A launching control device and control system based on a laser ceilometer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of launch control device and control system based on laser cloud height appearance.The launch control device includes the first electric adjustment unit, the second electric adjustment unit, optical adjustment frame and lens unit that are sequentially arranged, and the first cylindrical mirror fixed on the first electric adjustment unit, the second cylindrical mirror fixed on the second electric adjustment unit, the plane mirror fixed on optical adjustment frame, and lens unit is oppositely arranged with plane mirror;The first cylindrical mirror and the first electric adjustment unit are used for the collimation of meridian plane laser divergence angle, the second cylindrical mirror and the second electric adjustment unit are used for the collimation of sagittal plane laser divergence angle, optical adjustment frame and plane mirror are used for adjusting beam pointing, and lens unit is used for the secondary collimation of light beam.The launch control device becomes four-piece optical path design and uses electric adjustment unit, integrated design, simple and compact structure, through full electric control adjustment, fast response, without manual adjustment on site, and manpower cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an atmospheric detection device, and more particularly to a transmission control device and control system based on a laser ceilometer. Background Technology

[0002] In atmospheric science and weather forecasting research, cloud research is a crucial component. By observing cloud shape, amount, and spatial distribution, we can predict atmospheric motion and trends, providing guidance for daily life and production activities. Laser cloud altimeters, with their high precision, high resolution, and real-time cloud information acquisition capabilities, have become indispensable equipment in meteorological observation, aviation meteorological support, and military meteorological support. Their working mechanism is based on atmospheric scattering theory and lidar principles. Typically, a pulsed semiconductor laser diode emits a laser pulse, which is collimated by an optical system and projected into the sky at a specific divergence angle. The laser interacts with particles in the cloud, generating backscattered light. The receiving system captures this scattered light and, through photoelectric conversion, signal processing, and complex inversion algorithms, accurately calculates key meteorological parameters such as cloud base height and cloud thickness.

[0003] Existing laser astrolabe height meters typically achieve their divergence angle using complex combinations of optical components. These combinations involve numerous components, demanding installation and debugging, increasing system complexity and cost. They also result in large, heavy devices, hindering portability and maintenance. Furthermore, complex optical component combinations introduce optical losses, reducing output power. While this may improve energy concentration, overall energy loss affects detection distance and accuracy, particularly noticeable in long-distance detection or weak signal environments. Mechanical adjustment schemes are usually manual, resulting in poor adjustment precision, which is unsuitable for scenarios requiring high divergence angle accuracy. For example, Chinese patent CN117215078A discloses a variable divergence angle laser illumination lens based on beam shaping. This includes a beam shaping lens group and a beam expander / focusing lens group arranged sequentially along the beam transmission direction. The beam-shaping lens assembly includes a first cylindrical lens with negative optical power and two second and third cylindrical lenses with positive optical power located on either side of it. The beam-expanding and focusing lens assembly includes a first mirror lens with negative optical power and two second and third spherical lenses with positive optical power located on either side of it, which can improve the concentration of light energy. However, the combination of multiple lenses makes the optical system more complex, increases cost and size, and requires higher precision in installation and adjustment; moreover, the lens assembly may introduce certain optical losses, affecting the output power of the laser. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the limitations of traditional laser ceilometer transmitters, which are restricted by fixed divergence and pointing angles and cannot be remotely adjusted according to detection distance and signal-to-noise ratio requirements, resulting in high manpower input and maintenance costs, this invention provides a transmission control device based on a laser ceilometer. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A laser astrolabe-based emission control device includes: a first electrically adjustable unit disposed on one side of a laser; a first cylindrical mirror disposed on the first electrically adjustable unit; a second electrically adjustable unit disposed on one side of the first electrically adjustable unit; a second cylindrical mirror disposed on the second electrically adjustable unit; an optical adjustment frame disposed on one side of the second electrically adjustable unit; a plane mirror disposed on the optical adjustment frame; and a lens unit disposed opposite to the plane mirror. The first cylindrical mirror and the first electrically adjustable unit are used for collimating the laser divergence angle in the meridional plane; the second cylindrical mirror and the second electrically adjustable unit are used for collimating the laser divergence angle in the sagittal plane; the optical adjustment frame and the plane mirror are used for adjusting the beam direction; and the lens unit is used for secondary collimation of the beam.

[0006] Preferably, the first electric adjustment unit includes: an adjustment base having a light-transmitting hole and a first adjustment groove communicating with the light-transmitting hole; a first moving component disposed on the adjustment base; and a first fixed base disposed on the first moving component and movably inserted into the first adjustment groove; wherein the first cylindrical mirror is mounted on the first fixed base and located within the light-transmitting hole, and the first moving component is used to adjust the distance between the first cylindrical mirror and the laser.

[0007] Furthermore, the first moving component includes: a first lead screw rotatably mounted on the adjusting base; a first nut mounted on the first lead screw; and a first motor mounted on the adjusting base and connected to the first lead screw.

[0008] The first moving component further includes: a first active bevel gear disposed on the first motor; and a first driven bevel gear disposed on the first lead screw and meshing with the first active bevel gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the second electric adjustment unit includes: a second moving component disposed on the adjustment base; and a second fixed base disposed on the second moving component and movably inserted into the second adjustment groove of the adjustment base; wherein the second cylindrical mirror is mounted on the second fixed base and located within the light-transmitting hole, and the second moving component is used to adjust the distance between the second cylindrical mirror and the first cylindrical mirror.

[0010] Furthermore, the second moving component includes: a second lead screw rotatably mounted on the adjusting base; a second nut mounted on the second lead screw; and a second motor mounted on the adjusting base and connected to the second lead screw.

[0011] The second moving component further includes: a second active bevel gear disposed on the second motor; and a second driven bevel gear disposed on the second lead screw and meshing with the second active bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, the lens unit includes any one of a ball-ground lens, a non-ball-ground lens, or a lens group.

[0013] A transmission control system based on a laser ceilometer includes: a transmission control device based on a laser ceilometer; a receiving telescope for collecting echo signals scattered by the atmosphere; a photodetector connected to the receiving telescope; and a signal processing control unit connected to the transmission control device and the photodetector, respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention provides a laser astrolabe-based emission control device that achieves laser emission angle collimation through a cylindrical mirror, adjusts the beam direction through a plane mirror, and achieves secondary collimation through a lens unit. This greatly reduces the number of lenses, resulting in smaller size, simpler optical system structure, easier installation and debugging, reduced optical loss, and reduced impact on laser output power. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the launch control device;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the launch control device;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the launch control unit;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the first electric adjustment unit and the first cylindrical mirror;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The front view;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second electric adjustment unit and the second cylindrical mirror;

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The front view;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the optical adjustment frame and the plane mirror;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of the control system. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a laser astrolabe-based emission control device includes a first electric adjustment unit 1, a second electric adjustment unit 3, an optical adjustment frame 6, and a lens unit 8 arranged sequentially, as well as a first cylindrical mirror 2, a second cylindrical mirror 4, and a plane mirror 7. The first cylindrical mirror 2 is mounted on the first electric adjustment unit 1 and is located on one side of the laser; the second cylindrical mirror 4 is mounted on the second electric adjustment unit 3, and the plane mirror 7 is mounted on the optical adjustment frame 6. The lens unit 8 is arranged opposite to the plane mirror 7. The first cylindrical mirror 2 and the first electric adjustment unit 1 are used for collimation of the laser divergence angle in the meridional plane, the second cylindrical mirror 4 and the second electric adjustment unit 3 are used for collimation of the laser divergence angle in the sagittal plane, the optical adjustment frame 6 and the plane mirror 7 are used to adjust the beam direction, and the lens unit 8 is used for secondary collimation of the beam.

[0027] It integrates a simplified four-lens optical path and an electric adjustment structure, resulting in a simple, compact, and highly integrated design that facilitates installation and transportation. The electric adjustment offers high precision and strong light source adaptability, allowing for expanded applications with different lasers and meeting the control requirements of varying divergence angles, effectively improving the equipment's detection performance.

[0028] It adopts fully electronic control and adjustment, eliminating the need for manual adjustment. Manual adjustment is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also lacks accuracy and cannot meet the requirements for rapid response. Electric adjustment and control can be performed remotely, eliminating the need for on-site manual adjustment and effectively reducing labor and maintenance costs.

[0029] By adjusting the laser divergence and pointing angles, the detection performance of laser ceilometers can be effectively improved. This solves the problem that existing traditional laser ceilometers are limited by fixed divergence and pointing angle designs, making remote adjustments impossible based on detection distance and signal-to-noise ratio requirements, resulting in high manpower investment and maintenance costs. Adding an electric adjustment unit to the transmitter allows for adaptation to various laser light sources with different divergence angles, breaking the equipment's dependence on a specific light source. Furthermore, the laser divergence and pointing angles can be remotely corrected based on signal conditions, reducing the cost of regular on-site maintenance of traditional fixed transmitters. This provides a more efficient and flexible technical solution for the operational application of laser ceilometers in atmospheric sounding.

[0030] The first electric adjustment unit 1 includes an adjustment base 5, a first moving component, and a first fixed base 11. The adjustment base 5 is provided with a light-transmitting hole 53, a first adjustment groove 51, and a second adjustment groove. The light-transmitting hole 53 is arranged along the length direction and is a through hole. The first adjustment groove 51 and the second adjustment groove are perpendicular to the light-transmitting hole 53 and communicate with it. The first moving component is mounted on the adjustment base 5 and connected to the first fixed base 11. The first fixed base 11 is movably inserted into the first adjustment groove 51 and connected to the first cylindrical mirror 2. The first cylindrical mirror 2 is arranged coaxially with the light-transmitting hole 53, and the light-transmitting hole 53 is arranged coaxially with the laser. The first moving component is used to adjust the distance between the first cylindrical mirror 2 and the laser. The first moving component includes a first lead screw 13, a first nut 12, a first motor 16, a first driving bevel gear 15, and a first driven bevel gear 14. The two ends of the first lead screw 13 are rotatably mounted on the adjusting base 5 via bearing seats. The first nut 12 is mounted on the first lead screw 13 and connected to the first fixed base 11. The first driven bevel gear 14 is fixed to the first lead screw 13 and meshes with the first driving bevel gear 15. The first driving bevel gear 15 is mounted on the first motor 16. The first motor 16 drives the first lead screw 13 to rotate via the first driving bevel gear 15 and the first driven bevel gear 14. The first lead screw 13 drives the first fixed base 11 to move via the first nut 12, thereby moving the first cylindrical mirror 2 to adjust the distance between the first cylindrical mirror 2 and the laser.

[0031] The adjustment base 5 is mounted on the base plate, the optical adjustment bracket 6 is also fixed on the base plate, the lens unit 8 is mounted on the lens barrel 81, and the lens barrel 81 is mounted on the base plate.

[0032] The structure of the second electric adjustment unit 3 is the same as that of the first electric adjustment unit 1. The second electric adjustment unit 3 includes a second moving component and a second fixed base 31. The second moving component is mounted on the adjustment base 5 and connected to the second fixed base 31. The second fixed base 31 is movably inserted into the second adjustment slot and connected to the second cylindrical mirror 4. The second cylindrical mirror 4 is coaxially arranged with the first cylindrical mirror 2. The second moving component is used to adjust the distance between the second cylindrical mirror 4 and the first cylindrical mirror 2. The second moving component includes a second lead screw 33, a second nut 32, a second motor 36, a second driving bevel gear 35, and a second driven bevel gear 34. The two ends of the second lead screw 33 are rotatably mounted on the adjustment base 5 through bearing seats. The second nut 32 is mounted on the second lead screw 33 and connected to the second fixed base 31. The second driven bevel gear 34 is fixed on the second lead screw 33 and meshes with the second driving bevel gear 35. The second driving bevel gear 35 is mounted on the second motor 36. The second motor 36 drives the second lead screw 33 to rotate via the second active bevel gear 35 and the second driven bevel gear 34. The second lead screw 33 drives the second fixed seat 31 to move via the second nut 32, thereby realizing the movement of the second cylindrical mirror 4 to adjust the distance between the second cylindrical mirror 4 and the laser.

[0033] Lens unit 8 includes any one of the following: a ball-ground lens, a non-ball-ground lens, or a lens group.

[0034] Lasers: Pulsed laser diodes (905nm semiconductor lasers), solid-state lasers (1064nm, 532nm, etc.), infrared LEDs, etc. can be used.

[0035] Semiconductor lasers have a large divergence angle, typically ranging from 10° to 40°, and the divergence angles of the meridional and sagittal planes are different, resulting in an elliptical output spot. Astigmatism correction needs to be considered, and collimation needs to be performed separately. The collimated beam can form a more suitable spot, which can automatically adjust the intensity of the target echo signal, improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), detection range, and inversion effect.

[0036] The first electric adjustment unit 1 has a minimum adjustment step of 30nm and a stroke of 9mm. Based on the near-ground particulate matter concentration information output by the signal processing and control unit, the electric adjustment unit adjusts the position of the first cylindrical mirror 2 according to the preset position information, adjusting the distance between it and the laser. This pre-collimates the laser beam emitted within the meridional plane, controlling the divergence angle within a certain range. In the other direction, the laser is unfocused, and the divergence angle remains constant, achieving collimation control of the laser divergence angle in the meridional plane. The position information is fed back to the signal processing and control unit in real time, achieving optimal detection output. The first cylindrical mirror 2 is a cylindrical lens, which can be a cylindrical spherical surface or a cylindrical aspherical surface.

[0037] The second electric adjustment unit 3 is identical to the first electric adjustment unit 1. Based on the near-ground particulate matter concentration information output by the signal processing and control unit, the electric adjustment unit adjusts the position of the second cylindrical mirror 4 according to preset position information, adjusting the distance between it and the first cylindrical mirror 2. This pre-collimates the laser beam emitted in the sagittal plane, controlling the divergence angle within a certain range. In the other direction, the laser is unfocused, and the divergence angle remains constant, achieving collimation control of the laser divergence angle in the sagittal plane and achieving optimal detection results. The second cylindrical mirror 4 is a cylindrical lens, which can be a cylindrical spherical surface or a cylindrical aspherical surface. After passing through two cylindrical lenses, the emitted light spot is approximately circular.

[0038] The optical adjustment frame 6 is a commercially available and mature product. The optical adjustment frame 6 consists of a fixed mirror frame and two drive motors. The initial angle is 45°. Based on the real-time inversion information of near-ground particles, when the detection requirements are not met, the angle of the plane mirror 7 is electrically adjusted to adjust the beam direction, ensuring that the receiver can reliably receive the echo signal and meet the signal-to-noise ratio threshold requirements, thus ensuring the detection performance of the equipment.

[0039] Lens unit 8 is a convex lens that can perform secondary collimation on the light emitted from the reflector to obtain a final, more ideal collimated light. This convex lens can be spherical, aspherical, or a combination of multiple lenses. The core principle is beam quality optimization: reducing aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism to ensure that the divergence angle of the collimated beam meets the detection requirements.

[0040] The transmitter integrates a four-piece optical path design and employs an electrically adjustable unit. This integrated design results in a simple and compact structure. Electrical adjustment of the lens positions achieves a positioning accuracy of 30nm, adapting to laser sources with different divergence angles and enhancing the device's versatility. Based on real-time inversion data, the divergence and pointing angles can be remotely controlled and adjusted to ensure optimal signal-to-noise ratio. Fully electrically controlled adjustment provides rapid response, eliminating the need for manual on-site adjustments and effectively reducing labor costs. Furthermore, the laser divergence and pointing angles can be remotely corrected based on signal conditions, reducing the cost of regular on-site maintenance of traditional fixed transmitters. This provides a more efficient and flexible technical solution for the operational application of laser ceilometers in atmospheric sounding.

[0041] like Figure 9 As shown, a transmission control system based on a laser ceilometer includes: a transmission control device based on a laser ceilometer, a receiving telescope, a photodetector, and a signal processing control unit. The receiving telescope is used to collect echo signals scattered by the atmosphere; the photodetector is connected to the receiving telescope; and the signal processing control unit is connected to both the transmission control device and the photodetector.

[0042] Receiving telescope: Collects echo signals scattered by the atmosphere. Cassegrain telescopes, Galileo telescopes, etc. can be used.

[0043] Photodetectors: Avalanche photodiodes (APDs), photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), etc., can be used, which have the characteristics of high sensitivity for detecting weak signals;

[0044] Signal processing and control unit: This unit controls and coordinates the operation of various modules of the astronomical observatory, including information reception, feedback, and module adjustment control of the transmission collimation control module; it processes, inverts, and displays data products from the signals collected by the photodetector; and it can also perform instrument calibration, fault diagnosis, and alarm functions. When a fault or abnormality is detected, the control module will issue an alarm signal and transmit relevant information to the user or remote monitoring center.

[0045] The technical principles of this utility model have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A transmission control device based on a laser astronomy metric, characterized in that, include: The first electric adjustment unit (1) is located on one side of the laser; The first cylindrical mirror (2) is disposed on the first electric adjustment unit (1); The second electric adjustment unit (3) is located on one side of the first electric adjustment unit (1); The second cylindrical mirror (4) is mounted on the second electric adjustment unit (3); An optical adjustment bracket (6) is located on one side of the second electric adjustment unit (3); A plane mirror (7) is mounted on the optical adjustment frame (6); and The lens unit (8) is disposed opposite to the plane mirror (7); The first cylindrical mirror (2) and the first electric adjustment unit (1) are used for collimation of the laser divergence angle in the meridional plane, the second cylindrical mirror (4) and the second electric adjustment unit (3) are used for collimation of the laser divergence angle in the sagittal plane, the optical adjustment frame (6) and the plane mirror (7) are used for adjusting the beam direction, and the lens unit (8) is used for secondary collimation of the beam.

2. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electric adjustment unit (1) includes: The adjustment base (5) is provided with a light-transmitting hole (53) and a first adjustment groove (51) communicating with the light-transmitting hole (53); A first movable component is disposed on the adjustment base (5); and The first fixed seat (11) is disposed on the first movable component and is movably inserted into the first adjustment slot (51); The first cylindrical mirror (2) is mounted on the first fixed base (11) and located inside the light-transmitting hole (53). The first moving component is used to adjust the distance between the first cylindrical mirror (2) and the laser.

3. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first moving component includes: The first lead screw (13) is rotatably mounted on the adjustment base (5); The first nut (12) is disposed on the first lead screw (13); and The first motor (16) is mounted on the adjustment base (5) and connected to the first lead screw (13).

4. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first moving component also includes: The first active bevel gear (15) is disposed on the first motor (16); and The first driven bevel tooth (14) is disposed on the first lead screw (13) and meshes with the first driving bevel tooth (15).

5. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second electric adjustment unit (3) includes: The second movable component is disposed on the adjustment base (5); and The second fixed seat (31) is provided on the second movable component and is movably inserted into the second adjustment slot of the adjustment base (5); The second cylindrical mirror (4) is mounted on the second fixed base (31) and located inside the light-transmitting hole (53). The second moving component is used to adjust the distance between the second cylindrical mirror (4) and the first cylindrical mirror (2).

6. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy metric according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second moving component includes: The second lead screw (33) is rotatably mounted on the adjustment base (5); The second nut (32) is provided on the second lead screw (33); and The second motor (36) is mounted on the adjustment base (5) and connected to the second lead screw (33).

7. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second moving component also includes: The second active bevel gear (35) is disposed on the second motor (36); and The second driven bevel tooth (34) is provided on the second lead screw (33) and meshes with the second driving bevel tooth (35).

8. The emission control device based on a laser astronomy horn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lens unit (8) includes any one of the following: a ball-ground lens, a non-ball-ground lens, or a lens group.

9. A transmission control system based on a laser astronomy horn, characterized in that, include: A transmission control device based on a laser ceilometer as described in claim 1; A receiving telescope used to collect echo signals scattered by the atmosphere; A photodetector is connected to the receiving telescope; as well as The signal processing and control unit is connected to the transmission control device and the photodetector, respectively.

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