A semi-automatic welding device suitable for board card welding

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of semi-automatic welding device suitable for board card welding.Belongs to board card welding equipment technical field.A kind of semi-automatic welding device suitable for board card welding, including operation platform, rack, based on the rack installation lifting assembly, based on the lifting assembly installation welding assembly and based on the operation platform installation tooling jig;The welding assembly includes the welding head with sawtooth shape.Sawtooth welding head makes solder spreading more evenly, effectively avoids false welding;The structure of sawtooth (tooth gap is formed between adjacent teeth) forms "discontinuous point" before solder solidification, makes the tin material of adjacent solder point flow before solidification Climbing, make insulation between adjacent solder point, realize multiple solder points welding in one operation, greatly improve production efficiency.The device is suitable for the precision welding scene of board card and flat cable in electronic manufacturing field, especially suitable for small batch, multi-species production demand, with high precision, high efficiency and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a semi-automatic welding device, and more particularly to a semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding. It belongs to the technical field of circuit board welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of electronic equipment manufacturing, the connection between circuit boards (such as motherboards and control cards) and ribbon cables is one of the core processes, and the soldering quality directly affects the signal transmission stability and reliability of the equipment. Traditional circuit board soldering is mostly done by manual soldering irons or simple semi-automatic equipment. However, as electronic equipment develops towards miniaturization and high density, higher requirements are placed on soldering accuracy (solder joint diameter deviation ≤ 0.05 mm), consistency (solder coverage uniformity ≥ 98%), and production efficiency (single station soldering time ≤ 3 seconds), and the limitations of traditional processes are becoming increasingly apparent. Manual soldering relies heavily on the operator's experience and skills, and mainly suffers from the following problems: Low soldering precision: Temperature fluctuations of the soldering iron tip (±10℃) and hand shaking (amplitude ≥0.1mm) lead to defects such as cold solder joints and bridging (short circuit between adjacent solder joints), with a defect rate as high as 5%~8%; Low efficiency: Soldering a single solder joint requires completing multiple steps of "taking solder - heating - feeding solder - removing", which takes about 5~8 seconds per joint, and cannot meet the needs of mass production; High labor intensity: Long-term repetitive operation can easily lead to operator fatigue, poor solder joint quality stability, and the solder fumes are harmful to human health.

[0003] To improve efficiency, some companies have introduced simple semi-automatic soldering equipment (such as pneumatic soldering irons and electric soldering machines), but there are still significant defects in the dedicated soldering of circuit boards and ribbon cables: Insufficient positioning accuracy: The lifting mechanism of existing equipment is mostly single-stage drive, which can only achieve "coarse adjustment" or "single-stage adjustment", and cannot take into account both rapid positioning and micron-level precision adjustment (such as the gap between the board pad and the ribbon cable conductor is usually 0.2~0.3mm), resulting in a centering deviation of ≥0.1mm between the soldering head and the solder joint; Insufficient soldering efficiency: The soldering of existing equipment can usually only perform single-point soldering. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve the aforementioned problems by providing a semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding. The circuit board welding device of this invention improves positioning accuracy through the coordinated arrangement of tooling fixtures and welding components; and by setting the welding head in a serrated shape, it solves the problem of completing multiple weld points at once, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows:

[0006] A semi-automatic welding device suitable for board soldering includes an operating platform, a frame, a lifting assembly mounted on the frame, a welding component mounted on the lifting assembly, and a tooling fixture mounted on the operating platform; the welding component includes a welding head with a serrated shape.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the tooling fixture includes a board fixture and a board fixture arranged adjacent to the board fixture so that a plurality of wire end conductors fixed to the board cover a plurality of solder points of the solder pads of the board fixed to the board fixture.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the board fixture and the ribbon cable fixture include a common limiting block.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the frame includes a height plate and a C-shaped plate based on the height plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the lifting assembly includes a cylinder lifting component based on the C-shaped plate and a lead screw lifting component based on the cylinder lifting component; the welding component is installed based on the lead screw lifting component.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the cylinder lifting assembly includes a first fixing part mounted on the C-shaped plate and a first lifting part for performing a first lifting procedure; the screw lifting assembly includes a second fixing part fixed relative to the first lifting part and a second lifting part for performing a second lifting procedure.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the screw lifting assembly further includes a screw mounting base, which includes an L-shaped carrier plate for connecting the first lifting part and a platform plate for fixing based on the L-shaped carrier plate; the second fixing part is mounted on the platform plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the frame further includes an L-shaped cover plate based on the C-shaped plate; the cylinder lifting assembly further includes a vertical guide rail disposed between the L-shaped carrier plate and the L-shaped cover plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the second fixing part includes a servo motor disposed on the platform plate and a lead screw mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor; the second lifting part includes a threaded sleeve disposed on the lead screw and a welding carrier plate disposed based on the threaded sleeve; the welding assembly is mounted on the welding carrier plate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a limit nut is provided at the lower end of the lead screw.

[0016] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The cylinder assembly of this invention can quickly adjust the welding assembly from its initial position to a position close to the end point; the lead screw assembly can precisely adjust the approximate position to the actual required position, ultimately achieving coordinated positioning that meets the requirements of speed and precision; the cylinder's "rapid coarse adjustment" avoids the inefficiency of pure lead screw lifting (pure lead screw takes 2-3 seconds to complete a 200mm stroke), while the lead screw's "precise fine adjustment" compensates for the positional error after the cylinder's stroke ends (such as the cylinder's end point offset caused by air pressure fluctuations); the combination of the two reduces the total lifting time of a single welding operation to 1-1.5 seconds (traditional equipment takes 3-5 seconds), while the lead screw's servo closed-loop control ensures the stability of the lifting process (vibration amplitude ≤0.02mm), avoiding weld point offset caused by mechanical vibration;

[0018] 2. Traditional welding heads are mostly flat or pointed designs, resulting in uneven solder coverage (local cold solder joints). The serrated welding head of this invention improves welding quality from multiple dimensions through geometric structural innovation: 1) The tooth shape design of the serrated welding head (tooth height 0.5 mm, tooth spacing 1 mm) increases the contact area with the solder (approximately 30% more than flat welding heads), allowing the solder to spread more evenly on the pad and conductor surface (coverage uniformity ≥99%), effectively avoiding cold solder joints caused by insufficient contact area; 2) The tooth shape design of the serrated welding head (forming tooth grooves between adjacent teeth) can effectively create discontinuous points between adjacent solder joints, thereby quickly melting the discontinuous solder before the solder solidifies at the solder joint position, allowing the solder to crawl from the discontinuous point to the solder joint position, insulating adjacent solder joints, and realizing simultaneous welding of multiple solder joints, thus achieving the technical effect of welding multiple solder joints in one operation;

[0019] 3. The board fixture and cable board fixture provide precise positioning points, greatly improving replacement efficiency;

[0020] 4. The L-shaped carrier plate and the L-shaped cover plate are slidably connected by vertical guide rails, which improves the smoothness of cylinder lifting; the welded carrier plate of the screw lifting assembly is connected to the platform plate by guide posts, which restricts the radial swing of the screw.

[0021] 5. The limit nut at the lower end of the lead screw precisely limits the maximum lifting stroke, preventing the lead screw from overtravel due to abnormal program operation;

[0022] 6. In summary, this utility model is a semi-automatic welding device for circuit board welding. Through core innovations such as dual lifting system for coordinated positioning, precise fixing with special tooling fixtures, and optimized solder distribution with serrated welding heads, it systematically solves the problems of precision, efficiency, and reliability of traditional manual welding and simple semi-automatic equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] In the diagram, the component names represented by each label are as follows:

[0025] 1-Operating platform,

[0026] 2-Rack,

[0027] 3- Lifting assembly,

[0028] 4-Welding components,

[0029] 5-Tooling fixtures,

[0030] 21- Height pad,

[0031] 22-C type plate,

[0032] 23-L type cover plate,

[0033] 31-Cylinder lifting assembly,

[0034] 32-Screw lifting assembly,

[0035] 33-Vertical guide rail,

[0036] 41-Welding joint,

[0037] 51-Board jig,

[0038] 52-Wire Ribbon Board Fixture

[0039] 311-First fixing part,

[0040] 312 - First Lifting Unit

[0041] 321-Screw mounting bracket,

[0042] 322-Second fixing part,

[0043] 323 - Second lifting section,

[0044] 324 guide post

[0045] 3211-L type carrier plate,

[0046] 3212 - Platform board. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any changes made by those skilled in the art after reading the specification, as long as they are within the scope of the claims, will be protected by patent law.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a semi-automatic device for soldering circuit boards and ribbon cable conductors is presented. This device solves the shortcomings of traditional manual soldering and simple equipment in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reliability through innovative designs such as dual lifting system for collaborative positioning, special tooling fixture for precise fixing and serrated welding head for optimized solder distribution.

[0050] This device comprises five core modules: an operating platform 1, a frame 2, a lifting assembly 3, welding components 4, and tooling fixtures 5 (see...). Figure 1 The operating platform 1 serves as the base bearing surface; the frame 2 is vertically mounted above the operating platform 1, providing support for the installation of the lifting assembly; the lifting assembly 3 consists of a cylinder lifting component 31 (for rapid coarse adjustment) and a screw lifting component 32 (for fine adjustment) connected in series, enabling multi-stage lifting of the welding component; the welding component 4 is fixed at the output end of the lifting assembly 3, and its core is a serrated welding head 41, used to complete simultaneous welding of multiple welding points; the tooling fixture 5 is installed on the operating platform 1, including a board fixture 51 and a cable board fixture 52, which respectively fix the board and cable board to be welded, ensuring precise alignment of the solder pads and the wire conductors.

[0051] The following is a more detailed explanation.

[0052] Frame 2 is the main frame of the device, formed by welding or bolting metal plates, and its structure includes:

[0053] Height pad 21: Located at the bottom end, fixed to the operating platform 1, used to raise the overall height of the machine frame, making it easier for operators to pick up and put down workpieces;

[0054] C-shaped plate 22: Vertically installed on the upper surface of height pad 21, with a C-shaped opening structure, it provides an installation reference surface for the subsequent cylinder lifting assembly 31 and L-shaped cover plate 23;

[0055] L-shaped cover plate 23: Covers the top of C-shaped plate 22 and is fixedly connected to C-shaped plate 22 by bolts. Together with C-shaped plate 22, it forms a semi-enclosed space to accommodate the cylinder lifting assembly 31 of lifting assembly 3. Vertical guide rail 33 is installed on the outer surface of C-shaped plate 22, which not only provides installation position and improves safety, but also enhances the aesthetics of the device.

[0056] The lifting assembly 3 is the core mechanism for achieving rapid lifting and precise positioning of the welding component 4. It consists of the cylinder lifting assembly 31 (coarse adjustment) and the screw lifting assembly 32 (fine adjustment) working together. A single lifting operation takes only 1 to 1.5 seconds (compared to 3 to 5 seconds for traditional pure screw equipment), and the vibration amplitude is ≤0.02mm, ensuring welding stability.

[0057] Cylinder lifting assembly 31 (quick coarse adjustment)

[0058] The cylinder lifting assembly 31 is installed within the semi-enclosed space formed by the C-shaped plate 22 and the L-shaped cover plate 23. It is used to quickly lift the welding assembly 4 from its initial position to a position close to its endpoint, avoiding the inefficiency of pure lead screw lifting (which takes 2-3 seconds to complete a 200mm stroke). Its structure includes:

[0059] First fixing part 311: is the fixing part of the cylinder body;

[0060] First lifting part 312: is the lifting part of the cylinder body;

[0061] Vertical guide rail 33: installed between L-shaped cover plate 23 and L-shaped carrier plate 3211; includes guide rail body (vertical direction) and slider. Through the sliding cooperation between slider and guide rail, the smoothness and guiding accuracy of cylinder lifting are improved.

[0062] Lead screw lifting assembly 32 (precision fine adjustment)

[0063] The lead screw lifting assembly 32 is installed downstream of the cylinder lifting assembly 31. Driven by a servo motor, it rotates the lead screw to achieve millimeter-level precision adjustment of the welding assembly (accuracy ≤ 0.02mm), compensating for positional errors after the cylinder stroke (such as endpoint offset caused by air pressure fluctuations). Its structure includes:

[0064] Screw mounting bracket 321: Used to connect cylinder lifting assembly 31 and other components of screw lifting assembly 32, including: L-shaped carrier plate 3211: horizontally arranged, with its upper surface fixedly connected to the end of the first lifting part 312 of cylinder lifting assembly 31 (by bolts or flange).

[0065] Platform plate 3212: Fixedly connected to L-shaped carrier plate 3211; provides an mounting surface for other components of the screw lifting assembly;

[0066] Second fixing part 322: mounted on platform plate 3212, including:

[0067] Servo motor: fixed to platform board 3212;

[0068] Lead screw: Coaxially connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, extending vertically downwards, with a limit nut installed at its lower end to limit the maximum rotational stroke of the lead screw (to prevent overtravel).

[0069] Second lifting part 323: sleeved on the outside of the lead screw, including:

[0070] Screw sleeve: It engages with the threaded lead screw and moves up and down vertically as the lead screw rotates;

[0071] Welding carrier plate 3231: fixed to the screw sleeve, used to support the welding assembly 4. Its four corners are connected to the platform plate 3212 through guide posts 324 (the guide posts 324 are set vertically, with the upper end fixed to the platform plate 3212 and the lower end passing through the through hole of the welding carrier plate to limit the radial swing of the lead screw and improve the lifting stability).

[0072] Welding assembly structure

[0073] The welding assembly 4 is installed on the welding carrier plate 3231 of the screw lifting assembly 32. Its core is the serrated welding head 41, which solves the problems of uneven solder coverage and multiple operations required for multiple welding points in traditional welding heads through geometric innovation.

[0074] The serrated welding head 41 is made of a high-melting-point metal (such as a copper-based alloy) and is long and narrow. Its lower surface is machined with regularly arranged serrations for welding multiple welding points at once. The tooth parameters are: tooth height 0.5 mm, tooth spacing 1 mm (vertical distance between the tips of two adjacent teeth), and tooth width 1 mm (width along the length of the welding head).

[0075] The functional advantages of the serrated welding head 41: Increased contact area: The serrated structure increases the contact area between the welding head and the solder by about 30% compared to the flat welding head, resulting in more uniform solder spreading (coverage uniformity ≥99%), effectively avoiding cold solder joints.

[0076] Multi-slot synchronous welding: The discontinuous structure of the serrations (with gaps between adjacent teeth) forms "discontinuous points" before the solder solidifies, allowing the solder material of adjacent solder points to flow and creep through the gaps, enabling the welding of multiple solder points (such as 8 to 16) in one operation, which greatly improves production efficiency.

[0077] Tooling and fixture structure

[0078] The tooling fixture 5 is installed on the upper surface of the operating platform 1, including the board fixture 51 and the cable board fixture 52. The two are precisely positioned by sharing a limit block to ensure that the positions of the board pads and the cable board conductors correspond one-to-one.

[0079] The board fixture 51 is used to fix the board (such as a PCB board) to be soldered, restricting its degrees of freedom in the X and Y directions.

[0080] The ribbon cable fixture 52 fixes the ribbon cable (such as an FPC ribbon cable) so that the conductors (such as copper wires) on the ribbon cable are aligned with the board pads.

[0081] The working process of this device is as follows:

[0082] Workpiece clamping: Place the board to be welded in board fixture 51, and place the ribbon cable board in ribbon cable board fixture 52. Fix them by common limit blocks to ensure that the solder pads are aligned with the wire conductors.

[0083] Rapid coarse adjustment (cylinder lifting): Activate the cylinder lifting assembly 31, the cylinder piston rod of the first lifting part 312 extends, pushing the lead screw lifting assembly 32 to move downward until the welding head 41 approaches the workpiece welding pad (distance is about 2~5mm), completing the coarse positioning (takes about 0.5 seconds).

[0084] Precision fine-tuning (lead screw lifting): Start the servo motor to drive the lead screw to rotate. The screw sleeve of the second lifting part 323 moves downward along the lead screw. The welding carrier plate 3231 drives the welding assembly 4 to slowly descend until the welding head 41 contacts the solder (such as solder paste) (the contact force is controlled by the torque of the servo motor to avoid crushing the solder), and complete the precision positioning (takes about 0.5 to 1 second).

[0085] Soldering operation: The soldering head 41 is heated to the set temperature (e.g., 250℃). The serrated structure makes full contact with the solder, and the solder spreads evenly due to the increased contact area. At the same time, the serrated structure (the gap between adjacent teeth) allows the solder of adjacent solder joints to flow and spread before solidification, which insulates the adjacent solder joints and enables simultaneous soldering of multiple solder joints (takes about 1 to 2 seconds).

[0086] Reset and component removal: After welding is completed, the servo motor rotates in the opposite direction, and the lead screw drives the welding head 41 to rise to the initial position; the piston rod of the cylinder lifting assembly 31 retracts, assisting in lifting the welding assembly 4; finally, the welded board and cable board are removed, completing one work cycle.

[0087] In summary, this device is suitable for precision soldering of circuit boards and ribbon cables in the field of electronic manufacturing, especially for small-batch, multi-variety production needs, and combines high precision, high efficiency and high reliability.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for board card welding, comprising an operation platform (1), a rack (2), a lifting assembly (3) installed based on the rack, a welding assembly (4) installed based on the lifting assembly and a tooling jig (5) installed based on the operation platform; characterized in that: The welding assembly (4) includes a welding head (41) with a serrated shape.

2. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for welding of a board card according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling fixture (5) includes a board fixture (51) and a board fixture (52) arranged adjacent to the board fixture so that a plurality of wire end conductors fixed to the board cover a plurality of solder points of the solder pads of the board fixed to the board fixture.

3. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for welding of a board card according to claim 2, characterized in that: The board fixture (51) and the cable board fixture (52) include a common limiting block.

4. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for welding of a board card as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) includes a height plate (21) and a C-shaped plate (22) based on the height plate.

5. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (3) includes a cylinder lifting component (31) based on the C-shaped plate (22) and a screw lifting component (32) based on the cylinder lifting component; the welding component (4) is installed based on the screw lifting component (32).

6. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cylinder lifting assembly (31) includes a first fixing part (311) mounted on the C-shaped plate (22) and a first lifting part (312) for performing a first lifting procedure; the screw lifting assembly (32) includes a second fixing part (322) fixed relative to the first lifting part (312) and a second lifting part (323) for performing a second lifting procedure.

7. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lead screw lifting assembly (32) further includes a lead screw mounting base (321), which includes an L-shaped carrier plate (3111) for connecting the first lifting part (312) and a platform plate (3112) for fixing based on the L-shaped carrier plate (3111); the second fixing part (322) is installed on the platform plate (3112).

8. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (1) also includes an L-shaped cover plate (23) based on the C-shaped plate (22); the cylinder lifting assembly (31) also includes a vertical guide rail (33) between the L-shaped carrier plate (3111) and the L-shaped cover plate (23).

9. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second fixing part (322) includes a servo motor disposed on the platform plate (3112) and a lead screw mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor; the second lifting part (323) includes a threaded sleeve disposed on the lead screw and a welding carrier plate disposed based on the threaded sleeve; a plurality of guide posts (324) are disposed between the welding carrier plate and the platform plate (3112); the welding assembly (4) is mounted on the welding carrier plate.

10. A semi-automatic welding device suitable for circuit board welding according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limit nut is provided at the lower end of the lead screw.

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