A novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device
By installing components such as a fluidized bed and a heated feeder inside the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower, combined with an oxidant, the shortcomings of red mud in desulfurization, denitrification, and particulate matter treatment are solved, achieving efficient flue gas purification and recycling of red mud resources.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING SPC ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack integrated processes and equipment for red mud desulfurization, denitrification, and particulate matter removal. They are unable to efficiently utilize the active components of red mud to enhance the desulfurization and denitrification reactions, especially in boiler and industrial flue gas pollutant treatment scenarios where there are alumina plants or red mud stockpiles nearby.
The flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower adopts a fluidized bed, combined with components such as a spiral heated feeder and a cyclone separator. Red mud is used as a desulfurization and denitrification agent, which fully contacts and reacts with the flue gas in a fluidized state. With the help of an oxidant dosing unit, the denitrification and desulfurization effect is enhanced. At the same time, particulate matter is deeply removed by a cyclone separator and a bag filter.
It has achieved compliance or ultra-low emissions of NOx, SOx and particulate matter in flue gas, improved the resource recycling rate of red mud, reduced environmental hazards and promoted the stabilization of red mud, and realized the transformation of red mud from industrial solid waste into usable resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN224388474U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas purification technology, specifically to a novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device. Background Technology
[0002] Red mud is a major solid waste generated in the aluminum industry, and its large-scale and low-cost utilization is an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, the application of red mud in desulfurization and denitrification has become a hot topic in current air pollution control research. Although some industrial cases have used red mud for desulfurization, its widespread application is limited due to the differences in red mud composition and its differences from traditional desulfurization and denitrification processes.
[0003] However, using red mud for desulfurization and denitrification has potential advantages: it can achieve red mud dealkali treatment, reduce environmental hazards and promote its stabilization; it can reduce dependence on natural resources and improve resource recycling rate; at the same time, as an industrial by-product, red mud can reduce the cost of related treatment processes.
[0004] Existing technologies lack integrated processes and devices for red mud desulfurization, denitrification, and particulate matter removal. It is difficult to efficiently utilize the active components of red mud to enhance the desulfurization and denitrification reactions. In particular, in the treatment of flue gas pollutants in boilers, industries, and other applications, it is impossible to meet the high-efficiency treatment needs of emission devices located near alumina plants or red mud storage sites. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device, which improves the comprehensive utilization level of red mud and achieves compliance or ultra-low emissions of pollutants such as SOx, NOx, and particulate matter in flue gas.
[0006] This utility model discloses a novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device, comprising:
[0007] A fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower includes a tower body, in which a central feed pipe, a central distributor, a bottom plate and a flue gas distribution unit are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. An exhaust port is provided at the top of the tower body, and a raw flue gas inlet is provided at the bottom of the tower body corresponding to the flue gas distribution unit.
[0008] The spiral heating feeder has its inlet connected to a red mud feed buffer tank, and its outlet connected to the central discharge pipe via a red mud feed pipe.
[0009] The cyclone separator has its inlet connected to the exhaust port and its outlet connected to the bag filter, through which clean flue gas is discharged.
[0010] The spiral return feeder has its inlet connected to the solid material discharge outlet of the bag filter, and its outlet connected to the central discharge pipe via a red mud return pipe.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the flue gas distribution unit includes a bottom flue gas main pipe, bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes and bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes;
[0012] The bottom flue gas main pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tower body, and one end of the bottom flue gas main pipe is connected to the raw flue gas inlet;
[0013] A plurality of bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes are evenly spaced and laid at the bottom of the tower body, and are all connected to the bottom flue gas main pipe;
[0014] Each bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipe is connected with a plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes at intervals, and the bottom plate is provided with bottom air holes corresponding to the top air outlets of the plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the aperture of the bottom air hole is 1 - 5 mm.
[0016] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the bottom flue gas main pipe is in a ring shape, "rich" shape, "one" shape or polygon.
[0017] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the solid material discharge port of the cyclone separator is connected to the red mud feed buffer tank or the external discharge conveying pipeline.
[0018] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the solid material discharge port of the bag filter is connected to the screw return feeder or the external discharge conveying pipeline.
[0019] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a flue gas fan is arranged on the intake pipeline connected to the raw flue gas inlet.
[0020] As a further improvement of the present utility model, an oxidant dosing unit is also arranged on the intake pipeline; the oxidant dosing unit transports oxidant into the tower body through the intake pipeline.
[0021] As a further improvement of the present utility model, a discharge port is also arranged at the bottom of the tower body for discharging the red mud after desulfurization and denitrification.
[0022] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the screw heating feeder is provided with a heating module, and the heating module is used for heating and drying the red mud; the heat source of the heating module is steam or raw flue gas. ]>
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0024] This invention employs a fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower, utilizing red mud as a desulfurization and denitrification agent. Under fluidized conditions, the red mud fully contacts and reacts with the flue gas, effectively removing NO from the flue gas. x SO x Meanwhile, the matching cyclone separator and bag filter can deeply remove particulate matter from the flue gas, achieving standard or ultra-low emissions and meeting environmental emission standards.
[0025] This invention enhances the fluidization effect of red mud by incorporating components such as a central feeder within the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower, combined with the heating and drying treatment of red mud by a spiral heating feeder. This significantly increases the contact area between the active components in the red mud and the pollutants in the flue gas, thereby improving mass transfer and reaction efficiency. Simultaneously, the addition of oxidant by the oxidant dosing unit further enhances the denitrification and desulfurization effect, fully leveraging the reactivity of the red mud.
[0026] This invention achieves dealkali treatment of red mud by reacting it with acidic flue gas during the desulfurization and denitrification process, thereby reducing its environmental hazards and promoting stabilization. At the same time, the red mud separated by the cyclone separator and bag filter can be recycled through the screw feeder, and the remaining red mud after the reaction can be discharged for use in building materials and other fields, promoting the transformation of red mud from industrial solid waste into usable resources, improving the resource recycling rate, and achieving the resource utilization goal of "treating waste with waste". Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device disclosed in one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the flue gas distribution unit of a novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device disclosed in one embodiment of this utility model.
[0029] In the picture:
[0030] 1. Flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower; 11. Tower body; 12. Central feed pipe; 13. Central distributor; 14. Bottom plate; 141. Bottom vent; 15. Flue gas distribution unit; 151. Bottom flue gas main pipe; 152. Bottom flue gas vertical branch pipe; 153. Bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipe; 16. Exhaust port; 17. Raw flue gas inlet; 2. Spiral heating feeder; 3. Red mud feed buffer tank; 4. Cyclone separator; 5. Bag filter; 6. Spiral return feeder; 7. Red mud feed pipe; 8. Red mud return pipe; 9. Flue gas fan; A. First returned red mud; B. Raw red mud; C. Heating steam; D. Steam condensate; E. Raw flue gas; F. Clean flue gas; G. Second returned red mud; H. Red mud after desulfurization and denitrification; I. Exhaust gas. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0035] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, a new type of red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device provided by the present utility model includes: a fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1, a spiral heating feeder 2, a red mud feed buffer tank 3, a cyclone separator 4, a bag filter 5, a spiral return feeder 6, a red mud feed pipe 7 and a red mud return pipe 8. Among them, the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1 includes a tower body 11. Inside the tower body 11, a central discharge pipe 12, a central distributor 13, a bottom plate 14 and a flue gas distribution unit 15 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. An exhaust port 16 is arranged at the top of the tower body 11, and an original flue gas inlet 17 is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 11 corresponding to the flue gas distribution unit 15; the inlet of the spiral heating feeder 2 is connected to the red mud feed buffer tank 3, and the outlet of the spiral heating feeder 2 is connected to the central discharge pipe 12 through the red mud feed pipe 7; the inlet of the cyclone separator 4 is connected to the exhaust port 16, the outlet of the cyclone separator 4 is connected to the bag filter 5, and the clean flue gas outlet of the bag filter 5 discharges clean flue gas F; the inlet of the spiral return feeder 6 is connected to the solid material discharge port of the bag filter 5, and the outlet of the spiral return feeder 6 is connected to the central discharge pipe 12 through the red mud return pipe 8.
[0036] Specifically:
[0037] As Figure 1-2 shown in the figure, in the above embodiment, preferably, the flue gas distribution unit 15 includes a bottom flue gas main pipe 151, bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes 152 and bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes 153; the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 is arranged at the bottom of the tower body 11, and one end of the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 is connected to the original flue gas inlet 17; a plurality of bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes 153 are evenly spaced and laid at the bottom of the tower body 11, and are all connected to the bottom flue gas main pipe 151; a plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes 152 are connected to each bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipe 153 at intervals, and the bottom plate 14 is provided with bottom air holes 141 corresponding to the top air outlets of the plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes 152.
[0038] In the above embodiment, preferably, the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 is in a ring shape, a "rich" shape, a "one" shape or a polygon. In this embodiment, the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 is in a "one" shape. During actual installation, the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 is arranged along the radial direction of the tower body 11 at the bottom of the tower body 11. A plurality of bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes 153 are evenly spaced and laid at the bottom of the tower body 11, and the axis of each bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipe 153 is perpendicular to the axis of the bottom flue gas main pipe 151 and is connected to the bottom flue gas main pipe 151.
[0039] In the above embodiment, preferably, the aperture of the bottom air hole 141 is 1-5 mm.
[0040] In the above embodiment, preferably, the solid material discharge port of the cyclone separator 4 is connected to the red mud feed buffer tank 3 or an external discharge pipeline. The solid material discharge port of the bag filter 5 is connected to the spiral return feeder 6 or an external discharge pipeline.
[0041] In the above embodiment, preferably, a flue gas fan 9 is provided on the air intake pipe connected to the original flue gas inlet 17.
[0042] In the above embodiments, preferably, an oxidant dosing unit is also provided on the air inlet pipe; the oxidant dosing unit delivers oxidant into the tower body 11 through the air inlet pipe. In this embodiment, the oxidant includes hydrogen peroxide or ozone.
[0043] In the above embodiment, preferably, the bottom of the tower body 11 is also provided with a discharge port for discharging the red mud after desulfurization and denitrification.
[0044] In the above embodiments, preferably, the spiral heated feeder 2 is equipped with a heating module for heating and drying the red mud; the heat source for the heating module is steam or raw flue gas. During actual installation, when the flue gas temperature meets the heating requirements, the heating unit is connected to the raw flue gas inlet pipe via a pipeline, utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas to heat the red mud. The spiral heated feeder 2 allows the red mud to be heated and dried before entering the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1, resulting in better fluidization effects. In this embodiment, the heating module uses heating steam C as the heat source to achieve the drying treatment of the red mud; the steam condenses to form steam condensate D.
[0045] In the above embodiments, preferably, in order to ensure the fluidization and boiling effect, this embodiment can set up 1 to 3 sets of corresponding red mud desulfurization and denitrification process devices according to the process conditions (flue gas load conditions), or return part of the outlet flue gas of the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1 to the inlet of the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1 for circulating fluidization, so as to ensure the fluidization and boiling effect of the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1.
[0046] In the above embodiments, preferably, the novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device disclosed in this utility model is suitable for the treatment of flue gas pollutants from boilers, industries, etc., especially for flue gas pollutant emission devices located near alumina plants or red mud storage sites.
[0047] How to use this embodiment:
[0048] 1) The raw material red mud B from the alumina plant enters the spiral heating feeder 2 from the red mud feed buffer tank 3. The excessively wet raw material red mud B can be dried by steam heating. The dried raw material red mud B enters the central feed pipe 12 of the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1 through the red mud feed pipe 7. The dried exhaust gas is discharged into the air after dust removal.
[0049] 2) After passing through the flue gas fan 9, the bottom flue gas main pipe 151, multiple bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes 153, and multiple bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes 152, the original flue gas E is discharged upward through multiple bottom air holes 141 on the bottom plate 14. At this time, the red mud particles falling through the central feed pipe 12 and the central distributor 13 achieve a boiling state in the tower body 11.
[0050] 3) Under boiling conditions, the contact area between the flue gas and red mud particles increases, thereby improving the reaction rate and efficiency. SO2 and NO in the flue gas... x It reacts chemically with red mud particles to produce sulfates and nitrates, thereby achieving desulfurization and denitrification;
[0051] 4) The flue gas after desulfurization and denitrification is discharged into the cyclone separator 4 and bag filter 5 through the exhaust port 16 at the top of the tower 11. After being separated and dusted by the bag filter 5, it meets the standards or is discharged ultra-clean.
[0052] 5) The first returned red mud A separated by cyclone separator 4 is either returned to the red mud feed buffer tank 3 or directly discharged for utilization, depending on the operation of desulfurization and denitrification; the second returned red mud G separated by bag filter 5 is either returned to the central discharge pipe 12 via screw feeder 6 and red mud return pipe 8, depending on the operation of desulfurization and denitrification;
[0053] 6) The desulfurized and denitrified red mud H, after being treated by the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1, is discharged through the discharge port at the bottom of the tower body 11.
[0054] Advantages of this utility model:
[0055] This invention employs a fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1, utilizing red mud as a desulfurization and denitrification agent. Under fluidized conditions, the red mud fully contacts and reacts with the flue gas, effectively removing NO from the flue gas. x SO x Meanwhile, the matching cyclone separator 4 and bag filter 5 can deeply remove particulate matter in the flue gas, achieving standard emissions or ultra-low emissions of the flue gas and meeting environmental emission standards.
[0056] This invention enhances the fluidization effect of red mud by incorporating components such as a central feed pipe 12 and a central distributor 13 within the fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower 1, combined with the heating and drying treatment of red mud by a spiral heating feeder 2. This significantly increases the contact area between the active components in the red mud and the pollutants in the flue gas, thereby improving mass transfer and reaction efficiency. Simultaneously, by adding oxidant in conjunction with the oxidant dosing unit, the denitrification and desulfurization effects can be further enhanced, fully leveraging the reactivity of the red mud.
[0057] This invention achieves dealkali treatment of red mud by reacting it with acidic flue gas during the desulfurization and denitrification process, thereby reducing its environmental hazards and promoting stabilization. At the same time, the red mud separated by the cyclone separator 4 and the bag filter 5 can be recycled through the screw feeder 6. The remaining red mud after the reaction can be discharged for use in building materials and other fields, promoting the transformation of red mud from industrial solid waste into usable resources, improving the resource recycling rate, and achieving the resource utilization goal of "treating waste with waste".
[0058] This invention can achieve integrated desulfurization, denitrification and particulate matter removal of red mud, realize the dealkali removal of red mud, and realize the comprehensive utilization of red mud resources. By adopting a fluidized bed desulfurization and denitrification device, the contact area between flue gas and alkaline substances and other active components in red mud can be greatly increased, mass transfer, heat transfer and chemical reaction can be enhanced, and flue gas desulfurization and denitrification can be achieved efficiently.
[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device, characterized in that, Comprising: A fluidized bed flue gas desulfurization and denitrification tower (1), which includes a tower body (11). Inside the tower body (11), a central feed pipe (12), a central distributor (13), a bottom plate (14), and a flue gas distribution unit (15) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. An exhaust port (16) is provided at the top of the tower body (11), and an original flue gas inlet (17) is provided at the bottom of the tower body (11) corresponding to the flue gas distribution unit (15). A spiral heating feeder (2), whose inlet is connected to a red mud feed buffer tank (3), and whose outlet is connected to the central feed pipe (12) through a red mud feed pipe (7). A cyclone separator (4), whose inlet is connected to the exhaust port (16), and whose outlet is connected to a bag filter (5). The clean flue gas is discharged from the clean flue gas outlet of the bag filter (5). A spiral return feeder (6), whose inlet is connected to the solid material discharge port of the bag filter (5), and whose outlet is connected to the central feed pipe (12) through a red mud return pipe (8).
2. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas distribution unit (15) includes a bottom flue gas main pipe (151), bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes (152), and bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes (153). The bottom flue gas main pipe (151) is arranged at the bottom of the tower body (11), and one end of the bottom flue gas main pipe (151) is connected to the original flue gas inlet (17). A plurality of bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipes (153) are evenly spaced and laid at the bottom of the tower body (11), and are all connected to the bottom flue gas main pipe (151). Each bottom flue gas horizontal branch pipe (153) is connected with a plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes (152) at intervals. The bottom plate (14) is provided with bottom air holes (141) corresponding to the top air outlets of the plurality of bottom flue gas vertical branch pipes (152).
3. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aperture of the bottom air holes (141) is 1 - 5 mm.
4. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom flue gas main pipe (151) is in a ring shape, "abundant" shape, "one" shape, or polygon shape.
5. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid material discharge port of the cyclone separator (4) is connected to the red mud feed buffer tank (3) or an external discharge conveying pipeline.
6. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid material discharge port of the bag filter (5) is connected to the spiral return feeder (6) or an external discharge conveying pipeline.
7. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flue gas fan (9) is provided on the intake pipeline connected to the original flue gas inlet (17).
8. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An oxidant dosing unit is also provided on the intake pipeline; the oxidant dosing unit conveys oxidant into the tower body (11) through the intake pipeline.
9. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A discharge port is further provided at the bottom of the tower body (11) for discharging the desulfurized and denitrified red mud.
10. The novel red mud desulfurization and denitrification process device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral heating feeder (2) is provided with a heating module, and the heating module is used for heating and drying the red mud; the heat source of the heating module is steam or original flue gas.