A vertical machining center automatic tool changing positioning calibration device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of vertical machining center machine automatic tool changing positioning calibration device, it is related to vertical machining center machine technical field.The utility model includes main shaft, the main shaft side is fixedly connected with correction mechanism, the main shaft inner cavity is movably connected with anti-collision mechanism.The utility model correction mechanism is through the meshing transmission of motor, gear and toothed disc, accurate transmission power can be transmitted, the rotation angle and speed of toothed disc are accurately controlled, provide stable and reliable power basis for subsequent calibration operation, the linkage structure of toothed disc and connecting rod, fixed rod, with the form of triangular distribution, the rotary motion of toothed disc is converted into the linear motion of fixed rod, so that three side correction plate can be moved to the center of main shaft simultaneously, calibration force is exerted to tool from multiple directions, no matter what direction deviation tool appears, all-around, efficient calibration correction can be realized, effectively ensure that tool is accurately located in the center position of main shaft, substantially improve processing precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of vertical machining centers, and in particular relates to an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for vertical machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern mechanical manufacturing, vertical machining centers have become core equipment in high-end manufacturing industries such as automotive parts manufacturing and aerospace precision parts processing due to their powerful comprehensive processing capabilities and high level of automation. Automatic tool changing is a key technology for vertical machining centers to achieve continuous and efficient production. It can quickly change tools according to the needs of different processes during processing, which greatly shortens the processing auxiliary time and significantly improves production efficiency.

[0003] However, in actual tool changing processes, due to various factors such as tool installation errors, wear of mechanical transmission components, and external vibrations, the tool often experiences positional deviations after being installed on the spindle. If these deviations are not corrected in time, they can lead to decreased machining accuracy and affect product quality. Furthermore, uneven force on the tool can shorten its lifespan. In addition, existing equipment lacks an effective anti-collision protection mechanism during tool changing and calibration. When the fixing rod drives the correction plate to reset, it is highly susceptible to collisions if it encounters chips, residual workpieces, or other obstacles that have not been removed in time.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for vertical machining centers. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic tool changer positioning calibration device for vertical machining centers. Through the cooperation of the correction mechanism and the anti-collision mechanism, it solves the problems of the existing automatic tool changer positioning calibration devices for vertical machining centers not being able to correct tool position deviations in a timely manner and lacking an effective anti-collision protection mechanism during the calibration process.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] This utility model relates to an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center. It includes a spindle, a correction mechanism fixedly connected to one side of the spindle, and an anti-collision mechanism movably connected to the inner cavity of the spindle. The correction mechanism includes a motor, the top of which is fixedly connected to the spindle. A gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a gear plate meshes with one side of the gear. The inner side of the gear plate is movably connected to the spindle via a bearing. A connecting rod is movably connected to the top of the gear plate, and a fixed rod is movably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. A limit plate is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed rod. One side of the limit plate is fixedly connected to the spindle, and a correction plate is movably connected to the bottom side of the fixed rod. There are three limit plates, each corresponding to one of the three connecting rods, which restrict the range of motion and operation of the connecting rods. The limit plates are bolted to the spindle. When the equipment needs maintenance, calibration, or when the position of the limit plates needs to be adjusted or replaced according to different processing requirements, the operator only needs to use simple tools to tighten the bolts to quickly complete the disassembly and installation of the limit plates, significantly reducing equipment downtime and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the anti-collision mechanism includes a relay, one side of which is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and a magnetic block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the relay. The main shaft has a movable groove in its inner cavity, which is located at the bottom of the magnetic block. A locking pin is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the movable groove. A locking groove is provided on the top of the gear plate, and the bottom of the locking pin is slidably connected to the locking groove. There are multiple locking grooves, which are arranged in an array on the top of the gear plate. When the anti-collision mechanism is triggered, the locking pin can quickly insert into the nearest locking groove to prevent the gear plate from being unable to be locked in time due to the distance between the locking groove and the locking pin being too far.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that a vision sensor is provided at the bottom of the limiting plate, and one side of the vision sensor is fixedly connected to the fixed rod. The vision sensor monitors the movement state of the fixed rod and the surrounding environment in real time, and can keenly detect any abnormalities that may occur during the reset process of the fixed rod and transmit the information to the control system to shut down the relay.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the inner cavity of the main shaft, and sliders are fixedly connected to both sides of the locking pin. One side of the slider is slidably connected to the sliding groove. The setting of the sliding groove and the slider provides precise guidance and limit for the locking pin, preventing the locking pin from disengaging from the inner cavity of the movable groove.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixing rod, and a connecting rod is provided on the other side of the spring. The other side of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the correction plate. During the dynamic calibration process, the elastic deformation characteristics of the spring enable the correction plate to automatically adjust the applied calibration force according to the actual deviation of the tool, thereby achieving adaptive calibration.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that guide rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the correction plate, and limit sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the fixed rods. The limit sleeves are slidably connected to the surface of the guide rods. The setting of the limit sleeves and guide rods provides precise guidance and limitation for the correction plate.

[0013] The present invention is further provided with an anti-slip pad on one side of the guide rod, and the anti-slip pad is fixedly connected to the correction plate on one side. The anti-slip pad can prevent the tool from sliding or deviating due to force during the calibration process, and ensure that the calibration force is accurately applied to the tool.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that a grating displacement sensor is provided on the top of the spring, and the bottom of the grating displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the fixing rod. The grating displacement sensor can accurately measure the displacement of the correction plate, and the displacement corresponds to the deviation of the tool, thereby obtaining the deviation information of the tool.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] 1. The correction mechanism of this utility model can accurately transmit power and precisely control the rotation angle and speed of the gear plate through the meshing transmission of the motor, gears and gear plate, providing a stable and reliable power foundation for subsequent calibration operations. The linkage structure of the gear plate, connecting rod and fixed rod, in the form of a triangular distribution, converts the rotational motion of the gear plate into the linear motion of the fixed rod, so that the three side correction plates can move towards the center of the spindle at the same time, applying calibration force to the tool from multiple directions. No matter what direction the deviation of the tool is, it can achieve all-round and efficient calibration and correction, effectively ensuring that the tool is accurately located at the center of the spindle and greatly improving the machining accuracy.

[0017] 2. The anti-collision mechanism of this utility model achieves precise control of the locking pin through the combination of relay and magnetic block. During normal operation, the magnetic block attracts the locking pin with magnetic force to ensure the smooth operation of the calibration mechanism. When the vision sensor detects an obstacle, the relay is de-energized, the magnetic block loses its magnetic force, and the locking pin can fall quickly. This rapid response mechanism can promptly block the movement of the calibration mechanism and avoid damage to components due to collision. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the correction mechanism in an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the anti-collision mechanism in an automatic tool changer positioning and calibration device for a vertical machining center.

[0022] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of point B in an automatic tool changer positioning and calibration device for a vertical machining center.

[0023] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of point A in an automatic tool changer positioning and calibration device for a vertical machining center.

[0024] In the attached diagram: 1. Main shaft; 2. Correction mechanism; 201. Motor; 202. Gear; 203. Gear disc; 204. Connecting rod; 205. Fixed rod; 206. Limiting plate; 207. Correction plate; 3. Anti-collision mechanism; 301. Relay; 302. Magnetic block; 303. Movable groove; 304. Locking pin; 305. Locking groove; 4. Vision sensor; 5. Slide groove; 6. Slider; 7. Spring; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Guide rod; 10. Limiting sleeve; 11. Anti-slip pad; 12. Grating displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Please see Figure 1-5 This utility model is an automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center, including a spindle 1. A correction mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the spindle 1, and an anti-collision mechanism 3 is movably connected to the inner cavity of the spindle 1. The correction mechanism 2 includes a motor 201. The top of the motor 201 is fixedly connected to the spindle 1, and a gear 202 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 201. A gear 203 meshes with one side of the gear 202. The inner side of the gear 203 is movably connected to the spindle 1 through a bearing. A connecting rod 204 is movably connected to the top of the gear 203, and a fixed rod 205 is movably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 204. A limit plate 206 is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed rod 205. One side of the limit plate 206 is fixedly connected to the spindle 1, and a correction plate 207 is movably connected to the bottom side of the fixed rod 205.

[0028] Specifically, there are three limit plates 206, which correspond to three connecting rods 204 respectively. They can limit the range of motion and operation mode of the connecting rods 204. The limit plates 206 are connected to the main shaft 1 by bolts. When the equipment needs maintenance, calibration and debugging, or when the position of the limit plates 206 needs to be adjusted or the limit plates 206 need to be replaced according to different processing requirements, the operator only needs to use simple tools to tighten the bolts to quickly complete the disassembly and installation of the limit plates 206, which greatly reduces the equipment downtime and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Please see Figure 1-5 Based on Embodiment 1, the anti-collision mechanism 3 includes a relay 301. One side of the relay 301 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 1. A magnetic block 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the relay 301. A movable groove 303 is opened in the inner cavity of the main shaft 1. The movable groove 303 is located at the bottom of the magnetic block 302. A locking pin 304 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the movable groove 303. A locking groove 305 is opened on the top of the gear plate 203. The bottom of the locking pin 304 is slidably connected to the locking groove 305. A vision sensor 4 is provided at the bottom of the limiting plate 206. One side of the vision sensor 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 205. Sliding grooves 5 are opened on both sides of the inner cavity of the main shaft 1. The locking pin 304 Both sides are fixedly connected to sliders 6. One side of slider 6 is slidably connected to slide groove 5. A spring 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of fixed rod 205. A connecting rod 8 is provided on the other side of spring 7. The other side of connecting rod 8 is fixedly connected to correction plate 207. Guide rods 9 are fixedly connected to both sides of correction plate 207. Limit sleeves 10 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of fixed rod 205. Limit sleeves 10 are slidably connected to the surface of guide rod 9. Anti-slip pad 11 is provided on one side of guide rod 9. One side of anti-slip pad 11 is fixedly connected to correction plate 207. A grating displacement sensor 12 is provided on the top of spring 7. The bottom of grating displacement sensor 12 is fixedly connected to fixed rod 205.

[0031] Specifically: Multiple locking slots 305 are arranged in an array on the top of the gear disc 203. When the anti-collision mechanism is triggered, the locking pin 304 can quickly insert into the nearest locking slot 305, preventing the gear disc 203 from failing to lock in time due to the distance between the locking slot 305 and the locking pin 304 being too far. The vision sensor 4 monitors the movement state of the fixed rod 205 and the surrounding environment in real time, and can keenly detect any abnormalities that may occur during the reset process of the fixed rod 205 and transmit the information to the control system to shut off the relay 301. The sliding groove 5 and the slider 6 provide precise guidance and limit for the locking pin 304. To prevent the locking pin 304 from disengaging from the inner cavity of the movable groove 303, during the dynamic calibration process, the elastic deformation characteristics of the spring 7 enable the correction plate 207 to automatically adjust the applied calibration force according to the actual deviation of the tool, achieving adaptive calibration. The setting of the limit sleeve 10 and the guide rod 9 provides precise guidance and limitation for the correction plate 207. The anti-slip pad 11 can prevent the tool from sliding or shifting due to force during the calibration process, ensuring that the calibration force is accurately applied to the tool. The grating displacement sensor 12 can accurately measure the displacement of the correction plate 207, which corresponds to the deviation of the tool, thereby obtaining the deviation information of the tool.

[0032] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: After the spindle 1 moves to the designated position, the tool changing robot arm inserts the tool into the spindle 1. At this time, the motor 201 starts and drives the gear 202 to rotate. The gear 202 drives the gear disc 203 to rotate. The rotation of the gear disc 203 pulls the connecting rod 204. The connecting rod 204 pulls the fixed rod 205 to move along the limiting plate 206. The correction plate 207 follows the fixed rod 205 and pushes and corrects the tool. After ensuring that the tool is in the correct position, the spindle 1 clamps the tool, and the motor 201 reverses to drive the tool. The dynamic correction plate 207 is reset to avoid affecting the normal operation of the spindle 1. During the reset process, when the vision sensor 4 detects an obstacle in the motion trajectory, the vision sensor 4 transmits the information to the control system to close the relay 301. The magnetic block 302 loses its magnetism, and the locking pin 304 falls out of the slide 5 and inserts into the nearest locking groove 305 to lock the gear plate 203 and prevent collision. After the obstacle is cleared, the relay 301 is opened, and the magnetic block 302 retracts and resets the locking pin 304.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present utility model. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present utility model to the specific implementation methods described. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present utility model, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center, comprising a spindle (1), characterized in that: A correction mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the main shaft (1), and an anti-collision mechanism (3) is movably connected to the inner cavity of the main shaft (1); The correction mechanism (2) includes a motor (201), the top of which is fixedly connected to the main shaft (1), and a gear (202) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (201). A gear (203) meshes with one side of the gear (202). The inner side of the gear (203) is movably connected to the main shaft (1) through a bearing. A connecting rod (204) is movably connected to the top of the gear (203). A fixing rod (205) is movably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (204). A limiting plate (206) is slidably connected to the surface of the fixing rod (205). One side of the limiting plate (206) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (1), and a correction plate (207) is movably connected to the bottom side of the fixing rod (205).

2. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision mechanism (3) includes a relay (301), one side of which is fixedly connected to the main shaft (1). A magnetic block (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the relay (301). A movable groove (303) is provided in the inner cavity of the main shaft (1). The movable groove (303) is located at the bottom of the magnetic block (302). A locking pin (304) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the movable groove (303). A locking groove (305) is provided on the top of the gear plate (203). The bottom of the locking pin (304) is slidably connected to the locking groove (305).

3. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vision sensor (4) is provided at the bottom of the limiting plate (206), and one side of the vision sensor (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (205).

4. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main shaft (1) has sliding grooves (5) on both sides of its inner cavity, and the locking pin (304) has sliders (6) fixedly connected to both sides. One side of the slider (6) is slidably connected to the sliding groove (5).

5. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixing rod (205), and a connecting rod (8) is provided on the other side of the spring (7). The other side of the connecting rod (8) is fixedly connected to the correction plate (207).

6. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide rods (9) are fixedly connected to both sides of the correction plate (207), and limit sleeves (10) are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the fixing rod (205). The limit sleeves (10) are slidably connected to the surface of the guide rod (9).

7. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: An anti-slip pad (11) is provided on one side of the guide rod (9), and one side of the anti-slip pad (11) is fixedly connected to the correction plate (207).

8. The automatic tool changer and positioning calibration device for a vertical machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: A grating displacement sensor (12) is provided on the top of the spring (7), and the bottom of the grating displacement sensor (12) is fixedly connected to the fixing rod (205).

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