Ventilation structure of box-type substation

Abstract

This utility model relates to a ventilation structure for a prefabricated substation, including a box and a transformer. The transformer includes a lower base and an upper yoke. A transformer fan is mounted on the base. The transformer is located inside the box on one side. Multiple sets of forward and reverse fans are located at the upper end of the box corresponding to the transformer, and bottom ventilation holes are located at the bottom corresponding to the transformer. Ventilation windows are located on the lower ends of both sides of the box. A first temperature sensor is located on the side of the box without the transformer, a second temperature sensor is located on the transformer base, and a third temperature sensor is located on the upper yoke. Ventilation adjustment components are located on both sides of the box, each including a movable baffle. The ventilation windows are blocked by the corresponding baffle. This utility model is designed to address special conditions such as uneven internal temperature and low external temperature environments in prefabricated substations, enabling flexible adjustment according to ventilation needs under different circumstances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of prefabricated substations, specifically a ventilation structure for prefabricated substations. Background Technology

[0002] Temperature control inside a prefabricated substation is crucial for the safe and stable operation of its equipment. Currently, ventilation and heat dissipation in prefabricated substations mainly include two methods: natural air cooling and forced air cooling. Natural air cooling mainly refers to using the principle of natural air convection to expel internal heat through the heat dissipation holes and ventilation windows of the enclosure. This method does not require additional energy consumption, but the ventilation effect is limited. Forced air cooling, on the other hand, mainly uses devices such as fans to accelerate the airflow speed inside the enclosure, thereby accelerating the evaporation of heat.

[0003] With the development of society and the economy, prefabricated substations now have higher requirements for internal temperature control. For example, as the size of prefabricated substations increases, the internal temperature often becomes inconsistent. For instance, in cases where a transformer fan is mounted on the transformer base, the base temperature is lower than the temperature of the transformer's yoke. Furthermore, many prefabricated transformers require a safe operating environment temperature between -25℃ and 40℃. Excessively high internal temperatures can affect the normal operation of equipment components, while excessively low temperatures may cause low-temperature failures. However, even in low-temperature environments, prefabricated substations need to maintain adequate ventilation to prevent moisture condensation and avoid dampness affecting electrical components.

[0004] Existing prefabricated substations typically only have one fan, whose airflow regulation capability is very limited and can hardly meet practical needs. For example, patent CN222261917U discloses a ventilation and heat dissipation structure for prefabricated substations, which has only one circulating fan on the lower surface of the high-voltage transformer box. This circulating fan cannot achieve heat dissipation regulation inside the high-voltage transformer box. This structure mainly relies on the angle adjustment of the ventilation angle plate and the unfolding adjustment of the protective cover to achieve internal heat dissipation regulation. Another example is patent CN210273278U, which discloses an intelligent prefabricated substation that achieves ventilation and heat dissipation regulation by installing a horizontally movable cooling fan inside the upper part of the main box of the substation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a ventilation structure for a prefabricated substation, which is designed for special conditions such as uneven internal temperature and low external temperature environment, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the ventilation needs under different conditions.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A ventilation structure for a prefabricated substation includes a prefabricated enclosure and a transformer. The transformer includes a lower base and an upper yoke. A transformer fan is mounted on the base. The transformer is located inside the enclosure on one side. Multiple sets of forward and reverse rotating fans are located on the upper outer side of the enclosure corresponding to the transformer position. A bottom ventilation hole is located on the bottom of the enclosure corresponding to the transformer position. Ventilation windows are provided at the lower ends of both the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the enclosure. A first temperature sensor is located on the side of the enclosure without the transformer. A second temperature sensor is located on the transformer base. A third temperature sensor is located on the upper yoke of the transformer. Ventilation regulating components are provided inside both the high-voltage and low-voltage sides of the enclosure. The ventilation regulating components include movable baffles, and the ventilation windows are blocked by the corresponding baffles.

[0008] The ventilation adjustment assembly includes a lead screw, a lead screw sleeve, a motor, and a baffle slide. The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the housing, the baffle slide is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing, the lead screw sleeve is fitted onto the lead screw and fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding baffle, and the lower end of the baffle is provided with a sliding element that cooperates with the baffle slide. The lead screw is driven to rotate by the motor.

[0009] The lead screw is equipped with a baffle closing limit block and a baffle opening limit block. When the ventilation window is fully open without being blocked by the baffle, the baffle contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle opening limit block. When the baffle completely blocks the ventilation window, the baffle contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle closing limit block.

[0010] The bottom of the box has a suspended gap below the air vent.

[0011] The lower surface of the box is raised by multiple pads to form the suspended gap.

[0012] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. This utility model addresses the issue of uneven internal temperature in a prefabricated substation enclosure by using multiple temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of various parts inside the enclosure in real time. It also allows for flexible control of the number and rotation direction of each set of forward and reverse fans, thereby enabling flexible adjustment of the ventilation airflow inside the enclosure.

[0014] 2. When the external low temperature environment is encountered, the present invention closes each ventilation window by moving the baffle in the ventilation adjustment component. At this time, the ventilation duct inside the box is mainly formed by the forward and reverse fan at the top and the air hole at the bottom of the box to ensure proper ventilation, thereby avoiding moisture condensation that could cause electrical components to become damp.

[0015] 3. In the case of low external temperature environment, the forward and reverse fans blow air into the box. In this way, the cold air can first pass through the relatively warm upper part of the transformer to achieve a certain degree of preheating effect. In addition, the openings at each set of forward and reverse fans are limited, so a large amount of cold air will not be introduced, thus preventing the temperature inside the box from becoming too low.

[0016] 4. Since the ventilation adjustment component of this utility model achieves the movement drive of the baffle through the lead screw and nut transmission, this utility model can also accurately adjust the movement of each baffle according to actual needs, thereby accurately controlling the amount of obstruction of each ventilation window to achieve ventilation volume adjustment, thus further improving the flexibility of use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another angle structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 View A in the middle,

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation regulation component used in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural diagram of the single-unit baffle and ventilation window.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the damper of the central ventilation regulating component in the closed state.

[0025] Among them, 1 is the housing, 2 is the forward and reverse fan, 3 is the ventilation window, 4 is the ventilation adjustment component, 401 is the baffle, 402 is the screw nut, 403 is the lead screw, 4031 is the baffle closing limit block, 4032 is the baffle opening limit block, 404 is the baffle slide, 405 is the motor, 5 is the bottom air hole of the housing, 6 is the first temperature sensor, 7 is the transformer, 701 is the base, and 702 is the upper yoke. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this utility model includes a housing 1 and a transformer 7, wherein... Figures 4-5 As shown, transformer 7 is located inside the enclosure 1 on one side, and as... Figures 1-3 As shown, multiple sets of forward and reverse rotating fans 2 are provided on the outer upper part of the enclosure 1 corresponding to the position of the transformer 7, and bottom ventilation holes 5 are provided on the bottom corresponding to the position of the transformer 7. Ventilation windows 3 are provided on both the lower high-voltage side and the lower low-voltage side of the enclosure 1; Figure 4 As shown, a first temperature sensor 6 is installed on the side of the housing 1 where the transformer 7 is not located; as Figure 5 As shown, the transformer 7 includes a lower base 701 and an upper yoke 702. The base 701 of the transformer 7 is equipped with a transformer fan and a second temperature sensor, while the upper yoke 702 of the transformer 7 is equipped with a third temperature sensor. The structure of the transformer 7 is known in the art. Furthermore, the forward and reverse rotating fan 2 and each temperature sensor are commercially available products.

[0028] like Figures 6-8 As shown, ventilation adjustment components 4 are provided inside both the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the enclosure 1. Each ventilation adjustment component 4 includes a lead screw 403, a lead screw sleeve 402, a baffle 401, a motor 405, and a baffle slide rail 404. The lead screw 403 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the enclosure 1 via bearings at both ends. The baffle slide rail 404 is fixed to the inner wall of the enclosure 1. The lead screw sleeve 402 is fitted onto the lead screw 403 and fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding baffle 401. The lower end of the baffle 401 has a sliding element that cooperates with the baffle slide rail 404. The lead screw 403 is driven to rotate by the motor 405. The motor 405 can be positioned appropriately inside or outside the enclosure 1 as needed. Furthermore, this invention only requires two additional motors 405 to achieve simultaneous closing of the ventilation windows 3 on both sides of the enclosure 1, without significantly increasing equipment costs. When this utility model is in operation, the motor 405 drives the lead screw 403 to rotate, thereby causing each lead screw nut 402 on the lead screw 403 to move synchronously and drive each baffle 401 to move synchronously. Each baffle 401 then blocks the corresponding ventilation window 3, thereby realizing the adjustment of the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation window 3.

[0029] like Figures 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the lead screw 403 is fixed with a plurality of baffle closing limiting blocks 4031 and a plurality of baffle opening limiting blocks 4032. The baffle closing limiting blocks 4031 are located on one side of the corresponding ventilation window 3, and the baffle opening limiting blocks 4032 are located on the other side of the corresponding ventilation window 3. Figure 6As shown, when the ventilation window 3 is fully open without being blocked by the baffle 401, the baffle 401 contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle opening limit block 4032, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, when the baffle 401 completely blocks the ventilation window 3, the baffle 401 contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle closing limit block 4031.

[0030] In this embodiment, the sliding element can be of a suitable form as needed, such as a pulley or slider that slides along the baffle slide 404. Additionally, in this embodiment, the ventilation window 3 adopts a louver structure, and each louver of the ventilation window 3 is located on the outside of the housing 1, thus not affecting the movement of the baffle 401 inside the housing 1. The louver structure is a well-known technology in the art; for example, see patent CN222261917U.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, a suspended gap is provided on the lower side of the bottom air hole 5 of the box, so that airflow can enter and exit the bottom air hole 5 of the box through the suspended gap. In this embodiment, multiple pads can be set on the lower surface of the box 1 to raise the box 1, so that a certain height is maintained between the lower surface of the box 1 and the ground to form the suspended gap.

[0032] The number of ventilation windows 3 on both sides of the housing 1 can be set according to actual needs, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of ventilation windows 3 provided on the high-pressure side of the enclosure 1 is greater than the number of ventilation windows 3 provided on the low-pressure side of the enclosure 1.

[0033] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0034] This invention can be flexibly controlled according to actual conditions. Several application examples are listed below for illustration.

[0035] Application Example 1:

[0036] This application example is for a situation where a transformer fan is installed on the base 701 of transformer 7, such as... Figure 5 As shown, since the transformer fan can also play a certain role in heat dissipation, the temperature of the base 701 at the lower end of the transformer will be lower than the temperature of the upper yoke 702 at the upper end of the transformer 7. At this time, the first temperature sensor 6 is used to detect the temperature of the side of the housing 1 where the transformer 7 is not installed in real time, the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the lower end of the transformer 7 in real time, and the third temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature at the upper end of the transformer 7 in real time. There are N sets of forward and reverse fans 2 at the upper end of the housing 1, and N1 sets of forward and reverse fans 2 are controlled to rotate by the signal sent by the third temperature sensor. N1 < N. In this application example, N = 9 and N1 = 6.

[0037] This application example primarily aims to achieve high-temperature heat dissipation. In this case, all ventilation windows 3 are open. This application example can include the following scenarios:

[0038] 1. When the temperature values ​​detected by the first temperature sensor 6, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are all less than the set value of 20℃, the equipment control system controls all nine sets of forward and reverse-rotating fans 2 to rotate in the forward direction and blow air into the chamber 1, causing the airflow inside the chamber 1 to flow from top to bottom and finally exit through the ventilation window 3 and the bottom air hole 5. In this case, the external ambient temperature of the chamber 1 is also lower than 20℃ (that is, lower than the internal temperature of the chamber 1). At this time, the forward and reverse-rotating fans 2 blow external air into the chamber 1 mainly to ventilate and maintain the internal temperature of the chamber 1.

[0039] 2. When the temperature values ​​detected by the first temperature sensor 6 and the second temperature sensor are both less than the set value of 20°C, while the temperature value detected by the third temperature sensor is greater than the set value of 20°C, it means that the upper part of the transformer 7 is locally overheated. At this time, the third temperature sensor sends a signal to the equipment control system, which controls the N1=6 sets of forward and reverse fans 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, while the remaining forward and reverse fans 2 stop rotating. At this time, the 6 sets of forward and reverse fans 2 draw air outward. The airflow inside the housing 1 flows in through the lower ventilation window 3 and the bottom air hole 5, and flows out through the 6 sets of forward and reverse fans 2 on the upper side. The 6 sets of forward and reverse fans 2 directly draw air from the locally overheated area at the upper part of the transformer 7, which can achieve a rapid heat dissipation effect. At the same time, only some of the forward and reverse fans 2 are started, which can reduce energy consumption. Moreover, compared with the airflow flowing in from the upper fan, the airflow flowing in from the lower ventilation window 3 and the bottom air hole 5, which has a larger area, will greatly increase the inflow air volume, thereby ensuring ventilation and temperature maintenance of the rest of the housing 1.

[0040] 3. If the internal temperature of the chamber 1 rises further, and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor is greater than the set value of 20°C, and the temperature detected by either the first temperature sensor 6 or the second temperature sensor is also greater than the set value of 20°C, the equipment control system will further control the remaining 3 sets of forward and reverse fan 2 to start and rotate in the opposite direction, thereby increasing the exhaust volume at the top of the chamber 1 and accelerating the airflow speed inside the chamber 1.

[0041] This application example mainly addresses the issue of uneven temperature inside the housing 1. It utilizes multiple temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of each part in real time and allows for flexible control over the number and direction of rotation of each set of forward and reverse fans 2, thereby achieving flexible adjustment.

[0042] Application Example 2:

[0043] This application example is designed for low-temperature environments. When the detected temperature value of any of the three temperature sensors (first, second, and third) is lower than the set value of -10℃, a signal is sent to the equipment control system. At this time, the equipment control system controls the motor 405 in the ventilation adjustment component 4 to start and drive each baffle 401 to close and move synchronously to block all ventilation windows 3. In this way, the ventilation duct inside the enclosure 1 is mainly formed by the forward and reverse fan 2 at the top and the air hole 5 at the bottom of the enclosure. At this time, the forward and reverse fan 2 rotates in the forward direction and blows air into the enclosure 1. In this way, the cold air outside can first pass through the relatively warm transformer at the top to achieve a certain degree of preheating effect before being blown into the rest of the enclosure 1. This ensures that there is still adequate ventilation inside the enclosure 1, which can prevent moisture condensation and avoid electrical components from getting damp. At the same time, the openings at each set of forward and reverse fans 2 are limited, so a large amount of cold air outside will not be introduced, thus preventing the temperature inside the enclosure 1 from becoming too low. In addition, this application example can further ensure ventilation inside the housing 1 by controlling parameters such as the power and speed of the forward and reverse fan 2, while avoiding excessively low temperature inside the housing 1. This is a well-known technology in the field.

[0044] In other application examples of this utility model, since the ventilation adjustment component 4 is driven by a lead screw and nut, this utility model can also precisely adjust the movement of each baffle 401 according to actual needs, thereby precisely controlling the amount of obstruction of each ventilation window to achieve ventilation volume adjustment.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure for a prefabricated substation, comprising a prefabricated enclosure and a transformer, wherein the transformer includes a lower base and an upper yoke, and a transformer fan is mounted on the base, characterized in that: The transformer (7) is located inside the enclosure (1) on one side, and multiple sets of forward and reverse fans (2) are provided on the upper outer side of the enclosure (1) corresponding to the position of the transformer (7). The bottom of the enclosure (1) is provided with a bottom air hole (5) corresponding to the position of the transformer (7). Ventilation windows (3) are provided on the lower end of the high-voltage side and the lower end of the low-voltage side of the enclosure (1). A first temperature sensor (6) is provided on the side of the enclosure (1) where the transformer (7) is not located. A second temperature sensor is provided on the base (701) of the transformer (7). A third temperature sensor is provided on the upper yoke (702) of the transformer (7). Ventilation adjustment components (4) are provided inside the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the enclosure (1). The ventilation adjustment components (4) include movable baffles (401), and the ventilation windows (3) are moved and blocked by the corresponding baffles (401).

2. The ventilation structure of the prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation adjustment assembly (4) includes a lead screw (403), a lead screw sleeve (402), a motor (405), and a baffle slide (404). The lead screw (403) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the housing (1). The baffle slide (404) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing (1). The lead screw sleeve (402) is fitted onto the lead screw (403) and fixedly connected to the upper end of the corresponding baffle (401). The lower end of the baffle (401) is provided with a sliding element that cooperates with the baffle slide (404). The lead screw (403) is driven to rotate by the motor (405).

3. The ventilation structure of the prefabricated substation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (403) is provided with a baffle closing limit block (4031) and a baffle opening limit block (4032). When the ventilation window (3) is fully opened without being blocked by the baffle (401), the baffle (401) contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle opening limit block (4032). When the baffle (401) completely blocks the ventilation window (3), the baffle (401) contacts and is limited by the corresponding baffle closing limit block (4031).

4. The ventilation structure of the prefabricated substation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom air vent (5) of the box has a suspended gap on the lower side.

5. The ventilation structure of the prefabricated substation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the box (1) is raised by multiple pads to form the suspended gap.

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