A friction plate assembly, pack and electromagnetic clutch

Abstract

The application relates to a friction plate assembly, a set and an electromagnetic clutch, which comprises a pair of elastic annular friction plates, both of which are provided with a central through hole for penetrating an output shaft, an outer ring of one friction plate is provided with an outer spline in the circumferential direction, and an inner ring of the other friction plate is provided with an inner spline in the circumferential direction; at least one friction plate is provided with a space between the center of the outer ring and the center of the inner ring in the axial direction in a free state, and the center of the inner ring is away from the other friction plate in the axial direction; the friction plate has a first state and a second state, when the friction plate is in the first state, the center of the inner ring and the center of the outer ring of the friction plate are coincident, and the two friction plates are tightly attached to each other; when the friction plate is in the second state, the friction plate returns to the concave-convex shape before deformation due to the disappearance of the magnetic force, so that the dynamic and static friction plates are quickly separated, and the problem that the planar friction plates cannot be completely and reliably separated in liquid is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electromagnetic clutch technology, and in particular to a friction plate assembly, a group of friction plates, and an electromagnetic clutch. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic clutches are widely used in industrial equipment, automotive transmission systems, and automated machinery. Their core function is to engage and disengage mechanical transmissions through electromagnetic force. Existing electromagnetic clutches typically use metal materials for their planar dynamic and static friction plates, and usually operate in liquid media (such as lubricating oil or coolant) to reduce friction loss and extend service life. However, the unique physical characteristics of liquid environments (such as oil film adsorption force) and the residual magnetism after the electromagnet is de-energized pose key technical challenges to ensuring reliable clutch disengagement.

[0003] In a liquid environment, after the electromagnetic clutch is de-energized, the separation of the friction plates faces two core challenges: the combined effect of residual magnetic force and oil film adhesion. Residual magnetic force, originating from the residual magnetic field generated by the electromagnet's hysteresis effect, continuously attracts the metal friction plates, causing separation lag. Oil film adhesion, on the other hand, arises from the oil film formed by the liquid medium on the contact surface of the friction plates, generating an additional adhesion effect through intermolecular forces (such as van der Waals forces or capillary action). The combined effect of these two forces makes the friction plates prone to "sticking" after de-energization, directly leading to separation lag, accelerated wear, and abnormal load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a friction plate assembly, group, and electromagnetic clutch to solve the technical problem in the related art where the planar dynamic and static friction plates of the electromagnetic clutch cannot be completely and reliably disengaged in a liquid environment due to residual magnetic force and oil film adsorption force, thereby shortening the service life and affecting the normal operation of the load equipment.

[0005] In a first aspect, a friction pad assembly is provided, comprising:

[0006] A pair of elastic annular friction plates, both of which are provided with a central through hole for the output shaft to pass through. One friction plate has an external spline on its outer ring circumferentially, and the other friction plate has an internal spline on its inner ring circumferentially.

[0007] In the free state, at least one friction piece has an axial gap between the center of its outer ring and the center of its inner ring, and the center of its inner ring is axially away from another friction piece.

[0008] The friction pad has a first state and a second state. When it is in the first state, the center of the inner ring of the friction pad coincides with the center of the outer ring, and the two friction pads are in close contact with each other. When it is in the second state, the friction pad returns to the center of the inner ring away from the center of the outer ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the friction pad includes a dynamic friction pad and a static friction pad;

[0010] The dynamic friction plate is fixedly connected to the input shaft via an external spline;

[0011] The static friction plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft via an internal spline.

[0012] In some embodiments, the dynamic friction pad is planar in its free state;

[0013] In its free state, the center of the inner ring of the static friction plate is axially away from the dynamic friction plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the static friction pad is planar in its free state;

[0015] In its free state, the center of the inner ring of the dynamic friction plate is axially away from the static friction plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, when the two friction pads are in a free state, the centers of their outer rings and inner rings are spaced apart along the axial direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the centers of the two inner rings of the friction pads are far apart from each other.

[0018] Secondly, a friction pad assembly is provided, including the aforementioned friction pad components, wherein multiple friction pad components are stacked sequentially along the output shaft direction.

[0019] Thirdly, an electromagnetic clutch is provided, including the aforementioned friction plate assembly.

[0020] This application provides a friction plate assembly, group, and electromagnetic clutch. In the free state, one friction plate has an axial gap between the center of its outer ring and the center of its inner ring, forming an elastic curved surface. When the friction plate is in the first state, i.e., when the electromagnetic coil is energized and generates a magnetic field, the elastic curved surface of one friction plate attracts the other friction plate under the action of the magnetorheological fluid. Both are in planar states, achieving torque transmission. When the friction plate is in the second state, i.e., when the electromagnetic field disappears, the elastic friction plate relies on its own deformation restoring force to cause the center of its inner ring to deviate from the other friction plate, forming an axial gap. This causes the moving friction plate and the stationary friction plate to disengage (completely separate or in line contact), reducing residual magnetic force and oil film adsorption force. The moving friction plate cannot transfer kinetic energy to the stationary friction plate, allowing the moving friction plate to rotate around its own axis under external force, while the stationary friction plate remains stationary. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the dynamic friction plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the static friction pad provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic plan view of the combined state (disassembled state) of the dynamic friction plate and the static friction plate provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC Figure I ;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC Figure II ;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC Figure III ;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle CC Figure IV (Insulation state).

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Friction plate; 101. Moving friction plate; 102. Static friction plate; 2. Central through hole; 3. External spline; 4. Internal spline. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] This application provides a friction plate assembly that solves the technical problem in the related art where electromagnetic clutches in liquid environments cannot completely and reliably disengage planar dynamic and static friction plates, thereby shortening their service life and affecting the normal operation of the load equipment.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this application provides a friction pad assembly, which includes:

[0036] A pair of elastic annular friction plates 1, both of which are provided with a central through hole 2 for the output shaft to pass through. One friction plate 1 has an external spline 3 on its outer ring circumferentially, and the other friction plate has an internal spline 4 on its inner ring circumferentially.

[0037] Specifically, a pair of elastic annular friction plates 1 includes a moving friction plate 101 and a stationary friction plate 102. The moving friction plate 101 is fixedly connected to the input shaft via an external spline 3, and the stationary friction plate 102 is fixedly connected to the output shaft via an internal spline 4.

[0038] It should be noted that friction plate 1 is made of metal and has a certain elastic deformation capability.

[0039] In this embodiment, at least one friction piece 1, in its free state, has an axial gap between the center of its outer ring and the center of its inner ring, and the center of its inner ring is axially away from the other friction piece 1. That is, at least one friction piece 1 has an elastic curved surface.

[0040] Furthermore, the aforementioned friction plate 1 has a first state and a second state. When it is in the first state, the inner ring center of the friction plate 1 coincides with the outer ring center, and the two friction plates 1 are pressed tightly against each other. When it is in the second state, the friction plate 1 returns to the inner ring center and moves away from the outer ring center.

[0041] Since one friction plate 1 is in a free state, the center of its outer ring and the center of its inner ring are spaced axially to form an elastic curved surface. When the friction plate 1 is in the first state, that is, when the electromagnetic coil is energized and generates a magnetic field, the elastic curved surface of one friction plate 1 attracts the other friction plate 1 under the action of the magnetorheological fluid. Both are in a planar state, so that the external force drives the moving friction plate 101 to rotate around its own axis and simultaneously drives the stationary friction plate 102 to rotate together. When the friction plate 1 is in the second state, that is, when the electromagnetic field disappears, the elastic friction plate 1 relies on its own deformation restoring force to make the center of the inner ring deviate from the other friction plate 1, forming an axial gap, so that the moving friction plate 101 and the stationary friction plate 102 are separated from each other (completely separated, or in line contact). This can reduce the residual magnetic force and the oil film adsorption force. The moving friction plate 101 cannot transfer kinetic energy to the stationary friction plate 102, so that the moving friction plate 101 rotates around its own axis under the action of the external force, while the stationary friction plate 102 remains stationary.

[0042] Furthermore, in the free state, the centers of the outer rings and the centers of the inner rings of the two friction plates 1 are spaced apart along the axial direction. Also, the centers of the inner rings of the two friction plates 1 are far apart from each other.

[0043] Specifically, both the moving friction plate 101 and the stationary friction plate 102 have elastic curved surfaces protruding from the edge of the friction plate 1, and the elastic curved surfaces of the two friction plates 1 are far apart from each other in the free state, which disrupts the continuity of the contact surface of the friction plates 1 and reduces the risk of adhesion. When energized, the magnetic force overcomes the deformation force of the friction plate 1, causing the moving friction plate 101 and the stationary friction plate 102 to adhere together, forming a planar state, thereby realizing power transmission.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, its difference from Example 1 is as follows:

[0046] The dynamic friction plate 101 is a plane in its free state;

[0047] In a free state, the center of the inner ring of the static friction plate 102 is axially away from the dynamic friction plate 101.

[0048] Specifically, when energized, the elastic surface of the static friction plate 102 deforms, the center of the inner ring coincides with the center of the outer ring, and it fits against the dynamic friction plate 101 to realize power transmission; when de-energized, the static friction plate 102 returns to its free state, the center of the inner ring deviates from the dynamic friction plate 101, forming an axial gap, reducing the synergistic effect of residual magnetic force and oil film adsorption force.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, its difference from Example 1 is as follows:

[0051] The static friction plate 102 is a plane in its free state;

[0052] In a free state, the center of the inner ring of the moving friction plate 101 is axially away from the stationary friction plate 102.

[0053] Specifically, when energized, the elastic surface of the moving friction plate 101 deforms, the center of the inner ring coincides with the center of the outer ring, and it fits against the stationary friction plate 102 to realize power transmission; when de-energized, the moving friction plate 101 returns to its free state, the center of the inner ring deviates from the stationary friction plate 102, forming an axial gap, reducing the synergistic effect of residual magnetic force and oil film adsorption force.

[0054] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides a friction pad assembly, including the above-mentioned friction pad components, wherein multiple friction pad components are stacked sequentially along the output shaft direction, and the number of them can be singular or plural.

[0055] This application also provides an electromagnetic clutch, including the friction plate assembly described above.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A friction pad assembly, characterized in that, It includes: A pair of elastic annular friction plates (1), both of which are provided with a central through hole (2) for the output shaft to pass through. One friction plate (1) has an external spline (3) on its outer ring circumferentially, and the other friction plate has an internal spline (4) on its inner ring circumferentially. In the free state, at least one friction piece (1) has an axial gap between the center of its outer ring and the center of its inner ring, and the center of its inner ring is axially away from another friction piece (1). The friction plate (1) has a first state and a second state. When it is in the first state, the inner ring center of the friction plate (1) coincides with the outer ring center, and the two friction plates (1) are pressed together. When it is in the second state, the friction plate (1) returns to the inner ring center away from the outer ring center.

2. The friction pad assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plate (1) includes a dynamic friction plate (101) and a static friction plate (102). The moving friction plate (101) is fixedly connected to the input shaft via an external spline (3); The static friction plate (102) is fixedly connected to the output shaft via an internal spline (4).

3. The friction pad assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic friction plate (101) is planar in its free state; In a free state, the center of the inner ring of the static friction plate (102) is axially away from the dynamic friction plate (101).

4. The friction pad assembly as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The static friction plate (102) is planar in its free state; In a free state, the center of the inner ring of the dynamic friction plate (101) is axially away from the static friction plate (102).

5. The friction pad assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the free state, the centers of the outer rings and the centers of the inner rings of the two friction plates (1) are spaced apart along the axial direction.

6. The friction pad assembly as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The centers of the inner rings of the two friction plates (1) are far apart from each other.

7. A friction pad assembly, characterized in that: It includes the friction plate assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of the friction plate assemblies are stacked sequentially along the output shaft direction.

8. An electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that: Includes the friction pad assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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