A center fixed positioning clamp

Abstract

The utility model belongs to mechanical clamp technical field discloses a kind of center fixed positioning fixture, including bottom plate and vertical installation on the bottom plate on the barrel-shaped fuselage, the fuselage is equipped with upper layer fixed component and support component from top to bottom, and upper layer fixed component is located above support component;The upper layer fixed component includes the conical piece being equipped in the fuselage interior and the top rod being horizontally penetrated the lateral wall of fuselage, and the conical tip of the conical piece is upwards and its conical surface and top rod inner end portion form sliding fit;The conical piece below is equipped with the hydraulic oil channel of axial, and conical piece is displaced upwards by hydraulic drive, and then top rod is moved to the outside of fuselage;The support component includes annular support disc and elastic support device being set around the outer edge of support disc and being fixed on the fuselage.The utility model can stably clamp from inside to cylindrical workpiece, so that tool can freely process cylindrical workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical clamping technology, specifically relating to a central fixed positioning clamp. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, the design of fixtures directly affects the machining efficiency and accuracy of workpieces. Traditional fixtures often employ an externally enclosed fixing structure, with the fixing unit typically located on the outer periphery of cylindrical workpieces, resulting in at least one machining surface being obscured by the fixture. This design has significant drawbacks: First, the toolpath must be repeatedly adjusted during machining to avoid fixture interference, extending machining time; second, to avoid collisions with the fixture, tool designers are forced to use special tools with extended tool holders, increasing procurement costs, extending delivery cycles, and causing machining vibration due to excessive tool overhang, affecting machining stability. Especially for cast blanks, which inherently have large dimensional fluctuations and difficult-to-control form and position tolerances, traditional rigid positioning methods are prone to positioning deviations, causing stress concentration and even workpiece deformation.

[0003] Patent application CN107685246A discloses a tool clamping device that can clamp cylindrical tools but cannot clamp cylindrical workpieces. Furthermore, it fails to address issues of tool interference avoidance, adaptive workpiece positioning, and stable clamping. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a clamping device that can simultaneously solve the problems of tool interference avoidance, adaptive workpiece positioning, and stable clamping to meet the core demands of modern machining for both process efficiency and quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a central fixed positioning fixture that can stably clamp a cylindrical workpiece from the inside, so that the cutting tool can freely process the cylindrical workpiece.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a center-fixed positioning fixture, including a base plate and a cylindrical body vertically mounted on the base plate. The body has an upper fixing component and a support component from top to bottom, with the upper fixing component located above the support component. The upper fixing component includes a conical component disposed inside the body and a top rod horizontally penetrating the side wall of the body. The conical tip of the conical component faces upward, and its conical surface forms a sliding fit with the inner end of the top rod. An axial hydraulic oil passage is provided below the conical component, and the conical component is moved upward by hydraulic drive, thereby pushing the top rod to move outward of the body. The support component includes an annular support plate fixed to the body and an elastic support device arranged around the outer edge of the support plate.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the machine body is further provided with a fixed base below the support component. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the machine body and is also fixedly connected to the base plate.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a middle fixing component is further provided on the body, the middle fixing component is located between the upper fixing component and the support component, and the middle fixing component has the same structure as the upper fixing component.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic support device includes a mounting sleeve that is fixedly mounted on a support plate by bolts, a spring guide tube is provided in its inner cavity, a spring is vertically provided in the spring guide tube, and a workpiece positioning block is provided at the top of the spring guide tube, the workpiece positioning block being used to support the workpiece.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a friction bushing is provided between the mounting sleeve and the spring guide tube, and the friction bushing is used to slow down the movement of the spring guide tube.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the machine body is located in the middle of the base plate, and an auxiliary clamping mechanism is also provided next to the machine body. The auxiliary clamping mechanism includes a long clamp and a mounting base fixed on the base plate. A horizontal rotating component and a fixing pin are provided on the mounting base. The horizontal rotating component includes a turntable base that rotates horizontally on the top surface of the mounting base. Two support columns are vertically arranged on the turntable base, and a crossbar passes through and is fixed between the two support columns. A rotating shaft hole is provided in the middle of the clamp, and the crossbar passes through the rotating shaft hole of the clamp, so that the clamp rotates around the crossbar in the vertical plane. A limit hole is provided at one end of the clamp, and the fixing pin is inserted into the limit hole to fix the other end of the clamp next to the machine body.

[0012] The advantages of this utility model compared with the existing technical solutions are:

[0013] 1. This utility model has a push rod on the machine body. After the cylindrical workpiece is put on the machine body, the push rod is pushed by the conical part, which can fix the cylindrical workpiece from the inside, so that the cutting tool can freely process the cylindrical workpiece from the outside.

[0014] 2. This utility model has an elastic support device on the outer edge of the support plate. The workpiece is supported by the elastic support device, which can effectively prevent the workpiece from directly and rigidly contacting the support plate, thus preventing the workpiece from being deformed or damaged.

[0015] 3. This utility model has a friction bushing between the mounting sleeve and the spring guide tube. After the workpiece falls onto the elastic support device, the friction bushing restricts the movement of the spring guide tube, thereby reducing the vibration of the spring, reducing the stabilization time of the workpiece, and preventing the workpiece from being damaged due to excessive vibration.

[0016] 4. This utility model is also provided with an auxiliary clamping mechanism. When the fixing pin is inserted into the limiting hole at one end of the clamp, the clamp is fixed by the fixing pin and the horizontal rotating component at the same time, and the other end of the clamp can clamp the workpiece on the machine body, thereby effectively preventing the workpiece from moving up and down. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fuselage cross-section structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support device of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Machine body; 21. Upper fixing assembly; 211. Conical part; 212. Top rod; 213. Hydraulic oil passage; 22. Support assembly; 221. Support plate; 222. Elastic support device; 2221. Mounting sleeve; 2222. Spring guide tube; 2223. Spring; 2224. Workpiece positioning block; 2225. Friction bushing; 2226. Bolt; 23. Fixed base; 24. Middle fixing assembly; 3. Auxiliary clamping mechanism; 31. Mounting base; 32. Fixture; 321. Rotary shaft hole; 322. Limiting hole; 33. Fixing pin; 34. Horizontal rotation assembly; 341. Turntable base; 342. Support column; 343. Crossbar. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail through specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment provides a center-fixed positioning fixture, including a base plate 1 and a body 2. The body 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and from bottom to top, it is provided with a fixing base 23, a support component 22, a middle fixing component 24, and an upper fixing component 21.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the fixed base 23 is coaxial with the fuselage 2 and surrounds the bottom of the fuselage 2. It is also fixedly connected to the base plate 1 and the fuselage 2 to connect and fix the fuselage 2 and the base plate 1, thereby preventing the fuselage 2 from falling off.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the fixed base assembly 22 includes an annular support plate 221 coaxial with the machine body 2 and fixed to the outer wall of the machine body 2, and an elastic support device 222 surrounding the outer edge of the support plate 221. The support plate 221 is used to connect the elastic support device 222 to the machine body 2. The elastic support device 222 is used to elastically support the workpiece and prevent damage to the workpiece caused by the bottom surface of the workpiece being too fragile or by directly and rigidly supporting the workpiece.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the elastic support device 222 includes a mounting sleeve 2221, a spring guide tube 2222, a spring 2223, a workpiece positioning block 2224, a friction bushing 2225, and a bolt 2226. The mounting sleeve 2221 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an annular piece fixedly connected to one side for engaging the bolt 2226. The bolt 2226 passes through the annular piece to fix the mounting sleeve 2221 to the support plate 221. The mounting sleeve 2221 contains the spring guide tube 2222, and a friction bushing 2225 is provided between the mounting sleeve 2221 and the spring guide tube 2222. The spring guide tube 2222 contains a cavity that only allows the spring 2223 to move vertically, and the top of the spring guide tube 2222 is provided with a workpiece positioning block 2224 for supporting the workpiece. When the workpiece falls, it will land above the workpiece positioning block 2224. Under the action of gravity, the workpiece positioning block 2224 drives the spring guide tube 2222 to move downward. Under the action of the friction bushing 2225, the spring guide tube 2222 slowly compresses the spring 2223. Due to the deceleration effect of the friction bushing 2225, the spring 2223 will not be compressed beyond the force equilibrium point after being compressed for the first time. Instead, it will slowly reach the force equilibrium point and remain stationary at the force equilibrium point.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the middle-layer fixing assembly 24 includes a conical member 211 and a push rod 212. The conical member 211 is disposed inside the machine body 2, and an axial hydraulic oil passage 213 is provided below the conical member 211. The conical tip of the conical member 211 faces upward, and its conical surface forms a sliding fit with the inner end of the push rod 212. The push rod 212 horizontally penetrates the side wall of the machine body. When the workpiece is fitted onto the machine body 2, external equipment supplies oil to the lower hydraulic oil passage 213 of the conical member 211. Under the action of oil pressure, the conical member 211 moves upward. At this time, the push rod 212 is pushed by the conical member 211, thereby moving outward and fixing the workpiece from the inside.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the upper fixing assembly 21 also includes a conical member 211 and a push rod 212. The upper fixing assembly 21 and the middle fixing assembly 24 have the same structure. The oil supply line of the hydraulic oil passage 213 is not shown in the figure. When the workpiece is fitted onto the machine body 2, oil is supplied from the bottom of the machine body into the hydraulic oil passage 213. After the workpiece is processed, the oil supply is stopped and the workpiece is removed. The conical member 211 will automatically descend due to the lack of oil pressure, while the push rod 212 needs to be manually or with a tool pushed back to contact the conical surface of the conical member 211.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment adds an auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 compared to embodiment 1, while the rest is the same as embodiment 1.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the machine body 2 is located in the middle of the base plate 1, and the auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 is located beside the machine body 2. The auxiliary clamping mechanism 3 includes a mounting base 31, a clamp 32, a fixing pin 33, and a horizontal rotation assembly 34. The clamp 32 includes a rotation shaft hole 321 and a limiting hole 322. The horizontal rotation assembly 34 includes a turntable base 341, a support column 342, and a crossbar 343. The fixing pin 33 and the horizontal rotation assembly 34 are both located on the mounting base 31. The turntable base 341 can rotate freely on the horizontal plane of the top surface of the mounting base 31. Two support columns 342 are vertically arranged on the turntable base 341. A crossbar 343 is horizontally fixed between the two support columns 342. The crossbar 343 also passes through the rotation shaft hole 321 of the clamp 32, so that the clamp 32 can rotate around the crossbar 343 in the vertical plane. The fixing pin 33, the horizontal rotating component 34, and the central axis of the machine body 2 are not on the same plane. When the workpiece falls onto the elastic support device 222, the clamp 32 rotates around the crossbar 343 in the vertical plane, and the clamp 32 drives the horizontal rotating component 34 to rotate in the horizontal plane. The fixing pin 33 is inserted into the limiting hole 322 of the clamp 32, so that the end of the clamp 32 without the limiting hole 322 is fixed next to the middle fixing component 24. Thus, the workpiece is clamped by the clamp 32 end and the machine body 2, preventing the workpiece from vibrating or moving up and down during processing.

[0032] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, and not all feasible embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, any obvious modifications made without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model should be considered to be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A center fixed position fixture, characterized by, It includes a base plate (1) and a cylindrical body (2) vertically mounted on the base plate (1). The body (2) is provided with an upper fixing component (21) and a support component (22). The upper fixing component (21) is located above the support component (22). The upper fixing assembly (21) includes a conical member (211) disposed inside the fuselage (2) and a top rod (212) that horizontally penetrates the side wall of the fuselage (2). The conical tip of the conical member (211) faces upward and its conical surface forms a sliding fit with the inner end of the top rod (212). The tapered component (211) has an axial hydraulic oil passage (213) below it. The tapered component (211) is moved upward by hydraulic drive, which in turn pushes the push rod (212) to move outward of the machine body (2). The support assembly (22) includes an annular support disk (221) fixed on the fuselage (2) and an elastic support device (222) arranged around the outer edge of the support disk (221).

2. A center fixed position clamp as described in claim 1, wherein, The fuselage (2) is also provided with a fixed base (23) below the support component (22). The fixed base (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fuselage (2) and is also fixedly connected to the base plate (1).

3. A center fixed position clamp as described in claim 2, wherein, The fuselage (2) is also provided with a middle layer fixing component (24), which is located between the upper layer fixing component (21) and the support component (22). The middle layer fixing component (24) has the same structure as the upper layer fixing component (21).

4. A center fixed position clamp as described in claim 3, wherein, The elastic support device (222) includes a mounting sleeve (2221) fixedly mounted on the support plate (221) by bolts (2226), with a spring guide tube (2222) in its inner cavity, a spring (2223) vertically mounted inside the spring guide tube (2222), and a workpiece positioning block (2224) at the top of the spring guide tube (2222), which is used to support the workpiece.

5. A center fixed position clamp as described in claim 4, wherein, A friction bushing (2225) is provided between the mounting sleeve (2221) and the spring guide tube (2222). The friction bushing (2225) is used to slow down the movement of the spring guide tube (2222).

6. A center fixed position clamp as described in claim 5, wherein, The body (2) is located in the middle of the base plate (1). An auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) is also provided next to the body (2). The auxiliary clamping mechanism (3) includes a long clamp (32) and a mounting base (31) fixed on the base plate (1). A horizontal rotating component (34) and a fixing pin (33) are provided on the mounting base (31). The horizontal rotating assembly (34) includes a turntable base (341) that rotates horizontally on the top surface of the mounting base (31). Two support columns (342) are vertically arranged on the turntable base (341), and a crossbar (343) passes horizontally through and is fixed between the two support columns (342). The clamp (32) has a rotating shaft hole (321) in the middle, and the crossbar (343) passes through the rotating shaft hole (321) of the clamp (32), so that the clamp (32) can rotate around the crossbar (343) in the vertical plane; The clamp (32) is provided with a limiting hole (322) at one end, and a fixing pin (33) is inserted into the limiting hole (322) to fix the other end of the clamp (32) beside the fuselage (2).

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