A low-voltage battery-free power supply system for a vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of automobile power supply systems without low-voltage battery, including power battery, charging interface battery management module, high-voltage distribution module, voltage reduction circuit module and low-voltage distribution module, further including first switch unit, second switch unit, third switch unit, variable voltage circuit module and control module.The application designs bypass power supply circuit, and the state of vehicle is detected to switch power supply mode, when vehicle is in the state of parking charging, system switches to by external charging pile directly to the air conditioner compressor and other low-voltage equipment of vehicle power supply, power battery only charges not to discharge at this time;When vehicle is not inserted charging pile charging, system switches to by power battery to air conditioner compressor and other low-voltage electrical equipment power supply.Through the scheme, the condition that power battery appears can be avoided to charge and discharge, reduce the charging load in battery, to delay battery attenuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive electrical technology, specifically to an automotive power supply system without a low-voltage battery. Background Technology

[0002] Modern electric vehicles are equipped with both a power battery (also called a high-voltage battery pack) and a low-voltage battery. The power battery supplies power to high-voltage electrical equipment such as the drive motors of the wheels and the air conditioning compressor, while the low-voltage battery supplies power to low-voltage electrical equipment such as lights, instruments, and controllers.

[0003] Since low-voltage batteries are generally located in the front or rear compartment, they occupy the layout space of various controllers in the compartment, increasing the design difficulty of the compartment layout.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN202223318231.6 discloses a power distribution circuit without a low-voltage battery, comprising: a power battery and a DC / DC circuit. The power battery is connected to the DC / DC circuit and is used to supply power to the devices to be powered in the electric vehicle through the DC / DC circuit. This patent eliminates the need for a vehicle-mounted low-voltage battery, utilizing the power battery to achieve a low-voltage power distribution solution. This saves space occupied by the vehicle-mounted battery, which is beneficial for the layout, organization, and simplification of the vehicle's electronic control system.

[0005] Currently, some owners of new energy vehicles like to run the air conditioning while charging. Since the air conditioning compressor is directly powered by the battery, this results in the battery being charged while simultaneously discharging. In the long run, frequently running the air conditioning while charging can negatively impact the electric vehicle's battery, increasing the internal charging load and accelerating battery degradation. These issues need to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0006] Based on the above description, this utility model provides a vehicle power supply system without low-voltage batteries to eliminate the adverse effects of running the air conditioner on the power battery of electric vehicles when charging new energy vehicles.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A vehicle power supply system without a low-voltage battery includes a power battery, a charging interface battery management module, a high-voltage power distribution module, a step-down circuit module, and a low-voltage power distribution module. It also includes a first switching unit, a second switching unit, a third switching unit, a transformer circuit module, and a control module. The first switching unit has one input and two outputs; the step-down circuit module has two inputs and one output. The input terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the charging interface; the first output terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the first input terminal of the step-down circuit module; the second output terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the input terminal of the transformer circuit module; and the output terminal of the transformer circuit module is connected to the power port of the air conditioning compressor. The input terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage power distribution module, and the output terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the second input terminal of the step-down circuit module. The signal output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module, and each control signal output terminal of the control module is connected to the control ports of the first switching unit, the second switching unit, the third switching unit, the step-down circuit module, and the transformer circuit module, respectively.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment: when the charging port is not plugged into the charging gun and the battery management module does not detect that the power battery is charging, the second and third switching units are in the on state and the first switching unit is in the off state; when the charging port is plugged into the charging gun and the battery management module detects that the power battery has started charging, the battery management module sends a "switching" signal to the control module. After receiving the "switching" signal, the control module sends control signals to the first, second, and third switching units, causing the first switching unit to change from off to on, and the second and third switching units to change from on to off.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a slope sensor installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the slope sensor is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module. The slope sensor is used to detect the slope of the road. During vehicle operation, the slope sensor detects the slope value of the road surface in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module. At the same time, the control module collects the remaining power of the power battery from the battery management module in real time. When the road slope is greater than a preset slope value and the vehicle is going uphill, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a preset power value, the control module controls the second switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes an acceleration sensor installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the acceleration sensor is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module. The acceleration sensor is used to detect the vehicle's acceleration. During vehicle operation, the acceleration sensor detects the vehicle's acceleration value in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module. At the same time, the control module collects the remaining power of the power battery from the battery management module in real time. When the vehicle's acceleration is greater than a preset acceleration value and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a preset power value, the control module controls the second switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a pressure sensor installed on the vehicle seat to detect whether there is a person on the seat. The signal output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the sampling signal input terminal of the control module. The pressure sensor detects the pressure signal on the seat and feeds back the detection result to the control module. When an external charging station is charging the vehicle, the power supply system switches to the charging station directly supplying power to the low-voltage power distribution module of the air conditioning compressor. In this state, when the air conditioning compressor is running and the pressure of the human body on the pressure sensor disappears, the control module starts timing. If the pressure of the human body is not detected again within a preset time, the control module controls the first switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: This application designs a bypass power supply circuit, which switches the power supply mode by detecting the vehicle's status. When the vehicle is parked and charging, the system switches to supplying power directly to the vehicle's air conditioning compressor and other low-voltage equipment from the external charging pile, at which time the power battery only charges and does not discharge; when the vehicle is not plugged into the charging pile, the system switches to supplying power to the air conditioning compressor and other low-voltage electrical equipment from the power battery. This solution can avoid the power battery from charging and discharging simultaneously, reducing the internal charging load of the battery and thus delaying battery degradation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is the electrical schematic diagram of the power supply system in this embodiment.

[0015] 1. Charging interface; 2. Power battery; 3. Battery management module; 4. High-voltage power distribution module; 5. Motor controller; 6. Drive motor; 7. Air conditioning compressor; 8. Step-down circuit module; 9. Low-voltage power distribution module; 10. Instrument; 11. Light; 12. First switching unit; 13. Control module; 14. Transformer circuit module; 15. Second switching unit; 16. Third switching unit; 17. Slope sensor; 18. Acceleration sensor; 19. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Reference Figure 1A vehicle power supply system without a low-voltage battery includes a power battery 2, a charging interface 1, a battery management module 3, a high-voltage power distribution module 4, a step-down circuit module 8, and a low-voltage power distribution module 9.

[0017] Charging interface 1 is connected to the charging port of power battery 2. The input terminal of battery management module 3 is connected to the discharge port of power battery 2, and the output terminal of battery management module 3 is connected to the input terminal of high-voltage power distribution module 4. Battery management module 3 is used to control the charging and discharging of power battery 2 and monitor the status of power battery 2 (including charging and discharging voltage, charging and discharging current, and power information of power battery 2). The output terminal of high-voltage power distribution module 4 is connected to motor controller 5, and the drive signal output terminal of motor controller 5 is connected to drive motor 6. Motor controller 5 is used to control the operation of drive motor 6. The output terminal of step-down circuit module 8 is connected to the input terminal of low-voltage power distribution module 9. The output terminal of low-voltage power distribution module 9 is used to supply power to in-vehicle instrument panel 10, lights 11, or other low-voltage electrical equipment.

[0018] The system also includes a first switching unit 12, a second switching unit 15, a third switching unit 16, a transformer circuit module 14, and a control module 13. The first switching unit 12 has one input and two outputs, and the step-down circuit module 8 has two inputs and one output. The input terminal of the first switching unit 12 is connected to the charging interface 1, the first output terminal of the first switching unit 12 is connected to the first input terminal of the step-down circuit module 8, the second output terminal of the first switching unit 12 is connected to the input terminal of the transformer circuit module 14, and the output terminal of the transformer circuit module 14 is connected to the power port of the air conditioning compressor 7. The input terminal of the third switching unit 16 is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage power distribution module 4, and the output terminal of the third switching unit 16 is connected to the second input terminal of the step-down circuit module 8.

[0019] The signal output terminal of the battery management module 3 is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module 13, with the former used to send battery status information to the latter. Each control signal output terminal of the control module 13 is connected to the control ports of the first switching unit 12, the second switching unit 15, the third switching unit 16, the buck converter module 8, and the transformer module 14, respectively. The control module 13 is used to control the switching states of the first switching unit 12, the second switching unit 15, and the third switching unit 16, and to control the buck converter module 8 and the transformer module 14.

[0020] The working principle of this power supply system is as follows:

[0021] When the charging port 1 is not plugged into the charging gun and the battery management module 3 does not detect that the power battery 2 is charging, the second switch unit 15 and the third switch unit 16 are in the on state and the first switch unit 12 is in the off state. In this state, when the driver turns on the vehicle's air conditioning, the power battery 2 supplies power to the high-voltage power distribution module 4 through the battery management module 3, and the high-voltage power distribution module 4 then distributes the required power to the air conditioning compressor 7. At the same time, the step-down circuit module 8 steps down the power output from the high-voltage power distribution module 4 and outputs the required low-voltage power to the low-voltage power distribution module 9; that is, when the vehicle is not charging, the power battery 2 supplies power to the air conditioning compressor 7 and the low-voltage equipment in the vehicle.

[0022] When the charging port 1 is plugged into the charging gun, and the battery management module 3 detects that the power battery 2 has started charging, the battery management module 3 sends a "switching" signal to the control module 13. The "switching" signal contains the charging voltage of the power battery 2, i.e., the output voltage of the external charging pile. After receiving the "switching" signal, the control module 13 sends control signals to the first switch unit 12, the second switch unit 15, and the third switch unit 16, causing the first switch unit 12 to change from off to on, and the second switch unit 15 and the third switch unit 16 to change from on to off. At this time, the connection between the high-voltage power distribution module 4 and the air conditioning compressor 7 is cut off, the connection between the high-voltage power distribution module 4 and the step-down circuit module 8 is cut off, and the transformer circuit module 14 is connected to the charging port 1.

[0023] During charging, the external charging gun simultaneously charges the power battery 2 and supplies power to the transformer circuit module 14 and the buck circuit module 8. The control module 13 sends a control signal to the transformer circuit module 14, which then transforms the external charging voltage and outputs the required operating voltage to the air conditioning compressor 7. Simultaneously, the buck circuit module 8 reduces the external charging voltage and outputs the required low-voltage power to the low-voltage distribution module 9. Therefore, during charging, when the driver turns on the vehicle's air conditioning, the external charging station supplies power to the air conditioning compressor 7 and the vehicle's low-voltage electrical equipment. This avoids simultaneous charging and discharging of the power battery 2, reducing the internal charging load and thus slowing down battery degradation.

[0024] The power supply system in this embodiment also includes a slope sensor 17 installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the slope sensor 17 is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module 13. The slope sensor 17 is used to detect the slope of the road. During vehicle operation, the slope sensor 17 detects the slope value of the road surface in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module 13. At the same time, the control module 13 collects the remaining power of the power battery 2 from the battery management module 3 in real time. When the road slope is greater than the preset slope value and the vehicle is going uphill, and the remaining power of the power battery 2 is lower than the preset power value, the control module 13 controls the second switch unit 15 to switch from the on state to the off state. At this time, the power battery 2 stops supplying power to the air conditioning compressor 7. The purpose of this measure is to cut off the power supply of the air conditioning compressor 7 when the power battery 2 has a low power and the vehicle needs a large driving load to climb the hill, so as to avoid the air conditioning compressor 7 consuming the power of the power battery 2 at this time, and ensure that the power battery 2 can output sufficient driving power to the drive motor 6 so that the vehicle can climb the hill smoothly.

[0025] The power supply system in this embodiment also includes an acceleration sensor 18 installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the acceleration sensor 18 is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module 13. The acceleration sensor 18 is used to detect the vehicle's acceleration. During vehicle operation, the acceleration sensor 18 detects the vehicle's acceleration value in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module 13. At the same time, the control module 13 collects the remaining power of the power battery 2 from the battery management module 3 in real time. When the vehicle's acceleration is greater than a preset acceleration value and the remaining power of the power battery 2 is lower than a preset power value, the control module 13 controls the second switch unit 15 to switch from the on state to the off state. At this time, the power battery 2 stops supplying power to the air conditioning compressor 7. The purpose of this measure is to cut off the power supply to the air conditioning compressor 7 when the power battery 2 has a low power and the vehicle requires a large driving load during rapid acceleration, so as to avoid the air conditioning compressor 7 consuming the power of the power battery 2 at this time, and ensure that the power battery 2 can output sufficient driving power to the drive motor 6 so that the vehicle can smoothly complete rapid acceleration.

[0026] The power supply system in this embodiment also includes a pressure sensor 19 installed on the vehicle seat. The pressure sensor 19 is used to detect whether there is a person on the seat. The signal output terminal of the pressure sensor 19 is connected to the sampling signal input terminal of the control module 13. The pressure sensor 19 detects the pressure signal on the seat and feeds back the detection result to the control module 13.

[0027] When an external charging station is charging the vehicle, the power supply system switches to directly supply power to the low-voltage power distribution module 9 of the air conditioning compressor 7. In this state, when the pressure on the human body on the pressure sensor 19 disappears while the air conditioning compressor 7 is running, the control module 13 starts timing. If the pressure is not detected again within a preset time, the control module 13 controls the first switch unit 12 to switch from the on state to the off state. This measure automatically cuts off the power supply from the charging gun to the air conditioning compressor 7 when the vehicle is charging and the occupants leave the vehicle and forget to turn off the air conditioning, thus reducing energy waste.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vehicle power supply system without a low-voltage battery, comprising a power battery, a charging interface battery management module, a high-voltage power distribution module, a step-down circuit module, and a low-voltage power distribution module, characterized in that: It also includes a first switching unit, a second switching unit, a third switching unit, a transformer circuit module, and a control module; the first switching unit has one input and two outputs, the step-down circuit module has two inputs and one output, the input terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the charging interface, the first output terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the first input terminal of the step-down circuit module, the second output terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the input terminal of the transformer circuit module, and the output terminal of the transformer circuit module is connected to the power port of the air conditioner compressor; the input terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage power distribution module, and the output terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the second input terminal of the step-down circuit module; the signal output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module, and each control signal output terminal of the control module is connected to the control ports of the first switching unit, the second switching unit, the third switching unit, the step-down circuit module, and the transformer circuit module, respectively.

2. The automotive power supply system without a low-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the charging port is not plugged into the charging gun and the battery management module does not detect that the power battery is charging, the second and third switching units are in the on state and the first switching unit is in the off state. When the charging port is plugged into the charging gun and the battery management module detects that the power battery has started charging, the battery management module sends a "switch" signal to the control module. After receiving the "switch" signal, the control module sends control signals to the first, second, and third switching units, causing the first switching unit to change from off to on, and the second and third switching units to change from on to off.

3. The automotive power supply system without a low-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slope sensor installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the slope sensor is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module. The slope sensor is used to detect the slope of the road. During vehicle operation, the slope sensor detects the slope value of the road surface in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module. At the same time, the control module collects the remaining power of the power battery from the battery management module in real time. When the road slope is greater than the preset slope value and the vehicle is going uphill, and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than the preset power value, the control module controls the second switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

4. The automotive power supply system without a low-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an acceleration sensor installed on the vehicle. The signal output terminal of the acceleration sensor is connected to the signal sampling terminal of the control module. The acceleration sensor is used to detect the acceleration of the vehicle. During the vehicle's operation, the acceleration sensor detects the vehicle's acceleration value in real time and feeds the detection result back to the control module. At the same time, the control module collects the remaining power of the power battery from the battery management module in real time. When the vehicle's acceleration is greater than a preset acceleration value and the remaining power of the power battery is lower than a preset power value, the control module controls the second switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

5. The automotive power supply system without a low-voltage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure sensor installed on the seat inside the vehicle, which is used to detect whether there is a person on the seat; the signal output terminal of the pressure sensor is connected to the sampling signal input terminal of the control module, the pressure sensor detects the pressure signal on the seat and feeds back the detection result to the control module; when the external charging pile charges the vehicle, the power supply system switches to the charging pile directly supplying power to the low-voltage power distribution module of the air conditioning compressor; In this state, when the pressure on the human body disappears from the pressure sensor while the air conditioner compressor is running, the control module starts timing. If the pressure on the human body is not detected again within the preset time, the control module controls the first switch unit to switch from the on state to the off state.

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