Food waste harmless treatment device

Abstract

A food waste harmless treatment device includes a housing with a feeding port at the top. A feed guide plate is located below the feeding port, and a reagent kit is inclined at the bottom of the feed guide plate. An automatic switching mechanism is located at the opening of the reagent kit. Inside the housing, from top to bottom, are a crushing mechanism, a dehydration mechanism, and an oil-water separation mechanism. A first collection box is fixedly installed inside the housing. The dehydration mechanism has a liquid outlet and a fixed outlet. A second collection box is located below the solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism. The oil-water separation mechanism includes a first pipe and a second pipe for discharging. Valves are installed at the inlet ends of both the first and second pipes. A semi-permeable membrane is installed at the inlet end of the first pipe before the valve. The purpose of this invention is to provide a food waste harmless treatment device capable of automatically adding microbial deodorizing agents to prevent odorous gases from leaking from the feeding port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of food waste treatment technology, specifically to a device for the harmless treatment of food waste. Background Technology

[0002] With accelerated urbanization and expanded catering consumption, the annual amount of food waste has exceeded 100 million tons. Its high water content, perishable nature, and oil and salt content pose serious threats to the ecological environment and public health if directly landfilled or incinerated, as direct landfilling or incineration can easily lead to leachate pollution of groundwater and greenhouse gas emissions. Currently, mainstream food waste harmless treatment devices typically employ a three-stage process: pretreatment, core treatment, and post-treatment. The pretreatment stage uses crushers to reduce waste particle size and utilizes mechanical pressing or centrifugal dehydration to achieve solid-liquid separation. Core treatment technologies include aerobic composting, anaerobic fermentation, or high-temperature drying, aiming to degrade organic matter and recover resources. The post-treatment stage involves secondary purification of the separated oils and liquids. To control odor, existing devices often passively spray chemical deodorizers or add fixed doses of microbial agents during waste treatment.

[0003] Although the existing devices have achieved basic functions, there are still some shortcomings. Traditional devices rely on manual or timer control to spray deodorant, and cannot automatically add microbial deodorant when food waste enters the treatment tank, or not add microbial deodorant when no food waste enters the treatment tank. If manual spraying is used, the feeding of food waste needs to be monitored at all times, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. If timer spraying is used, it is easy to waste reagents or insufficient coverage, and it is difficult to effectively suppress the generation and emission of odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a device for the harmless treatment of food waste that can automatically add microbial deodorizing agents to prevent the leakage of odorous gases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for the harmless treatment of food waste, which can automatically add microbial deodorizing agents to prevent odorous gases from leaking out from the feeding port.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A food waste harmless treatment device includes a box body. A feeding port is located at the top of the box body, and a feeding guide plate is located below the feeding port. The feeding guide plate is inclined, and a reagent kit is inclinedly located at the bottom of the feeding guide plate. The reagent kit is fixedly connected to the feeding guide plate. An addition port for adding reagents is located at the higher end of the reagent kit, and an opening is located at the lower end of the reagent kit. An automatic switching mechanism is located at the opening. From top to bottom, the box body includes a crushing mechanism, a dehydration mechanism, and an oil-water separation mechanism. A first collection box is fixedly located inside the box body, connecting the discharge port of the crushing mechanism and the inlet of the dehydration mechanism. The dehydration mechanism has a liquid discharge port and a fixed discharge port. A second collection box is located below the solid discharge port of the dehydration mechanism, and the second collection box is pull-out connected to the box body. The liquid discharge port of the dehydration mechanism is connected to the inlet of the oil-water separation mechanism. The oil-water separation mechanism includes a first pipe and a second pipe for discharging material. Valves are located at the inlet ends of both the first and second pipes. A semi-permeable membrane is located at the inlet end of the first pipe before the valve.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the feed guide plate is provided with side baffles on both sides for blocking the material.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the automatic switching mechanism includes a rotating block, a rotating shaft, and a rotating plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in a groove in the feed guide plate. The rotating plate is provided at the top of the rotating shaft, and the rotating block is provided at the bottom of the rotating plate. The rotating block has a quarter-cylinder structure, and the arc-shaped surface of the rotating block contacts the reagent kit. The lower end of the reagent kit has an arc-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the rotating block.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber, a stirring crushing component, and a first motor. The top of the crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet. The stirring crushing component is disposed inside the crushing chamber. One end of the stirring crushing component is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chamber. The first motor is fixedly disposed on the outside of the chamber. The drive end of the first motor passes through the side wall of the chamber and is fixedly connected to one end of the stirring crushing component.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the dewatering mechanism includes a conveying cylinder and a pressing cylinder. One end of the conveying cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box, and the other end of the conveying cylinder is connected to one end of the pressing cylinder. The other end of the pressing cylinder is a solid discharge port. The pressing cylinder has a variable diameter structure. An auger is provided inside the conveying cylinder. One end of the auger is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box, and the other end of the auger is fixedly provided with a pressing head. The pressing head has a variable diameter structure, and spiral blades are provided on the outer surface of the pressing head. A filter plate is provided at the bottom of the conveying cylinder, and a collection hopper is provided below the conveying cylinder. The collection hopper is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveying cylinder. A second motor for driving the auger is provided outside the box.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the oil-water separation mechanism further includes a separation box, the inlet ends of the first pipe and the second pipe are fixedly connected to the bottom of the separation box, the inlet ends of the first pipe and the second pipe are connected to the inner cavity of the separation box, and the outlet ends of the first pipe and the second pipe penetrate through the side wall of the box.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, a water pump is provided inside the box, and the water pump is connected to the first pipeline.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] In this invention, an automatic switching mechanism is provided at the opening of the reagent kit, which enables the automatic addition of microbial deodorizer when food waste is fed in and closes the opening when feeding stops. This ensures precise matching, reduces reagent waste, and eliminates the need for manual intervention, thereby reducing labor costs.

[0016] In this invention, a semi-permeable membrane is used to separate oil and liquid. The semi-permeable membrane can trap oil and large particulate impurities, improving the separation effect of liquid and oil and facilitating the subsequent separation and recycling of liquid and oil. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of section A of this utility model;

[0022] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0023] 1-Box body, 2-Feeding port, 21-Feeding guide plate, 22-Side baffle, 3-Reagent kit, 31-Rotating block, 32-Rotating shaft, 33-Rotating plate, 34-Outlet, 35-Adding port, 4-Crushing chamber, 41-Agitating and crushing component, 42-First motor, 5-First collection box, 6-Second collection box, 7-Dehydration mechanism, 71-Conveying cylinder, 72-Filter plate, 73-Extrusion cylinder, 74-Screwdriver, 75-Extrusion head, 76-Second motor, 77-Collection hopper, 8-Separation box, 81-First pipe, 82-Semi-permeable membrane, 83-Water pump, 84-Second pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product is in use. These are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the food waste harmless treatment device includes a box 1, a feeding port 2 is provided on the top of the box 1, a feeding guide plate 21 is provided below the feeding port 2, the feeding guide plate 21 is inclined, and side baffles 22 for blocking the material are provided on both sides of the feeding guide plate 21.

[0029] A reagent kit 3 is inclined at the bottom of the feed guide plate 21 and is fixedly connected to the feed guide plate 21. The reagent kit 3 contains a microbial deodorizer. The microorganisms in the kit can convert odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produced in food waste into harmless substances through metabolism, thereby achieving the purpose of deodorization. The higher end of the reagent kit 3 is provided with an addition port 35 for adding reagents, and the lower end of the reagent kit 3 is provided with an opening. An automatic switching mechanism is provided at the opening. The automatic switching mechanism automatically opens the opening when feeding is done through the feeding port 2, and closes the opening when feeding is not done. This allows the microbial deodorizer to be automatically added when food waste is poured into the container 1, and the opening of the reagent kit 3 to be closed when food waste is stopped being poured into the container 1, without adding any microbial deodorizer.

[0030] like Figure 4 The automatic switching mechanism includes a rotating block 31, a rotating shaft 32, and a rotating plate 33. The rotating shaft 32 is rotatably mounted within a groove in the feed guide plate 21. The groove in the feed guide plate 21 is located in its width direction and is a through groove. The length of the groove is less than the width of the feed guide plate 21. The axial direction of the rotating shaft 32 is consistent with the length direction of the through groove. The top and bottom of the rotating shaft 32 extend through the through groove. A rotating plate 33 is located at the top of the rotating shaft 32. The bottom of the rotating plate 33 is connected to the rotating block 31 via a connecting rod. The rotating block 31 has a fan-shaped cross-section. The outer arc-shaped surface of the rotating block 31 contacts the reagent kit 3. The lower outer wall surface of the reagent kit 3 has an arc-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the rotating block 31. The opening of the reagent kit 3 is located on the lower outer wall surface.

[0031] When the rotating plate 33 and the rotating block 31 are in their original positions, the rotating block 31 can block the opening of the reagent kit 3, preventing the microbial deodorizer inside the reagent kit 3 from being discharged. When food waste passes over the feed guide plate 21, the food waste will cause the rotating plate 33 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating plate 33 drives the rotating shaft 32 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 32 then drives the rotating block 31 to rotate. The arc-shaped surface of the rotating block 31 slides along the arc-shaped structure of the reagent kit 3. After the rotating block 31 rotates, it does not block the opening of the reagent kit 3, and the microbial deodorizer inside the reagent kit 3 is discharged from the opening of the reagent kit 3. A return torsion spring is provided between the rotating shaft 32 and the through groove. When the rotating plate 33 is not under force, the rotating shaft 32 controls the rotating plate 33 to return to its original position.

[0032] This embodiment is used for centralized processing of food waste. The waiter collects the solid-liquid mixed food waste into the trash can. During processing, the solid-liquid mixed food waste in the trash can is poured into the container 1 from the feeding port 2 at one time. Since a large amount of food waste is added to the container 1 each time, it is enough to drive the rotating plate 33 to rotate. Moreover, the return torsion spring is short, which can reduce the chance of food waste getting stuck.

[0033] The container 1 contains, from top to bottom, a crushing mechanism, a dehydration mechanism 7, and an oil-water separation mechanism. The crushing mechanism stirs and crushes the food waste inside the container 1, ensuring that the microbial deodorizing agent discharged from the reagent kit 3 is evenly mixed with the food waste, facilitating the conversion of odorous gases in the food waste into harmless substances by microorganisms. The dehydration mechanism 7 dehydrates the crushed food waste, achieving solid-liquid separation. The oil-water separation mechanism processes the liquid separated by the dehydration mechanism 7, achieving separation of liquid and grease. A first collection box 5 is fixedly installed inside the container 1, and the first collection box 5 is connected to the outlet of the crushing mechanism. The feed inlet is connected to the feed inlet of the dehydration mechanism 7. The dehydration mechanism 7 is provided with a liquid outlet and a fixed outlet. A second collection box 6 is provided below the solid outlet of the dehydration mechanism 7. The second collection box 6 collects the solids separated by the dehydration mechanism 7 for subsequent aerobic composting or anaerobic digestion. The second collection box 6 is removably connected to the box body 1. The liquid outlet of the dehydration mechanism 7 is connected to the feed inlet of the oil-water separation mechanism. The oil-water separation mechanism includes a first pipe 81 and a second pipe 84 for discharging. The oil separated by the oil-water separation mechanism flows out from the second pipe 84, and the liquid flows out from the first pipe 81.

[0034] Furthermore, both the first pipe 81 and the second pipe 84 are equipped with valves at their inlet ends. A semi-permeable membrane 82 is installed in front of the valve at the inlet end of the first pipe 81. The semi-permeable membrane 82 only allows small molecules such as water molecules to pass through, while large molecules such as grease or some large particulate impurities cannot pass through. Therefore, when the oil-water separation mechanism is performing separation, the valve in the first pipe 81 is opened first, and the valve in the second pipe 84 is closed. Small molecule liquids pass through the semi-permeable membrane 82 and flow out from the first pipe 81. When the liquid is drained, grease and large particulate impurities cannot pass through the semi-permeable membrane 82 and will remain in the separation tank 8. At this time, the valve in the second pipe 84 is opened, and grease and large particulate impurities are discharged from the second pipe 84, thus achieving coarse separation of grease and liquid.

[0035] In some feasible embodiments, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber 4, a mixing and crushing component 41, and a first motor 42. The crushing chamber 4 has a feed inlet at its top. The mixing and crushing component 41 is disposed within the crushing chamber 4, with one end rotatably connected to the side wall of the housing 1. The first motor 42 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the housing 1, with its drive end penetrating the side wall of the housing 1 and fixedly connected to one end of the mixing and crushing component 41. The first motor 42 drives the mixing and crushing component 41 to mix and crush the food waste within the crushing chamber 4. The mixing and crushing component is an existing structure, including a rotating shaft 32 and several blades, which will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0036] The bottom of the crushing chamber 4 is inclined, and the discharge port of the crushing mechanism is located at the lower end of the crushing chamber 4, which facilitates the discharge of crushed food waste from the discharge port. The discharge port is equipped with a valve, which controls the opening and closing of the discharge port. The valve is closed during crushing and opens after crushing is completed to discharge the material.

[0037] In some feasible embodiments, the dehydration mechanism 7 includes a conveying cylinder 71 and a pressing cylinder 73. One end of the conveying cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the other end of the conveying cylinder 71 is connected to one end of the pressing cylinder 73. The other end of the pressing cylinder 73 is a solid discharge port. The pressing cylinder 73 has a variable diameter structure, with a smaller diameter at the discharge port end. An auger 74 for conveying food waste is installed inside the conveying cylinder 71. One end of the auger 74 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and a pressing head 75 is fixedly installed at the other end of the auger 74. The pressing head 75 has a variable diameter structure, with a smaller radius at the end near the discharge port of the extrusion cylinder 73. The outer surface of the pressing head 75 is equipped with spiral blades. The pressing head 75, in conjunction with the extrusion cylinder 73, compresses the food waste, squeezing out the liquid within. The bottom of the conveying cylinder 71 is a filter plate 72, and a collection hopper 77 is located below the conveying cylinder 71. The collection hopper 77 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveying cylinder 71. The squeezed liquid passes through the filter plate 72 and enters the collection hopper 77, then flows from the discharge port of the collection hopper 77 into the oil-water separation mechanism. A second motor 76 is located outside the housing 1 to drive the auger 74. The second motor 76 drives the auger 74 to rotate and convey the food waste. Since the auger 74 is fixedly connected to the pressing head 75, the rotation of the auger 74 drives the pressing head 75 to rotate, compressing the food waste.

[0038] Specifically, when the auger 74 transports food waste, the food waste is drawn into the conveying cylinder 71 by the spiral blades of the auger 74. During the process of the auger 74 pushing the food waste, the food waste will be squeezed. When the food waste leaves the conveying cylinder 71 and enters the squeezing cylinder 73, the spacing of the threaded blades on the squeezing head 75 gradually narrows, making the movement space of the food waste smaller and smaller, and the pressure continuously increases. Under high pressure, liquid seeps out from the food waste, achieving the effect of dehydration.

[0039] In some feasible embodiments, the oil-water separation mechanism further includes a separation tank 8, the inlet ends of the first pipe 81 and the second pipe 84 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the separation tank 8, the inlet ends of the first pipe 81 and the second pipe 84 are connected to the inner cavity of the separation tank 8, and the outlet ends of the first pipe 81 and the second pipe 84 penetrate through the side wall of the tank 1.

[0040] In some feasible embodiments, a water pump 83 is provided inside the housing 1. The water pump 83 is connected to the first pipe 81. The operation of the water pump 83 can create a negative pressure environment in the first pipe 81, which accelerates the liquid to pass through the semi-permeable membrane 82 into the first pipe 81 and then discharge it.

[0041] In some feasible embodiments, the chamber is provided with an air extraction mechanism, which includes an air pump, an air extraction pipe and an exhaust pipe. The air pump is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the chamber. One end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the air inlet of the air pump, and the other end of the air extraction pipe is directed towards the material feeding of the chamber. Activated carbon is provided inside the air extraction pipe. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates through the side wall of the chamber.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for harmless treatment of food waste, comprising a container (1), wherein a feeding port (2) is provided on the top of the container (1), characterized in that, Below the feeding port (2) is a feeding guide plate (21), which is inclined. A reagent kit (3) is inclined at the bottom of the feeding guide plate (21). The reagent kit (3) is fixedly connected to the feeding guide plate (21). The higher end of the reagent kit (3) is provided with an addition port (35) for adding reagents. The lower end of the reagent kit (3) is provided with an opening. An automatic switching mechanism is provided at the opening. The box (1) is provided with a crushing mechanism, a dehydration mechanism (7) and an oil-water separation mechanism from top to bottom. A first collection box (5) is fixedly provided in the box (1). The first collection box (5) is connected to the crusher. The discharge port of the structure is connected to the inlet of the dehydration mechanism (7). The dehydration mechanism (7) is provided with a liquid discharge port and a fixed discharge port. A second collection box (6) is provided below the solid discharge port of the dehydration mechanism (7). The second collection box (6) is connected to the box body (1) by a pull-out mechanism. The liquid discharge port of the dehydration mechanism (7) is connected to the inlet of the oil-water separation mechanism. The oil-water separation mechanism includes a first pipe (81) and a second pipe (84) for discharging materials. The inlet ends of the first pipe (81) and the second pipe (84) are both provided with valves. A semi-permeable membrane (82) is provided in front of the valve at the inlet end of the first pipe (81).

2. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed guide plate (21) is provided with side baffles (22) on both sides for blocking the material.

3. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic switching mechanism includes a rotating block (31), a rotating shaft (32), and a rotating plate (33). The rotating shaft (32) is rotatably disposed in a groove in the feed guide plate (21). The rotating plate (33) is provided at the top of the rotating shaft (32), and the rotating block (31) is provided at the bottom of the rotating plate (33). The rotating block (31) is a quarter-cylindrical structure. The arc surface of the rotating block (31) contacts the reagent kit (3). The lower end of the reagent kit (3) is an arc structure adapted to the arc surface of the rotating block (31).

4. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber (4), a stirring crushing component (41), and a first motor (42). The crushing chamber (4) has a feed inlet at the top. The stirring crushing component (41) is located inside the crushing chamber (4). One end of the stirring crushing component (41) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body (1). The first motor (42) is fixedly located on the outside of the box body (1). The drive end of the first motor (42) passes through the side wall of the box body (1) and is fixedly connected to one end of the stirring crushing component (41).

5. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehydration mechanism (7) includes a conveying cylinder (71) and a pressing cylinder (73). One end of the conveying cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box (1), and the other end of the conveying cylinder (71) is connected to one end of the pressing cylinder (73). The other end of the pressing cylinder (73) is a solid discharge port. The pressing cylinder (73) has a variable diameter structure. An auger (74) is provided inside the conveying cylinder (71). One end of the auger (74) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the box (1). An pressing head (75) is fixedly provided at the other end of the auger (74). The pressing head (75) has a variable diameter structure. Spiral blades are provided on the outer surface of the pressing head (75). A filter plate (72) is provided at the bottom of the conveying cylinder (71). A collection hopper (77) is provided below the conveying cylinder (71). The collection hopper (77) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the conveying cylinder (71). A second motor (76) for driving the auger (74) is provided outside the box (1).

6. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil-water separation mechanism also includes a separation box (8), the feed ends of the first pipe (81) and the second pipe (84) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the separation box (8), the feed ends of the first pipe (81) and the second pipe (84) are connected to the inner cavity of the separation box (8), and the discharge ends of the first pipe (81) and the second pipe (84) penetrate through the side wall of the box body (1).

7. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a water pump (83), which is connected to the first pipe (81).

8. The food waste harmless treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box (1) is equipped with an air extraction mechanism, which includes an air pump, an air extraction pipe and an exhaust pipe. The air pump is fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the box (1). One end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the air inlet of the air pump, and the other end of the air extraction pipe faces the feeding port (2) of the box (1). Activated carbon is provided inside the air extraction pipe. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates the side wall of the box (1).

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