An unmanned exchange goods box structure
By combining a truss track, truss support, lifting track and lifting slide, and a buffer design with disc springs and guide rods, the problems of cargo box suspension lifting tilt and chassis impact damage in unmanned vehicles are solved, achieving precise positioning and stable transportation of the cargo box.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHENGDU WUTIAN IOT TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
During the lifting and translation of the suspension of an autonomous vehicle, the cargo box is prone to tilting deviation, and the chassis is damaged by vertical impact when carrying a heavy cargo box. Conventional spring shock absorbers are prone to lateral buckling failure.
The orthogonal displacement mechanism, consisting of truss rails, truss supports, lifting rails and lifting slides, combined with a buffer assembly of disc springs and guide rods, provides linear guidance and shock absorption functions. The lifting power component enables precise positioning and cushioning of the cargo box.
Ensure the accuracy of cargo box placement, reduce the risk of chassis structure fatigue damage, avoid lateral jamming or buckling of shock absorption components, and improve transportation stability and shock absorption effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224409067U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of logistics and transportation equipment technology, and in particular to an unmanned cargo exchange container structure. Background Technology
[0002] With the application of intelligent logistics systems, driverless vehicles are undertaking automated cargo exchange and transportation operations at the last mile. To reduce reliance on external lifting equipment, driverless freight vehicles often have lifting components added to their chassis to enable autonomous loading and unloading of cargo containers.
[0003] When existing vehicles perform cargo box suspension lifting and horizontal docking, the lifting components are mostly under single-sided suspension stress. The suspended loading of heavy-duty cargo boxes will generate significant lateral overturning moments. The basic linear guide mechanism cannot provide sufficient torsional stiffness, causing tilting deviations between the lifting components and the cargo box, affecting the dimensional accuracy of the cargo box and chassis alignment during placement.
[0004] During the actual lowering of the cargo box onto the vehicle chassis, the direct rigid pressure of the heavy-duty cargo box against the chassis frame generates concentrated vertical impact loads, exacerbating the mechanical fatigue of the chassis's load-bearing structure. In conventional designs, if simple cylindrical springs are used as support pads, the springs often experience lateral buckling and displacement when subjected to the eccentric impact and compression of a large-mass cargo box. This results in the loss of radial motion guidance and constraint during compression deformation, leading to shock absorption failure and component jamming and wear.
[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes an unmanned cargo exchange structure to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content
[0006] In view of the problems in the existing technology of unmanned cargo exchange box structure, such as the lateral tilting deviation that is easy to occur during the single-sided suspended lifting process, and the damage caused by vertical impact when the chassis directly supports the heavy cargo box for lowering, and the lateral buckling failure of conventional spring damping, this utility model aims to provide an unmanned cargo exchange box structure with improved structure that can solve the above problems.
[0007] This utility model provides an unmanned cargo exchange structure, including a chassis and a cargo box placed behind the chassis. A truss track is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis along the front-to-back direction. A truss support is slidably connected to the top of the truss track. A lifting track is vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the truss support. A lifting slide is slidably connected to the outside of the lifting track. A lifting power component is installed on the top of the lifting track, and the output end of the lifting power component is drivenly connected to the lifting slide. A cargo box hanging point is fixedly connected to the side wall. A hook is provided on the side wall of the lifting slide and is engaged with the cargo box hanging point. Lifting support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cargo box. Furthermore, a mounting shell is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis frame. A mounting groove is formed downward inside the mounting shell. The bottom end of a disc spring is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the mounting groove. An abutment plate is fixedly connected to the top of the disc spring. A guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the abutment plate and inserted into the inside of the disc spring. When the cargo box is placed flat on the top of the chassis, its bottom surface abuts against the top surface of the abutment plate.
[0008] The top of the truss track has a slide rail groove along its length, and the bottom of the truss support is fixedly connected to a slider. The slider is slidably embedded in the slide rail groove, and the sliding embedding structure maintains the straightness of the truss during movement.
[0009] Both sides of the lifting track are longitudinally provided with dovetail grooves, and the inner side wall of the lifting slide is fixedly connected with a dovetail slider. The dovetail slider is slidably embedded in the dovetail groove, and the inclined groove and track nesting structure prevents lateral deflection displacement that occurs when under load.
[0010] The lifting power assembly includes a drive motor and a ball screw. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the truss support. The top of the ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The outer wall of the ball screw is threadedly connected to the lifting slide. The threaded transmission mechanism provides mechanical self-locking support for vertical lifting and stopping.
[0011] The box hanging point is a concave load-bearing lug. The hook on the side wall of the lifting slide is bent upward and inserted into the concave load-bearing lug from bottom to top. The hanging and mating form provides a rigid connection node required for suspension and load bearing.
[0012] The outer diameter of the abutment plate is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the disc spring. The outer surface of the guide rod is fitted with the internal through hole of the disc spring with a clearance. The coaxial clearance sleeve relationship maintains the inner diameter expansion and contraction space during the compression deformation of the component and constrains the radial lateral swing.
[0013] The overall length of the guide rod is less than the depth of the mounting groove. When the bottom surface of the abutment plate is not under pressure, there is a buffer gap between it and the top surface of the mounting shell. This set difference size is the physical downward pressure stroke reserved for vertical drop load.
[0014] The lifting outriggers are multi-section sleeve-type hydraulic outriggers. The telescopic ends of the lifting outriggers are vertically downward and supported on the ground. The pipe wall structure and hydraulic components work together to undertake the task of supporting the cargo box to stand independently after it is separated from the vehicle body.
[0015] The truss track can be set as a single set or two sets. When the device uses a single set of truss tracks and corresponding components, it achieves single-track operation. When it uses two sets of truss tracks and corresponding components, it achieves dual-track synchronous operation. The lifting actions of the two sets of lifting slides are synchronized and work together to lock and support the cargo box.
[0016] When using a single set of truss rails, two hooks can be used accordingly. When using two sets of truss rails, a single hook can also be used accordingly. The connection method between the truss rails and the cargo box can be freely combined.
[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] 1. This utility model relies on an orthogonal displacement mechanism composed of a truss track, a truss support, and a lifting track and lifting slide to enable the chassis to independently complete the loading and unloading capabilities of grabbing, lifting, and horizontally moving the cargo box. The sliding motion mode replaces the traditional external hoisting operation. When the unmanned vehicle docks with the suspended cargo box, the coordinate adjustment of the longitudinal movement of the vehicle body and the horizontal sliding of the truss support ensures the accuracy of the centering position of the cargo box when it is placed.
[0019] 2. This utility model includes a buffer assembly comprising a disc spring and a guide rod in the chassis load-bearing area. The abutment plate bears the weight of the cargo box when it is lowered and compresses the disc spring below. The elastic deformation process absorbs the vertical impact loads generated during loading / unloading and vehicle movement, reducing the risk of fatigue damage to the chassis structure. The guide rod, inserted inside the disc spring, provides coaxial positioning, maintaining the radial straightness of the buffer component during compression and preventing lateral jamming or buckling of the shock-absorbing assembly. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an unmanned cargo exchange container structure proposed in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a second-view schematic diagram of an unmanned cargo exchange box structure proposed in this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting shell of an unmanned cargo exchange container structure proposed in this utility model;
[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting power component of an unmanned cargo exchange box structure proposed in this utility model.
[0026] Legend:
[0027] 1. Chassis; 2. Truss rail; 3. Truss support; 4. Lifting power assembly; 5. Lifting rail; 6. Lifting slide; 7. Cargo box; 8. Box hanging point; 9. Lifting outrigger; 10. Mounting shell; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Disc spring; 13. Guide rod; 14. Abutment plate. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Example
[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 This utility model provides an unmanned cargo box exchange structure, which aims to solve the problems of damage to the chassis 1 caused by vertical impact loads during loading, unloading and lowering of cargo boxes in existing freight vehicles, as well as insufficient guiding and limiting capabilities during suspended docking and translation.
[0030] The unmanned cargo exchange structure includes a chassis 1 and a cargo box 7 located behind the chassis 1. A truss track 2 is bolted to the top of the chassis 1 along the front-to-back direction, and a truss support 3 is slidably connected to the top of the truss track 2. The chassis 1 serves as a mobile carrier and shock-absorbing mounting base for the unmanned cargo exchange structure. The cargo box 7 is used to hold materials to be transferred. The truss track 2 provides a basic guide path for the forward and backward movement of the upper sliding components. The truss support 3 supports the hoisting and lifting structure and adjusts the horizontal position during loading and unloading alignment.
[0031] A lifting rail 5 is vertically fixed to the side wall of the truss support 3. A lifting slide 6 is slidably connected to the outside of the lifting rail 5. A lifting power component 4 is installed on the top of the lifting rail 5. The output end of the lifting power component 4 is connected to the lifting slide 6. The lifting rail 5 is used to limit the vertical movement trajectory and provide sliding guidance support. The lifting slide 6 is used to carry the gripping connector to perform up and down reciprocating motion. The lifting power component 4 is used to provide driving force for the lifting and lowering action. A box hanging point 8 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cargo box 7. The side wall of the lifting slide 6 is provided with a hook and the hook is engaged with the box hanging point 8. Lifting support legs 9 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the cargo box 7. The box hanging point 8 is used to provide the docking and gripping force bearing position. The hook engaging with the box hanging point 8 is used to establish a rigid force connection between the two during loading and unloading. The lifting support legs 9 are used to provide multi-point vertical support when the cargo box 7 is detached from the chassis 1 and placed on the ground.
[0032] A mounting shell 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis 1 frame. A mounting groove 11 is opened downward inside the mounting shell 10. The bottom end of a disc spring 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the mounting groove 11. An abutment plate 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the disc spring 12. A guide rod 13 is fixedly connected vertically downward to the bottom surface of the abutment plate 14. The guide rod 13 is inserted into the inside of the disc spring 12. When the cargo box 7 is placed flat on the top of the chassis 1, its bottom surface abuts against the top surface of the abutment plate 14. The mounting shell 10 is used to provide internal storage space and protect the internal ejection structure. The disc spring 12 is used to absorb the vertical impact load of the cargo box falling and the vehicle traveling when it is subjected to pressure deformation. The abutment plate 14 is used to directly bear the heavy impact of the bottom of the cargo box 7. The guide rod 13 is used to perform internal radial limiting and anti-deviation when the abutment plate 14 is pressed down and drives the disc spring 12 to compress.
[0033] In the specific structural assembly of the unmanned cargo exchange box structure, the top of the truss track 2 is provided with a slide rail groove along the length direction, and the bottom of the truss support 3 is fixedly connected with a slider with a matching cross section. In the component assembly state, the slider at the bottom of the truss support 3 is slidably embedded in the slide rail groove of the truss track 2. The sliding fit structure between the track block and the slide rail groove maintains the linear guiding accuracy of the truss support 3 when it moves back and forth along the truss track 2.
[0034] Both sides of the lifting track 5 are longitudinally provided with dovetail grooves, and the inner side of the lifting slide 6 is fixedly connected with a dovetail slider. The lifting slide 6 is slidably embedded in the dovetail groove of the lifting track 5 through the dovetail slider. The lifting power component 4 responsible for vertical drive includes a drive motor and a ball screw. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the truss 3. The top of the ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The outer wall of the ball screw is threadedly connected to the lifting slide 6. The sliding limit of the dovetail groove track combined with the threaded transmission of the motor screw ensures the structural anti-deflection capability of the lifting slide 6 during vertical displacement.
[0035] The box attachment point 8, which is used in conjunction with the grabbing operation, is a concave load-bearing lug that is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cargo box 7. The hook extending from the side wall of the lifting slide 6 is bent upward and is inserted into the concave load-bearing lug from bottom to top. The engagement connection between the hook and the lug establishes the lifting force point of the cargo box 7. The lifting outrigger 9 arranged on the bottom surface of the cargo box 7 is a multi-section sleeve-type hydraulic outrigger. The telescopic end of the lifting outrigger 9 is vertically supported downward to the ground. The hydraulic outrigger components, together with the attachment point, undertake the vertical load-bearing task after the cargo box 7 is separated from the chassis 1.
[0036] In the specific dimensional relationship of the bottom buffer mechanism, the outer diameter of the abutment plate 14 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the disc spring 12, the outer diameter of the guide rod 13 is fitted with the inner side of the disc spring 12 with clearance, the total length of the guide rod 13 is less than the depth of the mounting groove 11, and a buffer gap is reserved between the bottom surface of the abutment plate 14 and the top surface of the mounting shell 10 when it is not under pressure; the coaxial sleeve fit of the guide rod 13 inserted into the disc spring 12 prevents the disc spring 12 from buckling and shifting laterally when it is under pressure, and the difference between the reserved buffer gap and the length dimension provides sufficient physical movement stroke for the downward deformation action of the abutment plate 14.
[0037] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also includes the following preferred technical solutions:
[0038] To reduce friction and wear in the sliding mating area, a self-lubricating coating is applied to the inner surface of the slide rail groove at the top of the truss track 2. The slider at the bottom of the truss support 3 is slidably embedded in the slide rail groove. The surface of the slider is carburized and quenched to improve the surface hardness of the metal. The embedded mating structure combined with the hardened surface maintains the straightness and load-bearing rigidity of the truss support 3 when it moves along the truss track 2.
[0039] To limit the overturning torque when the lifting track is suspended under heavy load, the dovetail grooves on both sides of the lifting track 5 have an inwardly inclined guide surface. The outer contour of the dovetail slider fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the lifting slide 6 slides in contact with the inwardly inclined guide surface of the dovetail groove. The dovetail sliding fit structure resists the lateral and radial deflection stress of the lifting slide 6 when it is loaded through the mechanical nesting interference of the inclined surface.
[0040] To achieve precise positioning and power-off self-locking for vertical lifting, the lifting power assembly 4 relies on a drive motor to drive the ball screw to rotate. The top of the ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The threaded track on the outer wall of the ball screw is connected to the pre-embedded nut seat inside the lifting slide 6. The threaded helix angle of the ball screw is less than the equivalent friction angle. When the torque supply at the output end stops, the threaded transmission mechanism relies on mechanical friction self-locking force to maintain the suspension position of the lifting slide 6.
[0041] To constrain the multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the gripping connection point, the box hanging point 8, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cargo box 7, is set as a concave load-bearing lug. The upwardly bent hook extending from the side wall of the lifting slide 6 is inserted into the concave load-bearing lug from bottom to top. The outer surface of the bottom of the hook matches and abuts against the concave surface of the lug. The interlocking area relies on the self-weight of the metal components to prevent the cargo box 7 from tilting after being lifted.
[0042] To prevent rigid interference collisions of the shock-absorbing components under impact conditions, the outer diameter of the abutment plate 14 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the disc spring 12. The outer diameter of the guide rod 13 and the inner hole of the disc spring 12 are kept in clearance fit. The total length of the guide rod 13 is less than the absolute depth of the mounting groove 11. A buffer gap is left between the bottom surface of the abutment plate 14 and the top surface of the mounting shell 10 when it is not under pressure. The clearance fit relationship avoids radial jamming of the guide rod 13 when the disc spring 12 is compressed and deformed. The reserved buffer gap provides physical deformation displacement space for the dynamic absorption of vertical impact loads.
[0043] To meet the support requirements for placing cargo boxes on uneven ground, the lifting outriggers 9 on the bottom of the cargo box 7 adopt multi-section sleeve-type hydraulic outriggers. The multi-section sleeve-type hydraulic outriggers have built-in hydraulic cylinders, and their telescopic ends are vertically downward and connected to the ground. The hydraulic telescopic structure, together with the tube wall guide of the multi-section sleeve, provides a height-adjustable rigid support benchmark for the cargo box 7 after it is detached from the chassis 1.
[0044] When using a single set of truss rails 2, two hooks can be used accordingly; when using two sets of truss rails 2, a single hook can also be used accordingly.
[0045] Working principle: When the packing operation starts, the drive motor in the lifting power component 4 drives the ball screw to rotate, which drives the lifting slide 6 to slide down along the dovetail groove on the side wall of the lifting track 5; the upward bending hook extending from the side wall of the lifting slide 6 engages with the box hanging point 8 on the side wall of the cargo box 7 to complete the grabbing action; the lifting power component 4 then rotates in the opposite direction, pulling the lifting slide 6 to simultaneously lift the cargo box 7 and the lifting support leg 9 suspended on the bottom of the cargo box 7 vertically to the preset limit height.
[0046] After the suspension lifting is completed, the bottom of the truss support 3 slides linearly towards the front of the vehicle along the slide rail groove of the top truss track 2 of the chassis 1 by the slider. The vehicle chassis 1 moves synchronously towards the rear of the vehicle to complete the longitudinal spatial alignment. After the alignment is completed, the lifting slide 6 controls the cargo box 7 to descend. The bottom surface of the cargo box 7 contacts the abutment plate 14 on the top of the chassis 1 frame. Its own weight and dynamic falling impact load force the abutment plate 14 to overcome the elastic force of the disc spring 12 and move into the mounting groove 11. The disc spring 12 is compressed inside the mounting groove 11 of the mounting shell 10 and generates elastic deformation to absorb vertical kinetic energy. During the descent of the abutment plate 14, the guide rod 13 fixedly connected at the bottom slides synchronously into the inner hole of the disc spring 12. The lateral displacement of the disc spring 12 and the abutment plate 14 under pressure is limited by the inner hole clearance fit relationship, maintaining the vertical guiding stability of the shock absorption and buffering action. The unloading operation is performed in the reverse mechanical sequence.
[0047] By relying on the orthogonal sliding cooperation between the truss track 2 and the lifting track 5, and combined with the anti-deviation buffer assembly consisting of the abutment plate 14, disc spring 12 and guide rod 13, this design overcomes the technical defects of damage to the chassis 1 during cargo box docking and placement and insufficient guiding ability during the suspended translation stage.
[0048] Meanwhile, the truss track 2 can be set as a single set or two sets. When the device uses a single set of truss track 2 and corresponding components, it achieves single-rail operation. When it uses two sets of truss track 2 and corresponding components, it achieves dual-rail synchronous operation. The lifting actions of the two sets of lifting slides 6 are synchronized and work together to lock and support the cargo box 7, which can effectively improve the load-bearing capacity and operational stability of the device, adapt to the exchange of heavy-duty goods, and the single-rail and dual-rail operation modes can be flexibly switched according to the actual weight of the goods and the operation scenario without disassembling or modifying the main structure of the device.
[0049] The above description only discloses specific embodiments of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the protection scope finally defined in the application documents.
Claims
1. An unmanned cargo exchange structure, comprising a chassis (1) and a cargo box (7), characterized in that, The chassis (1) is fixedly connected to a truss track (2) along the front-rear direction at the top. A truss support (3) is slidably connected to the top of the truss track (2). A lifting track (5) is vertically fixedly connected to the side wall of the truss support (3). A lifting slide (6) is slidably connected to the outside of the lifting track (5). A lifting power assembly (4) is installed on the top of the lifting track (5). The output end of the lifting power assembly (4) is connected to the lifting slide (6) in a transmission connection. A box hanging point (8) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cargo box (7). A hook is provided on the side wall of the lifting slide (6), and the hook is engaged with the box hanging point (8). The bottom surface of the cargo box (7) is fixedly connected with lifting support legs (9); the top of the chassis (1) frame is fixedly connected with a mounting shell (10), the mounting shell (10) has a downward-facing mounting groove (11) inside, the bottom wall of the mounting groove (11) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a disc spring (12), the top end of the disc spring (12) is fixedly connected with an abutment plate (14), the bottom surface of the abutment plate (14) is vertically fixedly connected with a guide rod (13), the guide rod (13) is inserted into the inside of the disc spring (12), and when the cargo box (7) is placed flat on the top of the chassis (1), the bottom surface abuts against the top surface of the abutment plate (14).
2. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the truss track (2) is provided with a slide rail groove along the length direction, and the bottom of the truss support (3) is fixedly connected with a slider, which is slidably embedded in the slide rail groove.
3. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box hanging point (8) is a concave load-bearing lug, and the hook on the side wall of the lifting slide (6) is bent upward and inserted into the concave load-bearing lug from bottom to top.
4. The unmanned cargo exchange container structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting power assembly (4) includes a drive motor and a ball screw. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the truss (3). The top of the ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. The outer wall of the ball screw is threadedly connected to the lifting slide (6).
5. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the abutment plate (14) is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the disc spring (12), and the outer diameter of the guide rod (13) is fitted with the inner side of the disc spring (12) with a clearance.
6. The unmanned cargo exchange container structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total length of the guide rod (13) is less than the depth of the mounting groove (11), and a buffer gap is left between the bottom surface of the abutment plate (14) and the top surface of the mounting shell (10) when it is not under pressure.
7. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting outrigger (9) is a multi-section sleeve-type hydraulic outrigger, and the telescopic end of the lifting outrigger (9) is vertically downward and supported on the ground.
8. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting track (5) has dovetail grooves longitudinally opened on both sides, and the lifting slide (6) has a dovetail slider fixedly connected to the inner side wall, and the dovetail slider is slidably embedded in the dovetail groove.
9. The unmanned cargo exchange container structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The truss track (2) can be set as a single set or two sets. When the device uses a single set of truss track (2) and corresponding components, it achieves single-track operation. When it uses two sets of truss track (2) and corresponding components, it achieves dual-track synchronous operation. The lifting actions of the two sets of lifting slides (6) are synchronized and work together to lock and support the cargo box (7).
10. The unmanned cargo exchange structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, When using a single set of truss rails (2), two hooks can be used accordingly; when using two sets of truss rails (2), a single hook can also be used accordingly.