with a plug-in interface for detachable installation inside the battery pack and supports live replacement.

4. The fire early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera integrates a digital image processing module. When the temperature difference on the surface of the battery module is detected to be greater than 15°C, it sends an abnormal signal to the electronic control device. In addition, the temperature difference threshold can be adjusted in real time through the software interface.

5. The fire early warning system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera supports linkage with a visible light camera, and improves the accuracy of thermal runaway positioning through dual-spectrum image fusion technology.

6. The fire early warning system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The electronic control device is equipped with a primary trigger switch, a secondary trigger switch, and a tertiary trigger switch. When the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the VOC or CO concentration exceeds the standard, the first-level trigger switch is triggered, the first-level trigger switch starts the exhaust system, and sends a first-level warning to the background. When the very early smoke detection device detects that the smoke parameters exceed the standard, or when the multi-sensor integrated device detects that the temperature or gas concentration exceeds the standard, the secondary trigger switch is triggered, the secondary trigger switch activates the audible and visual alarm, shuts down the exhaust system, and activates the fire extinguishing device. When the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera detects an abnormal temperature difference and confirms the ignition point, the three-level trigger switch is triggered, and the electronic control device sends the ignition point identified by the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera and the visible light camera to the background.

7. The fire early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical control device connects to the remote management system via a relay or network interface, supporting the transmission of alarm information and real-time monitoring data to a third-party building management system.

8. The fire early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter of the very early smoke detection device is a replaceable dust filter component with a filtration accuracy of ≤10μm to prevent dust from clogging and affecting detection sensitivity.

9. An energy storage container, characterized in that, The system includes a housing, a battery module, and a fire early warning system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The aspirating smoke detector is installed in the housing, the air sampling pipeline and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera are located at the top of the housing, the multi-sensor integrated device is installed in the battery module, and the electronic control device is electrically connected to the very early smoke detection device, the multi-sensor integrated device, and the infrared thermal imaging high-definition camera.

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