A transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transdermal absorption enhancer of accurate temperature control, relate to medical care technical field, including the envelope and heating sheet, the envelope is one side and is equipped with the double -deck structure of opening, and this double -deck structure has the cavity of accommodating heating sheet, the bottom surface of envelope is fixed to the skin surface. The envelope of the utility model and heating sheet set up with the form of separation, and heating sheet can conveniently be placed into the cavity of envelope and be taken out from the cavity of envelope, under the premise of not influencing transdermal absorption enhancer convenient use, only envelope is as the consumable, and heating sheet is recycled, and the production cost of transdermal absorption enhancer is effectively reduced, and the envelope can be used with different types of heating sheet including chemical, electricity in the prior art and the drug patch in the prior art, has excellent changeability and use flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical and health care technology, specifically to a structure for thermotherapy or to enhance the transdermal absorption of drugs. Background Technology

[0002] Medicated patches are healthcare products used for pain relief and physical therapy. They typically have a simple sheet-like structure, with the medication integrally molded onto a base. They are usually applied directly to the skin. Some existing medicated patches also include a heating element to accelerate the release of the active ingredients and promote drug absorption.

[0003] Based on existing technology searches, the following known technical solutions exist:

[0004] Prior Art 1: A Pediatric Highly Breathable Traditional Chinese Medicine Patch

[0005] Application number: CN202520092606.6, application date: 2025.01.15, publication (announcement) date: 2025.02.25.

[0006] Prior art 1 discloses a highly breathable traditional Chinese medicine patch for pediatric use, belonging to the field of traditional Chinese medicine patch technology. It includes an outer cover sheet, with a patch rotatably connected to its outer end. A medicine storage component is located at the outer end of the patch, and a cover groove is located at the outer end of the outer cover sheet, matching the medicine storage component. The outer cover sheet covers the outer end of the patch, and one side of the medicine storage component is located inside the cover groove. The medicine storage component includes a mounting ring, with a heating device inside. A fixed partition inside the mounting ring divides its interior into a heating layer and a medicine storage tank. The medicine storage tank stores traditional Chinese medicine, while the heating layer contains the heating device. When the cover sheet is opened, the heating device heats the medicine paste, making it less likely to cause irritation when applied to an infant's skin. Simultaneously, heating the medicine paste allows for the rapid release of its active ingredients, promoting drug absorption.

[0007] However, the herbal poultice in Existing Technology 1 has a one-piece structure, requiring each poultice to have its own heating device, resulting in higher production costs. Furthermore, its one-piece structure limits its effectiveness, making it unsuitable for use in conjunction with other herbal poultices in existing technologies, thus limiting its flexibility. In addition, the heating device in Existing Technology 1 lacks precise temperature control, posing a risk of burns, and its effectiveness in accelerating drug release and absorption is also insufficient. Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following technical solution to solve the technical problem: a transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control, comprising a cover and a heating element, wherein the cover has a double-layer structure with an opening on one side, and the double-layer structure has a cavity for accommodating the heating element;

[0010] The bottom surface of the cover is adhered and fixed to the skin surface.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes medicated films;

[0012] The medicated film is located between the bottom surface of the sachet and the skin surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the medicated film is applied and molded on the skin surface and / or the bottom surface of the cover, or molded and fixed to the bottom surface of the cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the medicated film is formed by applying or spraying one or more of the following: plasters, essential oils, gels, sprays, fragrances, powders, or emulsions containing medicinal ingredients, or it is a pre-formed functional film, such as scar patches, moxibustion patches, uterine warming patches, or plaster films pre-formed onto a substrate.

[0015] Furthermore, the cover is adhered and fixed to the skin surface by adhesive on its bottom surface.

[0016] Furthermore, the adhesive is applied around the entire circumference of the bottom surface of the cover or covers the bottom surface of the cover.

[0017] Furthermore, the two ends of the envelope are respectively provided with straps, which are used to secure it.

[0018] Furthermore, the heating element is a chemical heating element that heats once or multiple times, or an electric heating element equipped with a power supply; the electric heating element is equipped with a human body temperature sensor with a measuring end attached to the skin surface, and can adjust the heating temperature according to the temperature feedback from the human body temperature sensor, and the power supply supplies power to the electric heating element.

[0019] The power source is a built-in battery or a wire plug, and the human body temperature sensor is a patch sensor located on the bottom surface of the cover or a body temperature sensor with external wiring.

[0020] In actual setup, the electric heating element is preferably a graphene heating film, which can provide temperature rise and has the characteristics of constant temperature and deep penetration.

[0021] Furthermore, the electric heating element is equipped with a heating and control module that uses a microcontroller U2 as the control chip, is equipped with a button S1, and is connected to peripheral circuits that serve as a temperature sampling circuit, a heating film control and current sampling circuit, and an LED indicator circuit, respectively.

[0022] In actual setup, the microcontroller U2 is preferably the Huimang FT61EC22A-RB chip, which includes multiple 10-bit ADCs, an internal clock of 16MHz, and a sleep mode. When the transdermal absorption enhancer finishes working, the microcontroller U2 enters sleep mode to save power, and then re-enters the working state when S1 is triggered again.

[0023] The two ends of the button S1 are connected to pins PA7 and GND of the microcontroller U2. Specifically, when the button S1 is pressed, it is connected to GND, and pin PA7 is set to high level input. When the button S1 is pressed, it reads a low level, and when the button S1 is not pressed, it reads a high level.

[0024] Temperature sampling circuit:

[0025] Including resistors R8, R9, and R10; human body temperature sensor; battery temperature sensor; temperature sensor R11; interface T1; interface T2; interface T3; and interface T4.

[0026] The PC3 pin of the microcontroller U2 is set to output a high level to provide a reference voltage for the human body temperature sensor, battery temperature sensor and temperature sensor R11. The PA2, PA3 and PC0 pins of the microcontroller U2 are set as analog inputs for ADC sampling.

[0027] One end of the resistor R8 is connected to pin PC3, and the other end is connected to pin PA2 and interface T1. The human body temperature sensor is connected between interface T1 and interface T2. Interface T2 is connected to GND, forming a temperature sampling circuit for the human body to collect the surface temperature of the human skin at the point where it is in contact with the electric heating pad.

[0028] One end of the resistor R9 is connected to pin PC3, and the other end is connected to pin PA3 and interface T3. The battery temperature sensor is connected between interface T3 and interface T4, and interface T4 is connected to GND, forming a temperature sampling circuit on the battery to collect the temperature on the battery.

[0029] One end of the resistor R10 is connected to the pin PC3, and the other end is connected to the pin PC0 and one end of the temperature sensor R11. The other end of the temperature sensor R11 is connected to GND, forming a temperature value sampling circuit on the sampling circuit board.

[0030] For use with other extended functions;

[0031] In actual setup, the human body temperature sensor, battery temperature sensor, and temperature sensor R11 are preferably NTC 10K3435 temperature sensors. The human body temperature sensor and battery temperature sensor are preferably soldered to interfaces T1 and T2 and interfaces T3 and T4, respectively.

[0032] The temperature sampling circuit samples the voltage values ​​at ADC pins PA2, PA3, or PC0, and then calculates (by looking up a table) the corresponding temperature value at the human body temperature sensor, battery temperature sensor, or temperature sensor R11. Taking the human body temperature sensor as an example, it is a sensor device whose resistance is inversely related to temperature. Interfaces T1 and T2 are connected to the human body temperature sensor. The microcontroller's U2 pin PC3 (signal EN_NTC) outputs a high level (its voltage value is the same as the microcontroller's VCC). Through voltage division by the human body temperature sensor and resistor R8, a voltage value will appear at the microcontroller's U2 pin PA2 (signal name NTC1). This voltage value will change with the resistance value of the human body temperature sensor. The microcontroller's PA2 pin is converted by the ADC to acquire the voltage value at this pin. By analyzing the correspondence between the voltage value and the temperature value, the temperature value of the human skin corresponding to the electric heating element is obtained.

[0033] Specifically, when pin PA2 of U2 performs ADC sampling, the ADC reference voltage is set to VCC. Combined with this circuit (the voltage of the EN_NTC signal is also VCC), the sampled voltage value is converted to obtain the resistance value of the human body temperature sensor. Then, by looking up a table, the temperature value of the human body temperature sensor is obtained. The conversion formula is: Rntc / (Rntc+R8) = sampled voltage value / 1023, thus obtaining the resistance value Rntc of the human body temperature sensor. Finally, by looking up a table, the specific temperature value is obtained.

[0034] LED indicator circuit:

[0035] Includes resistors R5, R6, and R7, and LED D2 with three color indicator lights;

[0036] The interfaces R+, G+, and B+ of the LED D2 are connected in series with resistors R5, R6, and R7, respectively, and then connected to pins PA0, PA1, and PC4 of the microcontroller U2. The interfaces R-, G-, and B- of the LED D2 are connected to GND.

[0037] The pins PA0, PA1 and PC4 of the microcontroller U2 are set as output control display, which respectively control the LED D2 to light up or turn off the three color indicator lights;

[0038] In actual setup, the pins PA0, PA1, and PC4 of the microcontroller U2 are preferably set to turn on or off with red, green, and blue indicator lights respectively. When pins PA0, PA1, or PC4 output a high level, the red, green, or blue indicator lights are lit. The three colors of indicator lights can be used to indicate different temperatures of the electric heating element. Preferably, the red, green, and blue indicator lights are lit to indicate that the temperature of the electric heating element is 58±3℃, 52±3℃, and 45±3℃ respectively.

[0039] Heating film control and current sampling circuit:

[0040] This includes resistors R12, R13, and R14; CMOS switching device Q1; interface H1; and interface H2.

[0041] In actual setup, the CMOS switching device Q1 is preferably a MOSFET AO3400 with an internal resistance of approximately 50mΩ;

[0042] The microcontroller U2's pin PA4 (signal name HEAT) is set as an output to control the heating of the electric heating element; it is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the R13 is connected to GND; the resistor R13 is pulled low when the HEAT signal is floating; the pin PA4 is also connected to the gate of the CMOS switching device Q1.

[0043] The pin PC1 (signal name IOUT) of the microcontroller U2 is set as an analog input for ADC sampling, and is connected in series with resistor R12 to the source (S) of the CMOS switching device Q1.

[0044] The source (S) of the CMOS switching device Q1 is connected to GND via a series resistor R14, and the drain (D) is connected to the interface H2.

[0045] The current flowing through resistor R14 is also the load current of the electric heating element. The voltage value of IOUT is sampled by pin PC1, and the current flowing through resistor R14 is obtained by conversion, which is the load current value of the electric heating element. Resistor R12 is used for circuit protection and does not affect the sampling accuracy.

[0046] In actual setup, to improve measurement accuracy, the reference voltage value for ADC sampling on pin PC1 is preferably set to 2V;

[0047] The detection of the load current of the electric heating element is used to stop the heating of the electric heating element for protection when the resistance value of the electric heating element is abnormal.

[0048] The interface H1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to GND, and the electric heating element is connected between the interface H1 and the interface H2.

[0049] When the HEAT signal on pin PA4 is high, the CMOS switch Q1 is turned on, the circuit loop of the heating element is connected, the battery supplies power to the heating element, and the heating element heats up; when the HEAT signal on pin PA4 is low, the CMOS switch Q1 is turned off, the circuit loop of the heating element is disconnected, and the heating element stops heating.

[0050] In actual use, during the heating process of the electric heating element, the microcontroller U2 obtains the human skin surface temperature collected by the human body temperature sensor 21 through ADC sampling, and compares the human skin surface temperature with the target heating temperature. When the human skin surface temperature is higher than the target heating temperature and reaches or exceeds the preset allowable temperature difference, the heating of the electric heating element is stopped. When the human skin surface temperature is lower than the target heating temperature and reaches or exceeds the allowable temperature difference, the heating of the electric heating element is started.

[0051] Furthermore, the power source is a built-in rechargeable battery, and the microcontroller U2 is also connected to an external circuit that serves as a battery charging circuit.

[0052] Battery charging circuit:

[0053] It includes chip U1, resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, capacitors C1 and C2, light-emitting diode D0, diode D1, battery interface, and charging power supply. The battery interface has a positive interface B+ and a negative interface B-, and the charging power supply interface has a positive interface VIN and a negative interface G1.

[0054] The positive terminal B+ of the battery interface is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative terminal B- is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and connected to GND.

[0055] The positive terminal VIN of the charging power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the external charging power supply, and the negative terminal G1 of the charging power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the external charging power supply and connected to GND.

[0056] The chip U1 serves as a charging management chip. Its VCC pin is connected in series with the resistor R1 and then connected to the positive interface VIN of the charging power supply. The resistor R1 is used for current limiting protection. When the current is too high, the resistor R1 will burn out to protect the entire circuit. At the same time, the capacitor C1 is connected to GND. The capacitor C1 is used for filtering.

[0057] The PROG pin of chip U1 is connected to resistor R2 to GND; this is used to set the charging current to be no more than 0.5A.

[0058] The BAT pin of the chip U1 is connected to the positive interface B+ for charging the battery, and at the same time, the capacitor C2 is connected to GND to filter the charging input of the battery.

[0059] The BAT and / CHRG pins of the chip U1, together with the diode D1 and the resistor R3, form a charging indicator light; the diode D1 lights up when charging and turns off when not charging or after charging is finished.

[0060] The / CHRG pin is connected in series with the diode D0 and then connected to the PA6 pin of the microcontroller U2; its notCHARGE signal is provided to the microcontroller U2, and the PA6 pin is set as a pull-up input. When the battery is in the charging state, the input is low level, otherwise it is high level, thereby determining whether the battery is charging.

[0061] The CE pin of the chip U1 is connected to the VCC pin of the chip U1. When the VCC pin is powered on, it enables the charging of the battery.

[0062] The positive terminal of the battery is connected in series with resistor R4 and then connected to the VCC pin of the microcontroller U2. R4 supplies power to the microcontroller U2 and serves as a current limiting protection.

[0063] This invention provides a transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. The cover and heating element of this utility model are set separately. The heating element can be easily inserted into and removed from the cavity of the cover. Without affecting the ease of use of the transdermal absorption enhancer, only the cover is used as a consumable and the heating element is recycled, which effectively reduces the production cost of the transdermal absorption enhancer.

[0065] 2. The cover of this utility model can be used in conjunction with different types of heating pads, including chemical and electric ones, and drug patches in the prior art, and has excellent interchangeability and flexibility of use.

[0066] 3. The heating element of this utility model is preferably electrically heated, which has high heating efficiency, low cost and long service life.

[0067] 4. The heating element of this utility model is preferably a graphene heating film, which has good constant temperature and deep penetration characteristics, and can ideally accelerate drug release and promote drug absorption.

[0068] 5. The heating and control module provided by this utility model digitally realizes the control of the heating temperature of the heating element, providing a hardware foundation for the personalized and intelligent development of transdermal absorption enhancers and their supporting facilities. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the heating element of this utility model;

[0070] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the heating element using the first structure of this utility model;

[0071] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the heating element using the first structure of this utility model;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the heating element of this utility model;

[0073] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heating element using the second structure of this utility model;

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the back of the cover of this utility model;

[0075] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the heating and control module of this utility model.

[0076] In the picture:

[0077] 1. Enclosure; 11. Opening; 12. Cavity; 13. Adhesive; 2. Heating element; 21. Human body temperature sensor; 22. Power supply; 23. Heating and control module; 3. Medicine film. Detailed Implementation

[0078] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] A transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, its structural relationship is as follows: it includes a cover 1 and a heating element 2. The cover 1 has a double-layer structure with an opening 11 on one side. The double-layer structure has a cavity 12 for accommodating the heating element 2. The bottom surface of the cover 1 is integrally formed with a moxibustion warming patch as a medicated film 3. Adhesive 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the cover 1 along the edge and around the perimeter of the moxibustion warming patch.

[0081] Power supply 22 is a built-in rechargeable battery. The graphene heating film, which serves as the heating element 2, is equipped with a microcontroller U2 as the control chip, a button S1, and is connected to circuits for temperature sampling, heating film control, and current sampling, respectively.

[0082] Heating and control module 23 for the peripheral circuits of LED indicator circuit and battery charging circuit.

[0083] The physical therapy for dysmenorrhea using the aforementioned transdermal absorption enhancer includes the following procedures:

[0084] The first step is to attach the cover 1 to the lower abdomen using the adhesive 13 on the bottom of the cover 1, so that the moxibustion warming patch fits tightly against the skin surface.

[0085] The second step is to insert the graphene heating film into the cavity of the cover 1, and place the measuring end of the temperature sensor 21 on the human skin at the corresponding position of the graphene heating film.

[0086] The third step is to start heating the graphene heating film, adjust the target heating temperature to 41℃~45℃, maintain heating for 30 minutes, then turn off the heating, remove the graphene heating film from the cavity of the cover 1, and store it properly for the next use.

[0087] During the heating process of the graphene heating film, the microcontroller U2 obtains the human skin surface temperature collected by the human body temperature sensor 21 through ADC sampling, and compares the human skin surface temperature with the target heating temperature. When the human skin surface temperature is higher than the target heating temperature by 0.25℃ or more, the heating of the graphene heating film is stopped. When the human skin surface temperature is lower than the target heating temperature by 0.25℃ or more, the heating of the graphene heating film is started. Thus, the temperature fluctuation of the graphene heating film is less than 0.5℃.

[0088] Fourth step: After keeping the cover 1 stuck on the lower abdomen for several hours, peel off the cover 1 and the uterine warming moxibustion patch together.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0090] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control, comprising a cover (1) and a heating element (2), characterized in that: The cover (1) has a double-layer structure with an opening (11) on one side, and the double-layer structure has a cavity (12) for accommodating the heating element (2). The bottom surface of the cover (1) is attached and fixed to the skin surface; The heating element (2) is a chemical heating element that heats once or multiple times, or an electric heating element equipped with a power supply (22); the electric heating element is equipped with a human body temperature sensor (21) with the measuring end attached to the skin surface, and can adjust the heating temperature according to the temperature fed back by the human body temperature sensor (21); the power supply (22) supplies power to the electric heating element. The power supply (22) is a built-in battery or a wire plug, and the human body temperature sensor (21) is a patch sensor or a body temperature sensor with external wiring, which is set on the bottom surface of the cover (1).

2. The transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the drug film (3); The medicated film (3) is located between the bottom surface of the cover (1) and the skin surface.

3. The precisely temperature-controllable transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The medicated film (3) is applied to the skin surface and / or the bottom surface of the cover (1) and formed, or formed and fixed to the bottom surface of the cover (1).

4. The transdermal absorption enhancer with precise temperature control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The medicated film (3) is formed by applying or spraying a plaster, essential oil, gel, spray, fragrance, powder or emulsion containing medicated ingredients, or is a pre-formed functional film.

5. The temperature-controlled transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 1, wherein: The cover (1) is attached to the skin surface by adhesive (13) on its bottom surface.

6. The precisely temperature-controllable transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adhesive (13) is applied around the entire circumference of the bottom edge of the cover (1) or covers the bottom surface of the cover (1).

7. The temperature-controlled transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 1, wherein: The envelope (1) has straps at both ends, which are used to secure it.

8. The temperature-controlled transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 1, wherein: The electric heating element is equipped with a heating and control module (23) that uses a single-chip microcomputer U2 as the control chip, is equipped with a button S1, and is connected to peripheral circuits that serve as a temperature sampling circuit, a heating film control and current sampling circuit, and an LED indicator circuit. The two ends of the button S1 are connected to pins PA7 and GND of the microcontroller U2; Temperature sampling circuit: Including resistors R8, R9, and R10; human body temperature sensor; battery temperature sensor; temperature sensor R11; interface T1; interface T2; interface T3; and interface T4. The PC3 pin of the microcontroller U2 is set to output a high level, and the PA2, PA3 and PC0 pins of the microcontroller U2 are set to analog inputs for ADC sampling. One end of the resistor R8 is connected to the pin PC3, and the other end is connected to the pin PA2 and the interface T1. The human body temperature sensor is connected between the interface T1 and the interface T2. The interface T2 is connected to GND, thus forming the human body temperature sampling circuit. One end of the resistor R9 is connected to pin PC3, and the other end is connected to pin PA3 and interface T3. The battery temperature sensor is connected between interface T3 and interface T4. Interface T4 is connected to GND, forming a temperature value sampling circuit on the battery. One end of the resistor R10 is connected to the pin PC3, and the other end is connected to the pin PC0 and one end of the temperature sensor R11. The other end of the temperature sensor R11 is connected to GND, forming a temperature value sampling circuit on the sampling circuit board. LED indicator circuit: Includes resistors R5, R6, and R7, and LED D2 with three color indicator lights; The interfaces R+, G+, and B+ of the LED D2 are connected in series with resistors R5, R6, and R7, respectively, and then connected to pins PA0, PA1, and PC4 of the microcontroller U2. The interfaces R-, G-, and B- of the LED D2 are connected to GND. The pins PA0, PA1, and PC4 of the microcontroller U2 are configured as output control displays, which respectively control the LED D2 to light up or turn off three color indicator lights; Heating film control and current sampling circuit: This includes resistors R12, R13, and R14; CMOS switching device Q1; interface H1; and interface H2. The microcontroller U2 has a pin PA4 set as an output, which is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to GND; pin PA4 is also connected to the gate of the CMOS switching device Q1. The PC1 pin of the microcontroller U2 is set as an analog input for ADC sampling, and is connected in series with resistor R12 to the source (S) of the CMOS switching device Q1. The source (S) of the CMOS switching device Q1 is connected to GND via a series resistor R14, and the drain (D) is connected to the interface H2. The interface H1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the negative terminal of the battery is connected to GND, and the electric heating element is connected between the interface H1 and the interface H2.

9. The precisely temperature-controllable transdermal absorption enhancer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power supply (22) is a built-in rechargeable battery, and the microcontroller U2 is also connected to an external circuit as a battery charging circuit. Battery charging circuit: It includes chip U1, resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, capacitors C1 and C2, light-emitting diode D0, diode D1, battery interface, and charging power supply. The battery interface has a positive interface B+ and a negative interface B-, and the charging power supply interface has a positive interface VIN and a negative interface G1. The positive terminal B+ of the battery interface is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative terminal B- is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and connected to GND. The positive terminal VIN of the charging power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the external charging power supply, and the negative terminal G1 of the charging power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the external charging power supply and connected to GND. The chip U1 serves as a charging management chip. Its pin VCC is connected in series with the resistor R1 and then connected to the positive interface VIN of the charging power supply. At the same time, the capacitor C1 is connected to GND. The PROG pin of the chip U1 is connected to resistor R2 to GND; The BAT pin of the chip U1 is connected to the positive interface B+, and the capacitor C2 is connected to GND. The BAT and CHRG pins of the chip U1, together with the diode D1 and the resistor R3, form a charging indicator light. The pin / CHRG is connected in series with the diode D0 and then connected to pin PA6 of the microcontroller U2; The CE pin of the chip U1 is connected to the VCC pin of the chip U1, and the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the VCC pin of the microcontroller U2 after being connected in series with resistor R4.

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