A multi-stage small distillation column

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of distillation column technology, specifically a multi-stage small distillation column. The utility model includes a column body fixedly connected to supports, and a reboiler and a condenser mounted on a support frame. A pipe is fixedly connected between the reboiler and the column body, and a pipe is fixedly connected between the condenser and the column body. An external feed inlet is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the column body. Multiple evenly distributed trays are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column body. A cleaning assembly is provided on the inner wall of the column body. By using the cleaning assembly, during tray cleaning, a water inlet drive mechanism rotates the cavity shaft, causing the rotating rod to rotate, which in turn causes the brush bristles at the lower end of the mounting rod to rotate, thereby cleaning the trays. Simultaneously, the water inlet drive mechanism fills the cavity shaft, then enters the rotating rod, and finally sprays out onto the trays through the water outlet at the bottom of the mounting rod, thus achieving a comprehensive cleaning of impurities on the trays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of distillation column technology, and in particular to a multi-stage small distillation column. Background Technology

[0002] A distillation column is a tower-type gas-liquid contact device used for distillation. It utilizes the different volatility of components in a mixture (i.e., different vapor pressures at the same temperature) to transfer lighter components from the liquid phase to the gas phase, while heavier components from the gas phase transfer to the liquid phase, thus achieving separation. A distillation column consists of a column body, a reboiler and condenser mounted on supports, piping, trays, and an external feed inlet. When using a small distillation column, the feeding and vaporization process is as follows: the feed enters through the inlet in the middle of the column; the reboiler at the bottom heats the liquid portion, causing it to vaporize and generate an upward vapor flow; the rectification section separates the rising vapor... As the concentration of light components in the vapor increases with each tray, when they come into contact with the reflux liquid at the top of the column, the heavy components condense and reflux, while the light components continue to rise. In the stripping section, the concentration of heavy components in the descending liquid increases, and when they come into contact with the rising vapor, the light components are vaporized and purified, while the heavy components accumulate at the bottom of the column. Condensation and reflux: The vapor at the top of the column is liquefied by the condenser, part of which is returned to the top of the column as reflux liquid to maintain separation efficiency, and part of which is collected as a high-purity light component product. Bottom product output: The bottom residue is circulated and heated by the reboiler, and the heavy components are collected as a high-purity product. Each tray is equivalent to one equilibrium distillation, and component purification is achieved through multi-stage separation.

[0003] In their daily work, the inventors discovered that during the use of distillation columns, in order to prevent the accumulation of impurities such as gums, asphaltenes, and inorganic salts (such as ammonium chloride) on the surface of the trays and sieve holes, which would alter the surface roughness and geometry of the trays, interfere with the uniform contact between the gas and liquid phases, and reduce mass transfer efficiency, it is usually necessary to clean the surface of the trays. The general cleaning method is to rinse the trays with water, but this is not easy to remove the impurities attached to the trays, which may lead to incomplete cleaning of the trays and the retention of impurities. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that in actual use, in order to avoid the accumulation of impurities such as colloids, asphaltene, and inorganic salts (such as ammonium chloride) on the surface of the trays and sieve holes, which would change the surface roughness and geometry of the trays, interfere with the uniform contact between the gas and liquid phases, and reduce the mass transfer efficiency, it is usually necessary to clean the surface of the trays. The general cleaning method is to rinse the trays with water, but this is not easy to remove the impurities attached to the trays, which may lead to incomplete cleaning of the trays and the problem of impurity residue. Therefore, a multi-stage small distillation column is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage small distillation column, comprising a column body fixedly connected to a support, and a reboiler and a condenser mounted on a support. A pipe is fixedly connected between the reboiler and the column body, and a pipe is fixedly connected between the condenser and the column body. An external feed inlet is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the column body. Multiple evenly distributed trays are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column body. A cleaning assembly is provided on the inner wall of the column body. The cleaning assembly includes a hollow rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the column body via a bearing. The hollow rotating shaft passes through the trays. Multiple evenly distributed rotating rods are fixedly connected to the arc surface of the hollow rotating shaft. The rotating rods communicate with the hollow rotating shaft via water holes. An installation rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating rod. Brush bristles are fixedly connected to the lower end of the installation rod. Multiple evenly distributed water outlet holes are provided at the lower end of the installation rod. A water inlet driving mechanism is provided at the upper end of the column body. The water inlet driving mechanism is used to drive the hollow rotating shaft to rotate, thereby filling the hollow rotating shaft with water.

[0006] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting up the cleaning components, when cleaning the tower plate, the water inlet drive mechanism causes the cavity shaft to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating rod to rotate, and the brush bristles at the lower end of the mounting rod to follow the rotation, thereby cleaning the tower plate. At the same time, the water inlet drive mechanism allows water to fill the cavity shaft, then enter the rotating rod, and finally spray it onto the tower plate through the water outlet under the mounting rod, thereby achieving the effect of thoroughly cleaning the impurities on the tower plate as much as possible.

[0007] Preferably, the water inlet drive mechanism includes a water turbine fixedly connected to the arc surface of the cavity shaft, and a water inlet cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tower body, with the water turbine located inside the water inlet cover.

[0008] The above components achieve the following effects: water enters through the inlet hood, causing the water to impact the water turbine, which in turn rotates the turbine and causes the cavity shaft to rotate. A sealing ring is installed between the cavity shaft and the tower body.

[0009] Preferably, the arc surface of the hollow rotating shaft is provided with multiple evenly distributed water inlet holes.

[0010] The effect achieved by the above components is that, by setting a water inlet, the water source entering the water inlet shroud enters the cavity shaft through the water inlet.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed springs, and the other end of the springs is fixedly connected to the rotating rod.

[0012] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: by setting a spring, the brush bristles come into contact with the tray, causing the spring to be compressed. The reverse force pushes the mounting rod, so that the brush bristles make full contact with the tray.

[0013] Preferably, a self-priming pump is installed at the upper end of the tower body, and a first water pipe is fixedly connected between the self-priming pump and the water inlet cover.

[0014] The effect achieved by the above components is that, by setting up a self-priming pump, clean water is introduced into the water inlet hood through the first water pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the input end of the self-priming pump is fixedly connected to an external pipe, which is used to connect to an external water source.

[0016] The effect achieved by the above components is as follows: the self-priming pump is started, so that the cleaning water source is drawn into the first water pipe through the external pipe and then enters the water inlet shroud.

[0017] Preferably, a one-way valve is installed on the inner wall of the water outlet.

[0018] The effect achieved by the above components is to prevent external fluid from entering the rotating rod by setting a one-way valve.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] In this invention, by setting up a cleaning component, during the cleaning of the trays, the water inlet drive mechanism causes the cavity shaft to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating rod to rotate, and the brush bristles at the lower end of the mounting rod to follow the rotation, thereby cleaning the trays. At the same time, the water inlet drive mechanism allows water to fill the cavity shaft, then enter the rotating rod, and finally spray out onto the trays through the water outlet under the mounting rod. This achieves the effect of thoroughly cleaning the trays of impurities as much as possible. It solves the problem that in order to avoid the accumulation of impurities such as colloids, asphaltene, and inorganic salts (such as ammonium chloride) on the tray surface and sieve holes, which would change the surface roughness and geometry of the trays, interfere with the uniform contact between the gas and liquid phases, and reduce mass transfer efficiency, it is usually necessary to clean the tray surface. However, the general cleaning method is to rinse the trays with water, but this is not easy to remove the impurities attached to the trays, which may lead to incomplete cleaning of the trays and the retention of impurities. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tower body cross-section of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning component of this utility model exploding;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating rod explosion of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of this utility model.

[0026] Legend: 1. Tower body; 2. Cleaning assembly; 3. Support leg; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Support frame; 6. Reboiler; 7. Condenser; 8. Pipeline; 9. Tower plate; 21. Cavity shaft; 22. Rotating rod; 23. Mounting rod; 24. Brush; 25. Water outlet; 26. Spring; 27. Water inlet drive mechanism; 271. Water turbine; 272. Water inlet; 273. Water inlet cover; 274. First water pipe; 275. Self-priming pump; 276. External pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a multi-stage small distillation column includes a column body 1 fixedly connected to a support 3 and a reboiler 6 and a condenser 7 installed on a support 5. A pipe 8 is fixedly connected between the reboiler 6 and the column body 1, and a pipe 8 is fixedly connected between the condenser 7 and the column body 1. An external raw material inlet 4 is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the column body 1. Multiple evenly distributed trays 9 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column body 1. A cleaning assembly 2 is provided on the inner wall of the column body 1.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in this embodiment: the cleaning component 2 includes a hollow rotating shaft 21 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1 via bearings. The hollow rotating shaft 21 penetrates the tower plate 9. Multiple evenly distributed rotating rods 22 are fixedly connected to the arc surface of the hollow rotating shaft 21. The rotating rods 22 communicate with the hollow rotating shaft 21 via water holes. An installation rod 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the rotating rod 22. Brush bristles 24 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the installation rod 23. Multiple evenly distributed water outlet holes 25 are provided at the lower end of the installation rod 23. The upper end of the tower body 1 is provided with... The water inlet drive mechanism 27 drives the cavity rotating shaft 21 to rotate, thus filling the cavity rotating shaft 21 with water. By setting the cleaning assembly 2, when cleaning the tower plate 9, the water inlet drive mechanism 27 causes the cavity rotating shaft 21 to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating rod 22 to rotate, causing the brush bristles 24 at the lower end of the mounting rod 23 to rotate accordingly, thereby cleaning the tower plate 9. Simultaneously, the water inlet drive mechanism 27 fills the cavity rotating shaft 21 with water, which then enters the rotating rod 22 and finally flows through the mounting rod 23. The water is sprayed from the outlet 25 onto the tower plate 9, thereby achieving a comprehensive cleaning of impurities on the tower plate 9. The water inlet drive mechanism 27 includes a water turbine 271 fixedly connected to the arc surface of the cavity shaft 21. A water inlet cover 273 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tower body 1. The water turbine 271 is located inside the water inlet cover 273. Water enters the water inlet cover 273, causing the water to impact the water turbine 271, which in turn rotates the water turbine 271, causing the cavity shaft 21 to rotate. A sealing ring is provided between the cavity shaft 21 and the tower body 1. The rotating shaft 21 has multiple evenly distributed water inlet holes 272 on its arc surface. Water from the water inlet cover 273 enters the hollow rotating shaft 21 through the water inlet holes 272. Multiple evenly distributed springs 26 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the mounting rod 23. The other end of the springs 26 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 22. By setting the springs 26, the brush bristles 24 come into contact with the tower plate 9, causing the springs 26 to be compressed. Their reverse force pushes the mounting rod 23, so that the brush bristles 24 fully contact the tower plate 9.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment: a self-priming pump 275 is installed at the upper end of the tower body 1. A first water pipe 274 is fixedly connected between the self-priming pump 275 and the water inlet cover 273. By setting the self-priming pump 275, clean water is drawn into the water inlet cover 273 through the first water pipe 274. An external pipe 276 is fixedly connected to the input end of the self-priming pump 275. The external pipe 276 is used to connect to an external water source. When the self-priming pump 275 is started, the cleaning water is drawn into the first water pipe 274 through the external pipe 276 and then enters the water inlet cover 273. A one-way valve is installed on the inner wall of the water outlet 25. By setting the one-way valve, external fluids are prevented from entering the interior of the rotating rod 22.

[0030] Working principle:

[0031] When using a small distillation column, the process is as follows: Feed and vaporization: The feed enters from the feed inlet 4 in the middle of the column. The reboiler 6 at the bottom heats the liquid portion, causing it to vaporize and generate an upward vapor flow. Rectification section separation: The concentration of light components in the rising vapor increases with each tray 9. When it comes into contact with the reflux liquid at the top of the column, the heavy components condense and reflux, while the light components continue to rise. Stripping section separation: The concentration of heavy components in the descending liquid increases. When it comes into contact with the rising vapor, the light components are vaporized and purified, while the heavy components accumulate at the bottom of the column. Condensation and reflux: The vapor at the top of the column is liquefied by the condenser 7. Part of it is returned to the top of the column as reflux liquid to maintain separation efficiency, and part is collected as a high-purity light component product. Bottom product output: The bottom residue is circulated and heated by the reboiler 6, and the heavy components are collected as a high-purity product. Each tray 9 is equivalent to one equilibrium distillation. Component purification is achieved through multi-stage separation. When cleaning the trays 9, the self-priming pump 275 is started, allowing the cleaning water source to be drawn through the external pipe 276. Water is drawn through the first water pipe 274 and then into the water inlet hood 273, causing the water source to impact the water turbine 271, which in turn rotates the cavity shaft 21. A sealing ring is installed between the cavity shaft 21 and the tower body 1, causing the rotating rod 22 to rotate. This causes the brush bristles 24 at the lower end of the mounting rod 23 to rotate as well, thereby cleaning the tower plate 9. At the same time, the water source entering through the water inlet hood 273 enters the cavity shaft 21 through the water inlet hole 272, filling the cavity shaft 21 and then entering the rotating rod 22. Finally, it is sprayed out onto the tower plate 9 through the water outlet hole 25 under the mounting rod 23, thus achieving the effect of thoroughly cleaning the impurities on the tower plate 9. By setting a spring 26, the brush bristles 24 come into contact with the tower plate 9, causing the spring 26 to be compressed. Its reverse force pushes the mounting rod 23, ensuring that the brush bristles 24 fully contact the tower plate 9. By setting a one-way valve, external fluid is prevented from entering the rotating rod 22.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model, without departing from the scope of the utility model's technical solution, still fall within the protection scope of this utility model's technical solution. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood through specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A multi-stage small distillation column, comprising a column body (1) fixedly connected to a support (3) and a reboiler (6) and a condenser (7) mounted on a support (5), characterized in that: A pipe (8) is fixedly connected between the reboiler (6) and the tower body (1), and a pipe (8) is fixedly connected between the condenser (7) and the tower body (1). An external raw material inlet (4) is fixedly connected to the arc surface of the tower body (1). A plurality of evenly distributed tower plates (9) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1). A cleaning assembly (2) is provided on the inner wall of the tower body (1). The cleaning assembly (2) includes a cavity shaft (21) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tower body (1) by means of a bearing. The cavity shaft (21) penetrates the tower plate (9). The arc surface of the tower body (1) is fixedly connected with multiple evenly distributed rotating rods (22). The rotating rods (22) are connected to the cavity shaft (21) through water holes. The inner wall of the rotating rods (22) is slidably connected with mounting rods (23). The lower end of the mounting rods (23) is fixedly connected with bristles (24). The lower end of the mounting rods (23) is provided with multiple evenly distributed water outlet holes (25). The upper end of the tower body (1) is provided with a water inlet drive mechanism (27). The water inlet drive mechanism (27) is used to drive the cavity shaft (21) to rotate, so as to fill the cavity shaft (21) with water.

2. The multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet drive mechanism (27) includes a water turbine (271) fixedly connected to the arc surface of the cavity shaft (21), and a water inlet cover (273) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the tower body (1). The water turbine (271) is located inside the water inlet cover (273).

3. A multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow rotating shaft (21) has multiple evenly distributed water inlet holes (272) on its arc surface.

4. A multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the mounting rod (23) is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed springs (26), and the other end of the springs (26) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (22).

5. A multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 4, characterized in that: A self-priming pump (275) is installed at the upper end of the tower body (1), and a first water pipe (274) is fixedly connected between the self-priming pump (275) and the water inlet cover (273).

6. A multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input end of the self-priming pump (275) is fixedly connected to an external pipe (276), which is used to connect to an external water source.

7. A multi-stage small-scale distillation column according to claim 6, characterized in that: A one-way valve is installed on the inner wall of the water outlet (25).

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