A closed blood collection syringe and system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of closed blood sampling syringe and system, it is related to medical consumables technical field, and its technical scheme main points are as follows: including: barrel, including inner cavity and open end;Push rod, slidably installed in barrel, and the top end of push rod protrudes open end;Rubber plug, fixed in the bottom end of push rod, and with the inner wall sealing cooperation of barrel;Connecting pipe, transversely extend and fixedly connected to the bottom end of barrel, connecting pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of barrel, and connecting pipe is used for connecting external fluid line;Limiting component, for locking push rod in a preset position before blood sampling operation, and make the bottom of rubber plug adjacent or extend into connecting pipe.The utility model cancels injection tube, simplifies structure, eliminates dead space, reduces bubble generation and blood residue, while limiting component can effectively resist arterial blood pressure thrust, improve the safety and convenience of blood sampling operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical consumables technology, and more specifically, it relates to a closed blood collection syringe and system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the closed-loop blood collection pressure sensor products on the market use closed-loop syringes, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a closed-type screw-type syringe 001, a three-way valve 003, and a fixing plate 002. A section of injection tubing 004 is typically provided between the injection chamber of the closed-type screw-type syringe 001 and the three-way valve 003.

[0003] The aforementioned closed syringe has the following problems: First, due to the presence of the injection tube 004, air bubbles are easily generated in the internal cavity of the injection tube 004 during blood collection. During the blood collection back-pushing process, these air bubbles may be pushed back into the patient's body or into the tubing, thus affecting the patient's safety. Second, residual blood in the injection tube 004 is difficult to push back completely, which can easily form thrombi. During the second blood collection process, the generated thrombi may be pushed back into the patient's body, seriously threatening the patient's life.

[0004] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a closed blood collection syringe and system to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a sealed blood collection syringe, comprising:

[0007] The cylindrical body includes an inner cavity and an open end;

[0008] A push rod is slidably mounted inside the cylinder, with the top end of the push rod extending beyond the open end;

[0009] A rubber stopper is fitted and fixed to the bottom end of the push rod and is sealed to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0010] A connecting pipe extends laterally and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder. The connecting pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder and is used to connect to an external fluid pipeline.

[0011] A limiting component is used to lock the push rod in a preset position before the blood collection operation, and to make the bottom of the rubber stopper adjacent to or extending into the connecting tube.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting component includes a locking part disposed on the cylinder and a buckle fixedly connected to the push rod, wherein the buckle is adapted to the locking part.

[0013] Preferably, the engaging part is a through hole opened on the side wall of the cylinder. There are two holes symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder. When the two buckles are engaged in the corresponding holes, the bottom of the rubber stopper is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube.

[0014] Preferably, the engaging part is a slot formed on the inner side wall of the cylinder, and there are two slots symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder. The push rod is also equipped with a buckle release component for releasing the buckle.

[0015] Preferably, the push rod includes:

[0016] Rod body;

[0017] Two symmetrically arranged connecting rods extend along the length of the rod body. The bottom of each connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rod body. There is a gap between the connecting rod and the rod body so that the connecting rod can elastically deform towards the rod body.

[0018] The buckle is fixedly connected to the lower part of each of the connecting rods;

[0019] The latch release assembly includes a pinch plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper outer side wall of the connecting rod.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped mounting groove, the connecting pipe is embedded in the mounting groove, and the top wall of the connecting pipe is provided with a clearance hole adapted to the rubber stopper, the clearance hole communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder.

[0021] When the limiting component locks the push rod in the preset position, the vertical distance between the bottom of the rubber plug and the bottom wall of the connecting tube is L, and the inner diameter of the connecting tube near the relief hole is R. L and R satisfy: L ≤ R.

[0022] Preferably, at least one guide plate is installed on the top of the cylinder, the guide plate has a guide groove, and a guide strip extending along its length is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push rod, the guide strip slidingly engaging with the guide groove.

[0023] Preferably, a horizontally arranged outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder;

[0024] The bottom of the guide plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged guide post, and the outer sleeve has a guide hole adapted to the guide post, and the guide post passes through the guide hole;

[0025] The bottom of the guide plate is also fixedly connected to two spaced hooks. The outer sleeve has mounting holes that are adapted to the hooks. The hooks pass through the mounting holes and engage with the bottom of the outer sleeve.

[0026] Preferably, it also includes a protective sleeve, which includes an integrally formed upper fixed end, a telescopic protective sleeve, and a lower fixed end, which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0027] The upper fixed end is sleeved on the outside of the top end of the push rod, and the outer side wall of the upper fixed end is provided with anti-slip texture;

[0028] The lower fixed end is sleeved and fixed to the upper part of the cylinder.

[0029] A closed-loop blood collection system, comprising any of the closed-loop blood collection syringes described above.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the closed blood collection syringe and system disclosed in this utility model are:

[0031] 1. By eliminating the injection tube at the end of the blood collection syringe, the syringe barrel is directly connected to the blood collection system via a connecting tube, thereby reducing air bubbles generated during the blood collection process due to the presence of connecting parts, and also avoiding the safety hazards caused by these air bubbles being pushed back into the patient's body during the blood collection pushback process.

[0032] 2. By directly connecting the connecting tube to the bottom of the cylinder, there is no need to use an injection tube, which eliminates the risk of blood residue in the injection tube and avoids the risk of blood clots forming due to residual blood being pushed back into the patient's body during a second blood draw, thus improving the safety of product use.

[0033] 3. By setting a limiting component, the push rod is locked in a preset position before the blood collection operation, and the bottom of the rubber stopper is adjacent to or inserted into the connecting tube, thereby effectively resisting the pushing force of arterial blood pressure on the push rod when no blood is collected. The limiting component adopts a structure of buckle and engagement, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient and quick operation. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a traditional closed-loop syringe.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed blood collection syringe according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the closed blood collection syringe of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the image;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the buckle and slot structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the rod and the connecting rod in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the cylinder and the connecting pipe in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rod and connecting rod according to Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the closed blood collection system of this application.

[0045] The numbers or letters in the attached diagram represent the names of the corresponding components:

[0046] 001. Screw-type syringe; 002. Fixing plate; 003. Three-way valve; 004. Injection tube; 1. Cylinder; 2. Push rod; 3. Rubber stopper; 4. Connecting tube; 5. Buckle; 6. Locking hole; 7. Locking groove; 8. Rod body; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Kneading plate; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Clearance hole; 13. Guide plate; 14. Guide groove; 15. Guide strip; 16. Outer sleeve rolled edge; 17. Guide post; 18. Hook; 19. Upper fixed end; 20. Telescopic protective sleeve; 21. Lower fixed end; 22. Anti-slip texture; 24. First pressure extension tube; 25. Pressure sensor; 26. Pressure cable connector; 27. Infusion device; 28. Second pressure extension tube; 29. ​​Blood collection three-way valve; 30. Sampling syringe; 31. Flushing valve; 32. Connecting tube. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described through specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a closed-loop blood collection syringe, comprising a barrel 1, a plunger 2, a rubber stopper 3, a connecting tube 4, and a limiting component. The barrel 1 includes an inner cavity and an open end. The plunger 2 is slidably mounted inside the barrel 1, with its tip extending beyond the open end. The rubber stopper 3 is sleeved and fixed to the bottom end of the plunger 2; the rubber stopper 3 is made of silicone and seals against the inner wall of the barrel 1. The connecting tube 4 extends laterally and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the barrel 1, communicating with the inner cavity of the barrel 1 and serving as a connection to an external fluid line. The limiting component locks the plunger 2 in a preset position before blood collection and ensures that the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube 4.

[0050] In the above setup, the direct connection between the connecting pipe 4 and the bottom end of the cylinder 1 eliminates the need for... Figure 1 The traditional blood collection syringe shown has an injection tube 004 at the front end, which reduces air bubbles generated during blood collection due to the hollow structure of the injection tube 004. This also avoids the safety hazard caused by these air bubbles being pushed back into the patient's body during blood collection re-push. Simultaneously, since there is no injection tube 004, there is no blood residue within it, avoiding the risk of blood clots forming from residual blood and being pushed back into the patient's body during a second blood collection, thus improving the safety of product use. By setting a limiting component, the push rod 2 is locked in a preset position before the blood collection operation, and the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube 4, effectively resisting the pushing force of arterial blood pressure on the push rod 2 before blood collection, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of the operation process.

[0051] Please see Figure 4In this embodiment, the limiting component includes a locking part disposed on the cylinder 1 and a buckle 5 fixedly connected to the push rod 2, the buckle 5 being adapted to the locking part. Specifically, the locking part is a locking hole 6 penetrating through the side wall of the cylinder 1, with two locking holes 6 symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder 1. Before blood collection, the bottom end of the push rod 2 is pushed towards the connecting tube 4 until the buckle 5 reaches the locking hole 6. At this time, when the two buckles 5 are respectively engaged in the corresponding locking holes 6, the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube 4, thereby locking the push rod 2 in a preset position to effectively resist the pushing force generated by arterial blood pressure on the push rod 2 when no blood is collected. An elastic isolation sleeve can be fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder 1 at the locking hole 6 to seal the locking hole 6 and reduce the entry of external contaminants into the cylinder 1 through the locking hole 6. When blood collection is required, an external tool is inserted into the locking hole 6 to retract the buckle 5, thereby releasing the locking of the push rod 2, and the push rod 2 can be pulled to perform the blood collection operation. The cylinder 1, push rod 2, and buckle 5 are all made of medical-grade plastic.

[0052] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 The bottom of the cylinder 1 has an arc-shaped mounting groove 11, and the connecting tube 4 is embedded in the mounting groove 11 and fixedly connected to the cylinder 1. The top wall of the connecting tube 4 has a clearance hole 12 that matches the rubber stopper 3, and the clearance hole 12 communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder 1. When the limiting component locks the push rod 2 in a preset position, the vertical distance between the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 and the bottom wall of the connecting tube 4 is set to L, and the inner diameter of the connecting tube 4 near the clearance hole 12 is R, where L and R satisfy: L ≤ R. By setting the clearance hole 12, the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 can pass through the clearance hole 12, so that the bottom of the rubber stopper 3 is at least flush with the top wall of the connecting tube 4, or located inside the connecting tube 4, thereby reducing the dead angle between the syringe and the connecting tube 4, so that the blood in the syringe can be completely returned to the patient through the connecting tube 4, reducing blood residue.

[0053] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 At least one guide plate 13 is installed on the top of the cylinder 1, and a guide groove 14 is formed on the guide plate 13. A guide strip 15 extending along the length direction is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push rod 2, and the guide strip 15 slides in conjunction with the guide groove 14. The guide strip 15 and the guide groove 14 guide the movement of the push rod 2, reduce the axial rotation of the push rod 2 under the action of external force, and thus avoid the deviation of blood collection dosage and the impact on sealing caused by rotation.

[0054] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The top of the cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged outer sleeve 16, and the bottom of the guide plate 13 is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged guide post 17. The outer sleeve 16 has guide holes adapted to the guide post 17, and the guide post 17 passes through the guide holes. The bottom of the guide plate 13 is also fixedly connected to two spaced-apart hooks 18. The outer sleeve 16 has mounting holes adapted to the hooks 18, and the hooks 18 pass through the mounting holes and engage with the bottom of the outer sleeve 16. The hooks 18 facilitate the installation and removal of the guide plate 13. In use, press the guide plate 13 downwards to engage the hooks 18; in removal, press the hooks 18 and push upwards.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The sealed blood collection syringe also includes a protective sleeve, which comprises an integrally formed upper fixed end 19, a telescopic protective sleeve 20, and a lower fixed end 21, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper fixed end 19 is fitted over the top of the plunger 2, and its outer wall has anti-slip texture 22. The lower fixed end 21 is fitted and fixed to the upper part of the barrel 1. The protective sleeve is made of medical-grade elastic material (such as elastic silicone or elastic rubber) to create a sealed space between the plunger 2 and the barrel 1, reducing the entry of external dust, microorganisms, and other contaminants into the barrel 1, and also preventing the plunger 2 from detaching from the barrel 1 to a certain extent. The lower fixed end 21 can be detachably fixed to the outer wall of the barrel 1 by adhesive or Velcro for easy replacement.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the engaging part is a slot 7 formed on the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The slot 7 does not penetrate the inner wall of the cylinder 1. There are two slots 7 symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder 1. The push rod 2 is also equipped with a buckle release assembly for releasing the buckle 5. Specifically, the push rod 2 includes a rod body 8 and two symmetrically arranged connecting rods 9. The rubber plug 3 is sleeved and fixed to the bottom end of the rod body 8. The two connecting rods 9 extend along the length direction of the rod body 8. The bottom of each connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected to the rod body 8. There is a gap between the connecting rod 9 and the rod body 8 so that the connecting rod 9 can elastically deform towards the rod body 8. Each buckle 5 is fixedly connected to the lower part of each connecting rod 9, that is, located above the bottom of the connecting rod 9. The buckle release assembly includes a pinch plate 10, which is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the connecting rod 9.

[0058] With the above setup, before blood collection, the bottom end of the push rod 2 is pushed towards the connecting tube 4, causing the latch 5 to reach the slot 7 and engage within the slot 7 due to the elasticity of its material. Two latches 5 are respectively engaged in their corresponding slots 7. The bottom of the rubber stopper 3 is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube 4, thereby locking the push rod 2 in a preset position to effectively resist the pushing force generated by arterial blood pressure on the push rod 2 when no blood is being collected. When blood collection is required, the operator presses the pinch plate 10 towards the rod body 8, causing the upper part of the connecting rod 9 to elastically deform, moving the latch 5 fixed to the lower part of the connecting rod 9 towards the rod body 8, thus disengaging the latch 5 from the slot 7 and releasing the lock on the push rod 2. At this point, the push rod 2 can be pulled to slide along the inside of the cylinder 1 for blood collection. The distance between the connecting rod 9 and the rod body 8 is sufficient to allow the latch 5 to be completely released from the slot 7. The pinch plate 10 makes the release of the latch 5 simpler and easier, and can be completed with one hand. The cylinder 1, connecting rod 9, rod 8, and buckle 5 are all made of medical-grade plastic.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 10 The present invention also discloses a closed blood collection system, comprising:

[0060] Closed-loop blood collection syringe;

[0061] The pressure monitoring and flushing unit includes a first pressure extension tube 24 connected to one end of the connecting tube 4 of the closed blood collection syringe. The first pressure extension tube 24 is connected in sequence to a pressure sensor 25 and a flushing valve 31. The pressure sensor 25 is electrically connected to a pressure cable connector 26, and the flushing valve 31 is connected to an infusion device 27.

[0062] The patient connection and sampling unit includes a second pressure extension tube 28 connected to the other end of the connecting tube 4 of the closed blood collection syringe. The second pressure extension tube 28 is connected to a blood collection three-way valve 29. The other two ports of the blood collection three-way valve 29 are used to connect the patient end connection tube 32 and the sampling syringe 30, respectively.

[0063] It should be noted that, except for the closed blood collection syringe, the rest of the above-mentioned closed blood collection system uses existing technology.

[0064] The working process of the above-mentioned closed blood collection system is as follows:

[0065] S1. Before use: When not connected to a patient, the blood collection three-way valve 29 is in the position of disconnecting the patient end connection tube 32. Heparin sodium saline is injected into the system through the perfusion device 27. The saline flows sequentially through the flushing valve 31, pressure sensor 25, first pressure extension tube 24, closed blood collection syringe, and second pressure extension tube 28, and finally exits from the open port of the blood collection three-way valve 29. This process completely removes air from the system, ensuring that the tubing is full of liquid and free of air bubbles.

[0066] S2. Connecting the patient and initial locking: Connect the patient end connecting tube 32 to the patient, rotate the blood collection three-way valve 29 to connect the patient end with the second pressure extension tube 28. At this time, the patient's arterial blood pressure is transmitted to the closed blood collection syringe through the tubing. However, since the limiting component of the closed blood collection syringe has locked the push rod 2 in the preset position, it can effectively resist the impact of arterial blood pressure and ensure that the push rod 2 remains stationary.

[0067] S3. Collect open-circuit blood: The operator releases the limiting component of the closed blood collection syringe, pulls the push rod 2 backward, and draws the residual heparin sodium saline in the second pressure extension tube 28 and the initial arterial blood into the cylinder 1. This step is intended to open a pathway for subsequent pure blood sample collection, and at the same time, this part of the blood is temporarily stored in the cylinder 1.

[0068] S4. Blood sample collection: Rotate the blood collection three-way valve 29 to disconnect the connection between the patient end and the second pressure extension tube 28, and at the same time connect the patient end and the sampling syringe 30. Pull the piston rod of the sampling syringe 30 to directly draw a pure blood sample from the patient end for testing.

[0069] S5. Blood reinfusion: After blood sample collection is completed, rotate the blood collection three-way valve 29 again to restore the connection between the patient end and the second pressure extension tube 28, and push the push rod 2 of the closed blood collection syringe forward to reinfuse the blood stored in the cylinder into the patient's body. It should be noted that the flushing valve 31 is usually designed to only allow liquid to flow from the infuser 27 to the pipeline and to close in the reverse direction to effectively prevent blood backflow.

[0070] S6. System flushing: Inject heparin sodium saline into the system through the perfusion device 27 to thoroughly flush the entire pipeline, remove residual blood, and prevent thrombosis.

[0071] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A closed blood collection syringe, comprising: include: The cylindrical body includes an inner cavity and an open end; A push rod is slidably mounted inside the cylinder, with the top end of the push rod extending beyond the open end; A rubber stopper is fitted and fixed to the bottom end of the push rod and is sealed to the inner wall of the cylinder. A connecting pipe extends laterally and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cylinder. The connecting pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder and is used to connect to an external fluid pipeline. A limiting component is used to lock the push rod in a preset position before the blood collection operation, and to make the bottom of the rubber stopper adjacent to or extending into the connecting tube.

2. The closed blood collection syringe of claim 1, wherein: The limiting component includes a locking part disposed on the cylinder and a buckle fixedly connected to the push rod, wherein the buckle is adapted to the locking part.

3. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The engaging part is a through hole opened on the side wall of the cylinder. There are two holes symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder. When the two buckles are engaged in the corresponding holes, the bottom of the rubber stopper is adjacent to or extends into the connecting tube.

4. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The engaging part is a slot formed on the inner side wall of the cylinder. There are two slots, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder. The push rod is also equipped with a buckle release component for releasing the buckle.

5. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The push rod includes: Rod body; Two symmetrically arranged connecting rods extend along the length of the rod body. The bottom of each connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rod body. There is a gap between the connecting rod and the rod body so that the connecting rod can elastically deform towards the rod body. The buckle is fixedly connected to the lower part of each of the connecting rods; The latch release assembly includes a pinch plate, which is fixedly connected to the upper outer side wall of the connecting rod.

6. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped mounting groove, the connecting pipe is embedded in the mounting groove, and the top wall of the connecting pipe is provided with a clearance hole that matches the rubber stopper. The clearance hole communicates with the inner cavity of the cylinder. When the limiting component locks the push rod in the preset position, the vertical distance between the bottom of the rubber plug and the bottom wall of the connecting tube is L, and the inner diameter of the connecting tube near the relief hole is R. L and R satisfy: L ≤ R.

7. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one guide plate is installed on the top of the cylinder, and a guide groove is formed on the guide plate. A guide strip extending along the length direction is fixedly connected to the side wall of the push rod, and the guide strip slides in cooperation with the guide groove.

8. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged outer sleeve; The bottom of the guide plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged guide post, and the outer sleeve has a guide hole adapted to the guide post, and the guide post passes through the guide hole; The bottom of the guide plate is also fixedly connected to two spaced hooks. The outer sleeve has mounting holes that are adapted to the hooks. The hooks pass through the mounting holes and engage with the bottom of the outer sleeve.

9. The sealed blood collection syringe according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protective sleeve, which comprises an integrally formed upper fixed end, a telescopic protective sleeve, and a lower fixed end, which are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The upper fixed end is sleeved on the outside of the top end of the push rod, and the outer side wall of the upper fixed end is provided with anti-slip texture; The lower fixed end is sleeved and fixed to the upper part of the cylinder.

10. A closed blood collection system, characterized in that: Including the closed blood collection syringe as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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