Electrode drive circuit and apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of electrode drive circuit and equipment, wherein, electrode drive circuit includes first electrode group, second electrode group, voltage amplitude modulation circuit, pulse width modulation circuit, electrode recombination circuit and main control circuit. The electrode array is reconstructed dynamically and combined switching under the cooperative control of main control circuit by being provided with electrode recombination circuit, the quantity, contact area and combined form of electrode tip are adjusted in real time based on different nursing needs in the application, the distribution characteristics of electric field and energy transmission path acting on skin are provided with adjustability by changing electrode arrangement mode and impedance matching relationship in current loop. The differentiated somatosensory level produced can adapt to the sensitivity and operation preference of various users, significantly widen the crowd application range of equipment, while reduce the adaptation threshold of initial user, provide multi-grade adjustable experience mode, realize flexible configuration of personalized nursing strategy on the basis of ensuring safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of beauty instrument technology, and in particular to an electrode driving circuit and device. Background Technology

[0002] EMS microcurrent uses low-frequency pulsed current to simulate human nerve electrical signals, triggering muscle contraction and promoting metabolism; high-frequency alternating current emits electromagnetic waves through the electrode head to the skin tissue, and the heat energy causes collagen contraction, resulting in an immediate skin tightening effect. Currently, most beauty instruments on the market use two or more electrode heads, and the electrode head circuit switches the current circuit according to a preset fixed mode to achieve EMS microcurrent stimulation and radio frequency heating functions.

[0003] However, the fixed number and size of the electrode heads limit the application scenarios and user experience. If the number of electrode heads and the contact area have a fixed geometric relationship, skin impedance cannot be dynamically matched. This impedance mismatch, especially in high-frequency radio frequency applications, results in high energy reflectivity and reduced effective output power. Furthermore, with a fixed electrode configuration, the current density distribution follows a fixed pattern. When treating sensitive areas, the microcurrent can easily cause localized stinging sensations, thus affecting the user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to propose an electrode driving circuit and device, which aims to solve the technical problems of impedance mismatch and limited sensory experience caused by the fixed electrode configuration in traditional beauty instruments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes an electrode driving circuit, comprising:

[0006] The first electrode group and the second electrode group are used for contact with the skin;

[0007] The voltage amplitude modulation circuit raises the input power supply voltage to the target voltage;

[0008] A pulse width modulation circuit, with its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit, is used to modulate the target voltage into a pulse signal.

[0009] An electrode recombination circuit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit, and its output terminal connected to the first electrode group and the second electrode group respectively, for controlling the electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group to be connected to the pulse width modulation circuit.

[0010] The main control circuit is connected to the controlled terminals of the pulse width modulation circuit and the electrode reconstruction circuit, respectively. In response to the user's operation command, it generates a corresponding pulse width control signal and outputs it to the pulse width modulation circuit to control the pulse width modulation circuit to output a corresponding pulse signal. It also generates an electrode switching signal and outputs it to the electrode reconstruction circuit to control the electrode reconstruction circuit to connect the pulse width modulation circuit with the electrodes specified by the operation command in the first electrode group and the second electrode group, so as to transmit the pulse signal to the skin through the electrodes and form a closed loop.

[0011] In one embodiment, the pulse width modulation circuit includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal. The first connection terminal is connected to the first electrode group through the electrode recombination circuit, and the second connection terminal is connected to the second electrode group through the electrode recombination circuit. When the first electrode group and the second electrode group come into contact with the skin, the pulse width modulation circuit, the first electrode group, and the second electrode group form a closed loop through the skin.

[0012] In one embodiment, the electrode recombination circuit includes:

[0013] The first relay group, wherein the input terminal of each relay in the first relay group is connected to the first connection terminal, and the output terminal of each relay is connected to one electrode in the first electrode group;

[0014] The second relay group, wherein the input terminal of each relay in the second relay group is connected to the second connection terminal, and the output terminal of each relay is connected to one electrode in the second electrode group;

[0015] Multiple switching transistors are used, and the controlled terminal of each relay is connected to the main control circuit through a different switching transistor. The switching transistors are used to drive the first relay group and the second relay group to work according to the control signal output by the main control circuit.

[0016] In one embodiment, both the first electrode group and the second electrode group include three electrodes.

[0017] In one embodiment, the pulse width modulation circuit includes:

[0018] Multiple transistors have their input terminals connected to the output terminals of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit, their output terminals connected to the input terminals of the electrode recombination circuit, and their controlled terminals connected to the main control circuit.

[0019] The main control circuit is also used to control the multiple transistors to turn on / off, so as to generate pulse signals with different waveforms.

[0020] In one embodiment, the voltage amplitude modulation circuit includes:

[0021] A boost circuit is used to boost the input power supply voltage to the target voltage.

[0022] The low-pass filter circuit has its input terminal connected to the main control circuit and its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the boost circuit. It is used to convert the control signal output by the main control circuit into a DC control voltage and output it to the boost circuit to adjust the voltage value output by the boost circuit.

[0023] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0024] The voltage amplitude feedback circuit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit and its output terminal connected to the feedback input terminal of the main control circuit. It is used to collect the power supply signal of the target voltage and generate a feedback signal to output to the main control circuit.

[0025] The main control circuit is also used to receive and control the voltage amplitude modulation circuit to dynamically adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the feedback signal output by the voltage amplitude feedback circuit.

[0026] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a device including a housing and an electrode driving circuit as described above, the electrode driving circuit being disposed within the housing.

[0027] In one device embodiment, the electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group are arranged in a square or ring shape on the housing.

[0028] In one embodiment of the device, the first electrode group includes: electrode B, electrode C and electrode D; the second electrode group includes: electrode A, electrode B1 and electrode C1, wherein electrode plates B and B1 are connected to each other, and electrode plates C and C1 are connected to each other.

[0029] This application, through the setting of an electrode reconfiguration circuit, achieves dynamic reconstruction and combination switching of the electrode array under the coordinated control of the main control circuit. Based on different nursing needs, this application adjusts the number, contact area, and combination shape of the electrode heads in real time. By changing the electrode arrangement and impedance matching relationship in the current loop, the electric field distribution characteristics and energy conduction path acting on the skin become adjustable. The resulting differentiated sensory experience can adapt to diverse user sensitivities and operating preferences, significantly broadening the applicable user range of the device, while lowering the adaptation threshold for first-time users. It provides multiple adjustable experience modes, enabling flexible configuration of personalized nursing strategies while ensuring safety. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an electrode driving circuit according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a voltage amplitude modulation circuit diagram of an electrode driving circuit according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a pulse width modulation circuit diagram of an electrode driving circuit according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of an electrode reconfiguration circuit for an electrode driving circuit according to the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals: Voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, pulse width modulation circuit 02, electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, main control circuit 04.

[0036] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0039] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0040] This application proposes an electrode driving circuit, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0041] The first electrode group and the second electrode group are used for contact with the skin;

[0042] Voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 boosts the input power supply voltage to the target voltage;

[0043] The pulse width modulation circuit 02 has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, and is used to modulate the target voltage into a pulse signal.

[0044] Electrode recombination circuit 03 has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit 02, and its output terminal connected to the first electrode group and the second electrode group respectively, for controlling the electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group to be connected to the pulse width modulation circuit 02.

[0045] The main control circuit 04 is connected to the controlled terminals of the pulse width modulation circuit 02 and the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, respectively. In response to the user's operation command, it generates a corresponding pulse width control signal and outputs it to the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to control the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to output a corresponding pulse signal. It also generates an electrode switching signal and outputs it to the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 to control the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 to connect the pulse width modulation circuit 02 with the electrodes specified by the operation command in the first electrode group and the second electrode group, so as to transmit the pulse signal to the skin through the electrodes and form a closed loop.

[0046] Specifically, the core functional modules of traditional beauty devices rely on the structural design and electrical characteristics of the electrode system. Structurally, the electrode heads are typically made of conductive metal (such as stainless steel or gold-plated copper) to form circular or rectangular contacts, creating a closed circuit with the skin through physical contact. Their configuration is often a symmetrical bipolar or quadrupole layout, with parameters such as electrode spacing and contact area fixed according to a preset geometric model. This structure determines the spatial distribution characteristics of the current loop: in EMS microcurrent mode, the current is conducted along the shortest path between the two electrodes, stimulating neuromuscular tissue.

[0047] However, current mainstream beauty devices generally face three core problems: energy loss caused by impedance mismatch, discomfort caused by uneven current density distribution, and the limited adaptability to various scenarios due to the fixed electrode layout. In radio frequency (RF) mode, skin impedance is composed of the resistance of the stratum corneum and the capacitive reactance of the dermis. When the electrode size and contact area are fixed, the RF energy output by the device is inversely proportional to the impedance. In actual use, the thickness of the stratum corneum (affecting the resistance value of the stratum corneum) and the water content of subcutaneous tissue (affecting the capacitive reactance value of the dermis) vary significantly in different areas of the user's face. For example, the stratum corneum is thinner in the cheekbone area and thicker in the nasal alar area. Fixed electrode systems cannot dynamically adjust the contact area or layout, resulting in impedance matching only being optimal at specific anatomical locations. When the device operates at high frequencies, the capacitive reactance component drops sharply, and the total impedance is mainly dominated by the epidermal resistance. If the contact area is too small (e.g., a dot electrode), the local current density is too high, easily causing a burning sensation; conversely, while a large electrode area can reduce the current density, it weakens the penetration depth of the RF field. Traditional bipolar electrodes have a linear current distribution. In EMS mode, the microcurrent is concentrated along the electrode connection line to penetrate the muscle layer. This unidirectional field distribution has two problems: when the electrode covers areas with dense nerve endings, such as around the eyes or lips, a fixed current path may cause the local current density to exceed the perception threshold, resulting in a stinging sensation; facial muscle fibers have complex orientations (such as the frontalis muscle's vertical distribution and the orbicularis oris muscle's circular distribution), and a fixed current direction makes it difficult to achieve synergistic activation of multi-directional muscle groups, affecting the nursing effect.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes an electrode driving circuit, comprising a first electrode group, a second electrode group, a voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, a pulse width modulation circuit 02, an electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, and a main control circuit 04. The electrode driving circuit proposed in this application achieves dynamic adaptation of pulse width modulation and electrode topology through modular design, effectively solving problems such as energy loss, discomfort, and insufficient adaptability to various scenarios caused by fixed electrode configurations in traditional beauty devices. This circuit system consists of a collaborative working system comprised of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, the pulse width modulation circuit 02, the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, and the main control circuit 04: the first electrode group and the second electrode group serve as the physical interface to establish an electrical connection between the instrument and the skin. The voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 boosts the input power supply to the target voltage, providing an adjustable DC power supply foundation for subsequent circuits.

[0049] The pulse width modulation circuit 02, with its input connected to the output of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, modulates the target voltage into a pulse signal. It receives boosted DC power and converts it into pulse signals with specific frequencies and duty cycles—generating low-frequency electromyographic stimulation waveforms of different EMS microcurrents by adjusting the pulse width and repetition frequency. This control capability allows for the generation of various complex waveforms, including but not limited to sine waves, square waves, and triangular waves, further enriching the forms and effects of electrical stimulation. The electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, with its input connected to the output of the pulse width modulation circuit 02 and its output connected to the first electrode group and the second electrode group respectively, controls the connection between the electrodes in the first and second electrode groups and the pulse width modulation circuit 02. As a core innovative module, it incorporates a multi-channel controllable switch array, dynamically constructing conduction paths between electrodes under the instructions of the main control circuit 04. It supports real-time reconfiguration of the number of electrodes, combination methods, and current loops, thereby improving the system's flexibility and adaptability. The main control circuit 04, as the system's intelligent hub, integrates user command parsing, pattern matching algorithms, and security monitoring functions. When a user selects a care mode, the main control circuit 04 simultaneously executes dual-path control: on one hand, it sends a pulse width control signal to the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to set the amplitude, frequency, and waveform type of the pulse waveform; on the other hand, based on a preset electrode configuration strategy, it generates an electrode switching signal to drive the reconfiguration circuit to switch the conduction path. During this process, the system dynamically adjusts the output voltage and electrode combination by monitoring the electrode-skin contact impedance in real time, ensuring that the circuit is always in an impedance-matched state. The area and impedance of the contact with the skin change, resulting in a richer and more diverse sensory experience, expanding the range of applicable users, especially first-time users who can choose a suitable mode to experience.

[0050] This application, through the setting of an electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, achieves dynamic reconstruction and combination switching of the electrode array under the coordinated control of the main control circuit 04. Based on different care needs, this application adjusts the number, contact area, and combination shape of the electrode heads in real time. By changing the electrode arrangement and impedance matching relationship in the current loop, the electric field distribution characteristics and energy conduction path acting on the skin become adjustable. The resulting differentiated sensory experience can adapt to diverse user sensitivities and operating preferences, significantly broadening the applicable user range of the beauty device, while lowering the adaptation threshold for first-time users. It provides multiple adjustable experience modes, enabling flexible configuration of personalized care strategies while ensuring safety.

[0051] In one embodiment, the pulse width modulation circuit includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal. The first connection terminal is connected to the first electrode group via the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, and the second connection terminal is connected to the second electrode group via the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03. When the first electrode group and the second electrode group are in contact with the skin, the pulse width modulation circuit 02, the first electrode group, and the second electrode group close through the skin to form a loop. More specifically, the first connection terminal is an EMS1 terminal, and the second connection terminal is an EMS2 terminal. The two output terminals EMS1 and EMS2 of the pulse width modulation circuit 02 are connected to different electrode pads, and the connection mode is switched by the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03. When the electrode is in contact with the skin, the pulse width modulation circuit 02, the first electrode group, and the second electrode group close back through the skin. The electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 is controlled to simultaneously connect the EMS1 terminal / EMS2 terminal and at least two electrodes to increase the electrode area in contact with the skin. The first connection terminal and the second connection terminal are respectively used to connect two different electrodes. These electrodes are typically designed with materials that are easy to adhere to the skin and have good conductivity to ensure that current can be transmitted smoothly. When two electrodes are connected to the system via electrode connectors and come into contact with the skin, they, along with the skin and pulse width modulation circuit 02, form a closed current loop. This loop is fundamental to electrical stimulation therapy or care, allowing pulse signals to originate from the pulse width modulation circuit 02, travel through the electrodes to the skin, then through the subcutaneous tissue back to the other electrode, and finally return to the pulse width modulation circuit 02. The pulse width modulation circuit 02 is responsible for generating pulse signals with specific frequencies, duty cycles, and amplitudes. These signals are transmitted to the electrodes via electrode connectors and then applied to the skin. The electrodes are the medium for current transmission, effectively delivering the pulse signals generated by the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to the skin. Simultaneously, the material and design of the electrodes also affect the current distribution and penetration depth, thus influencing the treatment effect. The skin is an essential part of the current loop, allowing the current to pass through and act on the subcutaneous tissue.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electrode recombination circuit 03 includes:

[0053] The first relay group has its input terminal connected to the first connection terminal, and its output terminal connected to one electrode in the first electrode group. The second relay group has its input terminal connected to the second connection terminal, and its output terminal connected to one electrode in the second electrode group. The relays act as electronic switches, transmitting pulse signals to the corresponding electrodes when closed. By controlling the on / off state of the relays, specific electrodes can be selected to receive pulse signals, enabling flexible electrode reconfiguration (such as multi-electrode switching or combination). The two relay groups correspond to the two output terminals of the pulse width modulation circuit 02, forming a loop.

[0054] Multiple switching transistors are used, with each relay's controlled terminal connected to the main control circuit via a different switching transistor. These switching transistors drive the first and second relay groups to operate according to the control signals output by the main control circuit 04. The input terminal of each switching transistor is connected to the relay coil (controlled terminal), and its output terminal is grounded. When the main control circuit 04 sends a high-level signal to the controlled terminal of the switching transistor, the switching transistor conducts, forming a closed loop in the relay coil. The other end of the relay coil needs to be connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, forming a complete loop of "positive power supply, coil, switching transistor, ground," driving the contacts to close. Through the cooperation of the relays and switching transistors, dynamic connection between the pulse signal and the electrodes is achieved.

[0055] In this embodiment, a switching transistor is incorporated into the electrode recombination circuit 03 to reliably drive the relays from the main control circuit 04, while simultaneously meeting the circuit's requirements for miniaturization, low cost, and high efficiency. Directly driving the relays via pins would cause the MCU to overload and burn out. The switching transistor acts as a "current amplifier," converting the MCU's small signal into a large current output, protecting the main control circuit 04. By controlling the switching transistor's on / off state, the main control circuit 04 can flexibly control the relays' engagement and disengagement, enabling rapid electrode recombination (e.g., time-division multiplexing, multi-channel switching). If independent control of each relay is required, a separate switching transistor is typically needed for each relay. In this embodiment, a switching transistor containing two independent NPN transistors is used. This device, with its single-chip design, can control two relays, supporting multi-channel independent control. Compared to discrete transistors, it reduces the number of components, making it particularly suitable for multi-electrode recombination scenarios.

[0056] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, both the first and second electrode groups include three electrodes. In practical applications, the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 achieves dynamic reconfigurability of the electrode topology through multi-relay collaborative control, providing diverse current path configuration schemes for the beauty device. In the basic circuit mode, the main control circuit 04 controls the conduction and cutoff of the switching transistor through the I / O port, thereby controlling the on / off state of relays SW1-SW6, so that six basic current loops are formed between the electrode pieces. In this application, the first electrode group includes: electrode B, electrode C, and electrode D; the second electrode group includes: electrode A, electrode B1, and electrode C1, wherein electrode pieces B and B1 are interconnected, and electrode pieces C and C1 are interconnected. It can be understood that electrode pieces B and B1 or electrode pieces C and C1 are the same electrode piece connected to two electrode connection terminals. Therefore, six basic current loops (AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD) are formed between the electrode pieces. At this time, each electrode piece works as an independent contact, which is suitable for conventional electrical stimulation mode. In the combined circuit mode, the main control circuit 04 realizes the combination of electrode pieces through the combined action of specific relays. For example, when a specific combination of output levels is achieved, relays SW2 and SW5 close, connecting electrode plates B and C in parallel to form a reconstituted electrode BC; simultaneously, SW1 and SW4 are turned on, causing A and D to form a reconstituted electrode AD. At this time, the electrode system can be reconfigured into a three-electrode mode (BC-A, BC-D, AD-B, AD-C) or a two-electrode mode (AD-BC), significantly affecting the somatosensory intensity and depth of action of electrical stimulation by changing the effective contact area and current distribution density.

[0057] The dynamic recombination mechanism of basic and combined circuit modes allows the user's beauty device to select the appropriate electrode configuration based on the treatment area or the user's skin impedance characteristics. For example, single-point electrode pairs (such as AD) are used in areas requiring high-energy focusing, while a wide-area current field is formed by merging electrodes (AD-BC) in large, flat areas. Combined with the aforementioned voltage amplitude modulation and pulse width modulation technologies, this design achieves three-dimensional adjustability of electrical stimulation intensity, range of action, and energy density, effectively improving the beauty device's adaptability to different skin types and treatment needs.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pulse width modulation circuit 02 includes:

[0059] Multiple transistors have their input terminals connected to the output terminal of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, their output terminals connected to the input terminal of the electrode recombination circuit 03, and their controlled terminals connected to the main control circuit 04. The main control circuit 04 also controls the on / off state of the multiple transistors to generate pulse signals of different waveforms. The transistors are multi-channel switching devices; their input terminals receive the adjusted voltage from the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, and their output terminals are connected to the electrode recombination circuit 03, forming multiple independent control paths. The controller outputs precise timing signals to independently control the on / off state of each switching transistor, supporting dynamic adjustment of the dead time to prevent short circuits.

[0060] In the specific implementation of the pulse width modulation circuit 02, its signal input terminals (PC1, PC7) are connected to the main control circuit 04 to receive complementary pulse control signals, while the power supply input terminal (EMS-VCC) provides a stable operating voltage for the circuit. Transistors Q25, Q24, and Q5 constitute the core switching network. Their bases are connected to the main control signal through current-limiting resistors, and their collectors and emitters are connected to the power supply terminal and the pulse current output terminal (EMS1, EMS2), respectively. When the complementary pulse signal output by the main control circuit 04 acts on the control terminals of the transistors, the dynamic switching of the output current path can be achieved by precisely coordinating the conduction timing of Q25 and Q24, thereby changing the direction of the pulse current flowing through the electrode plates. At the same time, Q5, as a key component of the modulation stage, has its conduction time directly controlled by the width of the pulse signal, allowing the high-level duration of the output pulse to be adjusted as needed.

[0061] This architecture enables flexible configuration of pulse waveform parameters through programmed control of the transistor switching states by the main controller. Phase difference adjustment of the complementary pulse signal alters the current polarity switching frequency, while dynamic changes in the duty cycle directly affect the output intensity of the pulse energy. The electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 generates multi-mode waveforms containing forward, reverse, and intermittent blank segments by periodically changing the width and direction combination of the pulse sequence. This composite waveform mode can be adapted to the electrical characteristics of different human tissues. For example, it can avoid electrode polarization effects by adjusting the current direction or achieve gradient adjustment of treatment intensity using a variable duty cycle. Ultimately, this results in more precise energy delivery and a wider selection of treatment modes in electrical stimulation therapy, significantly improving the device's functional adaptability and the user's treatment experience.

[0062] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 includes:

[0063] A boost circuit is used to boost the input power supply voltage to the target voltage. A low-pass filter circuit, with its input terminal connected to the main control circuit 04 and its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the boost circuit, is used to convert the control signal output by the main control circuit 04 into a DC control voltage and output it to the boost circuit to adjust the voltage value output by the boost circuit. In the practical application of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 realizes dynamic adjustment of the output voltage based on a feedback control mechanism. Its core is composed of the boost chip U10 and the low-pass filter circuit working together, with the boost chip U10 included in the boost circuit.

[0064] The power input terminal (IN pin) of the boost chip U10 is connected to a 5V DC power supply. After internal switching topology conversion, the boosted voltage signal (EMS-VCC) is output from the SW pin, which is the power signal required by the pulse width modulation circuit 02. The feedback pin FB of the chip establishes a base voltage reference through a voltage divider resistor network (R146 and R147). This reference value is usually set as a fixed proportion of the chip's internal reference voltage to maintain the stability of the default output voltage. To achieve the dynamic amplitude modulation function of the voltage, the main control circuit 04 outputs a low-frequency PWM signal through the PB8 pin. This signal is converted into a smooth DC control voltage by the RC low-pass filter composed of R65 and C18 and superimposed on the voltage node of the feedback pin FB.

[0065] In this control mechanism, the original voltage divider resistor network and the DC component injected by the main control circuit 04 work together in the feedback loop. When the PWM duty cycle output by the main control circuit 04 increases, the filtered DC control voltage also increases. At this time, the total voltage at the FB pin exceeds the original reference value due to the superposition effect, causing the internal error amplifier of the boost chip to determine that the output voltage is too high, thereby actively reducing the switching duty cycle to reduce the output amplitude of EMS-VCC. Conversely, when the main control circuit 04 reduces the PWM duty cycle, causing the voltage at the FB pin to drop, the boost chip will increase the output voltage by enhancing the switching drive. This inverse proportional control characteristic achieved through external intervention feedback voltage allows the system to accurately control the output amplitude of the boost circuit by adjusting the PWM signal in software without changing the hardware parameters, providing a flexible and adjustable power supply reference for the subsequent pulse modulation circuit.

[0066] In one embodiment, in conjunction with the previous embodiment, this embodiment further includes:

[0067] The voltage amplitude feedback circuit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit and its output terminal connected to the feedback input terminal of the main control circuit 04. It is used to collect the power supply signal of the target voltage and generate a feedback signal to be output to the main control circuit 04. The main control circuit 04 is also used to receive and control the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 to dynamically adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the feedback signal output by the voltage amplitude feedback circuit.

[0068] The voltage amplitude feedback control circuit constructs a complete closed-loop regulation system, ensuring the stability of the output voltage through real-time monitoring and dynamic correction. Resistors R146 and R147 are connected in series to form a voltage divider sampling network. Their connection point attenuates the high-voltage EMS-VCC signal output from the boost circuit proportionally to a low-voltage signal suitable for microcontroller detection. This signal is then input to the analog-to-digital converter inside the main control circuit 04 via a sampling pin. The main control circuit 04 continuously acquires this feedback voltage and compares it with a preset target voltage range. When it detects that the EMS-VCC deviates from the set threshold due to load changes, it immediately adjusts the PWM control signal parameters output from the PB8 pin using an algorithm. The control process forms a negative feedback mechanism: if the EMS-VCC voltage rises abnormally due to a decrease in the user's skin impedance, the main control circuit 04 will increase the duty cycle of the PB8 output signal, increasing the DC component superimposed on the FB pin of the boost chip U10 after RC filtering, thereby triggering the chip's internal adjustment mechanism to reduce the output voltage; conversely, when insufficient output voltage is detected, the influence on the FB pin voltage is reduced by decreasing the PB8 duty cycle, causing the boost circuit to automatically increase the EMS-VCC amplitude. This dynamic adaptive control based on real-time voltage feedback effectively overcomes the problem of current output fluctuations caused by individual differences in skin impedance, enabling the electrode pads to maintain a stable electric field strength on the skin surfaces of different users, improving the environmental adaptability and efficacy consistency of the electrostimulation therapy device.

[0069] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a device including a housing and an electrode driving circuit as described above, the electrode driving circuit being disposed within the housing. The electrodes are connected to the electrode driving circuit.

[0070] The electrode driving circuit includes: a first electrode group and a second electrode group for contact with the skin; a voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01 for boosting the input power supply voltage to a target voltage; a pulse width modulation circuit 02, with its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit 01, for modulating the target voltage into a pulse signal; an electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, with its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit 02, and its output terminal connected to the first electrode group and the second electrode group respectively, for controlling the electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group to be connected to the pulse width modulation circuit 02; and a main control circuit. Path 04 is connected to the controlled terminals of the pulse width modulation circuit 02 and the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, respectively. In response to the user's operation command, it generates a corresponding pulse width control signal and outputs it to the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to control the pulse width modulation circuit 02 to output a corresponding pulse signal. It also generates an electrode switching signal and outputs it to the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 to control the electrode reconfiguration circuit 03 to connect the electrodes specified by the operation command in the first electrode group and the second electrode group of the pulse width modulation circuit 02, so as to transmit the pulse signal to the skin through the electrodes and form a closed loop.

[0071] This application, through the setting of an electrode reconfiguration circuit 03, achieves dynamic reconstruction and combination switching of the electrode array under the coordinated control of the main control circuit 04. Based on different nursing needs, this application adjusts the number, contact area, and combination shape of the electrode heads in real time. By changing the electrode arrangement and impedance matching relationship in the current loop, the electric field distribution characteristics and energy conduction path acting on the skin become adjustable. The resulting differentiated sensory experience can adapt to diverse user sensitivities and operating preferences, significantly broadening the applicability of the device while lowering the adaptation threshold for first-time users. It provides multiple adjustable experience modes, enabling flexible configuration of personalized nursing strategies while ensuring safety.

[0072] In one device embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electrodes in the first and second electrode groups are arranged in a square or ring shape on the housing. The square electrode array is distributed in a rectangular pattern in the central area of ​​the housing's contact surface, with equidistant gaps between each square electrode unit, forming regular conductive zones. The ring electrode group is arranged in multiple concentric rings around the square array, with the inner ring unit diameter adapted to the facial contours such as around the eyes and lips, and the outer ring unit extending to the edge of the housing to cover three-dimensional areas such as the cheekbones and jawline. The two electrode groups can be dynamically combined according to the functional mode: in microcurrent introduction mode, the outer ring electrode is preferentially activated to enhance the contour lifting effect, while in radio frequency mode, the central square array is switched to achieve uniform energy diffusion in the mid-face area.

[0073] In one device embodiment, the first electrode group includes electrode B, electrode C, and electrode D; the second electrode group includes electrode A, electrode B1, and electrode C1, wherein electrode pieces B and B1 are interconnected, and C and C1 are interconnected. Six basic current loops (AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD) are formed between each pair of electrode pieces. Each electrode piece operates as an independent contact, suitable for conventional electrical stimulation modes. In the combined loop mode, the main control circuit 04 combines the electrode pieces through the combined action of specific relays. For example, when a specific level combination is output, relays SW2 and SW5 close, connecting electrode pieces B and C in parallel to form a recombined electrode BC; simultaneously, SW1 and SW4 are turned on, causing A and D to form a recombined electrode AD. At this time, the electrode system can be reconfigured into a three-electrode mode (BC-A, BC-D, AD-B, AD-C) or a two-electrode mode (AD-BC), significantly affecting the somatosensory intensity and depth of electrical stimulation by changing the effective contact area and current distribution density.

[0074] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electrode driving circuit, characterized in that, include: The first electrode group and the second electrode group are used for contact with the skin; The voltage amplitude modulation circuit raises the input power supply voltage to the target voltage; A pulse width modulation circuit, with its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit, is used to modulate the target voltage into a pulse signal. An electrode recombination circuit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the pulse width modulation circuit, and its output terminal connected to the first electrode group and the second electrode group respectively, for controlling the electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group to be connected to the pulse width modulation circuit. The main control circuit is connected to the controlled terminals of the pulse width modulation circuit and the electrode reconstruction circuit, respectively. In response to the user's operation command, it generates a corresponding pulse width control signal and outputs it to the pulse width modulation circuit to control the pulse width modulation circuit to output a corresponding pulse signal. It also generates an electrode switching signal and outputs it to the electrode reconstruction circuit to control the electrode reconstruction circuit to connect the pulse width modulation circuit with the electrodes specified by the operation command in the first electrode group and the second electrode group, so as to transmit the pulse signal to the skin through the electrodes and form a closed loop.

2. The driving circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse width modulation circuit includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal. The first connection terminal is connected to the first electrode group through the electrode recombination circuit, and the second connection terminal is connected to the second electrode group through the electrode recombination circuit. When the first electrode group and the second electrode group are in contact with the skin, the pulse width modulation circuit, the first electrode group, and the second electrode group form a closed loop through the skin.

3. The electrode driving circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode recombination circuit includes: The first relay group, wherein the input terminal of each relay in the first relay group is connected to the first connection terminal, and the output terminal of each relay is connected to one electrode in the first electrode group; The second relay group, wherein the input terminal of each relay in the second relay group is connected to the second connection terminal, and the output terminal of each relay is connected to one electrode in the second electrode group; Multiple switching transistors are used, and the controlled terminal of each relay is connected to the main control circuit through a different switching transistor. The switching transistors are used to drive the first relay group and the second relay group to work according to the control signal output by the main control circuit.

4. The electrode driving circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first electrode group and the second electrode group include three electrodes.

5. The electrode driving circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse width modulation circuit includes: Multiple transistors have their input terminals connected to the output terminals of the voltage amplitude modulation circuit, their output terminals connected to the input terminals of the electrode recombination circuit, and their controlled terminals connected to the main control circuit. The main control circuit is also used to control the multiple transistors to turn on / off, so as to generate pulse signals with different waveforms.

6. The electrode driving circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The voltage amplitude modulation circuit includes: A boost circuit is used to boost the input power supply voltage to the target voltage. The low-pass filter circuit has its input terminal connected to the main control circuit and its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the boost circuit. It is used to convert the control signal output by the main control circuit into a DC control voltage and output it to the boost circuit to adjust the voltage value output by the boost circuit.

7. The electrode driving circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The voltage amplitude feedback circuit has its input terminal connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit and its output terminal connected to the feedback input terminal of the main control circuit. It is used to collect the power supply signal of the target voltage and generate a feedback signal to output to the main control circuit. The main control circuit is also used to receive and control the voltage amplitude modulation circuit to dynamically adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the feedback signal output by the voltage amplitude feedback circuit.

8. A device, characterized in that, It includes a housing and an electrode driving circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the electrode driving circuit is disposed within the housing.

9. The device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The electrodes in the first electrode group and the second electrode group are arranged in a square or ring shape on the housing.

10. The device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The first electrode group includes: electrode B, electrode C and electrode D; the second electrode group includes: electrode A, electrode B1 and electrode C1, wherein electrode plates B and B1 are connected to each other, and electrode plates C and C1 are connected to each other.

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