A power supply adaptation circuit

Abstract

This utility model discloses a power adapter circuit, relating to the field of power adapter technology. Its main technical solution includes: the input terminal of the rectifier module is connected to the input power supply; the input terminal of the common-mode inductor module is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module; the input terminal of the constant-current constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module is connected to the output terminal of the common-mode inductor module; the input terminal of the transformer module is connected to both the output terminal of the common-mode inductor module and the output terminal of the constant-current constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module; the input terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module is connected to the output terminal of the transformer module, and the output terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module is used to output the target voltage. On the one hand, this aims to significantly reduce conduction losses and improve overall conversion efficiency. On the other hand, it aims to reduce unnecessary energy losses. Furthermore, it aims to quickly adjust the switching frequency or duty cycle to maintain stable output even when the load changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power adapter technology, specifically to a power adapter circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mobile devices (such as smartphones) are becoming increasingly popular among consumers, but they consume a lot of power and require frequent charging.

[0003] Mobile devices are typically charged via a power adapter. A power adapter generally includes a primary rectifier circuit, a primary filter circuit, a transformer, a secondary rectifier circuit, a secondary filter circuit, and a control circuit. The power adapter converts the input 110V-240V AC power into a stable low-voltage DC power (e.g., 5V, 12V) suitable for the mobile device's power management system and battery, thus enabling charging.

[0004] However, existing power adapters suffer significant energy loss during the conversion of high-voltage AC to low-voltage DC. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a power adapter circuit that solves the problem of significant energy loss in existing power adapters during the conversion of high-voltage AC to low-voltage DC.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A power adapter circuit includes a rectifier module, a common-mode inductor module, a constant-current / constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module, a transformer module, and a secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module. The input terminal of the rectifier module is connected to an input power supply. The input terminal of the common-mode inductor module is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module. The input terminal of the constant-current / constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module is connected to the output terminal of the common-mode inductor module. The transformer module is also connected to the constant-current / constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module. The input terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module is connected to the output terminal of the transformer module, and its output terminal is used to output a target voltage.

[0008] A further technical solution is as follows: the rectifier module includes a varistor MOV1, a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, and a rectifier BD1; one end of the fuse F1 is connected to the L terminal of the input power supply; one end of the varistor MOV1 and pin 2 of the rectifier BD1 are both connected to the other end of the fuse F1; the other end of the varistor MOV1 and one end of the thermistor NTC1 are both connected to the N terminal of the input power supply; the other end of the thermistor NTC1 is connected to pin 3 of the rectifier BD1; pins 1 and 4 of the rectifier BD1 are both connected to the input terminal of the common-mode inductor module.

[0009] A further technical solution is as follows: the common-mode inductor module includes electrolytic capacitor CE1, electrolytic capacitor CE2, common-mode inductor LF1, inductor L1, inductor L2, and resistor RL1; pin 1 of common-mode inductor LF1, one end of inductor L1, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 1 of rectifier BD1; pin 4 of common-mode inductor LF1, one end of inductor L2, one end of resistor RL1, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 4 of rectifier BD1; pin 2 of common-mode inductor LF1 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE2, the input terminal of constant current constant voltage primary-side feedback control module, and the input terminal of transformer module; pin 3 of common-mode inductor LF1, the other end of inductor L2, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE2 are all grounded.

[0010] A further technical solution is as follows: the transformer module includes a transformer T1, resistors R3 and R4, capacitors C1 and C6, and diode D1; the transformer T1 includes a first transformer section T1A and a second transformer section T1B; pin 1 of the first transformer section T1A, one end of capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of resistor R3 are all connected to pin 2 of the common-mode inductor LF1; one end of resistor R3 and one end of capacitor C1 are both connected to one end of resistor R4; the other end of resistor R4... One end is connected to the negative terminal of the diode; pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6, the positive terminal of the diode D1, and the output terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module; pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B is grounded, and pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B is connected to the input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module; pins 6 and 7 of the first transformer section T1A are both connected to the input terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module.

[0011] A further technical solution is as follows: The constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module includes a constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, resistors R1, R2, and R5, an electrolytic capacitor CE3, resistor R6, capacitor C3, a diode D2, resistors R7 and R9, capacitor C2, resistors RS1 and RS2, and capacitor C4; the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1 is an S7133S_SOP-7; one end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 2 of the common-mode inductor LF1; the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2; the other end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 1 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE3, and one end of resistor R5; the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE3 is grounded; the other end of resistor R5 is connected to... One end of resistor R6 and the negative terminal of diode D2 are connected; the positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R7 are connected to pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B; the other end of resistor R7, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are connected to pin 2 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1; the other end of resistor R9 and the other end of capacitor C2 are connected to pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B; one end of resistor RS1 and one end of resistor RS2 are connected to pin 4 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1; pin 5 and pin 6 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, and one end of capacitor C4 are connected to pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A; the other end of capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0012] A further technical solution is as follows: the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module includes a secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, capacitors C8 and C5, resistor R12, diode D3, electrolytic capacitor CE4, resistor R13, and electrolytic capacitor CE5; the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is an MT6706AH_SOP-8; pins 1, 2, and 3 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C5, and one end of diode D3 are all connected to pin 7 of the first transformer section T1A; pin 4 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8; the capacitor C... The other end of capacitor C5 is connected to one end of resistor R12; pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, the other end of capacitor C5, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE4, one end of resistor R13, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to the negative terminal of diode D3; the negative terminal of diode D3 is used to output the positive voltage of the target voltage; the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE4, the other end of resistor R13, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A; pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A is used to output the negative voltage of the target voltage.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] On the one hand, efficient synchronous rectification is achieved through the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 (MT6706AH_SOP-8) to significantly reduce conduction losses and improve overall conversion efficiency. On the other hand, the voltage regulation range is optimized through two energy conversions via the common-mode inductor module and the transformer module to reduce unnecessary energy losses. Furthermore, constant-current and constant-voltage primary-side feedback control is used for precise current and voltage control to ensure output voltage and current stability, thereby enabling rapid adjustment of the switching frequency or duty cycle to maintain output stability even when the load changes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an electrical block diagram of a power adapter circuit in this embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a circuit topology diagram of a power adapter circuit in this embodiment.

[0017] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0018] 100 - Rectifier module; 200 - Common mode inductor module; 300 - Constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module; 400 - Transformer module; 500 - Secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1: This example provides a power adapter circuit, including a rectifier module 100, a common-mode inductor module 200, a constant-current constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module 300, a transformer module 400, and a secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500. The input terminal of the rectifier module 100 is used to connect to the input power supply; the input terminal of the common-mode inductor module 200 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module 100; the input terminal of the constant-current constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module 300 is connected to the output terminal of the common-mode inductor module 200; the input terminal of the transformer module 400 is connected to the output terminal of the common-mode inductor module 200, and the transformer module 400 is connected to the constant-current constant-voltage primary-side feedback control module 300; the input terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500 is connected to the output terminal of the transformer module 400, and the output terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module is used to output the target voltage.

[0021] In this embodiment, the rectifier module 100 includes a varistor MOV1, a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, and a rectifier BD1; one end of the fuse F1 is connected to the L terminal of the input power supply; one end of the varistor MOV1 and pin 2 of the rectifier BD1 are both connected to the other end of the fuse F1; the other end of the varistor MOV1 and one end of the thermistor NTC1 are both connected to the N terminal of the input power supply; the other end of the thermistor NTC1 is connected to pin 3 of the rectifier BD1; pins 1 and 4 of the rectifier BD1 are both connected to the input terminal of the common-mode inductor module 200.

[0022] In this embodiment, the common-mode inductor module 200 includes electrolytic capacitor CE1, electrolytic capacitor CE2, common-mode inductor LF1, inductor L1, inductor L2, and resistor RL1; pin 1 of common-mode inductor LF1, one end of inductor L1, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 1 of rectifier BD1; pin 4 of common-mode inductor LF1, one end of inductor L2, one end of resistor RL1, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 4 of rectifier BD1; pin 2 of common-mode inductor LF1 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE2, the input terminal of constant current constant voltage primary-side feedback control module 300, and the input terminal of transformer module 400; pin 3 of common-mode inductor LF1, the other end of inductor L2, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE2 are all grounded.

[0023] In this embodiment, the transformer module 400 includes a transformer T1, resistors R3 and R4, capacitors C1 and C6, and a diode D1; the transformer T1 includes a first transformer section T1A and a second transformer section T1B; pin 1 of the first transformer section T1A, one end of capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of resistor R3 are all connected to pin 2 of the common-mode inductor LF1; one end of resistor R3 and one end of capacitor C1 are both connected to one end of resistor R4; the other end of resistor R4 is connected to... The negative terminal of the diode is connected; pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6, the positive terminal of the diode D1, and the output terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module 300; pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B is grounded, and pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B is connected to the input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module 300; pins 6 and 7 of the first transformer section T1A are both connected to the input terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500.

[0024] In this embodiment, the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module 300 includes a constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, resistors R1, R2, and R5, an electrolytic capacitor CE3, resistor R6, capacitor C3, a diode D2, resistors R7 and R9, capacitor C2, resistors RS1 and RS2, and capacitor C4; the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1 is an S7133S_SOP-7; one end of resistor R1 is connected to pin 2 of the common mode inductor LF1; the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2; the other end of resistor R2 is connected to pin 1 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE3, and one end of resistor R5; the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE3 is grounded; the other end of resistor R5 is connected to... One end of resistor R6 and the negative terminal of diode D2 are connected; the positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R7 are connected to pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B; the other end of resistor R7, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are connected to pin 2 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1; the other end of resistor R9 and the other end of capacitor C2 are connected to pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B; one end of resistor RS1 and one end of resistor RS2 are connected to pin 4 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1; pin 5 and pin 6 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, and one end of capacitor C4 are connected to pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A; the other end of capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0025] In this embodiment, the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500 includes a secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, capacitors C8 and C5, resistor R12, diode D3, electrolytic capacitor CE4, resistor R13, and electrolytic capacitor CE5; the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is an MT6706AH_SOP-8; pins 1, 2, and 3 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C5, and one end of diode D3 are all connected to pin 7 of the first transformer section T1A; pin 4 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is connected to the other end of capacitor C8; capacitor C5... The other end is connected to one end of the resistor R12; pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, the other end of capacitor C5, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE4, one end of resistor R13, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to the negative terminal of diode D3; the negative terminal of diode D3 is used to output the positive voltage of the target voltage; the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE4, the other end of resistor R13, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A; pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A is used to output the negative voltage of the target voltage.

[0026] The working principle of a power adapter circuit in this embodiment is as follows:

[0027] The input power supply is AC voltage of 100V-240V;

[0028] One end of fuse F1 is connected to the L terminal of the input power supply, and the other end of varistor MOV1 and one end of thermistor NTC1 are both connected to the N terminal of the input power supply.

[0029] The input power (AC) enters the rectifier BD1 through fuse F1. Rectifier BD1 converts the input power into pulsating direct current (DC). Varistor MOV1 and thermistor NTC1 provide overload protection, surge current limiting, and overvoltage protection.

[0030] The rectified pulsating DC voltage is initially filtered by electrolytic capacitor CE1 to reduce voltage fluctuations. It is further smoothed by an LC filter network consisting of inductors L1 and L2 and resistor RL1, and then passes through common-mode inductor LF1 to form a more stable DC voltage.

[0031] The output voltage is adjusted by changing the switching frequency and duty cycle of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1. This achieves precise current and voltage control, thereby ensuring the stability of the DC voltage output.

[0032] Reverse current protection is achieved using diodes D1 and D2.

[0033] The DC voltage undergoes secondary energy conversion via the first transformer section T1A and the second transformer section T1B of transformer T1, and works in conjunction with the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500 to improve efficiency and reduce losses.

[0034] The secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module 500 performs efficient synchronous rectification on the low-voltage DC voltage after being stepped down by transformer T1, significantly reducing conduction losses and improving overall conversion efficiency. Simultaneously, components such as diode D3, electrolytic capacitor CE4, and electrolytic capacitor CE5 filter and regulate the low-voltage DC voltage to obtain the target voltage. The target voltage is a 12V DC voltage with a rated output current of 1.0A.

[0035] On the one hand, efficient synchronous rectification is achieved through the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 (MT6706AH_SOP-8) to significantly reduce conduction losses and improve overall conversion efficiency. On the other hand, the voltage regulation range is optimized through two energy conversions via the common-mode inductor module 200 and the transformer module 400 to reduce unnecessary energy losses. Furthermore, constant-current and constant-voltage primary-side feedback control is used for precise current and voltage control to ensure output voltage and current stability, thereby enabling rapid adjustment of the switching frequency or duty cycle to maintain output stability even when the load changes.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described herein with reference to several illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that many other modifications and implementations can be devised by those skilled in the art, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed herein. More specifically, various variations and modifications can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject matter combination within the scope of the disclosure, drawings, and claims. Besides variations and modifications to the components and / or layout, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A power supply adaptation circuit, characterized by, include: A rectifier module (100) is provided, wherein the input terminal of the rectifier module (100) is used to connect to an input power supply. A common-mode inductor module (200), the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier module (100); A constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module (300) is provided, wherein the input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module (300) is connected to the output terminal of the common mode inductor module (200); A transformer module (400) is provided, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the common mode inductor module (200), and the transformer module (400) is connected to the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module (300). A secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module (500) is provided, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the transformer module (400), and the output terminal of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module is used to output the target voltage.

2. The power adapter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier module (100) includes a varistor MOV1, a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, and a rectifier BD1; One end of the fuse F1 is used to connect to the L terminal of the input power supply; One end of the varistor MOV1 and pin 2 of the rectifier BD1 are both connected to the other end of the fuse F1. The other end of the varistor MOV1 and one end of the thermistor NTC1 are both used to connect to the N terminal of the input power supply. The other end of the thermistor NTC1 is connected to pin 3 of the rectifier BD1; Pin 1 and pin 4 of rectifier BD1 are both connected to the input terminal of the common mode inductor module (200).

3. The power adapter circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The common-mode inductor module (200) includes electrolytic capacitor CE1, electrolytic capacitor CE2, common-mode inductor LF1, inductor L1, inductor L2 and resistor RL1; Pin 1 of the common mode inductor LF1, one end of the inductor L1, and the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 1 of the rectifier BD1. Pin 4 of the common mode inductor LF1, one end of the inductor L2, one end of the resistor RL1, and the negative terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE1 are all connected to pin 4 of the rectifier BD1. Pin 2 of the common mode inductor LF1 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1, the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE2, the input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary side feedback control module (300), and the input terminal of the transformer module (400). The common-mode inductor LF1 pin 3, the other end of inductor L2, and the negative terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE2 are all grounded.

4. The power adapter circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transformer module (400) includes a transformer T1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C6, and a diode D1; The transformer T1 includes a first transformer section T1A and a second transformer section T1B; Pin 1 of the first transformer section T1A, one end of capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C6, and one end of resistor R3 are all connected to pin 2 of the common mode inductor LF1. One end of resistor R3 and one end of capacitor C1 are both connected to one end of resistor R4; The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode; Pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6, the positive terminal of the diode D1, and the output terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module (300). Pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B is grounded, and pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B is connected to the input terminal of the constant current and constant voltage primary side feedback control module (300). Pin 6 and pin 7 of the first transformer section T1A are both connected to the input terminal of the secondary side synchronous rectifier switch module (500).

5. The power adapter circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control module (300) includes a constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, resistors R1, R2, and R5, an electrolytic capacitor CE3, resistors R6, capacitor C3, a diode D2, resistors R7 and R9, capacitor C2, resistors RS1 and RS2, and capacitor C4. The constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1 is S7133S_SOP-7; One end of the resistor R1 is connected to pin 2 of the common-mode inductor LF1; The other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2; The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to pin 1 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, the positive terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE3, and one end of the resistor R5. The negative terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE3 is grounded; The other end of resistor R5 is connected to one end of resistor R6 and the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R7 are both connected to pin 5 of the second transformer section T1B. The other end of resistor R7, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are all connected to pin 2 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1. The other end of the resistor R9 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both connected to pin 2 of the second transformer section T1B. One end of resistor RS1 and one end of resistor RS2 are both connected to pin 4 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1. Pin 5 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, pin 6 of the constant current and constant voltage primary-side feedback control chip U1, and one end of capacitor C4 are all connected to pin 3 of the first transformer section T1A. The other end of capacitor C4 is grounded.

6. The power adapter circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch module (500) includes a secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, capacitor C8, capacitor C5, resistor R12, diode D3, electrolytic capacitor CE4, resistor R13, and electrolytic capacitor CE5. The secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is MT6706AH_SOP-8; Pin 1, pin 2, pin 3 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C5, and one end of diode D3 are all connected to pin 7 of the first transformer section T1A. Pin 4 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8; The other end of the capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the resistor R12; Pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 of the secondary-side synchronous rectifier switch chip U3, the other end of capacitor C5, the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE4, one end of resistor R13, and the positive terminal of electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to the negative terminal of diode D3. The negative terminal of diode D3 is used to output the positive voltage of the target voltage; The negative terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE4, the other end of the resistor R13, and the negative terminal of the electrolytic capacitor CE5 are all connected to pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A. Pin 6 of the first transformer section T1A is used to output the negative voltage of the target voltage.

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