Aluminum alloy profile member friction stir welding tooling

Abstract

The utility model belongs to aluminium alloy section member stirring friction welding frock technical field, especially is involved aluminium alloy section member stirring friction welding frock. Including bottom plate, the left and right sides of bottom plate all are provided with the clamping mechanism of holding two aluminium alloy " work " type components body simultaneously, the clamping mechanism includes mounting plate, is provided with the drive assembly of the movable drive mounting plate to the inside on bottom plate, the inner side wall of mounting plate is hinged with two fixed plates, the top and bottom of fixed plate all are installed the limiting wheel that can roll along the width direction of aluminium alloy " work " type component body, the limiting groove that sets up in limiting wheel is limited aluminium alloy " work " type component body and moves up and down, the swing end of two fixed plates all are fixed with the extrusion block that presents two aluminium alloy " work " type component body is held together before and after. The utility model discloses through a set of clamping structure, completes the multidirectional fixation of two aluminium alloy " work " type component body simultaneously, improves the stability when fixing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding fixtures for aluminum alloy I-beam components, and in particular relates to a friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloy I-beams, as typical structural components, are widely used in rail transportation, aerospace, and other fields, and their connection quality directly affects the overall structural performance. Traditional aluminum alloy welding mainly uses fusion welding methods such as MIG / TIG, but these methods carry the risk of defects such as porosity and cracks, and the high heat input can easily lead to deformation. Friction stir welding has advantages such as no fusion welding defects, minimal deformation, and environmental friendliness, making it particularly suitable for aluminum alloy connections.

[0003] During friction stir welding, a tooling is needed to fix the aluminum alloy of the I-shaped part. Most of the existing fixing methods on the market are clamping fixation. Traditional clamping fixation can usually only apply clamping to two relatively symmetrical directions at a time, and cannot fix multiple directions such as up and down, left and right and front and back at the same time through a set of clamping structures, resulting in a limited fixing range and poor fixing ability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-shaped components, which simultaneously fixes the aluminum alloy I-shaped components from multiple angles through a set of clamping structures, thereby improving the stability of the fixation.

[0005] The aforementioned friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-shaped components includes a base plate. Clamping mechanisms are provided on both the left and right sides of the base plate to simultaneously hold two aluminum alloy I-shaped component bodies. Each clamping mechanism includes a mounting plate. A drive assembly is provided on the base plate to push the mounting plate inward. Two fixing plates are hinged to the inner wall of the mounting plate to fix the two aluminum alloy I-shaped component bodies respectively. The fixing plates swing inward and outward. The angle between the fixing plates and the mounting plate is acute. Limiting wheels that can roll along the width direction of the aluminum alloy I-shaped component body are installed at the top and bottom of the fixing plates. Limiting grooves are provided on the limiting wheels to restrict the vertical movement of the aluminum alloy I-shaped component body. Extrusion blocks that clamp the two aluminum alloy I-shaped component bodies together from front to back are fixed to the swing ends of both fixing plates.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting plate is mounted on the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the base plate is fixed with several support plates arranged sequentially from front to back to support the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body.

[0008] Furthermore, a return spring is installed between the fixed plate and the mounting plate at the angle. When the return spring is in its natural state, the angle between the fixed plate and the mounting plate is an acute angle.

[0009] Furthermore, the extrusion block is equipped with an extrusion wheel that swings along the length of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body.

[0010] Furthermore, the swing end of the fixed plate is provided with a through hole that is open to the upper and lower parts. A shaft rod is independently installed in the through hole, and the two ends of the shaft rod pass out of the through hole and are installed in the center of the upper and lower limit wheels.

[0011] Furthermore, the extrusion block is provided with an installation groove, and the extrusion wheel is installed in the installation groove.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This utility model uses a set of clamping structures to simultaneously fix the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped components from multiple angles, thereby improving the stability during fixing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the clamping mechanism;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0020] The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Base plate; 2. Limiting wheel; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Fixing plate; 6. Extrusion wheel; 7. Aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body; 8. Support plate; 9. Return spring; 10. Extrusion block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Example

[0023] This embodiment describes a friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the base plate 1 is provided with clamping mechanisms on both the left and right sides of the base plate 1, which simultaneously clamp the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7. The clamping structures on both sides are located at the left and right ends of the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7, respectively.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4 as well as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the red line represents the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7.

[0025] The clamping mechanism includes a mounting plate 4, and a hydraulic cylinder 3 is mounted on the base plate 1 to push the mounting plate 4 inward. During production, the oil chambers of two hydraulic cylinders 3 are connected in series, allowing them to operate simultaneously; alternatively, a parallel circuit can be used to achieve simultaneous operation. During production, the hydraulic cylinder 3 can also be driven by pneumatic cylinders or electric push rods to push the mounting plate 4 inward. Here, "inner side" refers to the side between the two mounting plates 4.

[0026] Two fixing plates 5 are hinged to the inner wall of the mounting plate 4, respectively clamping the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7. The two fixing plates 5 swing inward and outward. The two fixing plates 5 are hinged to the inner wall of the mounting plate 4 through hinge supports, and swing inward and outward as if... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the two fixed plates 5 swing in both directions; when the swinging ends move closer to each other, they are the inner side, and when the swinging ends move further apart, they are the outer side.

[0027] The angle between the fixing plate 5 and the mounting plate 4 is an acute angle; regardless of whether the fixing plate 5 swings inward or outward, the angle between the mounting plate 4 and the fixing plate 5 always remains within the acute angle range, that is, between 0° and 90°.

[0028] A return spring 9 is installed between the fixed plate 5 and the mounting plate 4 at the included angle. In its natural state, the included angle between the fixed plate 5 and the mounting plate 4 is an acute angle. The two ends of the return spring 9 are respectively connected to the inner sidewall of the fixed plate 5 and the inner sidewall of the mounting plate 4. In use, since the angle between the fixed plate 5 and the mounting plate 4 is less than 90° and greater than 0°, when the mounting plate 4 moves inward, the fixed plate 5 contacts the end face of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7 and then swings inward.

[0029] When the return spring 9 is in its natural state, the angle between the fixing plate 5 and the mounting plate 4 can be 60° or 70°. When the fixing plate 5 is no longer in contact with the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7, the return spring 9 returns the fixing plate 5 to its original angle.

[0030] Two adjacent fixing plates 5 are located on the same side of the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7. During operation, the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 are placed side by side, with the two fixing plates 5 on the left side located at the left end of the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 and the two fixing plates 5 on the right side located at the right end of the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7.

[0031] The top and bottom of the fixed plate 5 are equipped with limiting wheels 2 that can roll along the width direction of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7. The limiting wheels 2 are provided with limiting grooves that restrict the up and down movement of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7. The swing end of the fixed plate 5 is provided with a through hole that is open to the top and bottom. A shaft rod is independently installed in the through hole. The two ends of the shaft rod pass out of the through hole and are installed in the center of the upper and lower limiting wheels 2.

[0032] The two limiting wheels 2 are independent of each other through the shaft and the through hole, so that the limiting wheels 2 can rotate freely; during production, a bearing is installed between the through hole and the shaft, which helps to improve the stability of clamping and fixing.

[0033] The aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7 consists of a web and two wing plates. The web is located in the middle, and the two wing plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the web. Limiting grooves on the limiting wheels 2 are distributed circumferentially. These grooves can have a trapezoidal structure, wider on the outside and narrower on the inside, similar to the hook groove of a fixed pulley. Users can use aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 with different wing plate thicknesses. In use, the upper and lower limiting wheels 2 are aligned with the two wing plates of the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7, and the sides of the wing plates engage with the limiting grooves of the limiting wheels 2, restricting the vertical movement of the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7. Two fixing plates 5 correspond to the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 and restrict their movement.

[0034] Each swing end of the fixed plate 5 is fixed with a pressing block 10 that clamps the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 together from front to back. The pressing block 10 presses against the web of the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7, and the two pressing blocks 10 cooperate to make the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 fit together. When the fixed plate 5 swings inward, the pressing blocks 10 push the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 closer together, thereby restricting the front-to-back movement space of the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, an extrusion roller 6 is mounted on the extrusion block 10, which swings along the length of the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7. The extrusion roller 6 can effectively reduce the friction between the extrusion block 10 and the web of the aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component body 7, and prevent wear. An installation groove is provided on the extrusion block 10, and the extrusion roller 6 is installed in the installation groove.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the top of the base plate 1 is fixed with several support plates 8 arranged sequentially from front to back and used to support the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7; the support plates 8 are used to support the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, in actual use, the two hydraulic cylinders 3 operate simultaneously, pushing the mounting plate 4 to move inward. The limiting wheel 2 first contacts the end face of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7, and the wing plate of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7 enters the limiting groove of the limiting wheel 2, restricting the up and down movement of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7. Subsequently, as the mounting plate 4 continues to move, the fixing plate 5 is blocked and swings inward, the angle between it and the mounting plate 4 becomes smaller, the distance between the mounting plate 4 and the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7 becomes smaller, the return spring 9 is compressed, and the limiting wheel 2 moves along the wing plate. The extrusion block 10 rolls along the width direction until it abuts against the web of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7. As the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 are pressed together, although there is still a clearance between the fixing plate 5 and the mounting plate 4, they can no longer swing because the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 are pressed together and the distance between the webs is fixed. The extrusion block 10 abuts against the guard plate, so the fixing plate 5 can no longer swing. Therefore, the front and back of the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 are also fixed. The left and right directions of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 are also restricted by the fixing plate 5.

[0038] In summary, the hydraulic cylinder 3 pushes the mounting plate 4, and with the cooperation of the fixing plate 5, the limiting wheel 2, and the pressing block 10, simultaneously fixes the two aluminum alloy "I"-shaped component bodies 7 in the left-right, up-down, and front-back positions, making the fixation more stable. Another set of clamping mechanisms achieves multi-directional fixation, further improving fixation efficiency.

[0039] The clamping mechanism of this product is set on the left and right sides of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body 7, leaving space on the front and back sides to facilitate welding multiple aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7 together in a front-to-back arrangement, and to prevent the clamping mechanism from blocking the front and back aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies 7.

Claims

1. A friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-shaped components, comprising a base plate (1), wherein clamping mechanisms are provided on both the left and right sides of the base plate (1) for simultaneously clamping two aluminum alloy I-shaped component bodies (7) in front and behind, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a mounting plate (4), and a drive assembly that pushes the mounting plate (4) to move inward on the base plate (1); two fixing plates (5) are hinged on the inner wall of the mounting plate (4) to fix the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies (7) respectively, and the fixing plates (5) swing inward and outward; the included angle between the fixing plates (5) and the mounting plate (4) is an acute angle; the top and bottom of the fixing plates (5) are equipped with limiting wheels (2) that can roll along the width direction of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies (7), and the limiting wheels (2) are provided with limiting grooves that restrict the up and down movement of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies (7); the swing ends of the two fixing plates (5) are fixed with extrusion blocks (10) that clamp the two aluminum alloy "I" shaped component bodies (7) together in a front-to-back manner.

2. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder (3) and a mounting plate (4) is mounted on the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder (3).

3. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the base plate (1) is fixed with several support plates (8) arranged sequentially from front to back and used to support the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body (7).

4. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring (9) is installed between the fixed plate (5) and the mounting plate (4). When the return spring (9) is in its natural state, the angle between the fixed plate (5) and the mounting plate (4) is an acute angle.

5. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion block (10) is equipped with an extrusion wheel (6) that swings along the length of the aluminum alloy "I" shaped component body (7).

6. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing end of the fixed plate (5) is provided with a through hole that is open to the upper and lower parts. A shaft rod is independently installed in the through hole. The two ends of the shaft rod pass through the through hole and are installed in the center of the upper and lower limit wheels (2).

7. The friction stir welding fixture for aluminum alloy I-beam components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extrusion block (10) has an installation groove, and the extrusion wheel (6) is installed in the installation groove.

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