Waveguide pole type microseismic sensor for determining the position of a vibration reception

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide wave pole formula microseismic sensor of clear vibration receiving position, including microseismic sensor inner core, the outside of microseismic sensor inner core is wrapped with sensor upper casing, microseismic sensor inner core is connected with the inner core cable, the inner core cable extends outward along sensor upper casing, the outside of sensor upper casing, inner core cable is connected with nut gasket, nut and cable protection head in proper order, the bottom of sensor upper casing is provided with upper recess, this guide wave pole formula microseismic sensor still includes sensor lower casing, be provided with with upper recess cooperation work's lower recess on sensor lower casing, when sensor lower casing and sensor upper casing cooperate and connect after upper recess and lower recess form cylindrical space. The sensor uses guide wave pole installation, and simple operation is efficient, and through changing sensor design, realizes the surface contact of sensor and anchor rod, improves the quality of microseismic sensor acquisition signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of microseismic monitoring, and in particular to a waveguide rod type microseismic sensor that clearly identifies the vibration receiving location. Background Technology

[0002] Due to high ground stress and geological tectonic activity, deep rock engineering projects are highly susceptible to rockburst disasters, threatening the safety of construction personnel and equipment. Microseismic monitoring technology is an effective means of rockburst prevention and control. By installing microseismic sensors within rock engineering structures, this technology can collect fracture signals within the rock mass. Through waveform identification, arrival time acquisition, source location, and parameter calculation, parameters such as the location of the fracture event, released energy, and apparent volume are obtained, allowing for early warning of the location, time, and severity of rockbursts. The quality of microseismic signal acquisition directly affects the accuracy of waveform identification and arrival time acquisition, while the precision of the microseismic signal receiving coordinates directly affects the accuracy of source location and the results of parameter calculations. Therefore, improving the quality of microseismic signal acquisition and clarifying the microseismic signal receiving location can improve the accuracy of microseismic parameters and further enhance the reliability of rockburst early warning results.

[0003] The quality of the sensor and its installation significantly impacts signal acquisition. Currently, microseismic sensor installation methods include borehole grouting installation, retrievable borehole installation, surface mounting, and waveguide rod installation. Among these, borehole grouting installation offers the best waveform acquisition quality, and the microseismic signal is directly received by the sensor, allowing for precise measurement or calculation of the microseismic signal reception location. However, this method suffers from the inability to retrieve the sensor and high monitoring costs. Retrievable borehole installation can also accurately obtain the microseismic signal reception location, but because the microseismic sensor relies on a mechanical structure in close contact with the surrounding rock, long-term use can lead to loosening of the mechanical structure, resulting in inferior signal acquisition quality compared to borehole grouting installation. Furthermore, this method requires a large borehole diameter and long drilling time, impacting construction efficiency in practical applications. Surface mounting, while simple and quick, can accurately obtain the microseismic signal reception location, but because the microseismic sensor only adheres to the surface of the surrounding rock damaged by excavation, it is difficult to detect signals from deep rock fractures. The traditional method of transmission has a small coverage area and is easily affected by construction noise, resulting in poor waveform acquisition quality. The waveguide rod installation method, where the sensor is rigidly coupled to the rock mass via a waveguide rod installed in a small-diameter borehole, allows signals received at any position on the waveguide rod to be transmitted to the sensor. While this method facilitates sensor retrieval, simplifies operation, and effectively acquires deep rock fracture signals, the current microseismic sensor housing is mostly cylindrical, and the contact between the sensor and the waveguide rod is generally linear. The coupling between the sensor and the waveguide rod needs to be strengthened. Furthermore, this method currently cannot determine the receiving position of the microseismic signal acquired by the sensor on the waveguide rod. The microseismic signal reaching the sensor location passes through the waveguide rod, resulting in arrival errors for P-waves and S-waves, affecting the accuracy of microseismic parameter calculations.

[0004] In summary, existing microseismic sensors and their installation methods cannot simultaneously possess the characteristics of low monitoring cost, high installation efficiency, high waveform acquisition quality, and accurate acquisition of microseismic signal receiving location. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model discloses a waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position. It includes a micro-vibration sensor core, with an upper sensor housing surrounding the core. An inner core cable is connected to the core, extending outwards along the upper sensor housing. A nut washer, a nut, and a cable protection head are sequentially connected to the outer side of the upper sensor housing and the inner core cable. An upper groove is provided at the bottom of the upper sensor housing. The waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor also includes a lower sensor housing with a lower groove that works in conjunction with the upper groove. When the lower and upper sensor housings are connected, the upper and lower grooves form a cylindrical space.

[0006] A waveguide rod extends outward from the cylindrical space and is enclosed by the cylindrical space.

[0007] The upper housing of the sensor is provided with multiple bolts, and the lower housing of the sensor is provided with threaded holes that cooperate with the bolts. The bolts are installed in the threaded holes to form the cylindrical space.

[0008] The waveguide includes a vibration receiving area, a vibration transmission area, and a vibration feedback area. The vibration receiving area is installed at the deepest point of the rock borehole and is used to rigidly couple with the rock mass to receive vibration signals within the rock mass. The vibration transmission area is flexibly coupled with the rock mass and is used to transmit the vibration signals to the vibration feedback area. The vibration feedback area is exposed outside the borehole and is used to feed back micro-vibration signals to the micro-vibration sensor.

[0009] The sensor core and its inner cable are installed inside the sensor housing using a potting process.

[0010] The waveguide is a rigid cylindrical rod, and the diameter of the waveguide is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical space.

[0011] The vibration transmission zone of the waveguide rod is wrapped with wave-absorbing or wave-damping material.

[0012] A small amount of anchoring agent is applied to the vibration feedback zone of the waveguide rod.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model provides a waveguide-type microseismic sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving location. This sensor is mounted using a waveguide rod, making it recyclable, easy to operate, and highly efficient. Furthermore, by modifying the sensor design, it uses a sensor housing and back cover with semi-circular grooves, secured to the waveguide rod with bolts, achieving surface contact between the sensor and the anchor rod, thus improving the quality of the microseismic sensor's signal acquisition. Compared to existing waveguide-mounted microseismic sensors and methods, this invention divides the waveguide rod into three functional areas: a vibration receiving area, a vibration transmission area, and a vibration feedback area. Each functional area has a different coupling method with the rock mass, which can determine the receiving location of the microseismic signal and correct for the arrival of P-waves and S-waves. Under common microseismic event location and parameter calculation algorithms, the calculation results are more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor proposed in this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lower housing of the waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is an overall block diagram of the waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor proposed in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 A detailed view of the waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor proposed in this utility model after the waveguide rod has been installed.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Micro-vibration sensor inner core; 21. Sensor upper housing; 6. Inner core cable; 3. Nut washer; 4. Nut; 5. Cable protection head; 7. Upper groove; 8. Bolt; 12. Threaded hole; 22. Sensor lower housing; 20. Lower groove; 10. Cylindrical space; 9. Waveguide rod; 17. Vibration receiving area; 18. Vibration transmission area; 19. Vibration feedback area. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0023] like Figure 1 The waveguide-type micro-vibration sensor, which specifies the vibration receiving location, includes a micro-vibration sensor core 1. A sensor upper housing 21 is wrapped around the outer side of the micro-vibration sensor core 1. An inner core cable 6 is connected to the micro-vibration sensor core 1, extending outward along the sensor upper housing 21. A nut washer 3, a nut 4, and a cable protection head 5 are sequentially connected to the outer side of the sensor upper housing 21 and the inner core cable 6. An upper groove 7 is provided at the bottom of the sensor upper housing 21. The waveguide-type micro-vibration sensor also includes a sensor lower housing 22, which has a lower groove 20 that works in conjunction with the upper groove 7. When the sensor lower housing 22 and the sensor upper housing 21 are connected, the upper groove 7 and the lower groove 20 form a cylindrical space 10. A waveguide 9 extends outward from within the cylindrical space 10 and is enclosed by the cylindrical space 10.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the upper housing 21 of the sensor is provided with a plurality of bolts 8, and the lower housing 22 of the sensor is provided with threaded holes 12 that cooperate with the bolts 8. The bolts 8 are installed in the threaded holes 12 to form the cylindrical space 10.

[0025] Furthermore, the waveguide rod 9 includes a vibration receiving area 17, a vibration transmitting area 18, and a vibration feedback area 19. The vibration receiving area 17 is installed at the deepest part of the rock drilling hole and is used to rigidly couple with the rock mass to receive the vibration signals in the rock mass. The vibration transmitting area 18 is flexibly coupled with the rock mass and is used to transmit the vibration signals to the vibration feedback area. The vibration feedback area 18 is exposed outside the drilling hole and is used to feedback the microseismic signals to the microseismic sensor.

[0026] The inner core cable 6 is installed in the upper sensor housing 21 by an encapsulation process. The waveguide rod 9 is a rigid cylindrical rod, and the diameter of the waveguide rod 9 is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical space 10.

[0027] A method for installing a waveguide rod type microseismic sensor for determining the vibration receiving position includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Drill holes in the microseismic monitoring area and conduct acoustic wave tests to determine the range (d0) of the surrounding rock damage area;

[0029] S2. According to the range of the surrounding rock damage area, drill a certain number of microseismic monitoring holes and determine the length (l) of the waveguide rod;

[0030] S3. Wrap the vibration transmitting area of the waveguide rod with wave absorbing or wave blocking materials, do not process the vibration receiving area and the vibration feedback area of the waveguide rod, and insert the waveguide rod into the microseismic monitoring hole;

[0031] S4. Grout into the microseismic monitoring hole;

[0032] S5. Apply a small amount of anchoring agent to the hole mouth and the vibration feedback area of the waveguide rod to strengthen the fixation;

[0033] S6. Measure the coordinates (x1, y1, z1) of the microseismic monitoring hole mouth, the installation azimuth angle (α) and the inclination angle (β) of the installation device, and calculate the coordinates of the center position of the vibration receiving area of the installation device;

[0034] S7. Repeat the operation steps S3 to S6 to install a certain number of the microseismic sensors and the installation devices;

[0035] S8. Connect the inner core cable of the sensor to the microseismic acquisition instrument, input the hole mouth coordinates, the length of the waveguide rod, the installation azimuth angle and the inclination angle into the software supporting the microseismic monitoring system, and conduct monitoring;

[0036] S9. When the sensor needs to be moved, remove the bolts of the microseismic sensor, recover the microseismic sensor, and repeat steps S1 to S8 to continue monitoring.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving location, characterized in that... include: The micro-vibration sensor core (1) is surrounded by a sensor upper housing (21). The micro-vibration sensor core (1) is connected to an inner core cable (6). The inner core cable (6) extends outward along the sensor upper housing (21). Nut washers (3), nuts (4) and cable protection heads (5) are connected sequentially on the outer side of the sensor upper housing (21) and the inner core cable (6). An upper groove (7) is provided at the bottom of the sensor upper housing (21). The waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor also includes a sensor lower housing (22). A lower groove (20) is provided on the sensor lower housing (22) to cooperate with the upper groove (7). When the sensor lower housing (22) and the sensor upper housing (21) are connected, the upper groove (7) and the lower groove (20) form a cylindrical space (10).

2. The waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waveguide rod (9) extends outward from the cylindrical space (10) and is connected to it. The waveguide rod (9) is enclosed by the cylindrical space (10).

3. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper housing (21) of the sensor is provided with a plurality of bolts (8), and the lower housing (22) of the sensor is provided with a threaded hole (12) that is connected to the bolts (8). The bolts (8) are installed in the threaded hole (12) to form the cylindrical space (10).

4. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide rod (9) includes a vibration receiving area (17), a vibration transmission area (18), and a vibration feedback area (19). The vibration receiving area (17) is installed at the deepest point of the rock borehole and is used to receive vibration signals within the rock mass through rigid coupling with the rock mass. The vibration transmission area (18) is flexibly coupled with the rock mass and is used to transmit the vibration signals to the vibration feedback area. The vibration feedback area (19) is exposed outside the borehole and is used to feed back micro-vibration signals to the micro-vibration sensor.

5. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-vibration sensor core (1) and core cable (6) are installed inside the sensor housing (21) using a potting process.

6. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide (9) is a rigid cylindrical rod, and the diameter of the waveguide (9) is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical space (10).

7. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration transmission area (18) of the waveguide rod (9) is wrapped with wave-absorbing material or wave-blocking material.

8. A waveguide rod type micro-vibration sensor with a clearly defined vibration receiving position according to claim 4, characterized in that: A small amount of anchoring agent is applied to the vibration feedback area (19) of the waveguide rod (9).

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