A novel BMS system architecture

Abstract

This utility model discloses a novel BMS system architecture, comprising interconnected circuits connected in series. The positive terminal of the circuit at the front end is connected to the positive terminal of a novel power conversion system (PCS), and the negative terminal of the circuit at the back end is connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS). Each circuit includes a battery pack and a novel battery management system (BMS). The novel BMS has a port one and a port two, with corresponding positive and negative terminals respectively. Each battery pack corresponds one-to-one with the novel BMS, and the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of port one in the corresponding novel BMS. Data is transmitted using a high-voltage line carrier within the battery pack, reducing communication wiring by more than 70%, significantly reducing cost, weight, and potential failure points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management, and in particular to a novel BMS system architecture. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the safety, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of battery management systems (BMS) have become core concerns in the industry. Traditional BMS adopts a hierarchical architecture (master controller + slave controller), requiring a large number of wiring harnesses to achieve communication between modules, resulting in high system complexity, increased failure risk, and higher production costs. At the same time, the master control unit is a single point of failure; once it fails, it will paralyze the entire battery system. Existing battery management systems (BMS) typically have the following problems: (1) The communication harness is complex and costly. A large number of harnesses increase material costs, assembly time and vehicle / energy storage system weight. They are also susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which can lead to signal attenuation or bit errors. (2) There is a risk of single-point failure of the main controller. Failure of the main controller will paralyze the entire BMS and result in low system safety redundancy. (3) The scalability is poor. Adding a new battery pack requires rewiring and upgrading the main controller logic, which increases the cost of system expansion. (4) The response is delayed. Data from slave controllers must be relayed through the main controller to reach the PCS. Multi-level communication increases the delay and affects the speed of fault protection. (5) The contactor control depends on the main controller. The main circuit is controlled centrally by the main controller. If the main controller fails, the emergency disconnection protection may not be able to be executed.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new BMS architecture that is highly reliable, low-cost, and easily scalable. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel BMS system architecture to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as complex communication harnesses, risk of single point of failure in the main controller, poor scalability, response delay, and dependence of contactor control on the main controller.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A novel BMS system architecture includes interconnected loops connected in series, with the positive terminal of the loop at the front end connected to the positive terminal of a novel power conversion system PCS, and the negative terminal of the loop at the back end connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system PCS.

[0007] Preferably, the circuit includes a battery pack and a novel battery management system (BMS). The novel BMS has a port 1 and a port 2, with corresponding positive and negative terminals respectively. The battery pack and the novel BMS are in one-to-one correspondence. The positive and negative terminals of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the corresponding port 1 in the novel BMS, respectively. The positive terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the front end is connected to the positive terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS), and the negative terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the back end is connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS).

[0008] Preferably, the novel battery management system (BMS) includes a circuit module and an electrical signal module.

[0009] Preferably, the circuit module one includes an electronic power device, an auxiliary power module, a detection module, and a bypass module. The electronic power device is connected in series between port one and port two. The electronic power device and the battery PACK are connected in parallel to the detection module and the auxiliary power module. Adjacent electronic power devices are connected in series, and adjacent electronic power devices are connected in parallel to the bypass module.

[0010] Preferably, the electrical signal module one includes an electronic power device, a PLC communication module one, an auxiliary power supply module, a detection module, a data acquisition module, an equalization module, and a microcontroller unit one. The electronic power device, the PLC communication module one, the auxiliary power supply module, the detection module, the data acquisition module, and the equalization module are connected to the microcontroller unit one via electrical signals.

[0011] Preferably, the novel battery management system (BMS) is equipped with a data acquisition harness, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and the equalization module respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the novel power conversion system PCS includes a second circuit module and a second electrical signal module.

[0013] Preferably, the second circuit module includes contactor one, contactor two, PSC core module, fuse and circuit breaker. The positive terminal of the first port two is connected in sequence to the circuit breaker, fuse, contactor one, PSC core module, contactor two and the negative terminal of the last port two to form a closed loop.

[0014] Preferably, the second electrical signal module includes a first contactor, a second contactor, a PSC core module, a second microcontroller unit, a second PLC communication module, and a PLC signal receiving magnetic ring. The second PLC communication module, the first contactor, the second contactor, and the PSC core module are connected to the second microcontroller unit via electrical signals, and the second PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is connected to the second PLC communication module via electrical signals.

[0015] Preferably, the PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is used for detecting the positive and negative poles between the circuit breaker and the electronic power device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. PLC communication module one and PLC communication module two replace traditional wiring harnesses. Advantages: Data is transmitted using the high-voltage line carrier inside the battery pack, reducing communication wiring harnesses by more than 70%, significantly reducing cost, weight and failure points.

[0018] 2. The traditional battery management system (BMS) master controller is eliminated, and a fully distributed slave controller is adopted. The advantages are: each new battery management system (BMS) slave controller directly manages the on / off state of its respective battery pack (through local contactors), eliminating the risk of single point of failure of the master controller and improving system robustness.

[0019] 3. The slave controller is directly connected to the new power conversion system PCS, which improves communication efficiency. The advantages are: each slave controller communicates directly with the built-in PLC module of the new power conversion system PCS through PLC communication module 1 and PLC communication module 2, eliminating the master control relay link, reducing latency and improving data real-time performance.

[0020] 4. The new power conversion system PCS controls the on / off state of the main circuit. Advantages: The microcontroller unit of the new power conversion system PCS directly controls the series main circuit contactor based on the battery PACK level status reported by the slave controller (such as overvoltage / undervoltage / abnormal temperature), so as to achieve fast and safe protection.

[0021] 5. Modular expansion capability. Advantages: Adding a new battery pack only requires connecting it to the high-voltage bus. The slave controller automatically registers with the new power conversion system PCS network through the PLC, realizing "plug and play" expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point A;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point B. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] See Figures 1-3 This utility model provides a novel BMS system architecture, which includes the connected circuits connected in series, with the positive terminal of the circuit at the front end connected to the positive terminal of the novel power conversion system PCS, and the negative terminal of the circuit at the back end connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system PCS.

[0027] Specifically, the circuit includes a battery pack and a novel battery management system (BMS). The novel BMS has a port 1 and a port 2, with corresponding positive and negative terminals respectively. The battery pack and the novel BMS are in one-to-one correspondence. The positive and negative terminals of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the corresponding port 1 in the novel BMS, respectively. The positive terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the front end is connected to the positive terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS), and the negative terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the back end is connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS).

[0028] Specifically, the novel battery management system (BMS) includes a circuit module and an electrical signal module.

[0029] Specifically, the circuit module one includes an electronic power device, an auxiliary power module, a detection module, and a bypass module. The electronic power device is connected in series between port one and port two. The electronic power device and the battery PACK are connected in parallel to the detection module and the auxiliary power module. Adjacent electronic power devices are connected in series, and adjacent electronic power devices are connected in parallel to the bypass module.

[0030] Specifically, the electrical signal module one includes an electronic power device, a PLC communication module one, an auxiliary power supply module, a detection module, a data acquisition module, an equalization module, and a microcontroller unit one. The electronic power device, PLC communication module one, auxiliary power supply module, detection module, data acquisition module, and equalization module are connected to the microcontroller unit one via electrical signals.

[0031] The system comprises the following modules: **Acquisition Module:** Primarily collects parameters such as cell voltage and temperature; **Battery Equalization Module:** Balances the cells. **Auxiliary Power Module:** Provides power to the BMS (Battery Management System). **Detection Module:** Monitors the status of the circuits, providing data for the BMS's protection and control functions. **Electronic Power Devices:** Mainly composed of MOS or IGBTs, controlled by a microcontroller unit (MCU) to control the circuit's on / off state. **Bypass Module:** Switches to bypass mode when a battery pack malfunctions, ensuring the malfunctioning pack doesn't affect the system's continued power generation. **MCU:** Serves as the core of the BMS, performing control, protection, and data transmission functions. **PLC Communication Module:** Transmits cell parameters, overall battery pack parameters, and status to the PLC module on the PCS side, providing data for the PCS's control and protection logic.

[0032] Specifically, the new battery management system (BMS) is equipped with a data acquisition harness, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and the equalization module respectively.

[0033] Specifically, the novel power conversion system PCS includes a second circuit module and a second electrical signal module.

[0034] Specifically, the second circuit module includes contactor one, contactor two, PSC core module, fuse and circuit breaker. The positive terminal of the first port two is connected in sequence to the circuit breaker, fuse, contactor one, PSC core module, contactor two and the negative terminal of the last port two, forming a closed loop.

[0035] Specifically, the second electrical signal module includes a first contactor, a second contactor, a PSC core module, a second microcontroller unit, a second PLC communication module, and a PLC signal receiving magnetic ring. The second PLC communication module, the first contactor, the second contactor, and the PSC core module are connected to the second microcontroller unit via electrical signals, and the second PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is connected to the second PLC communication module via electrical signals.

[0036] The system includes: a PLC signal receiving magnetic ring (primarily used to receive and filter PLC signals from the new battery management system (BMS)); a PLC communication module (receiving and parsing data from the BMS); a fuse (placed in the main positive circuit for circuit protection); a contactor (receiving control from microcontroller unit 2 to control circuit connection and disconnection); microcontroller unit 2 (serving as the core brain of the entire PCS, providing control, protection, and data transmission functions); a PCS core module (functionally similar to a conventional PCS, converting DC power (usually from the battery storage system) to AC power for use by the AC grid or load; conversely, it can also convert AC power from the grid to DC power to charge the battery); and a bidirectional converter (PCS), which is one of the core components of the entire energy storage system access platform. It is a crucial tool and guarantee for achieving efficient, stable, safe, and reliable operation of the energy storage system access platform and maximizing the utilization of renewable energy.

[0037] Specifically, the PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is used for detecting the positive and negative poles between the circuit breaker and the electronic power device.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel BMS system architecture comprising a novel power conversion system (PCS) and several groups of loops, characterized in that: The connected circuits are connected in series, with the positive terminal of the circuit at the front end connected to the positive terminal of the novel power conversion system PCS, and the negative terminal of the circuit at the back end connected to the negative terminal of the novel power conversion system PCS.

2. The novel BMS system architecture of claim 1, wherein: The circuit includes a battery pack and a novel battery management system (BMS). The BMS has a port 1 and a port 2, with a corresponding positive and negative terminal respectively. The battery pack and the BMS are in one-to-one correspondence. The positive and negative terminals of the battery pack are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the corresponding port 1 in the BMS. The positive terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the front end is connected to the positive terminal of the novel power conversion system (PCS), and the negative terminal of port 2 in the BMS at the back end is connected to the negative terminal of the PCS.

3. The novel BMS system architecture of claim 2, wherein: The novel battery management system (BMS) includes a circuit module and an electrical signal module.

4. The novel BMS system architecture of claim 3, wherein: The circuit module one includes an electronic power device, an auxiliary power module, a detection module, and a bypass module. The electronic power device is connected in series between port one and port two. The electronic power device and the battery PACK are connected in parallel to the detection module and the auxiliary power module. Adjacent electronic power devices are connected in series, and adjacent electronic power devices are connected in parallel to the bypass module.

5. The novel BMS system architecture of claim 4, wherein: The electrical signal module one includes an electronic power device, a PLC communication module one, an auxiliary power supply module, a detection module, a data acquisition module, an equalization module, and a microcontroller unit one. The electronic power device, PLC communication module one, auxiliary power supply module, detection module, data acquisition module, and equalization module are connected to the microcontroller unit one via electrical signals.

6. The novel BMS system architecture of claim 2, wherein: The novel battery management system (BMS) is equipped with a data acquisition harness, which is electrically connected to the data acquisition module and the equalization module, respectively.

7. A novel BMS system architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The novel power conversion system PCS includes a second circuit module and a second electrical signal module.

8. A novel BMS system architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second circuit module includes contactor one, contactor two, PSC core module, fuse and circuit breaker. The positive terminal of the first port two is connected in sequence to the circuit breaker, fuse, contactor one, PSC core module, contactor two and the negative terminal of the last port two, forming a closed loop.

9. A novel BMS system architecture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second electrical signal module includes a first contactor, a second contactor, a PSC core module, a second microcontroller unit, a second PLC communication module, and a PLC signal receiving magnetic ring. The second PLC communication module, the first contactor, the second contactor, and the PSC core module are connected to the second microcontroller unit via electrical signals, and the second PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is connected to the second PLC communication module via electrical signals.

10. A novel BMS system architecture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The PLC signal receiving magnetic ring is used for detecting the positive and negative poles between the circuit breaker and the electronic power device.

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