A battery protection circuit for an energy storage system

Abstract

This utility model discloses a battery protection circuit for an energy storage system, including a battery cluster circuit and a main circuit protection module connected in series with the battery cluster circuit. The main circuit protection module is equipped with a first circuit breaker. The battery cluster circuit includes multiple battery modules connected in series. Each battery module includes a battery, a second circuit breaker connected in series with the battery, and a bypass protection module connected in parallel with the battery and the second circuit breaker. The bypass protection module is equipped with a bypass circuit breaker. There are also multiple PACK control modules corresponding to each battery module and a RACK control module corresponding to the battery cluster circuit. The PACK control module is connected to the second circuit breaker and the bypass circuit breaker in its corresponding battery module. The RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery energy storage systems, and specifically to a battery protection circuit for an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of energy storage system technologies, energy storage systems have been increasingly widely used, and their safety performance has gradually become a focus of industry attention. Containerized energy storage systems generally adopt a configuration of battery modules (PACK) → battery clusters (RACK) → container. Each battery module typically includes a battery composed of multiple cells connected in series or parallel. Different battery modules are connected in series via copper busbars or busbars to form a battery cluster circuit. Multiple battery cluster circuits are then connected in parallel to a busbar to form the container. However, due to increasingly stringent performance requirements for containerized energy storage systems, not only are higher energy densities sought, but also larger capacity battery modules and a greater number of battery clusters are required. This design leads to a significant increase in the contribution sources of short-circuit current. Once a short circuit or other fault occurs in the battery circuit, the resulting fault current is extremely large, causing severe damage to various components of the energy storage system and threatening personnel safety. Therefore, people are paying increasing attention to battery protection in energy storage systems.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies typically employ a scheme where a fuse is connected in series at a critical node of the battery circuit. The fuse generates significant heat under overload current, causing it to passively melt and break, thus isolating the faulty circuit and reducing its impact on the energy storage system. For example, refer to... Figure 7 As shown, fuses (FUs) can be configured inside each battery module (PACK) or in the corresponding circuit of each battery cluster (RACK). When the current value in the battery circuit reaches the fusing current of the fuse element inside the fuse FU due to a short circuit or other fault, the fuse element will melt and disconnect the entire circuit. However, since the fusing characteristics of the fuse element depend entirely on the preset parameters of the fuse, and a certain margin is often required when selecting the fuse element, the above limitations will lead to a lack of flexibility in the protection response of the energy storage system. When a fault occurs in different locations in its battery circuit, it will be impossible to select a suitable fuse to disconnect the circuit according to the actual operating conditions. It is even possible that the current of the faulty circuit exceeds the maximum carrying current of the system, but does not reach the fusing current of the fuse element and fails to melt the fuse element in time. Therefore, the fault current cannot be cut off in a timely and accurate manner, causing the impact of the fault to spread and causing greater damage to the system, and its safety cannot be guaranteed. In addition, after the above fuse disconnects the faulty circuit, the corresponding battery cluster circuit will also be unable to work, which will affect the normal operation of the energy storage system and cause inconvenience to its subsequent maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in the background technology mentioned above, and to provide a battery protection circuit for an energy storage system that can cut off fault current in a timely and accurate manner and ensure the normal operation of the battery cluster circuit, so as to minimize the scope of fault impact and improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0005] The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system of this utility model includes a battery cluster circuit connected to a busbar and a main circuit protection module connected in series with the battery cluster circuit. The main circuit protection module is equipped with a first circuit breaker. The battery cluster circuit includes multiple battery modules connected in series. Each battery module includes a battery, a second circuit breaker connected in series with the battery, and a bypass protection module connected in parallel with the battery and the second circuit breaker. The bypass protection module is equipped with a bypass circuit breaker. There are also multiple PACK control modules corresponding to each battery module and a RACK control module corresponding to the battery cluster circuit. The PACK control module is connected to the second circuit breaker and bypass circuit breaker in its corresponding battery module and is used to collect the operating parameters of the battery in the battery module and control the on / off state of the second circuit breaker and bypass circuit breaker. The RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker and is used to obtain the data transmitted to it by each PACK control module and control the on / off state of the first circuit breaker.

[0006] The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system described in this utility model involves each PACK control module collecting the operating parameters of the batteries in its corresponding battery module to monitor and analyze the working status of each battery module in real time. Based on the monitoring data, the circuit enables the control of the second circuit breaker and the bypass circuit breaker to adjust the connection status of the corresponding battery in the battery cluster circuit. This ensures that when a short circuit or other fault occurs, the faulty battery module is promptly isolated from the battery cluster circuit, and the corresponding bypass protection module is connected to the battery cluster circuit, effectively reducing the impact of the fault on other battery modules while ensuring the normal operation of the battery cluster circuit in which it is located. The RACK control module receives the operating parameters of each battery module and the on / off status of the circuit breakers transmitted by each PACK control module, and controls the on / off status of the first circuit breaker accordingly. This ensures that if the PACK control module fails to isolate the fault, the battery cluster circuit in which the fault occurs is disconnected from the busbar, ensuring the safety of the energy storage system. Through the above circuit structure, a two-level protection mechanism is formed by the PACK control module and the RACK control module, which respectively control the isolation of the battery module and the battery cluster circuit. This allows for accurate location of the fault and targeted disconnection of the corresponding circuit breaker, significantly improving the speed of fault current interruption and facilitating timely isolation of the fault location in the circuit. This minimizes the impact of the fault and enhances the safety of the energy storage system. Furthermore, when the PACK control module disconnects the faulty battery module from the battery cluster circuit, the bypass protection module can also be connected to the battery cluster circuit, allowing other battery modules in the battery cluster circuit to continue operating normally. This ensures that the energy storage system maintains basic operation, and when dealing with faults, the faulty battery module can be addressed directly without requiring complex processing of the entire energy storage system, thus facilitating subsequent maintenance of the energy storage system.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the operating parameters include the temperature and current of the battery in the battery module.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the PACK control module includes a detection module and a PACK main control chip; the detection module includes a temperature sensor chip and a current sensor chip; the temperature detection input pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the temperature output pin of the temperature sensor chip; the current detection input pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the current output pin of the current sensor chip; the second circuit breaker control signal output pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the second circuit breaker; the bypass circuit breaker control signal output pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the bypass circuit breaker.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the RACK control module includes a RACK master control chip; the multiple PACK signal input pins of the RACK master control chip are electrically connected to the PACK signal output pins of each PACK master control chip in the corresponding battery cluster circuit; the first circuit breaker control signal output pin of the RACK master control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the first circuit breaker.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the RACK control module is also connected to a sensor array capable of collecting current and temperature information of the battery cluster circuit.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, multiple battery cluster circuits are connected in parallel on the busbar, and each battery cluster circuit is connected in series with a main circuit protection module. There are also multiple RACK control modules that correspond one-to-one with each battery cluster circuit. Each RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker in its corresponding battery cluster circuit.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, one end of each of the plurality of RACK control modules is connected to a central control module.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes a power management module that provides power to the PACK control module, the RACK control module and the central control module, wherein the power management module includes an uninterruptible power supply system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery protection circuit of the energy storage system of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the PACK control module.

[0016] Figure 3 The circuit diagram is for the PACK main control chip U1, temperature sensor chip U2, and current sensor chip U3.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the RACK control module.

[0018] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram of the RACK main control chip U4.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the PACK control module, RACK control module, and central control module.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a connection diagram of existing technology. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that if any directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial, etc.) is involved in the embodiments of this utility model, the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0023] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] If the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Furthermore, the technical features of each embodiment can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments are described; however, as long as these combinations of technical features do not contradict each other, they should all be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0025] This invention proposes a battery protection circuit for an energy storage system.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, the battery protection circuit of the energy storage system includes a battery cluster circuit 101 connected to the busbar 100 and a main circuit protection module 102 connected in series with the battery cluster circuit 101. The main circuit protection module 102 is provided with a first circuit breaker 103. The battery cluster circuit 101 includes multiple battery modules 104 connected in series. Each battery module 104 includes a battery 105 composed of multiple cells connected in series or in parallel, a second circuit breaker 106 connected in series with the battery 105, and a bypass protection module 107 connected in parallel with the battery 105 and the second circuit breaker 106. The bypass protection module 107 is provided with a bypass circuit breaker 108. The second circuit breaker 106 can be connected in series at the positive terminal of the battery, or in series at the negative terminal of the battery, or as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown, a second circuit breaker is installed at both the positive and negative terminals of the battery; there are also multiple PACK control modules 201 corresponding to each battery module 104 and a RACK control module 202 corresponding to the battery cluster circuit 101. The PACK control module 201 is connected to the second circuit breaker 106 and bypass circuit breaker 108 in its corresponding battery module, and is used to collect the operating parameters of the battery in the battery module and control the on / off state of the second circuit breaker and bypass circuit breaker; wherein, the operating parameters include the temperature and current of the battery in the battery module, and by comparing the acquired current and temperature data with preset thresholds, if the current value or temperature value exceeds the threshold, it can be determined that a short circuit or other fault has occurred inside the battery module; the RACK control module 202 is connected to each PACK control module 201 and the first circuit breaker 103, and is used to acquire the data transmitted to it by each PACK control module and control the on / off state of the first circuit breaker.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple battery cluster circuits 101 are connected in parallel to the busbar 100. Each battery cluster circuit can be electrically connected to the busbar via a highly conductive copper busbar to ensure energy transmission efficiency. Each battery cluster circuit 101 is connected in series with a main circuit protection module 102 to protect each battery cluster circuit. There are also multiple RACK control modules corresponding to each battery cluster circuit. Each RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker in its corresponding battery cluster circuit. After continuously collecting the operating parameters such as temperature and current of each battery module, the PACK control module will also analyze the data and upload it to the RACK control module connected to it, so that the RACK control module can obtain various transmission data in its corresponding battery cluster circuit to determine the fault handling situation.

[0028] To facilitate the control of multiple RACK control modules, such as Figure 1Furthermore, a central control module 203 can be set in the energy storage system, so that one end of each of the multiple RACK control modules 202 is connected to the central control module. Each RACK control module analyzes the collected information and uploads it to the central control module, which monitors the operation of each PACK and RACK control module and can uniformly regulate each module. The PACK and RACK control modules execute protection commands from the central control module to achieve intelligent management of the entire energy storage system and further improve the accuracy of fault handling. (Refer to...) Figure 6 As shown, the battery protection circuit of the energy storage system also includes a power management module 204 that provides power to the PACK control module 201, RACK control module 202, and central control module 203. The power management module includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system, which can be flexibly configured according to actual needs and set to a suitable voltage level and type. The UPS supplies power to the PACK control module, RACK control module, and central control module to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the above modules and facilitate power outage protection for the entire energy storage system.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the PACK control module 201 includes a detection module 301 and a PACK main control chip U1. The detection module 301 includes a temperature sensor chip U2 for detecting battery temperature and a current sensor chip U3 for detecting battery current information. The temperature detection input pin T of the PACK main control chip U1 is electrically connected to the temperature output pin T of the temperature sensor chip U2. The temperature sensor chip U2 collects the battery temperature data and transmits the data to the PACK main control chip U1. The current detection input pin CURR of the PACK main control chip U1 is electrically connected to the current output pin CURR of the current sensor chip U3. The current sensor chip U3 reads the battery current it connects to through its current input pin IP-, collects the battery current data, and transmits the current data to the PACK main control chip through its current output pin CURR. U1; In addition, a current-limiting resistor R1 is provided between the current output pin CURR of the current sensor chip U3 and the current detection input pin CURR of the PACK main control chip U1. One end of the current-limiting resistor is electrically connected to the current output pin of the current sensor chip, and the other end is electrically connected to the current detection input pin of the PACK main control chip. The current-limiting resistor R1 can provide a stable current to the PACK main control chip, preventing the current from changing too quickly, thereby reducing circuit fluctuations and interference. The above detection module is not limited to using the above sensor chips; other sensors can also be used, such as voltage sensors for detecting voltage information. All sensors are connected to the pins of the PACK main control chip. The sensors transmit the corresponding battery data they collect to the PACK main control chip, thereby obtaining more necessary battery operating parameters for more accurate fault type determination. The current detection input pin of the PACK main control chip can also be directly electrically connected to the current output pin of the battery module, or other connection methods can be used, which will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The second circuit breaker control signal output pin QF2 of the PACK main control chip U1 is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the second circuit breaker QF2. The second circuit breaker control signal output pin QF3 is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of another second circuit breaker QF3. The bypass circuit breaker control signal output pin QF4 of the PACK main control chip U1 is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the bypass circuit breaker QF4. Through the above connections, the PACK main control chip can send corresponding control signals to the second circuit breakers QF2, QF3, and bypass circuit breaker QF4 according to the current operating status of the battery module, so as to control the on / off state of the second circuit breakers and bypass circuit breakers. Figure 3As shown, for each PACK control module PACK1, PACK2, ..., PACKn in each battery cluster circuit, the PACK signal output pins PACK_OUT1, PACK_OUT2, ..., PACK_OUTn of the PACK master control chip U1 are all electrically connected to the RACK master control chip U4 of that battery cluster circuit.

[0031] Specifically, the PACK main control chip can integrate a data acquisition unit, an embedded processor, a memory, and a network interface. The data acquisition unit receives data from various sensors, and the embedded processor compares and analyzes the collected data with preset thresholds. Based on the comparison results, it performs corresponding processing. For example, if the operating parameters exceed the limits, it triggers the second circuit breaker to disconnect and activates the bypass protection module. The processed operating data can be stored locally in the memory for later query and analysis, and can be uploaded to the upper-level monitoring system or remote server through the network interface to support remote monitoring and data analysis functions, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery module.

[0032] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the RACK control module 202 includes a RACK master control chip U4; the multiple PACK signal input pins PACK_OUT1, PACK_OUT2, ..., PACK_OUTn of the RACK master control chip U4 are electrically connected to the PACK signal output pins PACK_OUT1, PACK_OUT2, ..., PACK_OUTn of each PACK master control chip U1 in the corresponding battery cluster circuit, so that each PACK master control chip U1 in the same battery cluster circuit can be connected to the corresponding RACK master control chip U4 in the corresponding battery cluster circuit. The control chip U4 is used to transmit corresponding data signals from each PACK master control chip to the RACK master control chip via the PACK signal output pin, enabling the RACK master control chip to receive the operating data of each PACK master control chip in its respective battery cluster circuit. The first circuit breaker control signal output pin QF1 of the RACK master control chip U4 is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the first circuit breaker QF1. The RACK master control chip U4 can send corresponding control signals to the first circuit breaker QF1 according to the overall operating status of the current battery cluster circuit to control the on / off state of the first circuit breaker. Each RACK master control chip U4 is also electrically connected to the central control module 203 via the RACK signal output pin RACK_OUT, transmitting corresponding data signals to the central control module, enabling the central control module to receive the operating data of each battery cluster circuit.

[0033] To further improve the accuracy of detection, the RACK control module 202 is also connected to a sensor array 302 that can collect current and temperature information of the battery cluster circuit. The sensor array may include current sensors and temperature sensors. Referring to the connection method of the detection module of the PACK control module, these sensors are electrically connected to the RACK main control chip U4 so that the RACK control module can obtain the overall current and temperature data of the battery cluster circuit. This data is combined with the operating data of each PACK main control chip obtained by the RACK control module for analysis to further improve the accuracy of fault detection. In addition, similar to the PACK main control chip, the RACK main control chip also integrates a data acquisition unit, an embedded processor, memory, and a network interface. The data acquisition unit receives data collected by the sensor array and data transmitted from each PACK main control chip. The embedded processor processes and analyzes the collected data, executing corresponding actions, such as triggering the first circuit breaker to disconnect when operating parameters exceed limits and the second circuit breaker protection fails. The processed operating data can be stored locally in the memory for later query and analysis, and simultaneously uploaded to the upper-level monitoring system or a remote server via the network interface to achieve remote monitoring and data analysis functions. Using this structure, the RACK main control chip coordinates the work of each component, dynamically adjusting the acquisition parameters and processing strategies to achieve intelligent management and ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery cluster. The monitoring units of all PACK control modules are interconnected with the RACK control module through a communication network, forming a complete distributed monitoring and protection system.

[0034] In each PACK control module, the temperature sensor chip U2 transmits the collected temperature information to the temperature detection input pin T of the PACK main control chip U1 via the temperature output pin T. The current sensor chip U3 transmits the collected current information to the current detection input pin CURR of the PACK main control chip U1 via the current output pin CURR. This allows for the acquisition of operating parameters of the batteries in the corresponding battery modules, enabling monitoring and analysis of the operating status of each battery module. When each battery module in the energy storage system is operating normally, the second circuit breaker connected in series with the battery remains closed, keeping the battery in the battery cluster circuit. Meanwhile, the bypass circuit breaker in the bypass protection module remains open, isolating the bypass protection module from the battery cluster circuit. When a battery module experiences a short circuit or other abnormal situation... In this situation, the corresponding PACK control module can determine the location of the abnormal situation based on the abnormally changing operating parameters. The second circuit breaker control signal output pins QF2 and QF3 of the PACK main control chip U1 send control signals to the control pins of the second circuit breakers QF2 and QF3 to control the second circuit breaker in the abnormal battery module to open. The bypass circuit breaker control signal output pin QF4 of the PACK main control chip U1 sends control signals to the control pins of the bypass circuit breaker QF4 to control the bypass circuit breaker to close, so that the bypass protection module can be connected to the battery cluster circuit. Thus, while isolating the faulty battery module from the battery cluster circuit, the bypass protection module can keep the battery cluster circuits at both ends of the faulty battery module connected, ensuring the normal operation of the battery cluster circuit.

[0035] For each RACK control module, the corresponding PACK control modules PACK1, PACK2, ..., PACKn in the battery cluster circuit transmit data such as the operating parameters of each battery module and the on / off status of the circuit breaker to the corresponding PACK signal input pins PACK_OUT1, PACK_OUT2, ..., PACK_OUTn of the RACK main control chip U4 through the PACK signal output pins PACK_OUT1, PACK_OUT2, ..., PACK_OUTn of the PACK main control chip U1. When an abnormal situation is detected, the RACK control module also receives and monitors the data from each PACK control module. If the PACK control module fails to isolate the fault, for example, if the abnormal situation persists for a certain period of time, the RACK control module can determine that the protection of the PACK control module has failed. The first circuit breaker control signal output pin QF1 of the RACK main control chip U4 sends a corresponding control signal to the control terminal pin of the first circuit breaker QF1, so that the RACK control module controls the first circuit breaker to open, realizing the rapid disconnection of the battery cluster circuit and the busbar, ensuring the safety of the energy storage system.

[0036] Therefore, through the above circuit structure, the PACK control module and RACK control module respectively realize the isolation operation of the battery module and battery cluster circuit to accurately locate the fault location and selectively cut off the corresponding circuit breaker. That is, the PACK control module can promptly isolate the faulty battery module from the battery cluster circuit based on its monitoring, effectively curbing the risk of fault propagation. If the PACK control module cannot resolve the abnormal situation in the circuit, the RACK control module will then isolate the battery cluster circuit from the energy storage system. Through the coordinated operation of the above multi-level protection mechanism, This significantly improves the speed of fault current interruption, facilitating timely isolation of fault locations in the circuit and minimizing the impact of faults. Furthermore, when the PACK control module disconnects the faulty battery module from the battery cluster circuit, the bypass protection module also connects to the battery cluster circuit, allowing other battery modules in the circuit to continue operating normally. This ensures both the elimination of potential hazards and the maintenance of the basic operation of the energy storage system. Fault handling can also target the faulty battery module directly, eliminating the need for complex processing of the entire energy storage system, thus facilitating subsequent maintenance. In addition, the circuit breakers used in this invention can repeatedly switch on and off. The circuit breakers can be DC molded case circuit breakers, which, compared to traditional fuse-based methods, offer rapid closing and breaking capabilities, resulting in a faster response time. This allows for quick fault response and circuit disconnection, ensuring timely fault handling, greater flexibility, and easier dynamic adjustment based on actual operating conditions.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present utility model and using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery protection circuit for an energy storage system, characterized in that, The system includes a battery cluster circuit connected to a busbar and a main protection module connected in series with the battery cluster circuit. The main protection module is equipped with a first circuit breaker. The battery cluster circuit includes multiple battery modules connected in series. Each battery module includes a battery, a second circuit breaker connected in series with the battery, and a bypass protection module connected in parallel with the battery and the second circuit breaker. The bypass protection module is equipped with a bypass circuit breaker. Additionally, there are multiple PACK control modules corresponding to each battery module and a RACK control module corresponding to the battery cluster circuit. The PACK control module is connected to the second circuit breaker and bypass circuit breaker in its corresponding battery module and is used to collect the operating parameters of the battery in the battery module and control the on / off state of the second circuit breaker and bypass circuit breaker. The RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker and is used to obtain data transmitted to it by each PACK control module and control the on / off state of the first circuit breaker.

2. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters include the temperature and current of the batteries in the battery module.

3. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PACK control module includes a detection module and a PACK main control chip (U1); the detection module includes a temperature sensor chip (U2) and a current sensor chip (U3). The temperature detection input pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the temperature output pin of the temperature sensor chip. The current detection input pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the current output pin of the current sensor chip. The second circuit breaker control signal output pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the second circuit breaker. The bypass circuit breaker control signal output pin of the PACK main control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the bypass circuit breaker.

4. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The RACK control module includes a RACK main control chip (U4). The multiple PACK signal input pins of the RACK master control chip are electrically connected to the PACK signal output pins of each PACK master control chip in the corresponding battery cluster circuit. The first circuit breaker control signal output pin of the RACK main control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal pin of the first circuit breaker.

5. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The RACK control module is also connected to a sensor array that can collect current and temperature information of the battery cluster circuit.

6. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Multiple battery cluster circuits are connected in parallel to the busbar. Each battery cluster circuit is connected in series with a main circuit protection module. There are also multiple RACK control modules that correspond one-to-one with each battery cluster circuit. Each RACK control module is connected to each PACK control module and the first circuit breaker in its corresponding battery cluster circuit.

7. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the multiple RACK control modules is connected to a central control module at one end.

8. The battery protection circuit of the energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a power management module that provides power to the PACK control module, RACK control module and central control module, the power management module including an uninterruptible power supply system.

Images