A small-diameter high-precision drilling device for a circuit board

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of line board small aperture high-precision drilling equipment, including workbench, workbench is equipped with drilling mechanism and backing plate, the drill bit top of drilling mechanism is equipped with positioning block with first pressure sensor on bottom on both sides, drilling mechanism is detachably connected with alarm and the positioning cover of two ends with line board two sides translation and same length;The bottom end surface of positioning cover is equipped with cavity, top end surface is equipped with the blocking portion for detecting whether positioning block is offset and a plurality of positioning holes in staggered arrangement;The upper end surface of backing plate is equipped with the limiting plate with second pressure sensor on both sides, and the other two sides are equipped with side pressure mechanism, the upper end surface of workbench is equipped with the first drive mechanism of driving limiting plate translation to both ends of positioning cover, backing plate includes two opposite sides and workbench rotationally connected rotating plate, workbench is equipped with switch component and the let go hole for rotating plate to turn down, let go hole below is equipped with collection box;Overall drilling precision is high, it is convenient to collect and clean drilling debris and drilling efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of circuit boards, and more specifically, it relates to a high-precision drilling device for small-diameter holes in circuit boards. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit boards are a very common and important component in engineering. They can make circuits miniaturized and more intuitive. Circuit boards are generally classified into three main types: single-sided boards, double-sided boards, and multilayer boards. In the process of manufacturing circuit boards, drilling is required first.

[0003] Existing drilling equipment has the following shortcomings when drilling circuit boards: 1. Existing drilling equipment has poor positioning of circuit boards, causing them to easily shift during drilling, affecting the quality of the circuit boards, reducing work efficiency, and resulting in low drilling accuracy and efficiency; 2. When using existing drilling equipment, especially when drilling small-diameter through holes in thicker circuit boards, it cannot collect and block the debris and dust generated during drilling. A large amount of debris and dust generated during drilling will splash outwards with the rotation of the drill bit, easily affecting the difficulty of subsequent debris cleaning and causing injury to the user. Furthermore, the drilling operation is affected by the workers, causing deviations in the drilling position. Additionally, some debris will accumulate at the bottom of the drill hole or on the backing plate. If not cleaned in time, it will affect the subsequent drilling efficiency and accuracy. 3. Because the hole spacing of each type of circuit board is different, it is often necessary to manually readjust the movement data of the drill bit before drilling. However, existing drilling equipment directly drills the fixed circuit board. If the user forgets to adjust or incorrectly adjusts the translation distance of the drill bit, it will cause the circuit board to be misaligned due to drilling position, affecting the quality of the circuit board or directly causing the circuit board to be scrapped. Overall, there are problems of low drilling accuracy, difficulty in collecting drilling debris, and low drilling efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-precision drilling device for small-diameter circuit boards, which integrates the functions of automatically blocking and collecting debris and dust generated during drilling and automatically positioning and fixing the circuit board. This avoids safety hazards caused by debris and dust splashing and the difficulty of subsequent debris cleaning. It has the advantages of high drilling accuracy, easy collection and cleaning of drilling debris, and high drilling efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-precision drilling device for small-diameter holes in circuit boards includes a worktable with a drilling mechanism and a pad for placing the circuit board. Positioning blocks are mounted on both sides of the top of the drill bit in the drilling mechanism. A first pressure sensor is mounted on the bottom of each positioning block. The drilling mechanism is detachably connected to an alarm and positioning covers whose ends are lateral to the sides of the circuit board and are of the same length. The bottom surface of the positioning cover has a cavity to prevent drilling debris from splashing, and the top surface has a staggered blocking part for detecting whether the positioning blocks are offset, and several guides for the drill bit and positioning blocks to pass through. Positioning holes; the upper end face of the pad is provided with limiting plates on both sides for fixing the two sides of the circuit board, and the other two sides are provided with side pressing mechanisms for pressing the other two sides of the circuit board onto the pad. The limiting plates are equipped with second pressure sensors. The upper end face of the worktable is equipped with a first driving mechanism for driving the limiting plates to move to both ends of the positioning cover. The pad includes two rotating plates, and the opposite sides of the two rotating plates are rotatably connected to the worktable. The worktable is provided with clearance holes for the rotating plates to flip downward and a switch assembly for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the rotating plates. A collection box is provided below the clearance holes.

[0007] Further configuration: The first drive mechanism includes two mounting seats and two translation cylinders. The two mounting seats are respectively installed on both sides of the upper end face of the worktable. The translation cylinders are fixedly installed on the mounting seats. The push rod of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate away from the positioning cover. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate away from the positioning cover. Guide holes are opened on both sides of the mounting seats. One end of the guide rod passes through the guide hole and is connected to a stop block.

[0008] Further configuration: The drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine, a support, a support frame, and horizontal and vertical linear guides, each equipped with a motor. The horizontal linear guides are mounted on the upper end of the support along both sides of the circuit board. One side of the support frame is fixedly mounted on the slider of the horizontal linear guide. The vertical linear guide is fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame along the other two sides of the circuit board. A lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider of the vertical linear guide. The top rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine. One side of the positioning cover is detachably connected to the bottom of the support. The cavity accommodates all the drill holes of the circuit board.

[0009] Further configuration: The drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine, a bracket, an L-shaped connecting plate, and horizontal and vertical linear guides, each equipped with a motor. The vertical linear guide is mounted above the workbench via the bracket along the line connecting the other two sides of the circuit board. The horizontal linear guide and the connecting plate are detachably mounted on the bottom of the slider of the vertical linear guide. Slide rails are mounted on both sides of the workbench for the horizontal linear guide to slide along the other two sides of the circuit board. A lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider of the horizontal linear guide, and the top rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine. The positioning cover is located directly below the drill bit of the drilling machine and is detachably connected to the horizontal end of the connecting plate. The cavity is only for accommodating a single row of drill holes arranged along the line connecting the two sides of the circuit board.

[0010] Further configuration: The limiting plate includes a fixed plate and a movable plate that contacts the upper sections of both ends of the positioning cover. The fixed plate has hanging ears extending upwards on both sides of its top end. The bottom sides of the movable plate are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the hanging ears. The lower end of the movable plate slides along the connecting line of the other two sides of the circuit board and is provided with a connecting rod. The upper end of the hanging ears is provided with anti-rotation holes. Both ends of the connecting rod pass through the anti-rotation holes and are threaded with nuts. The second pressure sensor is mounted on the movable plate. The movable plate is equipped with a power supply. The lower sections of both ends of the positioning cover are recessed portions that face inwards toward the cavity.

[0011] Further configuration: The side pressure mechanism includes a positioning plate, a moving plate, a long screw, two short screws, and two pressure plates. The positioning plate is fixedly installed on the side of the worktable near the drilling mechanism. One end of the long screw is rotatably connected to the moving plate. An adjustment seat is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the worktable for the other end of the long screw to thread through. A rotating disk is fixedly connected to the other end of the long screw. Guide rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the moving plate. Through holes for the guide rods to pass through are opened on both sides of the adjustment seat. The two pressure plates are located between the positioning plate and the moving plate, and are respectively slidably connected to the positioning plate and the moving plate. A horizontal plate is connected to the top of both the positioning plate and the moving plate. The bottom end of the short screw is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the pressure plate. The other end of the short screw thread through the horizontal plate and is fixedly connected to a handle.

[0012] Further configuration: The switch assembly includes a support push plate and a rotary motor. The support push plate is located directly below the adjacent sides of the two rotating plates. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the support push plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the worktable. The rotating shaft is located between the opposite sides of the two rotating plates. The rotary motor is mounted on the worktable. The drive end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Further configuration: the distance between the top surface of the blocking part and the top surface of the positioning cover is greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism; the distance between the upper surface of the pad and the top surface of the positioning cover is less than or equal to the distance between the top of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism, and greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism; the distance between the bottom of the positioning cover and the upper surface of the circuit board is in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

[0014] Further configuration: The positioning cover has first ventilation holes on both sides, the pad has second ventilation holes, the workbench is equipped with a dust collection cover, the dust collection cover pipe is connected to a dust pump, and the dust pump pipe is connected to a dust collection box.

[0015] In summary, this utility model uses a pad for placing the circuit board to be drilled, and a positioning cover that is detachably installed on the drilling mechanism for the corresponding circuit board model. The cavity of the positioning cover prevents the debris generated during drilling from splashing everywhere, avoiding the difficulty of subsequent cleaning of the circuit board and accidental injury to the workers, thus improving the safety of use. The first drive mechanism, the limit plate, and the second pressure sensor are used to automatically adjust the offset sides of the circuit board to be aligned with the two ends of the positioning cover, and clamp the two sides of the adjusted circuit board and the two ends of the positioning cover to achieve automatic positioning and fixing of the two sides of the circuit board. The side pressing mechanism is used to fix and press the other two sides of the circuit board. The positioning hole, positioning block, blocking part, and first pressure sensor are used to perform preliminary positioning and detection of the drill bit movement accuracy before drilling. Specifically, if the user forgets to adjust or incorrectly adjusts the translation distance of the drill bit, the positioning block will be blocked by the blocking part, and the second pressure sensor will trigger an alarm to further ensure drilling accuracy. The switch assembly, the rotating plate, and the collection box are used to automatically collect the drilling debris accumulated on the pad.

[0016] This utility model integrates the functions of automatically blocking and collecting debris and dust generated during drilling, and automatically positioning and fixing the circuit board. It avoids safety hazards caused by debris and dust splashing and the difficulty of subsequent debris cleaning. It has the advantages of high drilling accuracy, easy collection and cleaning of drilling debris, and high drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the positioning cover removed;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting plate and the first driving mechanism in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom of the workbench in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Rotary plate; 3. Positioning block; 4. First pressure sensor; 5. Positioning cover; 6. Positioning hole; 7. Blocking part; 8. Limiting plate; 9. Second pressure sensor; 10. Clearance hole; 11. Collection box; 12. Mounting base; 13. Translation cylinder; 14. Guide rod; 15. Guide hole; 16. Stop block; 17. Drilling machine; 18. Bracket; 19. Horizontal linear guide rail; 20. Longitudinal linear guide rail; 21. Lifting cylinder; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Movable plate; 24. Fixed plate; 25. Hanging lug 26. Connecting rod; 27. Anti-rotation hole; 28. Nut; 29. ​​Positioning plate; 30. Moving plate; 31. Long screw; 32. Short screw; 33. Pressure plate; 34. Adjusting seat; 35. Rotating disk; 36. Guide rod; 37. Through hole; 38. Horizontal plate; 39. Handle; 40. Support push plate; 41. Rotary motor; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. First vent; 44. Second vent; 45. Dust hood; 46. Dust pump; 47. Dust collection box; 48. Support; 49. Support frame; 50. Slide rail; a. Circuit board. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To explain the technical content, objectives, and effects of this utility model in detail, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the attached drawings. Figure 3 The direction in the middle, the words "bottom" and "top" refer to the attached Figure 3 The direction towards the geometric center of a specific component.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6As shown, a high-precision drilling device for small-diameter holes in circuit boards includes a worktable 1. The worktable 1 has a drilling mechanism and a pad for placing the circuit board. Positioning blocks 3 are installed on both sides of the top of the drill bit in the drilling mechanism. A first pressure sensor 4 is installed at the bottom of the positioning block 3. The drilling mechanism is detachably connected to an alarm and positioning covers 5 whose ends are parallel to the sides of the circuit board and are of the same length. The bottom surface of the positioning cover 5 has a cavity to prevent drilling debris from splashing, and the top surface has a staggered blocking part 7 for detecting whether the positioning blocks 3 are offset, and several positioning holes through which the drill bit and positioning blocks 3 pass. Hole 6; Limiting plates 8 for fixing the two sides of the circuit board are provided on both sides of the upper end face of the pad. Side pressing mechanisms for pressing the other two sides of the circuit board onto the pad are provided on the other two sides. The limiting plates 8 are equipped with second pressure sensors 9. The upper end face of the worktable 1 is equipped with a first driving mechanism for driving the limiting plates 8 to move to both ends of the positioning cover 5. The pad includes two rotating plates 2. The opposite sides of the two rotating plates 2 are rotatably connected to the worktable 1. The worktable 1 is provided with a clearance hole 10 for the rotating plates 2 to flip downward and a switch assembly for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the rotating plates 2. A collection box 11 is provided below the clearance hole 10.

[0028] As described above, when it is necessary to fix and clamp the circuit board to be drilled, firstly, the circuit board to be drilled is placed on the pad. Then, the positioning cover 5 corresponding to the circuit board of this model is detachably installed on the drilling mechanism. The positioning cover 5 is located below the drill bit of the drilling mechanism. Then, the first drive mechanism is started through the first drive mechanism and the limiting plate 8. The first drive mechanism drives the two limiting plates 8 to move towards the two sides of the circuit board respectively. During this movement, if the initial position of the two sides of the circuit board is misaligned with the two ends of the positioning cover 5, the first drive mechanism will drive the limiting plate 8 to push the circuit board away from the side of the positioning cover 5 until the second pressure sensor 9 of the two limiting plates 8 detects the pressure signal within the preset range. At this time, the two sides of the circuit board are flush with the two ends of the positioning cover 5. The two limiting plates clamp the two ends of the positioning cover 5 and the two sides of the circuit board, thus achieving the function of automatically positioning and fixing the two sides of the circuit board. After that, by adjusting the side pressure mechanism, the other two sides of the circuit board are pressed down onto the pad, thus achieving the function of fixing and clamping the other two sides of the circuit board.

[0029] When drilling is required, the drilling mechanism needs to be readjusted because the hole spacing varies for different circuit boards. Before drilling, the positioning hole 6, positioning block 3, and blocking part 7 are used to perform preliminary positioning detection of the drill bit's position. If the operator forgets to adjust or incorrectly adjusts the drill bit's translation distance, as the drill bit descends, the positioning block 3 will be blocked by the blocking part 7 on the top surface of the positioning cover 5, that is, the bottom of the positioning block 3 will contact the top surface of the blocking part 7. At this time, the second pressure sensor 9 detects the blocking pressure signal within the preset range and sends it to the external controller (not shown in the figure, as described in the text). The external controller controls the alarm (not shown in the figure, as described in the text) to sound an alarm, preventing the circuit board from being scrapped due to the drilling position deviation, and further improving the drilling positioning accuracy and efficiency. During drilling, the positioning hole 6 is set to prevent debris from flying while ensuring that the drill bit and positioning block 3 can enter smoothly.

[0030] When it is necessary to clean and collect the debris generated from drilling, after all the holes in the circuit board have been drilled and the circuit board has been removed, the switch assembly is activated. The switch assembly causes the two rotating plates 2 to flip downwards relative to each other within the clearance hole 10, thereby automatically opening the pad. Under the action of gravity, the debris on the pad automatically falls downwards along the tilt direction of the two rotating plates 2, and then falls into the collection box 11 through the clearance hole 10 for collection, thus achieving the function of automatically collecting the drilling debris accumulated on the pad. During drilling, the debris generated from drilling is blocked by the positioning cover 5 and falls into the upper surface of the circuit board within the cavity of the positioning cover 5, avoiding the debris from flying and affecting the difficulty of subsequent cleaning of the circuit board. At the same time, it also avoids the debris flying and accidentally injuring the staff, further improving the safety of use.

[0031] Furthermore, the first drive mechanism includes two mounting seats 12 and two translation cylinders 13. The two mounting seats 12 are respectively installed on both sides of the upper end face of the worktable 1. The translation cylinders 13 are fixedly installed on the mounting seats 12. The push rod of the translation cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate 8 away from the positioning cover 5. A guide rod 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate 8 away from the positioning cover 5. Guide holes 15 are opened on both sides of the mounting seats 12. One end of the guide rod 14 passes through the guide hole 15 and is connected to a stop block 16.

[0032] As described above, when it is necessary to position and fix the two sides of the circuit board, the translation cylinder 13 is activated, and the push rods of the two translation cylinders 13 extend, respectively driving the two limit plates 8 to move towards the two sides of the circuit board. During this movement, if the initial position of the two sides of the circuit board is misaligned with the two ends of the positioning cover 5, the side of the circuit board away from the positioning cover 5 will be pushed towards the positioning cover 5 by the limit plate 8 on the same side until the second pressure sensor 9 of the two limit plates 8 detects the pressure signal within the preset range. At this time, the push rods of the translation cylinder 13 stop extending. At this time, the two sides of the circuit board are flush with the two ends of the positioning cover 5, and the two limit plates 8 clamp the two ends of the positioning cover 5 and the two sides of the circuit board, thus achieving the function of automatically positioning and fixing the two sides of the circuit board. The guide rod 14, the stop block 16 and the guide hole 15 are used to ensure the stability of the movement of the limit plate 8 driven by the push rod of the translation cylinder 13.

[0033] Furthermore, the drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine 17, a support 18, an L-shaped connecting plate 22, and transverse linear guides 19 and longitudinal linear guides 20, each equipped with a motor. The longitudinal linear guide 20 is mounted on the workbench 1 above the workbench 1 via the support 18 along the connecting line of the other two sides of the circuit board. The transverse linear guides 19 and the connecting plate 22 are detachably mounted on the bottom of the slider of the longitudinal linear guide 20. Slide rails 5 are mounted on both sides of the workbench 1 to allow the transverse linear guides 19 to slide along the other two sides of the circuit board. 0. A lifting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider of the horizontal linear guide 19. The top rod of the lifting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine 17. The positioning cover 5 is located directly below the drill bit of the drilling machine 17 and is detachably connected to the horizontal end of the connecting plate 22. The cavity is only for accommodating a single row of drill holes arranged along the connecting line direction on both sides of the circuit board. The purpose of this cavity design is to make the cavity only for accommodating a single row of drill holes, to prevent the debris generated by the single row of drill holes from splashing, and to avoid the debris of adjacent rows of drill holes from splashing and accumulating.

[0034] As described above, when drilling is required, the motor of the horizontal linear guide 19 is started via the horizontal linear guide 19, driving the slider of the horizontal linear guide 19 to move laterally along the line connecting the two sides of the circuit board, thereby driving the drilling machine 17 to move laterally along the line connecting the two sides of the circuit board, that is, along the length direction of the positioning cover 5, thus automatically driving the drilling machine 17 to move laterally; the motor of the vertical linear guide 20 is started via the vertical linear guide 20, driving the slider of the vertical linear guide 20 to move laterally along the other side of the circuit board. The longitudinal translation of the connecting lines on both outer sides causes the transverse linear guide 19 and the connecting plate 22 to move longitudinally along the connecting lines on the other two sides of the circuit board, that is, along the width of the positioning cover 5. This leads to the automatic drive drilling machine 17 and the positioning cover 5 moving longitudinally together. The cavity of the positioning cover 5 is designed to prevent the debris from the single row of drilled holes from splashing, thus avoiding the debris from the drilled holes from splashing into the adjacent row of formed holes. This facilitates the subsequent cleaning of the circuit board. The linear guide is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0035] Furthermore, the limiting plate 8 includes a fixed plate 24 and a movable plate 23 that contacts the upper part of both ends of the positioning cover 5. The top two sides of the fixed plate 24 are provided with hanging ears 25 extending upwards. The bottom two sides of the movable plate 23 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the hanging ears 25. The lower end of the movable plate 23 slides along the connecting line direction of the other two sides of the circuit board and is provided with a connecting rod 26. The upper end of the hanging ears 25 is provided with anti-rotation holes 27. The two ends of the connecting rod 26 pass through the anti-rotation holes 27 and are threaded with nuts 28. The second pressure sensor 9 is installed on the movable plate 23. The movable plate 23 is provided with a power supply (not shown in the figure, the same throughout the text). The lower part of both ends of the positioning cover 5 is a recessed part that is concave towards the cavity.

[0036] As described above, after the two limiting plates 8 clamp the two sides of the circuit board, that is, after the movable plate 23 is pressed against the upper part of both ends of the movable plate 23, the second pressure sensor 9 sends a signal to the external controller. The external controller controls the first drive mechanism to stop moving the limiting plate 8. When the positioning cover 5 and the drilling machine 17 need to move together with the slider of the longitudinal linear guide rail 20 along the connecting line direction of the other two sides of the circuit board, before the positioning cover 5 moves, the nuts 28 are first unscrewed from both ends of the connecting rod 26, and then the connecting rod 26 is disconnected from the connecting movable plate 23. Once the ear part 25 is removed, the locking effect on the movable plate 23 can be released. Then, the movable plate 23 can be flipped away from both ends of the positioning cover 5 to release the limiting effect of the movable plate 23 on both ends of the positioning cover 5. By setting a power supply, the second pressure sensor 9 can be powered separately. Through the recesses of the lower part of both ends of the positioning cover 5, as the positioning cover 5 moves with the longitudinal linear guide rail 20, the lower part of both ends of the positioning cover 5 is prevented from interfering with the limiting plate 8, thus affecting the movement of the positioning cover 5 and the clamping effect of the limiting plate 8 on the circuit board.

[0037] Furthermore, the side-pressing mechanism includes a positioning plate 29, a moving plate 30, a long screw 31, two short screws 32, and two pressure plates 33. The positioning plate 29 is fixedly installed on the side of the workbench 1 near the drilling mechanism. One end of the long screw 31 is rotatably connected to the moving plate 30. An adjusting seat 34 for threaded passage of the other end of the long screw 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the workbench 1. A rotating disk 35 is fixedly connected to the other end of the long screw 31. Guide rods 36 are fixedly connected to both sides of the moving plate 30. Through holes 37 for the guide rods 36 to pass through are opened on both sides of the adjusting seat 34. The two pressure plates 33 are located between the positioning plate 29 and the moving plate 30, and are respectively connected to the positioning plate 29 and the moving plate 30 to slide up and down. A horizontal plate 38 is connected to the top of both the positioning plate 29 and the moving plate 30. The bottom end of the short screw 32 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the pressure plate 33. The other end of the short screw 32 is threaded through the horizontal plate 38 and fixedly connected to a handle 39.

[0038] As described above, when it is necessary to limit the other two sides of the circuit board, after placing the circuit board on the pad, firstly, the positioning plate 29 is used to bring one side of the other two sides of the circuit board into contact with the side of the positioning plate 29 closest to the positioning cover 5, thus achieving the initial positioning of the circuit board; then, by rotating the rotating disk 35 in the forward direction, the long screw 31 is driven to rotate. Under the guidance of the guide rod 36 and the through holes 37 on both sides of the adjusting seat 34, the long screw 31 drives the moving plate 30 to move towards the other side closer to the other two sides of the circuit board, until the other two sides of the circuit board are positioned. The side limiter is located between the positioning plate 29 and the moving plate 30, but it does not clamp the other two sides of the circuit board. It serves to initially limit the other two sides of the circuit board. After the limiting plate 8 clamps the two sides of the circuit board, the handle 39 is rotated in the forward direction, which drives the short screw 32 to rotate. Since the two pressure plates 33 slide up and down and are connected to the adjacent sides of the positioning plate 29 and the moving plate 30 respectively, the rotation of the short screw 32 drives the pressure plate 33 to move downward in a directional direction until the pressure plate 33 moves down to press the circuit board onto the pad, which serves to limit and press the other two sides of the circuit board.

[0039] Furthermore, the switch assembly includes a support push plate 40 and a rotary motor 41. The support push plate 40 is located directly below the adjacent sides of the two rotating plates 2. A rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the support push plate 40. The rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the worktable 1 and is located between the opposite sides of the two rotating plates 2. The rotary motor 41 is mounted on the worktable 1, and the drive end of the rotary motor 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 42.

[0040] As described above, when it is necessary to open the rotating plate 2 to collect the debris on the upper surface of the pad, the rotary motor 41 is started. The drive end of the rotary motor 41 is activated, causing the support push plate 40 to flip downward away from the bottom of the rotating plate 2. The rotating plate 2 loses the support force of the support push plate 40. Under the action of gravity, the two rotating plates 2 flip downward in opposite directions. The debris on the upper surface of the rotating plate 2 first falls obliquely to the support push plate 40, and then falls obliquely to the collection box 11 through the support push plate 40. This achieves the function of automatically opening the rotating plate 2 to collect drilling debris. When it is necessary to close the rotating plate 2, it is only necessary to start the rotary motor 41. The drive end of the rotary motor 41 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the support push plate 40 to flip upward, thereby pushing the two rotating plates 2 to flip upward until the support push plate 40 is parallel to the worktable 1 again. This achieves the function of automatically closing the two rotating plates 2.

[0041] Furthermore, the distance between the top surface of the blocking part 7 and the top surface of the positioning cover 5 is greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block 3 and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism. This is designed so that in the event of an error in the drill bit movement data, the top of the blocking part 7 can contact the bottom of the positioning block 3 before the bottom of the drill bit reaches the top of the positioning cover 5, thus preventing damage to the positioning cover 5 or the drill bit itself. The distance between the upper surface of the pad and the top surface of the positioning cover 5 is less than or equal to the distance between the top of the positioning block 3 and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism, and greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block 3 and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism. This is designed to ensure that the positioning block 3 is located within the positioning hole 6, further ensuring that the drill bit is limited during drilling while preventing debris from splashing out of the positioning cover 5 through the positioning hole 6. The distance between the bottom of the positioning cover 5 and the upper surface of the circuit board is in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm. This is designed to prevent the positioning cover 5 from moving while preventing debris from splashing, and at the same time, to reserve a heat dissipation gap.

[0042] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 7 As shown, the positioning cover 5 has a first ventilation hole 43 on both sides, and the pad has a second ventilation hole 44. A dust collection cover 45 is mounted on the workbench 1. The dust collection cover 45 is connected to a dust collection pump 46 through a pipe, and the dust collection pump 46 is connected to a dust collection box 47 through a pipe.

[0043] As can be seen from the above description, the first vent 43 and the second vent 44 are used to dissipate heat during drilling, so as to avoid heat accumulation and deformation of the circuit board or affect the service life of the drill bit. The dust hood 45, the dust pump 46 and the dust collection box 47 are used to adsorb and collect the debris on the surface of the circuit board. The suction force generated by the dust pump 46 is used to suck the debris located on the upper surface of the circuit board into the dust hood 45 and then adsorb it into the dust collection box 47 through the pipe.

[0044] Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that, as Figure 8 As shown, the drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine 17, a support 48, a support frame 49, a transverse linear guide 19 and a longitudinal linear guide 20, both equipped with motors. The transverse linear guide 19 is installed on the upper end of the support 48 along both sides of the circuit board. One side of the support frame 49 is fixedly installed on the slider of the transverse linear guide 19. The longitudinal linear guide 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 49 along the other two sides of the circuit board. The slider of the longitudinal linear guide 20 is fixedly connected to a lifting cylinder 21. The top rod of the lifting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine 17. The positioning cover 5 is detachably connected to the bottom of the support 48 on one side, and the cavity accommodates all the drill holes of the circuit board.

[0045] In summary, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the advantages of high drilling accuracy, easy collection and cleaning of drilling debris, and high drilling efficiency. Its working process is as follows: When it is necessary to fix and clamp the circuit board to be drilled, first place the circuit board to be drilled on the pad, then detachably install the positioning cover 5 corresponding to the circuit board model below the drill bit of the drilling mechanism. Using the push rod of the translation cylinder 13 to drive the limiting plate 8, the two sides of the circuit board are translated and adjusted to be flush with the two ends of the positioning cover 5. Until the limiting plate 8 clamps the adjusted two sides of the circuit board with the two ends of the positioning cover 5, the second pressure sensor 9 detects the pre-drilling. When a pressure signal within a set range is applied, the push rod of the translation cylinder 13 stops extending, thus achieving the function of automatically positioning and fixing both sides of the circuit board. Then, the side pressure mechanism is adjusted to press the other two sides of the circuit board down onto the pad. The positioning hole 6, positioning block 3, and blocking part 7 are used to perform preliminary positioning detection on the accuracy of the drill bit's movement position. Specifically, if the user forgets to adjust or incorrectly adjusts the translation distance of the drill bit, the positioning block 3 will be blocked by the blocking part 7. The second pressure sensor 9 detects the blocking pressure signal within the preset range, and the external controller will control the alarm to sound an alarm, further improving the drilling positioning accuracy.

[0046] After drilling is completed, the two rotating plates 2 are flipped downwards using the switch assembly, causing the drilling debris on the pad to fall automatically into the collection box 11 for collection. The debris then falls through the clearance hole 10 into the collection box 11 for collection, thus achieving the function of automatically collecting the drilling debris accumulated on the pad. During drilling, the drilling debris is blocked by the positioning cover 5 and the positioning block 3 and falls into the upper surface of the circuit board within the cavity of the positioning cover 5, avoiding debris splashing and accidentally injuring the user and affecting the difficulty of subsequent cleaning.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision drilling device for small-diameter holes in circuit boards, characterized in that: The system includes a workbench, on which a drilling mechanism and a pad for placing the circuit board are mounted. Positioning blocks are installed on both sides of the top of the drill bit in the drilling mechanism. A first pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of each positioning block. The drilling mechanism is detachably connected to an alarm and positioning covers at both ends that are translatable to the sides of the circuit board and are of the same length. The bottom surface of the positioning cover has a cavity to prevent drill debris from splashing, and the top surface has a staggered blocking part for detecting whether the positioning blocks are misaligned, and several positioning holes for the drill bit and positioning blocks of the drilling mechanism to pass through. The pad... The upper end face of the worktable is provided with limiting plates on both sides for fixing the circuit board on both sides. On the other two sides, there are side pressing mechanisms for pressing the other two sides of the circuit board down onto the pad. The limiting plates are equipped with second pressure sensors. The upper end face of the worktable is equipped with a first driving mechanism for driving the limiting plates to move to both ends of the positioning cover. The pad includes two rotating plates. The opposite sides of the two rotating plates are rotatably connected to the worktable. The worktable is provided with clearance holes for the rotating plates to flip downwards and a switch assembly for automatically controlling the opening and closing of the rotating plates. A collection box is provided below the clearance holes.

2. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes two mounting seats and two translation cylinders. The two mounting seats are respectively installed on both sides of the upper end face of the worktable. The translation cylinders are fixedly installed on the mounting seats. The push rod of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate away from the positioning cover. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the side of the limiting plate away from the positioning cover. Guide holes are opened on both sides of the mounting seats. One end of the guide rod passes through the guide hole and is connected to a stop block.

3. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine, a support, a support frame, and horizontal and vertical linear guides, each equipped with a motor. The horizontal linear guides are mounted on the upper end of the support along both sides of the circuit board. One side of the support frame is fixedly mounted on the slider of the horizontal linear guide. The vertical linear guides are fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame along the other two sides of the circuit board. A lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider of the vertical linear guide, and the top rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine. One side of the positioning cover is detachably connected to the bottom of the support, and the cavity accommodates all the drill holes of the circuit board.

4. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism includes a drilling machine, a support, an L-shaped connecting plate, and horizontal and vertical linear guides, each equipped with a motor. The vertical linear guide is mounted on the workbench above the worktable via the support along the line connecting the other two sides of the circuit board. The horizontal linear guide and the connecting plate are detachably mounted on the bottom of the slider of the vertical linear guide. Slide rails are mounted on both sides of the worktable for the horizontal linear guide to slide along the other two sides of the circuit board. A lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider of the horizontal linear guide, and the top rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the drilling machine. The positioning cover is located directly below the drill bit of the drilling machine and is detachably connected to the horizontal end of the connecting plate. The cavity is only for accommodating a single row of drill holes arranged along the line connecting the two sides of the circuit board.

5. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting plate includes a fixed plate and a movable plate that contacts the upper sections of both ends of the positioning cover. The fixed plate has hanging ears extending upwards on both sides of its top end. The bottom sides of the movable plate are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the hanging ears. The lower end of the movable plate slides along the connecting line of the other two sides of the circuit board and is provided with a connecting rod. The upper end of the hanging ears is provided with anti-rotation holes. Both ends of the connecting rod pass through the anti-rotation holes and are threaded with nuts. The second pressure sensor is mounted on the movable plate. The movable plate is equipped with a power supply. The lower sections of both ends of the positioning cover are recessed parts that are concave towards the cavity.

6. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-pressing mechanism includes a positioning plate, a moving plate, a long screw, two short screws, and two pressure plates. The positioning plate is fixedly installed on the side of the worktable near the drilling mechanism. One end of the long screw is rotatably connected to the moving plate. An adjusting seat is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the worktable for the other end of the long screw to thread through. A rotating disk is fixedly connected to the other end of the long screw. Guide rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the moving plate. Through holes for the guide rods to pass through are opened on both sides of the adjusting seat. The two pressure plates are located between the positioning plate and the moving plate, and are respectively slidably connected to the positioning plate and the moving plate. A horizontal plate is connected to the top of both the positioning plate and the moving plate. The bottom end of the short screw is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the pressure plate. The other end of the short screw thread through the horizontal plate and is fixedly connected to a handle.

7. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch assembly includes a support push plate and a rotary motor. The support push plate is located directly below the adjacent sides of the two rotating plates. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to both sides of one end of the support push plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom sides of the worktable and is located between the opposite sides of the two rotating plates. The rotary motor is mounted on the worktable, and the drive end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft.

8. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the top surface of the blocking part and the top surface of the positioning cover is greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism; the distance between the upper surface of the pad and the top surface of the positioning cover is less than or equal to the distance between the top of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism, and greater than the distance between the bottom of the positioning block and the bottom of the drill bit of the drilling mechanism; the distance between the bottom of the positioning cover and the upper surface of the circuit board is in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.

9. The high-precision drilling equipment for small-diameter holes in circuit boards according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning cover has a first ventilation hole on both sides, the pad has a second ventilation hole, the workbench is equipped with a dust collection cover, the dust collection cover pipe is connected to a dust pump, and the dust pump pipe is connected to a dust collection box.

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