Elevator shaft construction column formwork and elevator shaft construction column

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of building construction, concretely is a kind of elevator shaft construction column form and elevator shaft construction column, the construction column form includes: the first template and second template of the overall L type of horizontal section, the first template and the second template form the construction column form after assembly and are used to form the structure of zigzag groove, the construction column form top is provided with the recessed groove for inserting adjacent construction column form bottom, the utility model is welded by the combination of multiple specifications L type steel component, both ensure the stability of the overall structure of form, and realize the accurate forming of zigzag groove by component size difference, while modular structure supports quick disassembly and assembly, significantly improve the construction efficiency and quality of elevator shaft construction column.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to an elevator shaft structural column template and an elevator shaft structural column. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional elevator shaft structural column construction typically employs a "masonry partition wall + segmented casting of ring beams" process, which has significant technical drawbacks: First, the masonry walls must be built first, and after they reach the required strength, a second formwork must be erected to cast concrete ring beams at 2.5m intervals. This process is cumbersome and easily creates a weak layer at the interface between the masonry and concrete, severely impacting structural durability. Second, traditional masonry-ring beam composite structures are prone to shear failure under horizontal seismic loading, making their seismic resistance insufficient for high-rise buildings. Third, the confined space of elevator shafts (typically with a net width ≤ 2m) makes formwork erection, rebar tying, and concrete vibration difficult. Traditional loosely assembled wooden formwork requires frequent scaffolding erection within the shaft, resulting in long single-story construction cycles. Furthermore, the limited working space prevents efficiency improvements through increased labor, becoming a critical factor hindering floor construction progress. Additionally, secondary structural construction requires re-inserting the ring beam reinforcement, significantly increasing material costs and labor consumption. These problems urgently need to be addressed through process innovation and structural optimization. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an elevator shaft structural column template and an elevator shaft structural column in order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems. By optimizing the traditional masonry partition walls and ring beams of elevator shafts into reinforced concrete structural columns that are cast in one go, breakthroughs are achieved in terms of process integration, structural performance, construction efficiency and industrial application.

[0004] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A formwork for an elevator shaft structural column includes: a first formwork and a second formwork, both having an L-shaped transverse cross-section.

[0006] The structural column template formed by assembling the first template and the second template is used to form the toothed joint structure;

[0007] The top of the structural column template is provided with a concave groove for inserting the bottom of the adjacent structural column template.

[0008] Furthermore, the first template and the second template are symmetrical in size and shape;

[0009] The first template and the second template are fixedly connected.

[0010] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the structural column template in the first direction has alternating concave and convex shapes; the longitudinal section of the structural column template in the second direction is rectangular; and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0011] Further, both the first template and the second template are made of steel templates.

[0012] Further, the thickness of the steel template is not less than 2 mm.

[0013] Further, the concave grooves are respectively fixed to the top surfaces of the first template and the second template by using L-shaped steel templates.

[0014] Further, the transverse cross-section of the concave groove is in a zigzag shape;

[0015] The depth of the concave groove is not less than 10 cm, and the width matches the thickness of the steel template.

[0016] An elevator shaft structural column is assembled by using the elevator shaft structural column template as described in any one of the above.

[0017] Further, the thickness of the structural column is 200 mm and the width is 600 mm.

[0018] Further, the structural column is cast integrally with the main structure construction at one time.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0020] Structural performance optimization: Through the integrated design of the structural column and the horizontal tie beam, replacing the traditional masonry wall + ring beam structure, a hidden frame system is formed. The structural columns are arranged at the calculated spacing and cast synchronously with the main structure. Through reinforcement optimization (such as increasing corner longitudinal bars or spiral stirrups), the lateral displacement resistance ability is increased by 20% - 30% (verified by finite element simulation), and the inter-story drift angle is significantly reduced; the horizontal tie beam is formed by extending the steel bars of the structural column or adding short steel bars, eliminating the weak interface between the masonry and the concrete, improving the overall stiffness and having excellent self-waterproof performance, and solving the problem of joint leakage.

[0021] Construction efficiency improvement: By using standardized L-shaped steel templates (thickness ≥ 2 mm) and self-compacting concrete technology, the need for vibration is reduced, and rapid construction in narrow spaces is achieved. The templates are prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site, and the installation and disassembly efficiency is increased by 50%; the prefabricated hoisting of the steel reinforcement cage and the one-time pouring process of the concrete reduce the amount of formwork erection in the shaft and the amount of ring beam steel bar implantation, shortening the single-layer construction period by 30% - 50% and reducing the labor cost by 40%.

[0022] Process and safety innovation: Canceling the secondary structure construction, avoiding the risk of high-altitude operation in the shaft, and simplifying 2 - 3 traditional processes (masonry, ring beam formwork support, joint treatment). The concrete forming quality is better than that of manual masonry, the surface flatness ≤ 5 mm, and the verticality ≤ 8 mm / full height, ensuring the installation accuracy of the guide rail brackets.

[0023] Engineering application value: It provides a standardized solution for the construction of elevator shafts in prefabricated buildings, meets the seismic requirements of high-rise / super high-rise buildings, and reduces overall costs, with significant economic benefits and potential for technology promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elevator shaft structural column template according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the elevator shaft structural column template according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the elevator shaft structural column template according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-section of a concave groove according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the elevator shaft structural column formwork at point A;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the construction connection of the elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the present invention, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

[0034] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment".

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the elevator shaft structural column template according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly structure of the elevator shaft structural column template according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the elevator shaft structural column formwork according to one embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1-3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an elevator shaft structural column template includes: a first template 1 and a second template 2, both of which have an overall L-shaped transverse cross-section;

[0037] The structural column template formed by assembling the first template 1 and the second template 2 is used to form the toothed joint structure;

[0038] The top of the structural column template is provided with a concave groove 3 for inserting into the bottom of the adjacent structural column template.

[0039] This embodiment discloses an elevator shaft structural column formwork, the core innovation of which lies in the adoption of a modular combined L-shaped steel formwork structure. Specifically, both the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 are assembled from multiple L-shaped steel components of two different sizes through welding. The transverse cross-section of each L-shaped steel component maintains the overall L-shaped feature, but through the staggered arrangement of components of different specifications, an alternating toothed surface is formed in the longitudinal direction. During assembly, the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 are fixedly connected by bolts or welding, and their longitudinal cross-section presents a regular toothed structure (e.g., a depth of 60mm and a spacing of 300mm), while the transverse cross-section still maintains the overall L-shaped outline. A U-shaped concave groove 3 is provided at the top of the formwork, and standardized insertion is achieved through the concave groove 3 and the corresponding tenon structure at the bottom of the elevator shaft structural column formwork adjacent to the top.

[0040] This utility model, through the combined welding of L-shaped steel components of various specifications, not only ensures the stability of the overall template structure, but also achieves precise forming of toothed joints through the differences in component dimensions. At the same time, the modular structure supports rapid assembly and disassembly, significantly improving the construction efficiency and quality of elevator shaft structural columns.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first template 1 and the second template 2 are symmetrical in size and shape;

[0042] The first template 1 and the second template 2 are fixedly connected.

[0043] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the structural column template in the first direction has alternating concave and convex shapes; the longitudinal section of the structural column template in the second direction is rectangular; and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first template 1 and the second template 2 adopt a structurally designed with completely symmetrical dimensions and shapes. Parameters such as the arm length and thickness of the L-shaped transverse cross-section of the two templates are the same, and they are fixedly connected by bolts or welding to form a stable unit. The symmetrical templates do not need to distinguish directions, and can be quickly positioned by mirror flipping during on-site assembly. The cross-sections of the two templates along the height direction (longitudinal) of the construction column show a regular alternately concave-convex horse-tooth槎 structure (for example, the concave-convex depth is 60 mm and the spacing is 300 mm), which is formed by the staggered arrangement of the L-shaped templates. This design ensures that after the concrete is poured, an effective bite is formed on the connection surface between the construction column and the masonry, improving the shear strength. The cross-sections of the two templates along the horizontal direction (transverse) of the shaft remain standard rectangles (for example, the width is 600 mm and the thickness is 200 mm), matching the inner wall dimensions of the elevator shaft to avoid pouring leakage. The cross-section designs in the first direction (longitudinal) and the second direction (transverse) are perpendicular to each other, forming a three-dimensional reinforcement effect. The longitudinal horse-tooth槎 structure disperses the lateral pressure of the concrete through the concave-convex surface, and the transverse rectangular cross-section bears pressure through the wide surface. The two work together to improve the overall stiffness of the template.

[0045] Through symmetrical design, directional cross-section control, and two-way perpendicular strengthening, the utility model realizes high-precision forming, rapid disassembly and assembly, and ultra-standard bearing capacity of the construction column template, providing a standardized and efficient technical solution for elevator shaft construction.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the utility model, both the first template 1 and the second template 2 adopt steel templates.

[0047] Preferably, the thickness of the steel template is not less than 2 mm.

[0048] In this embodiment, both the first template 1 and the second template 2 adopt Q235B steel templates with a thickness of 2 mm, and are fixedly connected by welding transverse stiffeners on the back (for example, the spacing is 300 mm) and densely arranged M12 high-strength bolts (spacing 150 mm), achieving a balance between template lightweight and anti-deformation ability while meeting the stiffness requirements of the wide-surface template in the "Technical Specification for Composite Steel Templates".

[0049] The utility model realizes the dual optimization of template lightweight and anti-deformation ability, significantly improving the construction efficiency and the forming accuracy of the construction column.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-section of the concave groove for an embodiment of the utility model. As Figure 4 shown, according to an embodiment of the utility model, the concave groove 3 is respectively fixed on the top surfaces of the first template 1 and the second template 2 by using L-shaped steel templates.

[0051] Preferably, the transverse cross-section of the concave groove 3 is a square frame shape;

[0052] The depth of the concave groove 3 is not less than 10cm, and the width matches the thickness of the steel formwork.

[0053] In this embodiment, the concave groove 3 is welded to the top surface of the first template 1 and the second template 2 using an L-shaped steel template. Its transverse cross-section is designed as a U-shaped structure with a depth ≥10cm to ensure insertion stability and a width of 2.5mm to match the thickness of the steel template (2mm). Precision machining ensures a tight fit. The U-shaped cross-section, through its four-sided enclosure design, significantly improves the concave groove's resistance to deformation, preventing groove expansion due to lateral pressure during concrete pouring. The depth parameter is set according to the "Safety Technical Specification for Slot-Type Steel Pipe Formwork Support Frame in Building Construction," ensuring that the vertical deviation of adjacent templates after insertion is ≤1mm. Simultaneously, the 10cm depth can accommodate a sufficiently long tenon structure, enhancing pull-out resistance. The matching design between the width and the steel template thickness is achieved by finely adjusting the groove width (2.5mm) to accommodate the manufacturing tolerance of the 2mm template, avoiding grout leakage due to excessive gaps, while ensuring smooth insertion operations.

[0054] The concave groove design of this utility model achieves high stability, deformation resistance, and ease of construction of the template insertion by precisely matching the parameters of the U-shaped cross section, depth, and width, significantly improving the overall structural strength and construction accuracy of the structural column template.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the elevator shaft structural column formwork at point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .like Figure 5-8 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an elevator shaft structural column is assembled using any one of the elevator shaft structural column templates of the present invention.

[0057] Preferably, the thickness of the structural column is 200mm and the width is 600mm.

[0058] Preferably, the structural columns are poured in one go along with the main structure.

[0059] This embodiment discloses an elevator shaft structural column, which achieves one-time casting of the structural column and the main structure through standardized steel formwork technology. The structural column adopts a cross-sectional dimension of 200mm thick × 600mm wide and is assembled from multiple elevator shaft structural column formworks. The elevator shaft structural column formwork is assembled from a first formwork 1 and a second formwork 2 with an overall L-shaped cross-section. A U-shaped concave groove 3 is set on the top of the formwork to achieve standardized insertion. This solution breaks through the traditional specification that elevator shafts need to be equipped with masonry partition walls and 2.5m spacing concrete ring beams. After communication and design optimization with the client, the masonry partition walls and ring beams in the shaft are eliminated, and the structural column directly serves as an invisible frame. This not only improves the overall seismic performance of the structure, but also solves the construction problem of the narrow space of the shaft through standardized steel formwork (2mm thick, Q235B material) and self-compacting concrete technology.

[0060] Compared with the traditional secondary pouring process, this invention reduces the amount of scaffolding erected inside the shaft and the amount of reinforcing steel bars implanted in the ring beam, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing the overall cost, providing an innovative solution for the construction of elevator shafts in prefabricated buildings.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment is a specific application example of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction connection of an elevator shaft structural column according to one embodiment of this utility model. Figure 9 As shown, the elevator shaft structural column is composed of multiple sections of elevator shaft structural column templates, with the Nth section shown in the figure, up to the N+3th section. According to one embodiment of this utility model, a construction method for an elevator shaft structural column includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: Measure and mark out the structural columns;

[0065] The position must be perfectly aligned with the elevator guide rail bracket. Before construction, the guide rail layout diagram must be checked with the elevator manufacturer to avoid the bracket being unable to be installed due to positional deviations later.

[0066] Step S2: Cutting and installing steel bars;

[0067] When cutting reinforcing bars, the cut end face should be perpendicular to the axis of the reinforcing bar, and there should be no horseshoe shape or bending. If the end is not straight, it should be adjusted or cut off before cutting. Reinforcing bars should not be cut by heat processing methods.

[0068] When lapping vertical reinforcing bars in structural columns, the hooks of corner reinforcing bars should be at a 45° angle to the formwork, and the hooks of intermediate reinforcing bars should be at a 90° angle to the formwork. If an immersion vibrator is used to pour concrete for small-section columns, the angle between the hook and the formwork should not be less than 15°.

[0069] For the main reinforcement bars of the columns extending into the foundation, calculate the number of stirrups for each column. First, put the stirrups on the lap splices extending from the lower layer, and then erect the column reinforcement bars. Within the lap length, there should be no less than 3 ties, and the ties should be towards the center of the column.

[0070] Step S3: Custom processing of structural column reinforcement formwork;

[0071] Using BIM software, relevant data for the curved walls in the structural drawings are input into the computer to generate a model. Based on the BIM model, steel formwork is fabricated in the factory and trial assembly is conducted before delivery to the site to verify the curvature dimensions and joint tightness, ensuring construction quality. The trial-assembled steel formwork is delivered to the site in sections, with factory certificates of conformity and inspection reports provided, along with trial assembly drawings.

[0072] The design uses 2mm thick Q235 steel plates. Each section of the overall steel formwork is divided into two parts (Part A - First Formwork 1, Part B - Second Formwork 2), which are two L-shaped structures that, when assembled, form a rectangular structure with structural columns.

[0073] Step S4: Adjust the concrete cover for the reinforcing bars and conduct acceptance testing;

[0074] To ensure the thickness of the protective layer of the column reinforcement, spacers are placed on the outside of the column stirrups. The thickness of the spacers is equal to the thickness of the column reinforcement protective layer, which meets the design requirements. The pass rate of the protective layer thickness should reach 90% or more, and there should be no deviation from the dimensional values ​​required by the specifications.

[0075] Step S5: Steel formwork installation, verification, and acceptance;

[0076] After the "L-shaped" steel template structure of each section A and B is assembled into a rectangular structural column, the upper and lower sections are installed. The lower section has a 10cm concave groove 3 on the surface, which allows the bottom vertical steel template of the upper section to be inserted and connected into a whole. The L-shaped steel plates on the A and B sides of each two adjacent structural column templates are staggered and interlocked, so that the upper and lower structural column templates can be fixed by themselves.

[0077] After the steel formwork is installed, two theodolites are used to check in two directions to ensure that the verticality meets the relevant specifications.

[0078] Step S6, concrete pouring;

[0079] When pouring concrete for the same beam and slab, the concrete grade should be no lower than C25. Special attention should be paid to controlling surface flatness (≤5mm) and verticality (≤8mm / total height) to avoid unevenness of the structural columns affecting the installation accuracy of the guide rail supports. Concrete vibration should ensure that all parts of the concrete within the formwork are dense and uniform, avoiding under-vibration, excessive vibration, or missed areas. Immersion vibrators, plate vibrators, or attached vibrators should be used for concrete vibration; manual vibration assistance may be used when necessary. Appropriate vibration methods and times should be selected based on the characteristics of the concrete mixture and the fabrication method of the concrete structure, component, or product.

[0080] This utility model achieves efficient and high-quality construction of elevator shaft structural columns through the integrated application of BIM technology, standardized steel formwork, and refined construction techniques: BIM models guide the factory processing of steel formwork, ensuring the accuracy of arc dimensions and the tightness of joints, reducing on-site adjustment time; customized L-shaped steel formwork (2mm thick Q235B) forms an overall rectangular structure through concave groove insertion, with staggered joints between upper and lower formwork sections for self-fixation, improving structural integrity; strict control over the verticality of the cut surface, hook angle (45° / 90° / 15°), and protective layer thickness (pass rate ≥90%) of the reinforcing steel reinforcement installation ensures structural load-bearing performance; self-compacting concrete of grade C25 or higher is used for concrete pouring, with key control over surface flatness (≤5mm) and verticality (≤8mm / total height) to avoid affecting the installation accuracy of the guide rail supports.

[0081] This utility model eliminates the need for traditional masonry partition walls and ring beams within the elevator shaft through process optimization, reducing the amount of scaffolding erection and steel reinforcement insertion, significantly shortening the construction period and reducing overall costs. At the same time, it improves the reliability of the connection between the structural columns and the main structure, providing an innovative solution for the construction of prefabricated elevator shafts.

[0082] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the utility model involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0083] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the utility model content and embodiments does not absolutely mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the utility model embodiments.

Claims

1. A formwork for structural columns in an elevator shaft, characterized in that, Including: A first formwork (1) and a second formwork (2) whose overall transverse sections are both L-shaped; The structural column formwork formed after assembling the first formwork (1) and the second formwork (2) is used for forming a horse-tooth槎 structure; A concave groove (3) for inserting the bottom of an adjacent structural column formwork is provided at the top of the structural column formwork.

2. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first formwork (1) and the second formwork (2) are symmetrical in size and shape; The first formwork (1) and the second formwork (2) are fixedly connected.

3. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the structural column formwork in the first direction is alternately concave and convex; the longitudinal section of the structural column formwork in the second direction is rectangular; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

4. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first formwork (1) and the second formwork (2) are made of steel formwork.

5. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the steel formwork is not less than 2 mm.

6. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave groove (3) is respectively fixed to the top surfaces of the first formwork (1) and the second formwork (2) by using L-shaped steel formwork.

7. The elevator shaft structural column formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transverse section of the concave groove (3) is in a shape of a Chinese character "回"; The depth of the concave groove (3) is not less than 10 cm, and the width matches the thickness of the steel formwork.

8. A structural column for an elevator shaft, characterized in that: It is spliced by using the elevator shaft structural column formwork according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The elevator shaft structural column according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the structural column is 200 mm and the width is 600 mm.

10. The elevator shaft structural column according to claim 8, characterized in that: The structural column is cast in one go with the construction of the main structure.

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