Optical fiber catheter and laser ablation device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of optical fiber catheter and laser ablation device.The application is by input end end face is set into conical hole or conical, so that laser beam is refracted after entering optical fiber body at the end face of input end, and because different laser rays in laser beam are refracted into optical fiber body from different positions of input end end face, different laser rays will be multiple total reflection in different positions in optical fiber body after exit along the axial direction of optical fiber body and form annular light spot.Therefore, the application is by input end is set into conical hole or conical, so that laser emitted from output end is annular light spot, so that complex conical structure is not needed in output end, and protective structure is set outside conical structure, to simplify the machining step of output end and control production cost, and keep the fiber diameter of output end and optical fiber body consistent, so that optical fiber catheter can meet the demand of smaller pipe diameter of venous laser closure operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an optical fiber catheter and a laser ablation device. Background Technology

[0002] Varicose veins in the lower extremities are a common venous disease with an incidence rate as high as 10%-20%, and the incidence increases with age. Common symptoms of varicose veins include varicose veins in the lower extremities appearing as worm-like protrusions, accompanied by a feeling of soreness, heaviness, and fatigue. If left untreated, it can progress to limb edema, skin eczema, pigmentation, venous ulcers, and even thrombophlebitis, affecting the patient's work and life, and increasing their financial burden.

[0003] Traditional treatment for varicose veins involves high ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein. This procedure requires an incision at the groin point to locate the great saphenous vein, followed by high ligation. A vein stripper is then inserted into the vessel, and the vein is stripped segmentally, with pressure bandaging applied to stop bleeding. This method is prone to postoperative complications such as subcutaneous hematoma and lower extremity edema. In recent years, endovenous laser closure (EVLA) has replaced this traditional surgical approach for varicose veins. Compared to traditional methods, EVLA avoids surgical incisions, mechanical damage, and aggressive tearing of the saphenous vein. Therefore, EVLA reduces postoperative pain, bleeding, and perivenous hematoma, while also lowering the infection rate and recanalization rate, thus promoting faster patient recovery.

[0004] To address the problem of excessively high local energy density caused by early circular laser outputs, leading to blood carbonization and ultimately venous wall perforation, recent advancements have focused on controlling the laser output to create a ring-shaped spot at the lesion site. This leverages the laser's absorption of water and the photothermal effect to close the vein, resulting in better temperature control of the lesion area. This reduces or even eliminates venous wall perforation and minimizes the formation of a carbonized blood layer. However, existing laser fibers typically have a conical structure at the output end to refract the laser beam into a ring-shaped spot. To prevent the conical output end from directly inserting into the lesion and injuring the patient, please refer to [further details needed]. Figure 1 As shown, existing laser optical fibers further incorporate a glass tube protective cover at the output end of a tapered structure, which is then glued to the outer periphery of the output end. Additionally, heat-shrink tubing is used to cover the connection between the glass tube protective cover and the optical fiber. Therefore, the existing optical fiber conduit has a complex structure and a large cross-sectional area at the output end, resulting in cumbersome processing steps and high production costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide an optical fiber guide tube and a laser ablation device to solve the problem that the output end structure of the optical fiber guide tube that forms a ring-shaped light spot is relatively complex in the prior art.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides an optical fiber conduit, which includes an optical fiber module. The optical fiber module includes an optical fiber body, an input end, and an output end. The input end and the output end are located at opposite ends of the optical fiber body along the extension direction of the optical fiber body. The input end is used to allow laser light emitted by a laser source to enter the optical fiber body, and the output end is used to allow laser light passing through the optical fiber body to exit.

[0007] The input end is in the shape of a conical hole or a cone, so that the laser emitted from the output end is in a ring shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the end face of the output end is parallel to the plane containing the radial direction of the optical fiber body, so that the laser emitted from the output end is in a single ring shape;

[0009] Alternatively, the end face of the output end is spherical, so that the laser emitted from the output end is double-ringed.

[0010] Furthermore, when the input end is in the form of a tapered aperture, the center line of the tapered input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0011] Furthermore, the angle between the centerline and the wall of the tapered input end is 45-80 degrees.

[0012] Furthermore, when the input end is conical, the axis of the conical input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0013] Furthermore, the angle between the shaft and the conical side of the input end is 45-80 degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, the optical fiber body is provided with at least one annular groove along the circumference, and the annular groove is close to the output end so that part of the laser is emitted from the annular groove to form an annular light spot.

[0015] Furthermore, the optical fiber conduit also includes a connector for connecting the optical fiber module to the host, wherein the connector is connected to the optical fiber body and close to the input end, and the optical fiber body and the connector are not in contact between the connection point of the connector and the optical fiber body and the input end.

[0016] Furthermore, the input end face is provided with an anti-reflection membrane.

[0017] Furthermore, the optical fiber body includes a first segment and a second segment, which are connected by a connector or an optical fiber patch cord. The end of the first segment furthest from the second segment is the input end, and the end of the second segment furthest from the first segment is the output end.

[0018] Furthermore, the numerical aperture of the first segment is less than or equal to the numerical aperture of the second segment.

[0019] Furthermore, the diameter of the first segment is less than or equal to the diameter of the second segment.

[0020] On the other hand, this application also provides a laser ablation device, the laser ablation device comprising the fiber optic conduit described in any of the preceding claims; and

[0021] The host is connected to the optical fiber conduit, and the host includes a laser module and a control module. The control module is used to control the laser module to output a laser beam to the optical fiber conduit.

[0022] In the fiber optic conduit of this application, by setting the input end face of the fiber optic module into a conical or conical shape, the laser beam emitted by the laser module is refracted at the input end face before entering the fiber body. Since different laser beams enter the fiber body from different positions on the input end face, these beams undergo multiple total internal reflections at different positions within the fiber body, ultimately exiting from the output end along an axial direction inclined to the fiber body, forming annular light spots. Therefore, compared to existing technologies that require a conical structure at the output end to produce an annular laser spot, this application achieves an annular laser spot simply by setting the input end into a conical or conical shape. This eliminates the need for a complex conical structure at the output end and a protective structure outside the conical structure. This simplifies the processing steps at the output end and controls production costs, while maintaining the same fiber diameter between the output end and the fiber body, allowing the fiber optic conduit to meet the requirements of smaller diameter intravenous laser closure surgeries. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an existing optical fiber duct, without showing the connector.

[0025] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the optical fiber conduit disclosed in this application, showing the connector.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical fiber duct with a planar output end, as disclosed in one embodiment of this application, showing a ring-shaped light spot.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical fiber conduit and connector with an inclined input end, as disclosed in one embodiment of this application. The diagram shows a schematic diagram of a laser beam entering the optical fiber body.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber guide tube with a spherical output end, as disclosed in one embodiment of this application. The figure shows two annular light spots.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical fiber guide tube with an annular groove on the optical fiber body in one embodiment of the present application, showing two annular light spots.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber guide tube with a tapered hole at the input end in one embodiment of the present application, and the center line of the input end is deviated from the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber guide tube with a tapered hole at the input end in one embodiment of the present application, and the center line of the input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application, in which the input end is a conical optical fiber guide tube, and the center line of the input end is offset from the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application, in which the input end is a conical optical fiber conduit, and the center line of the input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

[0034] Figure 11 In one embodiment of this application, when the optical fiber diameter is 400 μm, the laser module power is 4W / 12W, and the running time is 5 min / 30 min, the transmission efficiency and the temperature of the optical fiber body near the input end in the connector are corresponding to the tapered aperture and conical input end structures.

[0035] Figure 12 In one embodiment of this application, when the optical fiber diameter is 600 μm, the laser module power is 4W / 12W, and the running time is 5min / 30min, the transmission efficiency and the temperature of the optical fiber body near the input end in the connector are corresponding to the tapered aperture and conical input end structures.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical fiber body with a tapered aperture and an antireflection coating at the input end, as disclosed in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical fiber body with a conical input end and an anti-reflection coating, as disclosed in one embodiment of this application.

[0038] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0039] Fiber optic conduit 100, fiber optic body 11, first segment 111, second segment 112, annular groove 113, input end 12, shaft 121, apex 122, center point 123, output end 13, central axis 14, first annular spot 20, second annular spot 30, connector 40, heat dissipation space 50, anti-reflection film 60. Detailed Implementation

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0042] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0043] Please see Figure 2-12As shown, on one hand, this application provides an optical fiber conduit 100, which is used to connect to a laser module and transmit the laser beam emitted by the laser module, so that the laser beam output from the optical fiber conduit 100 can form a ring-shaped light spot to act on the vein wall, and based on the thermal effect of laser energy, cause the blood in the diseased vein to coagulate and the vein wall to contract, thereby achieving the purpose of closing the blood vessel and improving blood return.

[0044] Furthermore, the optical fiber conduit 100 includes an optical fiber module, which includes an optical fiber body 11, an input end 12, and an output end 13. The input end 12 and the output end 13 are located at opposite ends of the optical fiber body 11 along the extension direction of the optical fiber body 11. The input end 12 is used to allow laser light emitted by the laser source to enter the optical fiber body 11, and the output end 13 is used to allow laser light passing through the optical fiber body 11 to exit.

[0045] The input end 12 is in the shape of a conical hole or a cone, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser module will be refracted at the end face of the input end 12 and then enter the optical fiber body 11. Since different laser beams in the laser beam are refracted into the optical fiber body 11 from different positions of the end face of the input end, the different laser beams will undergo multiple total internal reflections at different positions in the optical fiber body 11, and finally be emitted from the output end 13 along the axial direction inclined to the optical fiber body 11 to form a ring-shaped light spot.

[0046] Compared to existing technologies that require a conical structure at the output end 13 to produce a ring-shaped laser spot, this application achieves the same result by making the input end 12 into a conical or circular hole shape. This eliminates the need for a complex conical structure at the output end 13 and a protective structure on the outside of the conical structure. This simplifies the processing steps of the output end 13 and controls production costs. It also ensures that the output end 13 and the fiber diameter of the fiber body 11 are consistent, allowing the fiber optic conduit 100 to meet the needs of smaller diameter vein laser closure surgery and expanding the application range of the fiber optic conduit 100.

[0047] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 3 as well as Figure 6As shown, the end face of the output end 13 is parallel to the plane containing the radial direction of the optical fiber body 11, that is, the end face of the output end 13 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the optical fiber body 11, so that the end face of the output end 13 is a plane. Therefore, after the laser beam emitted by the laser module enters the optical fiber body 11 through the conical or conical input end 12, each laser beam will undergo multiple total internal reflections in the optical fiber body 11, and after the final total internal reflection in the optical fiber body 11 near the output end 13, it will be emitted obliquely outward from the plane end face of the output end 13, thereby forming a single ring-shaped light spot.

[0048] Furthermore, by setting the end face of the output end 13 to a plane parallel to the radial direction of the optical fiber body 11, the end face of the output end 13 only needs to be simply ground into a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the laser body. Therefore, the flat end face of the output end 13 has the advantage of being easy to process, and will not cause puncture of the blood vessel wall before laser ablation is performed in the varicose vein.

[0049] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, the end face of the output end 13 is spherical. Therefore, after the laser beam emitted by the laser module enters the optical fiber body 11 through the conical or conical input end 12, each laser beam will undergo multiple total internal reflections within the optical fiber body 11. After a final total internal reflection within the optical fiber body 11 near the output end 13, the laser beam will be emitted obliquely outward from the planar end face of the output end 13. A portion of the laser beam emitted from the output end 13 near the optical fiber body 11 will form a first annular spot 20, and another portion of the laser beam emitted from the output end 13 near the optical axis 121 of the optical fiber body 11 will form a second annular spot 30, thus making the laser emitted from the output end 13 double-ringed.

[0050] By setting the output end 13 as a spherical surface, the smoothness of the connection between the output end 13 and the optical fiber body 11 can be further improved, so that the optical fiber catheter 100 will not puncture the blood vessel wall before being inserted into the varicose vein for laser ablation, and the smoothness of the insertion of the optical fiber catheter 100 can also be improved.

[0051] In addition, the double-ring laser spot can preheat the target vein wall area through the first ring spot 20 which is closer to the fiber body 11, so as to distribute the laser energy in conjunction with the second ring spot 30 which is farther away from the fiber body 11 relative to the first ring spot 20, thereby performing a gentler and more efficient treatment on the target vein wall area.

[0052] Furthermore, the energies of the first annular light spot 20 and the second annular light spot 30 can be the same or different. Preferably, the energy ratio of the first annular light spot 20 to the second annular light spot 30 is greater than or equal to 1, such that the energy of the first annular light spot 20 is greater than or equal to the energy of the second annular light spot 30. More specifically, the energies of the first annular light spot 20 and the second annular light spot 30 can be the same, such that the energy ratio of the first annular light spot 20 to the second annular light spot 30 is 1:1.

[0053] Furthermore, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, when the input end 12 is in the form of a conical aperture, the center line of the conical input end 12 coincides with the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11, so that the input end 12 is a regular conical aperture relative to the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11 and does not deviate from the central axis 14. The laser light entering the optical fiber body 11 from the input end 12 can undergo at least one total internal reflection at different positions in the optical fiber body 11, and then be emitted outward from the output end 13 along a direction inclined to the central axis 14 to form a ring-shaped light spot with a regular shape and uniform energy distribution.

[0054] Furthermore, the angle between the centerline and the wall of the tapered input end 12 is 45-80 degrees. That is, in a cross-section passing through the central axis 14, the angle between the two hole walls is twice the angle between either hole wall and the central axis 14, i.e., the angle between the two side surfaces is 90-160 degrees. This allows the laser energy transmitted by the optical fiber body 11 to pass through with higher transmission efficiency, resulting in higher laser energy ultimately acting on the lesion, thereby improving the utilization rate of laser energy.

[0055] Further, in one embodiment, the angle between the center line and the wall of the tapered input terminal 12 is 45 degrees, that is, the angle between the two hole walls is 90 degrees; in another embodiment, the angle between the center line and the wall of the tapered input terminal 12 is 80 degrees, that is, the angle between the two hole walls is 160 degrees; in other embodiments, the angle between the two hole walls can also be any angle between 90 and 160 degrees, such as 100 degrees, 111 degrees, 134 degrees, 140 degrees, 155 degrees, etc., and will not be listed one by one here.

[0056] Furthermore, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 7As shown, when the input end 12 is in the shape of a tapered hole, the center line of the tapered input end 12 is deviated from the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11, and is parallel to or intersects the central axis 14.

[0057] Furthermore, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 10 As shown, when the input end 12 is conical, the axis 121 of the conical input end 12 coincides with the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11. This ensures that the input end 12 is a regular cone shape relative to the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11 and does not deviate from the central axis 14. Laser light entering the optical fiber body 11 from the input end 12 undergoes at least one total internal reflection at different positions within the optical fiber body 11 before being emitted outward from the output end 13 along a direction inclined to the central axis 14, forming a regularly shaped and uniformly energy-distributed annular light spot. This allows both the first annular light spot 20 and the second annular light spot 30 to provide stable and gentle treatment to the inner walls of varicose veins. The axis 121 is the line connecting the apex 122 and the center point 123 of the bottom surface of the conical output end 13.

[0058] Furthermore, the angle between the shaft 121 and the side of the conical input end 12 is 45-80 degrees. That is, in the cross-section passing through the central axis 14, the angle between the two side surfaces is twice the angle between either side surface and the central axis 14, i.e., the angle between the two side surfaces is 90-160 degrees. This allows the laser energy transmitted by the optical fiber body 11 to pass through with higher transmission efficiency, resulting in higher laser energy ultimately acting on the lesion site, thereby improving the utilization rate of laser energy.

[0059] Further, in one embodiment, the angle between the center line and the side of the conical input terminal 12 is 45 degrees, that is, the angle between the two side sides is 90 degrees; in another embodiment, the angle between the center line and the side of the conical input terminal 12 is 80 degrees, that is, the angle between the two side sides is 160 degrees; in other embodiments, the angle between the two side sides can also be any angle between 90 and 160 degrees, such as 100 degrees, 111 degrees, 134 degrees, 140 degrees, 155 degrees, etc., and will not be listed one by one here.

[0060] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 As shown, when the input end 12 is conical, the axis 121 of the conical input end 12 is offset from the central axis 14 of the optical fiber body 11, and is parallel to or intersects the central axis 14.

[0061] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the numerical aperture NA of the optical fiber body 11 is 0.2; in another embodiment, the numerical aperture of the optical fiber body 11 is 0.6; it is understood that in other embodiments, the numerical aperture NA of the optical fiber body 11 can also be any value between 0.2 and 0.6, such as 0.21, 0.25, 0.3, 0.37, 0.45, 0.55, 0.58, etc., which will not be listed one by one here.

[0062] It should be noted that the numerical aperture NA is determined by the fiber body 11 itself, but the size of the numerical aperture NA will determine the critical angle of the fiber body 11, and the larger the numerical aperture, the larger the corresponding critical angle. Therefore, even if some laser light can be refracted into the fiber body 11, because the maximum interior angle of the laser light propagating in the fiber body 11 exceeds the critical angle of the fiber body 11, the laser light cannot undergo total internal reflection at the interface between the fiber core and cladding in the fiber body 11. Therefore, the laser light will be lost in the fiber body 11. Conversely, if the maximum interior angle of the laser light propagating in the fiber body 11 is less than the critical angle of the fiber body 11, the laser light will undergo total internal reflection at the interface between the fiber core and cladding in the fiber body 11 and will eventually be emitted from the output end 13.

[0063] Furthermore, the connector 40 and the optical fiber body 11 are fixed together by adhesive. The lower the temperature of the optical fiber body 11, the better it is to maintain the adhesive bonding effect.

[0064] It should be noted that, depending on the degree of varicose veins, the power of the laser module can also be 2W, 5W, 6W, 8W, or 10W, and is not limited here.

[0065] In one embodiment, the length of the optical fiber body 11 can be set according to the length of varicose veins of different patients. Typically, the length of the optical fiber body 11 is between 1000mm and 3000mm, and is not limited here.

[0066] Furthermore, the diameter of the optical fiber body 11 can be set according to the diameter of the varicose veins and the degree of tortuosity of the veins in the patient. Typically, the diameter of the optical fiber body 11 is between 200μm and 1000μm, and is not limited here. It can be understood that the smaller the diameter of the optical fiber body 11, the smaller the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber body 11 and the better its bending resistance.

[0067] Furthermore, the laser wavelength output from the laser module to the fiber optic module is in the infrared band, and the laser wavelength range can be a single wavelength of 1470±20nm, so as to better control the treatment temperature during the treatment of varicose veins; in addition, the laser wavelength range can also be a combination of 1470±20nm and 980±20nm, or a dual wavelength combination of 1470±20nm and 1940±20nm; among them, the wavelength combination of 1470±20nm and 980±20nm can be used in the process of treating varicose veins with a 1470±20nm wavelength laser. Based on better control of the treatment temperature, the higher energy of the 980±20nm wavelength laser is fully utilized to improve treatment efficiency; the combination of 1470±20nm and 1940±20nm wavelengths can better control the treatment temperature during the treatment of varicose veins with the 1470±20nm wavelength laser, while fully utilizing the superior water absorption capacity of the 1940±20nm wavelength laser compared to 980±20nm and 1470±20nm. This reduces the incidence of complications and the probability of blood carbonization and vessel wall perforation while requiring less energy to close varicose veins.

[0068] Furthermore, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, the end face of the output end 13 is parallel to the plane containing the radial direction of the optical fiber body 11, so that the laser light emitted from the output end 13 will form a first annular spot 20. The optical fiber body 11 has at least one annular groove 113 along its circumference. The annular groove 113 can be formed by laser etching to create one or more rings. The annular groove 113 is close to the output end 13, and at least a portion of the laser light will be emitted from the annular groove 113 to form a second annular spot 30. This results in the optical fiber guide tube 100 in this embodiment forming a double-annular spot. Since more laser beams will be emitted from the output end 13, the energy of the first annular spot 20 is higher than that of the second annular spot. Therefore, when performing closure treatment on the varicose veins of a patient, the second annular spot 30 can be fully utilized for preheating treatment, so as to cooperate with the first annular spot 20 to distribute the laser energy and avoid excessive energy concentration in the first annular spot 20, thereby providing a gentler and more efficient treatment to the target varicose vein wall area.

[0069] Furthermore, the number of annular grooves 113 can be one or more, and is not limited here. The depth of the annular groove 113 does not exceed 15% of the diameter of the optical fiber body 11. The annular groove 113 can be processed using laser processing. For example, while the laser acts on the surface of the optical fiber body 11, the optical fiber body 11 is rotated at a uniform speed, so that the annular groove 113 is formed after one rotation. Laser processing of the annular groove 113 is a simple stepping process and avoids the need for a transparent protective cover on the conical output end 13 to achieve multiple ring spots, which leads to a complex structure of the output end 13 and requires the use of adhesive to bond multiple cones.

[0070] Specifically, when there is only one annular groove 113, the energy ratio of the first annular light spot 20 to the second annular light spot 30 is between 6:4 and 5:5; when there are multiple annular grooves 113, the energy ratio of the first annular light spot 20 to the multiple second annular light spots 30 is approximately 7:3, and the energy of the multiple second annular light spots 30 is basically the same. It can be understood that when there are two annular grooves 113, the energy ratio of the two second annular light spots 30 is approximately 1:1; when there are three annular grooves 113, the energy ratio of the three second annular light spots 30 is approximately 1:1:1; as for the case of more than one annular groove 113, they will not be listed here.

[0071] Further, please refer to Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the connector 40 is used to connect the fiber optic module to the laser module of the host, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser module can be directed towards the fiber optic module.

[0072] The connector 40 is connected to the optical fiber body 11 and close to the input end 12. The connection between the connector 40 and the optical fiber body 11 and the corresponding portion of the optical fiber body 11 and the connector 40 to the input end 12 is not in contact. This creates a heat dissipation space 50 between the portion of the optical fiber body 11 close to the input end 12 and the corresponding connector 40, thereby enabling the input end 12 to efficiently dissipate heat and reduce its temperature when receiving a laser beam.

[0073] Furthermore, the connector 40 is an ST connector 40 or an SMA connector 40. When the fiber optic module is connected to the laser module through the ST connector 40 or the SMA connector 40, the position of the input end 12 relative to the laser module remains unchanged. Since the laser beam emitted from the laser module is not a circular spot, but typically an elliptical or nearly circular irregular spot, and the energy of the spot is not uniformly distributed, and since the end face of the input end 12 is a conical or tapered aperture, the axial rotation of the fiber optic module can affect the optimal incident area of ​​the input end 12. Therefore, using the ST connector 40 or the SMA connector 40 can fix the angle between the input end 12 and the laser module, thereby ensuring that the fiber optic module always receives the laser beam emitted by the laser module at the same angle. This ensures that the incident laser beam falls entirely within the optimal incident area of ​​the input end and that the energy of the laser beam received each time from a laser module of the same power is essentially the same, thus guaranteeing the stability of the spot energy.

[0074] Further, please refer to Figure 13-14 As shown, the end face of the input end 12 is provided with an antireflection film 60. The antireflection film 60 is used to increase the proportion of laser light emitted by the laser module that is refracted from the end face of the input end 12 into the optical fiber body 11, thereby reducing the reflection ratio of the laser light, so that more laser light can enter the optical fiber body 11 for total internal reflection, thereby improving the utilization rate of the laser beam, and further improving the energy of the annular spot, so as to improve the treatment efficiency.

[0075] Please refer to the following: Figure 8-9 As shown, the optical fiber body 11 includes a first segment 111 and a second segment 112. The first segment 111 and the second segment 112 are connected by a connector 40 or an optical fiber patch cord. The end of the first segment 111 away from the second segment 112 is the input end 12, and the end of the second segment 112 away from the first segment 111 is the output end 13.

[0076] By configuring the optical fiber body 11 to consist of a first segment 111 and a second segment 112 connected together, the second segment 112 can directly use an existing optical fiber with a planar or spherical output end 13, while the first segment 111 uses an optical fiber with a tapered or conical input end 12. This avoids the high processing difficulty caused by the need for high-precision polishing of the input end 12 and the output end 13 separately for the integrated optical fiber body 11, and the problem of not being able to quickly replace the output end 13 because it needs to be cleaned after each treatment before it can be reused. Therefore, by configuring the first segment 111 and the second segment 112, the processing difficulty of the optical fiber module can be reduced, and the second segment 112 can be quickly replaced, so that the first segment 111 can be reused and the optical fiber module after the second segment 112 has been replaced can be used directly.

[0077] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first segment 111 is fixedly connected to the connector 40, which is used to connect to the host, thereby ensuring that the first segment 111 and the connector 40 maintain a relative position. This allows the input end 12 located on the first segment 111 to maintain a relative position with the host, ensuring that the laser output by the host is refracted into the first segment 111 from the same area on the input end 12 each time. This allows the laser to be transmitted to the second segment 112 with a stable transmission efficiency, and output from the output end 13 of the second segment 112 to form the first annular spot 20 and the second annular spot 30.

[0078] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first segment 111 is coupled to the host. Therefore, the first segment 111 remains relatively stationary with respect to the host and is fixed to the host. This avoids the need to adjust the relative angle between the input end 12 and the host every time the fiber optic module is connected to the host. Thus, after adjusting the angle of the input end 12 relative to the host for the first time, the desired two ring-shaped light spots output from the output end 13 can be obtained.

[0079] The second segment 112 is connected to the host via connector 40, so that the second segment 112 is connected to the first segment 111, thereby enabling the laser energy transmitted by the first segment 111 to continue to be transmitted through the second segment 112 and output from the output terminal 13 on the second segment 112.

[0080] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the numerical aperture of the first segment 111 is less than or equal to the numerical aperture of the second segment 112, so that the laser emitted from the first segment 111 toward the second segment 112 can enter the second segment 112 and undergo total internal reflection within the second segment 112, thereby ensuring that the laser emitted from the output end 13 of the second segment 112 can form the first annular spot 20 and the second annular spot 30.

[0081] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the diameter of the first segment 111 is less than or equal to the diameter of the second segment 112, thereby preventing the laser emitted from the first segment 111 from leaking at the connection between the first segment 111 and the second segment 112, thus ensuring that all the laser transmitted by the first segment 111 can enter the second segment 112, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency of the optical fiber.

[0082] On the other hand, please see Figure 1-14 As shown, this application also provides a laser ablation device, which includes the fiber optic conduit 100 described in any of the above claims. Therefore, the laser ablation device possesses all the aforementioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0083] Furthermore, the laser ablation device also includes a main unit. The main unit is connected to the fiber optic conduit 100, and includes a laser module and a control module. The control module controls the laser module to output a laser beam to the fiber optic conduit 100, such that at least a portion of the output laser beam is refracted from the end face of the input end 12 into the fiber optic body 11, and then emitted from the output end 13 to form a ring-shaped light spot.

[0084] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0085] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0086] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An optical fiber duct, characterized in that, The optical fiber conduit includes an optical fiber module, which includes an optical fiber body, an input end, and an output end. The input end and the output end are located at opposite ends of the optical fiber body along the extension direction of the optical fiber body. The input end is used to allow laser light emitted by the laser source to enter the optical fiber body, and the output end is used to allow laser light passing through the optical fiber body to exit. The input end is in the shape of a conical hole or a cone, so that the laser emitted from the output end is in a ring shape.

2. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the output end is parallel to the plane containing the radial direction of the optical fiber body, so that the laser emitted from the output end is in a single ring shape; Alternatively, the end face of the output end is spherical, so that the laser emitted from the output end is double-ringed.

3. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the input end is in the form of a tapered aperture, the center line of the tapered input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

4. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the centerline and the wall of the tapered input end is 45-80 degrees.

5. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the input end is conical, the axis of the conical input end coincides with the central axis of the optical fiber body.

6. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the shaft and the conical side of the input end is 45-80 degrees.

7. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical fiber body has at least one annular groove along its circumference, and the annular groove is close to the output end so that part of the laser is emitted from the annular groove to form an annular light spot.

8. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic conduit also includes a connector for connecting the fiber optic module to the host, wherein the connector is connected to the fiber optic body and close to the input end, and the fiber optic body and the connector are not in contact between the connection point of the connector and the fiber optic body and the input end.

9. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end face is provided with an anti-reflection membrane.

10. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical fiber body includes a first segment and a second segment, which are connected by a connector or an optical fiber patch cord. The end of the first segment away from the second segment is the input end, and the end of the second segment away from the first segment is the output end.

11. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The numerical aperture of the first segment is less than or equal to the numerical aperture of the second segment.

12. The optical fiber conduit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The diameter of the first segment is less than or equal to the diameter of the second segment.

13. A laser ablation device, characterized in that, The laser ablation device includes the fiber optic conduit as described in any one of claims 1-12; and The host is connected to the optical fiber conduit, and the host includes a laser module and a control module. The control module is used to control the laser module to output a laser beam to the optical fiber conduit.

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