Rotary fixture for combined machining of multiple holes of crankshaft oil hole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary clamp for crankshaft oil hole multi -hole combination processing, including base, the surface of base is fixed with a plurality of equidistance distribution's clamping subassembly through bolt, and clamping subassembly includes workpiece installation area and limit area, the utility model discloses clamp adopts the screw rod and telescopic link's screw transmission structure, and the surface pressure sensor of combining limit piece, makes limit piece and can complete " stretch out to turn over to press tightly " coherent action, and the surface pressure sensor of combining limit block, control clamping intensity, avoid the risk of traditional manual or air cylinder clamping because of the roughness of force control and lead to the crankshaft deformation or loose, and clamping subassembly equidistance distribution, multi -position layout, cooperate rotary panel 0 180 arbitrary angle locking's turnover structure of angle, realize once clamping to complete the crankshaft multidirectional oil hole processing, avoid the cumulative positioning error of traditional single -station process in multiple clamping, and crank card joint and mounting frame cooperate, form " journal positioning + crank limit " two -point positioning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the field of crankshaft machining technology, specifically a rotary fixture for machining multi-hole combination of crankshaft oil holes. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is one of the key core components in a refrigerator compressor. Its core function is to convert the rotational motion of the motor into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston, thereby realizing the compression and delivery of refrigerant. It is usually composed of main journal, connecting rod journal (crank pin), crank, balance weight, front end and rear end, etc., and its structure is shaped like a "crankshaft".

[0003] In the machining of refrigerator compressor crankshafts, the oil suction pipe hole refers to the interface hole on the crankshaft used to connect the oil suction pipe. Its function is to introduce the lubricating oil delivered by the oil pump into the crankshaft oil passage. The workpiece is fixed by a clamping device, and the depth and diameter of the hole corresponding to the oil suction position on the crankshaft are finally machined by precision boring process to ensure its dimensional accuracy. Traditional fixtures mostly use manual screws or cylinders for clamping. The clamping force depends on the operator's experience and is prone to overpressure deformation or underpressure loosening, resulting in an increased scrap rate. Although some fixtures have a flipping function, the angle adjustment depends on a manual indexing plate or a simple hinge structure, which only supports fixed angle switching and cannot achieve precise locking of any angle from 0° to 180°. It is also impossible to complete complex machining such as inclined oil holes and cross oil holes in one clamping. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the problem that existing technical solutions are too simplistic by providing a rotary fixture for machining multiple crankshaft oil holes. This fixture solves the technical problems mentioned in the background, such as force dependence on operational experience, easy overpressure deformation or underpressure loosening, and inability to complete multi-hole machining in a single clamping operation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A rotary fixture for machining multiple oil holes in a crankshaft includes a base. Several clamping components are fixed to the surface of the base by bolts. Each clamping component includes a workpiece mounting area and a limiting area.

[0007] The workpiece mounting area includes a mounting frame for supporting the workpiece and a crank clamp, wherein the crank clamp is fixed to both ends of the mounting frame.

[0008] The limiting area includes a control frame and a limiting component, which are movably connected by a telescopic rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the base includes a fixed base plate and a rotating panel. A driving device is provided at one end of the top of the fixed base plate, and a bearing seat is provided at the other end. One end of the rotating panel is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is fixed to the bearing inside the bearing seat through a shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping components are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating panel and form a flipping structure above the fixed base plate along with the rotating panel. Both the rotating panel and the fixed base plate are provided with drainage holes for discharging cutting fluid.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting bracket has a recessed slot for embedding crankshaft components inside, and the crank clamp is bolted to both ends of the top outer wall of the mounting bracket. Together, they form a positioning area for mounting and engaging the crank, and the surface of the crank clamp has a slot for accommodating the edge of the crank.

[0012] Furthermore, a drive device is provided on one side of the control frame, and a screw fixed to the output end of the drive device is provided inside the control frame. The telescopic rod is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the screw and forms a helical transmission structure with it.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting member forms a telescopic structure on the surface of the rotating panel via a telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod is provided with a driving device at the end adjacent to the limiting member to achieve a 90° rotation of the limiting member, and the limiting member forms a flipping structure on one side of the mounting frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. The fixture, with its multi-station layout of clamping components evenly distributed on the rotating panel and a precision flipping structure that locks at any angle from 0° to 180° on the rotating panel, enables the machining of oil holes in multiple directions of the crankshaft in a single clamping operation, avoiding the cumulative positioning error caused by multiple clamping operations in traditional single-station processes.

[0016] 2. The crank clamping component works with the mounting bracket to form a dual-point positioning system of "journal positioning + crank limiting". The groove depth reserved in the crank clamping component can accommodate the burrs and flash on the edge of the crankshaft and crank, preventing them from hindering the normal closure of the clamping component and improving the clamping rate.

[0017] 3. The fixture adopts a helical transmission structure of screw and telescopic rod, combined with a pressure sensor on the surface of the limiting component, so that the limiting component can complete a continuous action of "extend → flip → clamp", and accurately control the clamping force within the range of 800-1000N. This avoids the risk of crankshaft deformation or loosening caused by the coarse force control of traditional manual or cylinder clamping. The T-shaped flip-up structure of the limiting component, combined with its shape, can avoid the processing area while performing the clamping function.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece mounting area structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting area structure of this utility model.

[0024] Numbering on the map:

[0025] 1. Base; 101. Fixed base plate; 102. Rotating panel; 2. Clamping assembly; 3. Workpiece mounting area; 301. Mounting bracket; 302. Crank clamping component; 4. Limiting area; 401. Control frame; 402. Limiting component; 403. Screw; 404. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several embodiments of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the utility model more thorough and comprehensive.

[0027] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0028] Please refer to the appendix carefully. Figure 1-5 A rotary fixture for machining multiple oil holes in a crankshaft includes a base 1. Several clamping components 2 are evenly distributed on the surface of the base 1 by bolts. The clamping components 2 include a workpiece mounting area 3 and a limiting area 4.

[0029] The workpiece mounting area 3 includes a mounting bracket 301 for supporting the workpiece and a crank clamp 302, with the crank clamp 302 fixed to both ends of the mounting bracket 301.

[0030] The limiting area 4 includes a control frame 401 and a limiting member 402, which are movably connected by a telescopic rod 404.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the base 1 includes a fixed base plate 101 and a rotating panel 102. A driving device is provided at one end of the top of the fixed base plate 101, and a bearing seat is provided at the other end. One end of the rotating panel 102 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is fixed to the bearing inside the bearing seat through a shaft.

[0032] With the above structure, the fixed base plate 101 serves as the main body of the base 1 and can be rigidly connected to the machine tool worktable by high-strength bolts, providing a stable support foundation. One end of the rotating panel 102 is directly connected to the drive device, and the other end is fixed to the bearing seat through the shaft, forming a "two-point support" structure, which can withstand a certain intensity of radial cutting force. During the drilling process, it effectively suppresses the influence of cutting vibration on the accuracy of the oil hole and ensures the consistency of machining accuracy.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the clamping components 2 are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating panel 102, and together with the rotating panel 102, they form a flipping structure above the fixed base plate 101. Both the rotating panel 102 and the fixed base plate 101 are provided with drainage holes for discharging cutting fluid.

[0034] With the above structure, the clamping assembly 2 forms a multi-station processing layout, which improves the overall processing efficiency. The structure of the rotating panel 102 and the fixed base plate 101 can lock the rotation angle of the rotating panel 102 at any angle within the range of 0°-180°. After the crankshaft is clamped once, multi-directional oil hole processing of the straight hole of the main journal and the oblique hole of the connecting rod journal can be performed, avoiding the positioning error caused by multiple clamping.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the mounting bracket 301 has a recessed slot for embedding crankshaft components inside. The crank clamping member 302 is installed on both ends of the top outer wall of the mounting bracket 301 by bolts. Together, they form a positioning area for mounting and clamping the crank. The surface of the crank clamping member 302 has a slot for accommodating the edge of the crank.

[0036] With the above structure, the recessed groove in the mounting bracket 301 forms a surface contact with the crankshaft main journal, while the edge groove of the crank clamping part 302 forms a line contact with the crank, realizing dual-point positioning of "journal positioning + crank limiting". In addition, the depth reserved by the groove on the surface of the crank clamping part 302 can accommodate the burrs and flash of the crank edge, preventing them from hindering the normal engagement of the crank clamping part 302, thereby improving the clamping rate.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, a drive device is provided on one side of the control frame 401. A screw 403 fixed to the output end of the drive device is provided inside the control frame 401. The telescopic rod 404 is threaded to the outer wall of the screw 403 and forms a helical transmission structure with it. The surface of the screw 403 is a trapezoidal thread.

[0038] Through the above structure, the limiting member 402 can complete the continuous action of "extending → flipping → clamping" through the linear motion of the telescopic rod 404 and the rotational motion of the end drive device, adapting to the clamping requirements of crankshafts of different sizes. When processing different models of crankshafts, quick adaptation can be achieved by adjusting the stroke and flipping angle of the telescopic rod 404.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the limiting member 402 forms a telescopic structure on the surface of the rotating panel 102 through the telescopic rod 404, and the telescopic rod 404 is provided with a driving device at the end adjacent to the limiting member 402 to realize the limiting member 402 flipping at 90 degrees. The limiting member 402 forms a flipping structure on one side of the mounting bracket 301. The limiting member 402 is T-shaped, and a pressure sensor is provided in the transverse end near the mounting bracket 301.

[0040] With the above structure, in the non-working state, the limiting member 402 can be flipped to a position parallel to the mounting bracket 301, reducing the occupation of the operating space. When working, it can be flipped 90° to vertically press the crankshaft, achieving a compact layout. The pressure sensor equipped with it can automatically adjust the feed amount of the telescopic rod 404 in conjunction with the external control system, improving the reliability of clamping.

[0041] The specific operating procedure of this utility is as follows: This fixture can be used with a machine tool. During actual installation, the fixture is rigidly connected to the machine tool by using high-strength bolts through the pre-drilled mounting holes in the base plate 101 of the base 1, and installed below the drilling component.

[0042] The servo motor power lines in the control frame 401 and the fixed base plate 101 are connected to the machine tool electrical cabinet, and the drive device in the fixture can be electrically connected to the machine tool CNC system.

[0043] When using the fixture, the crankshaft main journal is inserted into the recessed slot of the mounting bracket 301 in stages, and the top of the workpiece, i.e. the crank position, is placed in the area constructed by the top of the mounting bracket 301 and the crank clamp 302, wherein the edge of the crank can be inserted into the slot on the surface of the crank clamp 302.

[0044] The start control frame 401 drive device, i.e., the servo motor, drives the screw 403 to rotate, and the telescopic rod 404, which forms a spiral transmission structure with it, moves closer to the workpiece. The T-shaped head of the limiting member 402 gradually approaches the crankshaft surface. At the same time, the micro servo motor set in the end of the telescopic rod 404 causes the limiting member 402 to rotate 90°, and continues to drive the telescopic rod 404 until the limiting member 402 contacts the crankshaft surface. Through the pressure sensor set on the surface of the limiting member 402, the control system can keep the clamping force of the limiting member 402 at 800-1000N.

[0045] When machining the straight oil hole of the main journal, the rotating panel 102 is rotated 90° to be perpendicular to the fixed base plate 101. At this time, the crank clamp 302 faces upward, and the crank position of the workpiece fixed by the mounting bracket 301 and the limiting member 402 faces upward, so that the drilling equipment can drill the shaft from the crank direction above it.

[0046] When drilling cross-holes in the neck, the rotating panel 102 is tilted to 45°, so that the neck axis inside the mounting bracket 301 forms a 60° angle with the drilling tool axis.

[0047] After processing is completed, the rotating panel 102 is reset, that is, parallel to the fixed base plate 101, thus completing the loading and unloading of the workpiece.

[0048] The present invention has been described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary fixture for combined machining of multiple oil holes of a crankshaft, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The surface of the base (1) is fixed with a number of equally spaced clamping components (2) by bolts. The clamping components (2) include a workpiece mounting area (3) and a limiting area (4). The workpiece mounting area (3) includes a mounting frame (301) for carrying the workpiece and a crank clamp (302), wherein the crank clamp (302) is fixed to both ends of the mounting frame (301); The limiting area (4) includes a control frame (401) and a limiting member (402), which are movably connected by a telescopic rod (404).

2. The rotary fixture for machining multiple holes in a crankshaft oil hole according to claim 1, wherein: The base (1) includes a fixed base plate (101) and a rotating panel (102). The fixed base plate (101) has a driving device at one end and a bearing seat at the other end. One end of the rotating panel (102) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is fixed to the bearing inside the bearing seat through a shaft.

3. The rotary fixture for machining multiple holes in a crankshaft oil hole according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping components (2) are evenly distributed on the surface of the rotating panel (102) and form a flip structure above the fixed base plate (101) along with the rotating panel (102). Both the rotating panel (102) and the fixed base plate (101) are provided with drainage holes for discharging cutting fluid.

4. The rotary fixture for machining multiple holes in a crankshaft oil hole according to claim 1, wherein: The mounting bracket (301) has a recessed slot for embedding crankshaft components inside. The crank clamp (302) is bolted to both ends of the top outer wall of the mounting bracket (301). Together, they form a positioning area for mounting and clamping the crank. The surface of the crank clamp (302) has a slot for accommodating the edge of the crank.

5. The rotary fixture for machining multiple holes in a crankshaft oil hole according to claim 1, wherein: A drive device is provided on one side of the control frame (401), and a screw (403) fixed to the output end of the drive device is provided inside the control frame (401). The telescopic rod (404) is threaded to the outer wall of the screw (403) and forms a helical transmission structure with it.

6. The rotary fixture for machining multiple holes in a crankshaft oil hole according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting member (402) forms a telescopic structure on the surface of the rotating panel (102) via the telescopic rod (404), and the telescopic rod (404) is provided with a driving device at the end adjacent to the limiting member (402) for realizing the limiting member (402) to rotate 90°. The limiting member (402) forms a flipping structure on one side of the mounting bracket (301).

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