Auxiliary measuring device for improving the precision of ground subsidence layering monitoring

Abstract

The utility model discloses an auxiliary measuring device for improving ground subsidence layered mark monitoring precision, its device is fixed through the hoop and is installed on the staff of ground subsidence layered mark, the front end welding of hoop has the sleeve pipe, the inner wall of sleeve pipe and L type bend pipe one end are connected through the way of inner wall sticking inlay, the other end inner wall of L type bend pipe sticks in movable joint and has the support pipe, the support pipe front end welding has the positioning steel sheet, the positioning steel sheet is used to install and fix the matched bar code ruler board that can be identified by electronic level gauge, and horizontal bubble 6 is fixedly installed to the steel sheet upper end rear side, horizontal bubble 6 can be adjusted level through the bubble of three screws in triangle. The utility model installs after, can eliminate the operation of hand holding the level of traditional level surveying work, and the implementation test finds that data quality has obvious improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geological monitoring technology, specifically to an auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground subsidence stratification monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] 1. Background Introduction to Ground Subsidence

[0003] Ground subsidence is a slowly occurring geological hazard. It is a geological phenomenon caused by the compression and deformation of strata under the influence of natural and human factors, resulting in a decrease in the elevation of the Earth's crust. Differential ground subsidence causes changes in the surface morphology, leading to deformation and damage to municipal engineering projects such as gas pipelines, water pipes, and underground drainage pipes; relative subsidence of bridges and roadbeds; and water accumulation after rain. At the same time, uneven settlement of building foundations leads to geological hazards such as foundation sinking, building cracking, roadbed subsidence and damage, well pipe rising, and damage to underground pipelines.

[0004] Therefore, long-term monitoring of ground subsidence is necessary to develop prevention and control measures and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

[0005] 2. Introduction to Ground Settlement Stratification

[0006] Ground settlement stratification is the most fundamental method for understanding the dynamic settlement patterns of aquifers at different depths. Stratification markers are ground leveling observation marks buried in loose soil layers at different depths, providing a vertical view of stratum deformation at different depths. Mechanical stratification markers consist of a marker rod, marker base, protective tube, and centralizer. The marker base is fixed to the target stratum, and the marker base, marker rod, and marker points are connected in series via rigid connections, reflecting the vertical deformation of the target stratum onto the marker rod. The protective tube is fixedly coupled to the target stratum above, eliminating interference from frictional forces caused by deformation above the target stratum. A centralizer inside the protective tube ensures smooth vertical movement of the marker rod. When vertical deformation occurs in the stratum, the marker rod changes height accordingly. By measuring and observing the height changes of the marker rod over a long period, the main strata of ground settlement can be determined. Measurement markers are fixedly installed on the stratified marker poles. The markers are usually semicircles or spheres, which are used to ensure that the bottom of the ruler can always be in the same position (i.e., the highest point of the semicircle or sphere) when measuring the elevation of the stratified marker poles.

[0007] 3. Leveling measurement of ground settlement stratification

[0008] The leveling work for ground settlement stratification was carried out in accordance with the technical requirements of the "National First and Second Order Leveling Measurement Specifications" (GB / T 12897-2006). Traditional surveying generally uses an electronic level and a matching barcode indium steel tape. The measurement typically uses the deepest mark in the stratified group as the benchmark, setting a benchmark elevation, and then measuring the relative elevation values ​​of the remaining marks. The elevation values ​​are calculated to the nearest 0.01 mm. By comparing the changes in the relative elevation of each stratified mark at different time periods, the settlement variation of each layer is calculated.

[0009] The conventional leveling method first requires the surveyor to manually place the base of the invar steel leveling rod on the measurement marker of the deepest level, adjusting it vertically and horizontally to keep the bubble behind the rod centered and maintain its levelness. Meanwhile, another person uses an electronic level to observe and record the readings, which are then set as the baseline elevation. This process is repeated to measure the relative elevations of other levels. The quality of the measurement is generally judged by three aspects: setting the instrument to take three readings and checking the SR value of each reading; re-measuring the deepest level elevation after the measurement is completed to check if it meets the closure requirements; and comparing the elevation values ​​after at least two measurements. Specifically, the SR value is the maximum difference between the average of the three instrument readings and the three readings; the difference in the closure elevation value is generally controlled to be no more than 0.1 mm from the set baseline elevation; and the difference between the two measured elevation values ​​is no more than 0.2 mm.

[0010] 3. Measurement error principle and working principle of auxiliary measuring device

[0011] The principle behind reading an electronic level is to acquire the barcode segment of the invar steel tape within the field of view using the upper, middle, and lower wires inside the lens, and compare it with the instrument's internal database to obtain the reading. Because it relies on optical imaging for reading, any movement or tilting of the tape will cause corresponding distortion in the image, inevitably affecting the accuracy of the electronic level reading. Significantly, when the tape is tilted towards the instrument, the measurement result will be noticeably smaller; when the tape is tilted away from the instrument, the measurement result will be noticeably larger. Furthermore, differences in the angle at which the measuring personnel observe the bubble level behind the invar steel tape, due to their measurement habits, will also introduce human error into the measurement results. Utility Model Content

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring, thereby addressing the issues raised in the background art where the measurement result becomes significantly smaller when the ruler is tilted towards the instrument and significantly larger when it is tilted away from the instrument. Furthermore, human error in measurement results can also occur due to variations in the angle at which the measuring personnel observe the horizontal bubble behind the invar steel ruler, resulting from their different measuring habits.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: It includes a first screw, a second screw, and a clamp fixedly installed on the upper end of a ground settlement stratification marker pole. A sleeve is welded to the front end of the clamp. The inner wall of the sleeve is connected to one end of an L-shaped bend via an inner wall fitting and embedding method. A support pipe is movably connected to the inner wall of the other end of the L-shaped bend. A positioning steel plate is welded to the front end of the support pipe. A level bubble is fixedly installed on the upper end of the positioning steel plate. The positioning steel plate is used to install and fix a matching barcode ruler plate that can be recognized by an electronic level. A level bubble is fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper end of the steel plate. The level bubble can be adjusted horizontally using three screws arranged in a triangle.

[0014] Preferably, the clamp is fixed to the layered marker rod by screws and nuts.

[0015] Preferably, the L-shaped bend is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the sleeve has vertical threads for adjusting the Y-axis direction. After the adjustment is completed, the sleeve is fastened to the L-shaped bend using the first screw.

[0017] Preferably, the inner wall of the other end of the L-shaped bend is movably connected to the inner wall of the support tube, and the other end of the L-shaped bend is provided with a vertical thread for adjusting the X-axis direction. After the adjustment is completed, the L-shaped bend and the support tube are fastened together using the second screw and the third screw.

[0018] Preferably, before installing the horizontal bubble, ensure that the positioning steel plate is vertical. When the steel plate is in a vertical and horizontal state, adjust the three screws of the horizontal bubble base in a triangular shape to center the bubble and fix it with acrylic glue. This is to ensure the vertical and horizontal state of the steel plate during installation and to observe its stability afterward.

[0019] Preferably, the positioning steel plate has positioning threads on both sides, which are used to fix the matching barcode ruler plate to the positioning steel plate with screws.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] This invention uses a bent pipe and a sleeve to adjust the vertical angle of the positioning steel plate, and simultaneously uses a bent pipe and a support pipe to adjust the horizontal angle of the positioning steel plate. By adjusting both vertically and horizontally, the verticality and horizontality of the positioning steel plate can be guaranteed. This ensures a stable and consistent level by connecting and fixing the device to the layer marker rod and adjusting the positioning steel plate to a perfectly horizontal position in both directions. After installing this device on each layer marker in the marker group, a matching barcode for a customized measuring instrument can be fixed to the positioning steel plate. During measurement, no manual leveling is required; leveling monitoring can be performed directly, eliminating the influence of human error. Through simultaneous testing and comparison of barcode readings from the device and manual leveling, when measuring with this device, the error of three readings after adjustment is no greater than 0.01mm; the two closed-loop readings are essentially the same, with an error no greater than 0.02mm; in a one-year long-sequence observation data, the trends of both methods are the same, and the data curves show less fluctuation compared to those obtained with manual leveling. After eliminating the error factor of manual leveling, the data quality is significantly improved.

[0022] This invention also allows for the pre-adjustment of a fixed level bubble 6 to periodically observe whether the level of the positioning steel plate is stable, facilitating subsequent adjustments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary measuring device of this utility model for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Clamp; 2. Sleeve; 3. L-shaped bend; 4. Support pipe; 5. Positioning steel plate; 6. Horizontal bubble; 7. Matching barcode ruler; 8. Screw and nut; 9. First screw; 10. Second screw; 11. Third screw; 12. Positioning thread. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please see Figure 1This utility model provides a technical solution for an auxiliary measuring device to improve the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring: it includes a clamp 1 fixedly installed on the upper end of the ground settlement stratification marker pole, a sleeve 2 welded to the front end of the clamp 1, the inner wall of the sleeve 2 being connected to one end of an L-shaped bend 3 by means of inner wall fitting and embedding, a support pipe 4 being movably connected to the inner wall of the other end of the L-shaped bend 3, a positioning steel plate 5 welded to the front end of the support pipe 4, the positioning steel plate 5 being used to install and fix a matching barcode ruler 7 that can be identified by an electronic level, a horizontal bubble 6 being fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper end of the steel plate, the horizontal bubble 6 being adjusted horizontally by three screws arranged in a triangle, the clamp 1 being fixed to the stratification marker pole by screws and nuts 8, the L-shaped bend 3 being embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 2, and the angle of the Y-axis and the Y-axis direction being adjusted by rotation, the sleeve 2 having a vertical thread for adjusting the Y-axis direction, after the adjustment is completed, the sleeve 2 and the L-shaped bend 3 are fastened by the first screw 9;

[0027] The inner wall of the other end of the L-shaped bend 3 is movably connected to the inner wall of the support tube 4, and the angle of the Y-axis and Y-axis direction can be adjusted by rotation. The other end of the L-shaped bend 3 has a vertical thread for adjusting the X-axis direction. After the work is completed, the L-shaped bend 3 and the support tube 4 are fastened with the second screw 10 and the third screw 11. The positioning steel plate 5 welded to the front end of the support tube 4 is fixedly installed with a horizontal bubble 6. Before installing the horizontal bubble 6, ensure that the positioning steel plate 5 is vertical. When the steel plate 5 is in a vertical and horizontal state, adjust the three screws of the triangular base of the horizontal bubble 6 to center the bubble, and fix it with acrylic glue to ensure the vertical and horizontal state of the steel plate during the installation process and to observe its stability afterward. The positioning steel plate 5 has positioning threads 12 on both sides. The positioning threads 12 are used to fix the matching barcode ruler 7 to the positioning steel plate 5 with screws.

[0028] Working Principle: In use, the device is connected and fixed to the layer marker rod. This utility model uses the L-shaped bend 3 and sleeve 2 to adjust the vertical angle of the positioning steel plate 5, and simultaneously uses the L-shaped bend 3 and support pipe 4 to adjust the horizontal angle of the positioning steel plate 5. Through these vertical and horizontal adjustments, the positioning steel plate 5 can be adjusted to a perfectly vertical and horizontal level. Tightening the first screw 9, second screw 10, and third screw 11 ensures the positioning steel plate 5 remains stable due to intermetallic friction. After this device is installed on each layer marker in the marker group, a matching barcode aluminum plate for the measuring instrument can be fixed to the positioning steel plate 5. During measurement, no manual leveling is required, eliminating the influence of human error. Through simultaneous testing and comparison of barcode ruler readings monitored by the device and manual ruler re-monitoring, when measuring with this device, the error of three readings after adjustment is no greater than 0.01 mm; the two closed-loop readings are basically the same, with an error of no more than 0.02 mm; in the one-year long-sequence observation data, the trends of both are the same, and the data curve fluctuates less compared with the results of manual ruler monitoring. After eliminating the error factor of manual ruler monitoring, the data quality is significantly improved.

[0029] Because the steel plate was leveled and sealed before installation, the horizontal bubble 6 will be centered when the positioning steel plate 5 is level. Therefore, the stability of the leveling state of the positioning steel plate 5 can be observed by looking at the horizontal bubble 6.

[0030] Before assembling and fixing the device, the positioning steel plate 5 needs to be leveled and fixed horizontally and vertically. The three triangular screws under the horizontal bubble 6 on the back of the steel plate should be adjusted to ensure that the positioning steel plate 5 is level and vertical and the horizontal bubble 6 on the back is centered. Then, glue should be applied to the screws to fix them in place.

[0031] During assembly, clamp 1 securely connects the entire device to the layered leveling rod. The friction between the metal components ensures that the auxiliary device remains vertically stable relative to the leveling rod after clamp 1 is tightened. The L-shaped bend 3, a crucial central element for adjusting the positioning steel plate 5, is fitted with sleeve 2 at one end and support tube 4 at the other, both ends having threads for screw tightening. Rotation between the L-shaped bend 3, sleeve 2, and support tube 4 allows for cross-sectional adjustment of the positioning steel plate 5, ensuring it is perfectly level in both vertical and horizontal directions. Once level, the threaded screws at the connection points are tightened to maintain the device's horizontal position. The positioning steel plate 5 is secured to the barcode-covered aluminum plate of the matching electronic level using screws and nuts 8, and once fixed, it does not require disassembly. Only periodic checks of the level bubble 6 behind the positioning steel plate 5 are needed to ensure it remains level.

[0032] Therefore, when conducting leveling observations, it is no longer necessary to consider the human error factors caused by manually holding the rod, and leveling work can be carried out directly facing the positioning steel plate.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring, characterized in that: Includes a first screw (9), a second screw (10), and a clamp (1) fixedly installed on the upper end of the ground settlement stratification marker pole. The front end of the clamp (1) is welded with a sleeve (2). The inner wall of the sleeve (2) is connected to one end of an L-shaped bend (3) by fitting and embedding the inner wall. The other end of the L-shaped bend (3) is movably connected to a support pipe (4). The front end of the support pipe (4) is welded with a positioning steel plate (5). A horizontal bubble (6) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the positioning steel plate (5). The positioning steel plate is used to install and fix a matching barcode ruler plate (7) that can be identified by an electronic level. A horizontal bubble (6) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the upper end of the steel plate. The horizontal bubble (6) can be adjusted horizontally by three screws arranged in a triangle.

2. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp (1) is fixed to the layered marker rod by screws and nuts (8).

3. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The L-shaped bend (3) is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve (2).

4. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeve (2) has vertical threads for adjusting the Y-axis direction. After the adjustment is completed, the first screw (9) is used to fasten the sleeve (2) to the L-shaped bend (3).

5. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the other end of the L-shaped bend (3) is movably connected to the inner wall of the support tube (4). The other end of the L-shaped bend (3) is provided with a vertical thread for adjusting the X-axis direction. After the work is completed, the L-shaped bend (3) and the support tube (4) are fastened together by the second screw (10) and the third screw (11).

6. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before installing the horizontal bubble (6), ensure that the positioning steel plate (5) is vertical. When the steel plate (5) is in a vertical and horizontal state, the three screws of the adjusting horizontal bubble (6) base are triangular to center the bubble and fix it with acrylic glue to ensure the vertical and horizontal state of the steel plate during installation and to observe its stability afterward.

7. The auxiliary measuring device for improving the accuracy of ground settlement stratification monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning steel plate (5) has positioning screws (12) on both sides. The positioning screws (12) are used to fix the matching barcode ruler plate (7) on the positioning steel plate (5) by screws.

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