An underground water multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device
By integrating a multi-parameter monitoring module into a single probe design, the problems of complex installation and low accuracy in low flow velocity measurements of traditional equipment are solved, enabling real-time, high-precision monitoring of multiple groundwater parameters, which is suitable for water resource management and geological disaster early warning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU METRO GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Traditional groundwater monitoring equipment requires multiple probes, which is complex to install and results in poor spatiotemporal data consistency. It also has large measurement errors at low flow velocities, and conductivity sensors are susceptible to electrode polarization and biological contamination, making real-time monitoring impossible.
It integrates a temperature sensor, a four-electrode conductivity sensor, a pressure-type water level sensor, and a thermal pulse flow velocity detection module. It uses a single probe to achieve synchronous acquisition of multiple parameters. Combining the thermal pulse method with a four-electrode design, it solves the problem of low flow velocity measurement and monitors flow velocity and direction by combining water level gradient changes.
It enables real-time monitoring of groundwater temperature, conductivity, and water level, reducing deployment costs, improving data accuracy, and features high integration and adaptive calibration, making it suitable for seepage monitoring and geological disaster early warning.
Smart Images
Figure CN224382539U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of groundwater monitoring technology, and in particular to a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional equipment requires multiple probes (such as thermometers, conductivity meters, and water level gauges), resulting in complex installation and poor spatiotemporal data consistency. Furthermore, flow velocity measurement relies on tracer methods or mechanical rotor flowmeters, leading to large errors at low flow velocities (<1 cm / s) and the inability to monitor in real time. Conductivity sensors are particularly susceptible to electrode polarization and biological contamination, requiring frequent maintenance. Therefore, existing technologies still have limitations and shortcomings.
[0003] Multi-parameter monitoring is a key technology in the field of water resource management and environmental protection. By integrating the Internet of Things, sensors, big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms, it enables real-time, dynamic and accurate monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters of groundwater.
[0004] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by developing a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater, which enables the monitoring of parameters such as temperature, flow velocity and direction, and conductivity.
[0006] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by this utility model is as follows: This utility model provides a multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater, including: an intelligent monitoring probe, an intelligent monitoring terminal, and a connecting wire. The intelligent monitoring probe and the intelligent monitoring terminal are connected through the connecting wire. The intelligent monitoring probe includes a probe shell, with a temperature monitoring module and a water level monitoring module installed at the front end of the probe shell, and a conductivity monitoring module, a flow velocity and direction module, and a signal processing and communication module installed inside. The intelligent monitoring terminal has a column display area including a temperature data display area, a conductivity data display area, and a flow velocity and direction data display area.
[0007] As an optimization, the temperature monitoring module includes a platinum resistance temperature sensor, which is connected to a protective housing, and the protective housing is connected to a probe housing.
[0008] As an optimization, the water level monitoring module includes a silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm for water level sensors, which is disposed at the tail end of the platinum resistance temperature sensor and connected to the probe housing.
[0009] As an optimization, a ceramic heating element is connected to the front end of the probe housing.
[0010] As an optimization, the flow velocity and direction monitoring module uses three high-precision thermistors, which are connected to the probe housing.
[0011] As an optimization, the conductivity monitoring module is a four-electrode conductivity sensor, including a driving electrode and a measuring electrode, which is connected to the probe housing.
[0012] As an optimization, the flow velocity and direction module and the signal processing and communication module include a controller, a first data receiver and a second data receiver. The platinum resistance temperature sensor, the water level sensor silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm, the ceramic heating element, the high-precision thermistor, and the four-electrode conductivity sensor are electrically connected to the first data receiver and the second data receiver through internal ADC channel wires, respectively. The first data receiver and the second data receiver are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is divided into a core algorithm processing area and a data priority and buffer area.
[0013] As an optimization, the connecting wire includes a conductor that is electrically connected to the intelligent monitoring terminal, and the controller is connected to the conductor through the internal ADC channel conductor.
[0014] As an optimization, the probe housing corresponds to the probe wire protective shell connected to the wire, and the probe wire protective shell is connected to the wire tail protective shell.
[0015] As an optimization, the intelligent monitoring terminal is equipped with an intelligent terminal display switch, a power connector, a USB interface, and a user manual trigger button.
[0016] The effects provided in the utility model description are merely those of the embodiments, and not all the effects of the utility model. The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
[0017] (1) This utility model integrates a temperature sensor, a four-electrode conductivity sensor, a pressure-type water level sensor, and a thermal pulse flow velocity detection module to realize real-time monitoring of groundwater temperature, conductivity, and water level. It achieves simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters by a single probe, significantly reducing deployment costs. The thermal pulse method and four-electrode design overcome the problem of low flow velocity measurement, and the data accuracy is better than that of traditional equipment. Based on the thermal pulse propagation time difference and the spatial distribution difference of conductivity, combined with the water level gradient change, it further monitors the groundwater flow velocity and direction. The monitoring terminal simultaneously receives and displays the temperature, conductivity, water level, flow velocity, and flow direction data collected by the probe.
[0018] (2) This utility model solves the problems of traditional equipment having single function, low accuracy of low flow rate measurement and complex deployment of multiple probes. It has high integration, adaptive calibration and long-term stability, and is suitable for seepage monitoring, water resource management and geological disaster early warning. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the probe of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring terminal of this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram: 1. Protective casing; 2. Platinum resistance temperature sensor; 3. Water level sensor silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm; 4. Ceramic heating element; 5. High-precision thermistor; 6. Four-electrode conductivity sensor; 7. Internal ADC channel wires; 8. First data receiver; 9. Second data receiver; 10. Core algorithm processing area; 11. Data priority and buffer zone; 12. Probe wire protective casing; 13. Wire tail protective casing; 14. Wire; 15. Smart terminal display switch; 16. Power connector; 17. Conductivity data display area; 18. Temperature data display area; 19. USB interface; 20. User manual trigger button; 21. Flow rate and direction data display area. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention. The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0024] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a multi-parameter intelligent groundwater monitoring device includes: an intelligent monitoring probe, an intelligent monitoring terminal, and a connecting wire. The intelligent monitoring probe and the intelligent monitoring terminal are connected via the connecting wire. The intelligent monitoring probe includes a probe housing made of 316L stainless steel cylinder with a diameter of 50mm and a total length of 350mm. A temperature monitoring module and a water level monitoring module are installed at the front end of the probe housing, and a conductivity monitoring module, a flow velocity and direction module, and a signal processing and communication module are installed inside. The intelligent monitoring terminal has a columnar display area including a temperature data display area 18, a conductivity data display area 17, and a flow velocity and direction data display area 21. Real-time data is used to plot trend curves of water level, temperature, and conductivity values, and the flow velocity and direction are dynamically displayed using a compass diagram. Historical data can also be retrieved by time range.
[0025] The temperature monitoring module includes a platinum resistance temperature sensor 2, which is encapsulated in a titanium alloy shell and exchanges heat with the external water through thermally conductive silicone to monitor the water temperature in real time. The range is -20℃ to 80℃. The platinum resistance temperature sensor 2 is connected to a protective shell 1, and the protective shell 1 is connected to the probe shell.
[0026] Platinum resistance temperature sensor 2, using a PT1000 platinum resistance thermometer, is encapsulated in a titanium alloy casing and located at the probe tip. The resistance of the platinum resistance thermometer changes highly linearly with temperature, following the formula: where This is the resistance value at 0℃, with a default value of 1000Ω. A =3.9083×10 3 , B = 5.775×10 7
[0027] (1)
[0028] When the power supply is connected, current flows through the wires to power the PT1000. Changes in resistance are converted into a voltage signal, which is transmitted through the wires to the signal processing area. The processor calculates the temperature value using a lookup table method and interpolation. At 0.1°C intervals, based on the measured resistance value, it finds the two adjacent entries in the table. R 1 < R 实测 < R 2. Calculate temperature using linear interpolation:
[0029] (2)
[0030] The water level monitoring module includes a silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm 3 for water level sensor, which is composed of a silicon piezoresistive chip and a stainless steel isolation diaphragm. It is filled with oil and sealed. The silicon piezoresistive chip deforms under pressure, and the resistance change is converted into a voltage signal through a Wheatstone bridge. The signal is then processed and converted into water level elevation. The silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm 3 for water level sensor is located at the tail of the platinum resistance temperature sensor 2 and connected to the probe housing.
[0031] The formula for calculating water level is as follows:
[0032] (3)
[0033] in: V This is the voltage value. k This is the sensor sensitivity coefficient. ρ For the density of water, g This is the acceleration due to gravity.
[0034] The probe housing has a ceramic heating element 4 connected to its inner front end.
[0035] The flow velocity and direction monitoring module is located at the front of the probe, using three high-precision thermistors 5 spaced 20mm apart from the ceramic heating element 4. The high-precision thermistors 5 are connected to the probe housing. The ceramic heating element 4 releases short-duration thermal pulses, records the arrival time difference of the thermal signals, and calculates the flow velocity and flow direction vectors based on the time difference.
[0036] The ceramic heating element 4 releases a short-duration (1s) thermal pulse to heat the surrounding water for a short time. Three high-precision thermistors 5 (T1-T3) are arranged behind it, spaced 5 mm apart. The processor automatically records the time difference between the arrival of the thermal pulse at each sensor. The flow velocity is calculated based on the following formula. L The distance from the heating unit to the sensor is a fixed value of 20 mm; C This is a correction factor for the thermal diffusivity, where high-turbidity water (containing sediment) is included. C The value ranges from 0.7 to 0.9, indicating saline water. C The value ranges from 1.1 to 1.3, and the value for pure water is 1. C The value is dynamically fine-tuned based on real-time conductivity data; it automatically increases if conductivity increases. C This value is used to compensate for the effect of enhanced thermal diffusion.
[0037] (4)
[0038] Groundwater seepage velocity
[0039] Data processor flow direction determination: A two-dimensional flow velocity vector is constructed based on the time difference, and the direction angle θ is calculated using the following formula:
[0040] (5)
[0041] Pause temperature sensor data acquisition during heating element activation to avoid errors. After heating is complete, wait for the local water temperature to recover before resuming temperature measurement.
[0042] The conductivity monitoring module is located in the middle of the probe and is a four-electrode conductivity sensor 6, including two outer driving electrodes and two inner measuring electrodes, connected to the probe housing. The driving electrodes of the four-electrode conductivity sensor 6 are subjected to a 10kHz AC current to avoid electrolytic polarization. The measuring electrodes detect the potential difference in the water body, with a spacing of 10mm and an electrode area of 1cm². 2 The surface is coated with graphene. The conductivity measurement range is 0~5000μS / cm.
[0043] After the probe is powered on, it drives the four-electrode conductivity sensor 6 to apply alternating current to avoid electrode polarization. The measuring electrode detects the potential difference in the solution and transmits it to the data processing module to calculate the solution resistance and convert it into conductivity. L The distance between the electrodes. A For electrode area, R This represents the resistance of the solution.
[0044]
[0045] Multi-scale filtering decomposition: After receiving the data, adaptive filtering is performed on the original temperature and conductivity signals. Adaptive filtering algorithms can be divided into two main categories: linear adaptive filtering and nonlinear adaptive filtering, as shown in the table below. The core of selecting an adaptive filtering algorithm is to balance performance and complexity. When the data signal is stable, LMS (Least Mean Square) filtering is selected; when the data is a non-stationary signal, Kalman filtering is selected; and when the data has large outlier deviations, neural network filtering is selected.
[0046] Table 1 Linear Adaptive Filtering
[0047]
[0048] Table 2 Nonlinear Adaptive Filtering
[0049]
[0050] After initial selection and filtering decomposition, joint constraints are constructed using the physical coupling relationship between temperature and conductivity (temperature compensation model).
[0051]
[0052] Data that is automatically marked as useless will no longer be processed. The remaining data will be transferred to the intermediate processing stage.
[0053] The flow velocity and direction module and the signal processing and communication module are located in the middle and rear section of the probe, including a controller, a first data receiver 8 and a second data receiver 9. The platinum resistance temperature sensor 2, the water level sensor silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm 3, the ceramic heating element 4, the high-precision thermistor 5, and the four-electrode conductivity sensor 6 are electrically connected to the first data receiver 8 and the second data receiver 9 through internal ADC channel wires 7. The first data receiver 8 and the second data receiver 9 are electrically connected to the controller. The controller is divided into a core algorithm processing area 10 and a data priority and buffer area 11.
[0054] The core algorithm processing area 10 converts data into corresponding values based on the formula mentioned above. Data priorities are set within the buffer, with high-priority data including temperature, conductivity, and water level, updated every second. Flow velocity and direction are low-priority, updated as needed (every 5 minutes), and processed independently without physical fusion.
[0055] The core algorithm processing area 10 transmits data to the intelligent monitoring terminal and automatically generates images. The data received by the intelligent monitoring terminal is stored in buffer 11, and the data values are mapped to screen pixel coordinates. By encoding the flow velocity vector into a line integral convolution (LIC) texture, a high-resolution flow velocity map is generated. The flow velocity and direction are represented by arrows, the length of which is proportional to the flow velocity, and the direction is determined by the angle. θ The system decides to update the arrow position in real time, animate the transition, and automatically save the data from the last 24 hours.
[0056] The connecting wire includes wire 14, which is electrically connected to the intelligent monitoring terminal. The controller is connected to wire 14 through the internal ADC channel wire 7. The outer layer of wire 14 is a polyurethane wear-resistant sheath, with embedded power supply and signal transmission lines. The probe end interface and display end interface are sealed to prevent water leakage.
[0057] The probe housing is connected to the probe wire protective shell 12 corresponding to the wire 14. The probe wire protective shell 12 is connected to the wire tail protective shell 13. The wire 14 passes through the probe wire protective shell 12 and the wire tail protective shell 13.
[0058] The intelligent monitoring terminal is equipped with an intelligent terminal display switch 15, a power connector 16, a USB interface 19, and a user manual trigger button 20.
[0059] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:
[0060] Initialization Phase: The smart terminal and probe are connected via wire 14 and power connector 16. The probe performs a self-test (1 minute) to check the sensor status. If the self-test fails, a fault code "eorr" is reported in the conductivity data display area 17, and the device enters sleep mode. Main Circulation Monitoring Phase: Basic parameters (temperature, conductivity, water level) are synchronously acquired. Signals from the three sensors are simultaneously acquired via ADC channel 7, with a total time of approximately 8ms. Flow velocity and direction trigger-based measurement: Trigger conditions: fixed period (e.g., every 5 minutes); sudden change in conductivity (e.g., rate of change > 5% / minute); or pressing the user's manual command key 20. Thermal Pulse Activation: Temperature sensor acquisition is paused (to avoid interference). The heating element is powered on for 1 second, releasing a thermal pulse. The three downstream temperature sensors record the arrival time difference of the thermal signals. The data processing area workflow involves signal reception, where data synchronously acquired by the ADC channel is received via the first data receiver 8 and the second data receiver 9. This data is then transmitted to the core algorithm processing area 10 to calculate temperature, conductivity, and flow velocity / direction data. Based on priority, this data is stored in the data priority buffer 11. Simultaneously, historical data from the smart terminal is also stored in the buffer 11. These two processes are relatively independent and do not interfere with each other. The data is transmitted to the smart terminal via wire 14. The terminal internally uses a graphics rendering engine to generate curves and vector flow direction diagrams, which are then displayed in the conductivity data display area 17, temperature data display area 18, and flow velocity / direction data display area 21, respectively.
[0061] Although the specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Based on the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims
1. An underground water multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device, characterized in that, include: The system includes an intelligent monitoring probe, an intelligent monitoring terminal, and a connecting wire, wherein the intelligent monitoring probe and the intelligent monitoring terminal are connected via the connecting wire. The intelligent monitoring probe includes a probe housing, with a temperature monitoring module and a water level monitoring module installed at the front end of the probe housing, and a conductivity monitoring module, a flow velocity and flow direction module, and a signal processing and communication module installed inside; The intelligent monitoring terminal's multi-column display area includes a temperature data display area (18), a conductivity data display area (17), and a flow velocity and direction data display area (21).
2. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring module includes a platinum resistance temperature sensor (2), which is connected to a protective shell (1), and the protective shell (1) is connected to a probe shell.
3. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water level monitoring module includes a silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm (3) for water level sensors, which is disposed at the tail of the platinum resistance temperature sensor (2) and connected to the probe housing.
4. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The probe housing has a ceramic heating element (4) connected to its inner front end.
5. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow velocity and direction monitoring module uses three high-precision thermistors (5), which are connected to the probe housing.
6. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conductivity monitoring module is a four-electrode conductivity sensor (6), which includes a driving electrode and a measuring electrode, and is connected to the probe housing.
7. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flow velocity and direction module and the signal processing and communication module include a controller, a first data receiver (8) and a second data receiver (9). The platinum resistance temperature sensor (2), the water level sensor silicon piezoresistive pressure diaphragm (3), the ceramic heating element (4), the high-precision thermistor (5), and the four-electrode conductivity sensor (6) are electrically connected to the first data receiver (8) and the second data receiver (9) through internal ADC channel wires (7). The first data receiver (8) and the second data receiver (9) are electrically connected to the controller. The controller is divided into a core algorithm processing area (10) and a data priority and buffer area (11).
8. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting wire includes a wire (14), which is electrically connected to the intelligent monitoring terminal. The controller is connected to the wire (14) through the internal ADC channel wire (7).
9. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 8, characterized in that: The probe housing is connected to the probe wire protective shell (12) corresponding to the wire (14), and the probe wire protective shell (12) is connected to the wire tail protective shell (13).
10. The multi-parameter intelligent monitoring device for groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring terminal is equipped with an intelligent terminal display switch (15), a power connector (16), a USB interface (19), and a user manual trigger button (20).