A freeze-dryer

Abstract

The application relates to a freeze dryer, which belongs to the field of freeze drying equipment. The freeze dryer mainly solves the technical problems of short service life, low vacuumizing efficiency and high maintenance cost of the existing freeze dryer. The technical scheme is as follows: a freeze dryer comprises a freezing tank, a vacuum pump and a refrigeration system, the vacuum pump and the refrigeration system are connected with the freezing tank, and a water supplementing device is arranged between the freezing tank and the vacuum pump; the water supplementing device comprises a water supplementing heat exchange pipe, a water supplementing heating belt, a water supplementing heat preservation layer and a water supplementing shell, the water supplementing heat exchange pipe is arranged in the inner cavity of the water supplementing shell, the water supplementing heat exchange pipe is in a spiral shape in the inner cavity, the water supplementing heat exchange pipe spirally extends from one end of the inner cavity of the water supplementing shell to the other end of the inner cavity of the water supplementing shell, and the end of the water supplementing heat exchange pipe is connected with the refrigeration system. The freeze dryer is mainly applied to the field of household vacuum freeze drying equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of freeze-drying equipment, and in particular to a freeze dryer. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the vacuum extraction port of existing household freeze dryers is usually set on the surface of the freeze tank. In actual operation, after the moisture of the material sublimates, some of it will be captured by the cylinder wall, while some of it will not be captured in time and will directly enter the vacuum extraction port and finally enter the vacuum pump. Household vacuum pumps are rotary vane pumps. The lubricating oil of this pump cannot be mixed with water. When water vapor is mixed in, emulsification occurs, which affects the life of the vacuum pump and the vacuuming efficiency.

[0003] Existing household freeze dryers suffer from limited water replenishment capacity. In practical applications, based on a drying area of ​​0.4㎡ and a maximum design weight of approximately 10 catties of material, when the moisture content is high, the ice layer thickness on the surface of the freezer can reach 20-30 mm, and the temperature of the outermost surface of the can and the outermost ice layer can reach 8-10℃. This significantly reduces the water replenishment capacity, resulting in a large amount of water vapor that cannot be captured later. Especially in the enhanced drying section, to ensure the sublimation drying of moisture within the core cells of the material, the drying temperature is often increased to achieve desorption drying. This temperature also radiates to the cold air. The freezing tank surface allows a large amount of water vapor to enter the vacuum pump, resulting in a reverse sublimation phenomenon. In current models, the refrigeration oil needs to be changed every 4-8 drying batches, making maintenance very cumbersome for users. This also significantly reduces the lifespan of the vacuum pump in the household freeze dryer and easily causes internal corrosion, leading to a sharp increase in user maintenance costs. If each refrigeration oil change costs 50 yuan, it will cost 200-300 yuan per month, and approximately 2500-3000 yuan per year. This calculation does not include the cost of replacing the vacuum pump. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a freeze dryer that significantly reduces the amount of water vapor entering the vacuum pump.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a freeze dryer, including a freezing tank, a vacuum pump, and a refrigeration system, wherein the vacuum pump and the refrigeration system are respectively connected to the freezing tank, and a water replenishment device is provided between the freezing tank and the vacuum pump;

[0006] The water replenishment device of this utility model includes a water replenishment heat exchange pipe, a water replenishment heating belt, a water replenishment insulation layer, and a water replenishment shell.

[0007] The water supply heat exchange tube of this invention is disposed in the inner cavity of the water supply shell.

[0008] The water supply heat exchange tube of this invention is spiral-shaped in the inner cavity.

[0009] In this invention, the water supply heat exchange tube extends spirally from one end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the other end.

[0010] The end of the water supply heat exchange tube of this utility model is connected to the refrigeration system;

[0011] The water replenishment heating belt of this invention is disposed on the outer periphery of the water replenishment shell.

[0012] The water replenishment heating belt of this utility model is wrapped in a ring around the outer circumference of the water replenishment shell;

[0013] The water-replenishing and heat-insulating layer of this utility model wraps around the water-replenishing heating belt and the water-replenishing shell;

[0014] The water replenishment device of this utility model is provided with a water replenishment air inlet, a water replenishment drain outlet, and a water replenishment air extraction outlet.

[0015] In this invention, the water inlet and air outlet, the water outlet and the water exhaust outlet all extend along the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the outer peripheral surface of the water supply and insulation layer.

[0016] The water supply and drainage outlet of this invention is located on the end face of the water supply device near the bottom of the freeze dryer.

[0017] The water supply and drainage outlet of this utility model is also equipped with a drainage control valve;

[0018] The water inlet and air outlet of this invention are connected to the freezer tank.

[0019] The water supply and air extraction port of this utility model is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0020] The water supply heat exchange tube of this utility model is arranged in a double helix shape in the inner cavity of the water supply shell. The water supply heat exchange tube extends spirally from one end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the other end of the inner cavity and then extends spirally back to the initial end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell.

[0021] In this invention, the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged on the water supply device to maximize the distance of air from the water inlet to the water outlet.

[0022] The freezing tank of this utility model includes freezing heat exchange tubes, material racks, freezing insulation layer and freezing shell.

[0023] The material rack of this invention is disposed in the inner cavity of the freezing shell.

[0024] The material rack of this utility model is provided with heating elements and heat insulation plates arranged in sequence below it;

[0025] The refrigeration heat exchange tube of this invention is disposed on the outer periphery of the refrigeration shell.

[0026] In this invention, a refrigeration heat exchange tube is wound in a ring around the outer peripheral surface of the refrigeration shell;

[0027] The refrigeration insulation layer of this utility model encapsulates the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the refrigeration shell;

[0028] The freezing shell of this utility model is provided with a freezing detection port, a freezing evacuation port, and a freezing fixing component.

[0029] The refrigeration extraction port of this utility model is located on the end face of the refrigeration tank near the bottom of the freeze dryer;

[0030] The freezing fastener of this utility model is disposed on the outer periphery of the freezing tank.

[0031] The refrigeration system of this utility model includes a compression device, a condensing device, and a control valve. The control valve includes a return gas control valve. The condensing device is connected to the compression device. One end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the compression device, and the other end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the condensing device. A return gas control valve is provided between the compression device and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

[0032] The refrigeration system of this utility model is connected to a water supply device. The control valve also includes a water supply control valve. One end of the water supply heat exchange tube of the water supply device is connected to the compression device, and the other end of the water supply heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube. A water supply control valve is provided between the water supply heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

[0033] The refrigeration system of this utility model also includes a drying and filtering device, and the control valve also includes a switch control valve. One end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube, and the other end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the condensing device. A switch control valve is provided between the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the condensing device.

[0034] The freeze dryer of this utility model also includes a casing, in which the freezing tank, water replenishment device and refrigeration system are respectively disposed. The casing is also provided with a door panel, which is movably connected to the casing and corresponds to and is connected to the freezing tank.

[0035] The freeze dryer of this utility model also includes a control system, which is connected to control the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system, water replenishment device and control valve respectively. Multiple sensors are installed in the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system and water replenishment device respectively. The control system monitors and controls the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system, water replenishment device and control valve in real time by receiving sensor signals, dynamically adjusts the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration system, monitors and detects the internal environment of the freeze dryer in real time, and coordinates and regulates the vacuum pump, water replenishment device and control valve.

[0036] The control system of this utility model is equipped with a refrigeration system control module, a vacuum pump control module, a freezer tank control module, a water replenishment device control module, and a control valve control module for real-time monitoring and control.

[0037] The refrigeration system control module of this utility model is mainly used to adjust the moisture capture of the condensing device and the refrigeration effect of the compression device. It monitors the surface temperature of the condenser in real time through a sensor and compares it with a preset threshold. It controls the refrigerant flow of the compression device to maintain the condenser temperature within the set range. After the vacuum system is started, it automatically activates the pre-cooling function of the condensing device and executes the automatic defrosting program of the condensing device when the freeze-drying is finished.

[0038] The vacuum pump control module of this utility model is mainly used to adjust the vacuum pump, dynamically adjust the vacuum pump power according to the preset vacuum degree curve, and realize gradient pressure reduction control. The pressure maintenance logic unit switches to low power mode after the target vacuum degree is reached, and maintains pressure stability by intermittently starting and stopping the vacuum pump.

[0039] The freezer control module of this utility model is mainly used to regulate the heating elements in the freezer. It collects material plate temperature data through multi-segment temperature sensors in the freezer, uses PID algorithm to control heating power output, supports staged temperature setting and heating / cooling rate control, has a multi-user preset process template calling function, and allows setting temperature-time curves and deviation tolerances for primary drying and secondary drying stages.

[0040] The water replenishment device control module of this utility model is mainly used to regulate the water replenishment heating belt in the water replenishment device. It collects temperature data through the sensor in the water replenishment device and controls the heating and defrosting of the water replenishment heating belt to achieve staged temperature setting and heating and cooling rate control.

[0041] The control valve module of this utility model is mainly used to control the opening and closing of the return air control valve, the water supply control valve, the on / off control valve, and the drain control valve. The return air control valve and the water supply control valve are interlocked. When the return air control valve is open, the water supply control valve is closed; when the water supply control valve is open, the return air control valve is closed.

[0042] When the water replenishment control valve is opened, the low-pressure refrigerant from the refrigeration system enters the refrigeration heat exchange tube of the freezer tank through the water replenishment heat exchange tube, and then returns to the refrigeration system. At this time, the surface of the water replenishment heat exchange tube of the water replenishment device begins to replenish water and form ice, reducing the moisture content in the air of the water replenishment device, and the water replenishment device is in working condition.

[0043] When the return gas control valve is open, the low-pressure refrigerant from the refrigeration system directly enters the refrigeration heat exchange tube of the freezer tank and then returns to the refrigeration system, and the water replenishment device is not working.

[0044] When the drying and filtering device of the sensing refrigeration system is working, the control switch controls the valve to open.

[0045] The control valve control module of this utility model collects water volume data of the water supply shell in the water supply device through the sensor in the water supply device, and controls the opening of the drainage control valve to realize the drainage function.

[0046] The control system of this utility model also includes an integrated human-machine interface that displays and stores temperature, vacuum level, and time progress parameters in real time; an alarm unit that triggers audible and visual alarms and shutdown protection when parameters exceed limits or equipment malfunctions are detected; a data communication interface that supports uploading operating data to a cloud server via Ethernet or wireless network and receiving remote control commands; and a fault diagnosis unit that identifies potential fault types of the equipment based on historical data comparison and generates maintenance suggestions.

[0047] Simultaneously, when the control system senses an abnormal increase in the temperature of the condensing unit or a continuous deviation of the vacuum level from the set value by more than 5%, it will execute an emergency shutdown and cut off the heating and vacuum power.

[0048] The freezer of this invention also has a freezing function. The freeze-drying process of this invention is mainly divided into four steps: freezing, vacuuming, sublimation drying, and desorption drying. During freezing, the cooling capacity of the freezer is increased to facilitate rapid freezing of the material. At this time, the water replenishment device has no cooling requirement. After freezing, vacuuming begins. When entering the vacuum stage, the temperature of the water replenishment device is reduced. By controlling the return gas control valve and the water replenishment control valve, the cooling capacity can be easily switched. After the vacuum degree is qualified, the sublimation drying stage begins. Drying starts simultaneously on the upper and lower surfaces of the material and slowly progresses towards the center. Finally, desorption drying, commonly known as enhanced drying, is performed by increasing the drying temperature.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with existing freeze dryers, the addition of a water replenishment device, which shares a compression device with the freezing tank, results in a minimal increase in overall equipment cost and a mere 5kg increase in overall weight. It also increases the effective vacuum pumping stroke of the freeze dryer, ensuring all air inside the freeze dryer passes through the water replenishment device, significantly reducing the amount of moisture entering the vacuum pump. Simultaneously, it increases the frequency of lubricant replacement in the vacuum pump from once every 4-8 batches to once every approximately 25 batches, greatly extending the lifespan of the vacuum pump and reducing daily maintenance costs by 70%. It is primarily designed for household freeze-drying equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the water replenishment device of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a side view of the water replenishment device of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the water replenishment device of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a side view of the freezer tank of this utility model;

[0055] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0056] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the freezer tank of this utility model;

[0057] Figure 8 This is a side view of the freeze dryer of this utility model;

[0058] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0059] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure from another direction;

[0060] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the control and operation principle of the refrigeration system.

[0061] In the diagram: 1-Casing, 2-Sealing ring, 3-Door panel, 4-Freezing tank, 5-Refrigeration system, 6-Water replenishment device, 7-Control system, 41-Freezing heat exchange tube, 42-Material rack, 43-Freezing insulation layer, 44-Freezing shell, 45-Freezing fastener, 46-Freezing exhaust port, 51-Compression device, 52-Condensation device, 53-Drying and filtering device, 54-Control valve, 541-Return gas control valve, 542-Water replenishment control valve, 61-Water replenishment air inlet, 62-Water replenishment drain, 63-Water replenishment exhaust port, 64-Drainage control valve, 65-Water replenishment heat exchange tube, 66-Water replenishment heating belt, 67-Water replenishment insulation layer, 68-Water replenishment shell. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0063] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit this application or its application or use in any way. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0065] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrative purposes and to facilitate understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this application. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0066] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0067] Example 1, see Figures 1 to 4 The water replenishment device 6 of this utility model includes a water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65, a water replenishment heating belt 66, a water replenishment insulation layer 67, and a water replenishment shell 68. The water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65 is disposed in the inner cavity of the water replenishment shell 68, and the water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65 is spirally arranged in the inner cavity. The water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65 extends spirally from one end of the inner cavity of the water replenishment shell 68 to the other end of the inner cavity, and continues to return to the initial end along the axis. The water inlet and outlet ends of the water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65 extend out of the water replenishment device 6, and the ends of the water replenishment heat exchange pipe 65 are connected to the refrigeration system 5. The water replenishment heating belt 66 is wrapped in a ring around the water replenishment shell 68. The outer periphery of the shell 68; the water replenishment and heat preservation layer 67 wraps the water replenishment heating belt 66 and the water replenishment shell 68; the water replenishment device 6 is provided with a water replenishment air inlet 61, a water replenishment drain outlet 62 and a water replenishment air extraction outlet 63, the water replenishment air inlet 61, the water replenishment drain outlet 62 and the water replenishment air extraction outlet 63 all extend along the inner cavity of the water replenishment shell 6 to the outer periphery of the water replenishment and heat preservation layer 67, the water replenishment drain outlet 62 is provided on the end face of the water replenishment device 6 near the bottom of the freeze dryer, and a drain control valve 64 is also provided on the water replenishment drain outlet 62; the water replenishment air inlet 61 is connected to the freezer tank 4, and the water replenishment air extraction outlet 63 is connected to the vacuum pump.

[0068] Example 2, see Figures 5 to 7 The freezing tank 4 of this utility model includes a freezing heat exchange tube 41, a material rack 42, a freezing insulation layer 43, and a freezing shell 44. The material rack 42 is disposed in the inner cavity of the freezing shell 44, and heating elements and a heat insulation plate are arranged sequentially below the material rack 42. The freezing heat exchange tube 41 is wrapped around the outer circumference of the freezing shell 44. The freezing insulation layer 43 covers the freezing heat exchange tube 41 and the freezing shell 44. The freezing shell is provided with a freezing detection port, a freezing evacuation port 46, and a freezing fixing member 45. The freezing evacuation port 46 is disposed on the end face of the freezing tank 4 near the bottom of the freeze dryer. The freezing fixing members 45 are evenly disposed on the outer circumference of the freezing tank 4 for fixing the freezing tank. The rest is the same as any other embodiment of this utility model or a combination of two or more embodiments.

[0069] Example 3, see Figures 8 to 10The freeze dryer of this utility model includes a freezing tank 4, a vacuum pump, a refrigeration system 5, and a housing 1. The freezing tank 4, the water replenishment device 6, and the refrigeration system 5 are respectively disposed inside the housing 1. The housing is also provided with a door panel 3, which is movably connected to the housing 1. The door panel 3 corresponds to and is connected to the freezing tank 4, so that the opening of the freezing tank 4 is covered by the door panel 3 to achieve a seal. A sealing ring 2 is also provided at one end of the door panel 3 near the freezing tank 4. When the door panel 3 is closed, the sealing ring 2 is tightly connected to the freezing tank 4, so that the door panel 3, the sealing ring 2, and the freezing tank 4 combine to form a sealed cavity.

[0070] The refrigeration system 5 of this utility model includes a compression device 51, a condensing device 52, and a control valve 54. The control valve 54 includes a return gas control valve 541. The condensing device is connected to the compression device. One end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the compression device, and the other end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the condensing device. A return gas control valve is provided between the compression device and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

[0071] The refrigeration system of this utility model is connected to a water supply device. The control valve also includes a water supply control valve 542. One end of the water supply heat exchange tube of the water supply device is connected to the compression device, and the other end of the water supply heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube. A water supply control valve is provided between the water supply heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

[0072] The refrigeration system of this utility model also includes a drying and filtering device 53, and the control valve also includes a switch control valve. One end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube, and the other end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the condensing device. A switch control valve is provided between the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the condensing device. The rest is the same as any other embodiment of this utility model or a combination of two or more embodiments.

[0073] Example 4, see Figure 11 The control valve control module of this utility model is mainly used to control the opening and closing of the return air control valve, the water supply control valve, the on / off control valve and the drain control valve. The return air control valve and the water supply control valve are interlocked. When the return air control valve is open, the water supply control valve is closed; when the water supply control valve is open, the return air control valve is closed.

[0074] When the water replenishment control valve is opened, the low-pressure refrigerant from the refrigeration system enters the refrigeration heat exchange tube of the freezer tank through the water replenishment heat exchange tube, and then returns to the refrigeration system. At this time, the surface of the water replenishment heat exchange tube of the water replenishment device begins to replenish water and form ice, reducing the moisture content in the air of the water replenishment device, and the water replenishment device is in working condition.

[0075] When the return gas control valve is open, the low-pressure refrigerant from the refrigeration system directly enters the refrigeration heat exchange tube of the freezer tank and then returns to the refrigeration system, and the water replenishment device is not working.

[0076] When the control valve control module of this utility model senses the operation of the drying and filtering device of the refrigeration system, the control switch controls the valve to open; the rest is the same as any other embodiment of this utility model or a combination of two or more embodiments.

Claims

1. A freeze dryer, comprising a freezing tank, a vacuum pump, and a refrigeration system, wherein the vacuum pump and the refrigeration system are respectively connected to the freezing tank, characterized in that: A water supply device is provided between the freezing tank and the vacuum pump; The water replenishment device includes a water replenishment heat exchange pipe, a water replenishment heating belt, a water replenishment insulation layer, and a water replenishment shell. The water supply heat exchange pipe is installed inside the water supply shell. The water supply heat exchange tube is spiral-shaped within the inner cavity. The water supply heat exchange tube extends spirally from one end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the other end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell. The end of the water supply heat exchange pipe is connected to the refrigeration system; The water replenishment heating belt is disposed on the outer periphery of the water replenishment shell. The water replenishment heating belt is wrapped in a ring around the outer circumference of the water replenishment shell; The water replenishment and heat insulation layer wraps around the water replenishment heating belt and the water replenishment shell; The water replenishment device is equipped with a water replenishment air inlet, a water replenishment drain outlet, and a water replenishment air extraction outlet. The water inlet, water outlet, and water exhaust port all extend along the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the outer peripheral surface of the water supply and insulation layer. The water replenishment and drainage outlets are located on the end face of the water replenishment device near the bottom of the freeze dryer. A drain control valve is also installed on the water supply and drainage outlet; The water and air inlet is connected to the refrigeration tank. The water supply and air extraction port is connected to the vacuum pump.

2. The freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply heat exchange tube is arranged in a double helix shape in the inner cavity of the water supply shell. The water supply heat exchange tube extends spirally from one end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell to the other end of the inner cavity and then extends spirally back to the initial end of the inner cavity of the water supply shell.

3. The freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply inlet and the water supply exhaust outlet are respectively arranged on the water supply device to maximize the distance of air from the water supply inlet to the water supply exhaust outlet.

4. The freeze dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freezing tank includes freezing heat exchange tubes, a material rack, a freezing insulation layer, and a freezing shell. The material rack is disposed in the inner cavity of the freezing shell. Heating elements and heat insulation plates are arranged sequentially under the material rack; The refrigeration heat exchange tubes are disposed on the outer periphery of the refrigeration shell. The refrigeration heat exchange tube is wrapped in a ring around the outer peripheral surface of the refrigeration shell; The cryogenic insulation layer encloses the cryogenic heat exchange tube and the cryogenic shell; The freezing shell is provided with a freezing detection port, a freezing evacuation port, and a freezing fixing component. The refrigeration extraction port is located on the end face of the refrigeration tank near the bottom of the freeze dryer; The freezing fixture is disposed on the outer periphery of the freezing tank.

5. The freeze dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refrigeration system includes a compressor, a condenser, and a control valve. The control valve includes a return gas control valve. The condenser is connected to the compressor. One end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the compressor, and the other end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is connected to the condenser. A return gas control valve is provided between the compressor and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

6. The freeze dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The refrigeration system is connected to a water supply device, and the control valve also includes a water supply control valve. One end of the water supply heat exchange tube of the water supply device is connected to the compression device, and the other end of the water supply heat exchange tube is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube. A water supply control valve is provided between the water supply heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube.

7. The freeze dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The refrigeration system also includes a drying and filtering device, and the control valve also includes an on / off control valve. One end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the refrigeration heat exchange tube, and the other end of the drying and filtering device is connected to the condensing device. An on / off control valve is provided between the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the condensing device.

8. The freeze dryer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The freeze dryer also includes a casing, and the freezing tank, water replenishment device and refrigeration system are respectively disposed inside the casing. The casing is also provided with a door panel, which is movably connected to the casing and corresponds to and is connected to the freezing tank.

9. The freeze dryer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The freeze dryer also includes a control system, which is connected to control the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system, water replenishment device, and control valve. Multiple sensors are installed in the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system, and water replenishment device. The control system monitors and controls the freezing tank, vacuum pump, refrigeration system, water replenishment device, and control valve in real time by receiving sensor signals, dynamically adjusts the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration system, monitors and detects the internal environment of the freeze dryer in real time, and coordinates and regulates the vacuum pump, water replenishment device, and control valve.

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