A natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact

Abstract

This utility model discloses a natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact, including a tower section, an integrally formed lower conical air inlet hood and upper conical exhaust hood at the upper and lower openings of the tower section, and a ring-shaped gas distributor installed between the opposite ends of the lower conical air inlet hood and the upper conical exhaust hood. Both ends of the tower section are equipped with baffle plates, and multiple layers of annular spray pipes are installed on the inner wall of the tower section outside the ring-shaped gas distributor. In this utility model, after the natural gas to be desulfurized by spraying enters the tower section, the natural gas passes through the lower conical air inlet hood and enters the ring-shaped gas distributor containing a packing layer. At this time, the natural gas diffuses evenly outward from the central axis of the ring-shaped gas distributor and enters the multiple layers of annular spray pipes. The natural gas rises and comes into contact with the sprayed absorbent. The desulfurized natural gas continues to enter the next tower section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of desulfurization tower technology, specifically to a natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact. Background Technology

[0002] Desulfurization towers are used in natural gas purification processes to remove harmful impurities such as hydrogen sulfide from gases, ensuring the safety and environmental friendliness of the natural gas. These towers typically consist of several tower sections, packing or plates, inlet and outlet ports, an absorbent supply system, a reaction zone, a liquid outlet, and a monitoring and control system. The natural gas to be treated enters the desulfurization tower through the inlet at the bottom of the tower. Inside, it reacts chemically with a sprayed alkaline absorbent (such as sodium hydroxide), converting harmful hydrogen sulfide into water-soluble sulfide salts, thus purifying the gas. After the reaction, the sulfides are captured by the absorbent liquid, and the purified natural gas is discharged from the top of the tower, meeting emission standards. The absorbent contains sulfides and requires regeneration to remove them, restore the absorbent's reusability, and ensure continuous operation. Desulfurization efficiency is affected by various factors, including absorbent concentration, gas velocity, temperature, and pressure. It is typically improved through multi-stage desulfurization, optimized packing layout, and control of operating parameters. However, currently, as natural gas rises through the tower, it passes through packing layers and contacts the absorbent. The packing is usually composed of random packing or corrugated plate packing, with numerous voids and complex flow channels. The geometry, size, and distribution of these channels are not entirely uniform, causing the gas to flow along different paths during its ascent, resulting in localized velocity differences and uneven flow. This structural complexity makes precise control of the gas diffusion path difficult, leading to phenomena such as "flow deviation" or "dead zones." Furthermore, the flow of natural gas within the tower is mostly turbulent, which is random and unstable. In this case, the uneven gas flow path means that some areas may not have sufficient contact with the absorbent, resulting in inadequate absorption of sulfides and reduced overall desulfurization efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a natural gas desulfurization device with sufficient spray contact. After the natural gas undergoing spray desulfurization enters the tower section, it enters the annular gas distributor containing a packing layer through the lower conical air inlet hood. At this time, the natural gas diffuses evenly outward from the central axis of the annular gas distributor and enters the multi-layer annular spray pipe group. The natural gas rises and comes into contact with the sprayed absorbent. The desulfurized natural gas continues to enter the next tower section until it is discharged through the tower body, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact, comprising a tower section, an integrally formed lower conical air inlet hood, an upper conical exhaust hood at the upper and lower opening positions of the tower section, and an annular gas distributor installed between the opposite ends of the lower conical air inlet hood and the upper conical exhaust hood. Both ends of the tower section are equipped with baffle plates, and a multi-layer annular spray pipe assembly is installed on the inner wall of the tower section outside the annular gas distributor.

[0005] Preferably, both sides of the top of the upper conical exhaust hood are provided with perforations for gas passage.

[0006] Preferably, the multi-layer annular spray pipe assembly includes several annular pipes fixed on the inner wall of the tower section, multiple nozzles installed at equal intervals in annular pattern on the inner wall of the annular pipes, and a riser installed on one side of the tower section. A connecting pipe connected to the annular pipes is installed on the outer wall of one side of the riser.

[0007] Preferably, the baffle plate is made of stainless steel.

[0008] Preferably, the annular air distributor includes a convex exhaust cover fixed to the lower end of the upper conical exhaust hood, a convex intake cover fixed to the upper end of the lower conical intake hood, and a hollow storage cylinder disposed between the convex exhaust cover and the convex intake cover. Several annular guide vanes with equal spacing are installed on the top and bottom ends of the hollow storage cylinder, and a gap is provided between two adjacent guide vanes.

[0009] Preferably, an air baffle is installed at one end of the interior of the convex exhaust cover.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact uses a structure that includes tower sections, a lower conical inlet hood, an annular gas distributor, a multi-layer annular spray pipe group, and an upper conical exhaust hood, all working together. After the natural gas to be sprayed for desulfurization enters the tower section, it passes through the lower conical inlet hood into the annular gas distributor containing a packing layer. At this point, the natural gas diffuses evenly outward from the central axis of the annular gas distributor and enters the multi-layer annular spray pipe group. The natural gas rises and comes into contact with the sprayed absorbent. The desulfurized natural gas continues to enter the next tower section until it is discharged through the tower body. The natural gas is guided at the central axis of the annular gas distributor, passing through the annular space... The gas diffuses outward, forming a relatively uniform gas flow field. This layout ensures that the gas is radially evenly distributed before entering the multi-layer annular spray pipe group, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient local gas concentration. The multi-layer annular spray pipe group enables multiple, multi-angle spraying, making the absorbent distribution in the gas more uniform and covering a wider range. This helps ensure that the gas fully contacts the absorbent during its ascent, making full use of reaction time and reaction area, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of sulfides. Secondly, each tower section can be designed as an independent reaction unit, forming a multi-stage reaction field. This "step-by-step purification" method can effectively control reaction conditions, ensuring that the desulfurization effect of each stage meets the standards, reducing the residue of unreacted sulfides, and improving overall efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the tower section of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the hollow storage cylinder of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Tower section; 2. Multi-layer annular spray pipe assembly; 201. Riser; 202. Annular pipe; 203. Nozzle; 204. Connecting pipe; 3. Lower conical air inlet hood; 4. Upper conical exhaust hood; 401. Hollow section; 5. Material baffle plate; 6. Annular air distributor; 601. Hollow storage cylinder; 602. Convex exhaust top cover; 603. Convex air inlet bottom cover; 604. Guide vane; 605. Gap section. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-5 One embodiment of this utility model is a natural gas desulfurization device with full spray contact, including a tower section 1, a lower conical air inlet hood 3 and an upper conical exhaust hood 4 integrally formed at the upper and lower opening positions of the tower section 1, and a ring-shaped gas distributor 6 installed between the opposite ends of the lower conical air inlet hood 3 and the upper conical exhaust hood 4. The lower conical air inlet hood 3 gently guides the gas into the tower section 1, avoiding high-speed impact of the airflow at the inlet, thereby reducing local pressure fluctuations and ensuring stable gas flow.

[0019] Both ends of the tower section 1 are equipped with baffles 5. The baffles 5 are made of stainless steel. The two baffles 5 form a chamber for packing to be retained inside the tower section 1. A multi-layer annular spray pipe group 2 is installed on the inner wall of the tower section 1 outside the annular gas distributor 6.

[0020] Both sides of the top of the upper conical exhaust hood 4 are provided with perforated parts 401 for gas passage. The desulfurized natural gas enters the upper conical exhaust hood 4 through the perforated parts 401 and is discharged into the next tower section 1.

[0021] The multi-layer annular spray pipe assembly 2 includes several annular pipes 202 fixed on the inner wall of tower section 1, multiple nozzles 203 installed at equal intervals in annular on the inner wall of the annular pipes 202, and a riser 201 installed on one side of tower section 1. A connecting pipe 204 connected to the annular pipes 202 is installed on the outer wall of one side of the riser 201. The absorbent is sent into the riser 201 through an external delivery pump and pipeline, and enters the annular pipes 202 through the connecting pipe 204. At this time, the absorbent is sprayed out through several nozzles 203 on the inner wall of the annular pipes 202, forming a horizontal atomized surface, increasing the contact area of ​​the liquid and ensuring that the gas can fully contact the absorbent at different positions, thereby achieving an all-round reaction.

[0022] The annular gas distributor 6 includes a convex exhaust cover 602 fixed to the lower end of the upper conical exhaust hood 4, a convex intake cover 603 fixed to the upper end of the lower conical intake hood 3, and a hollow storage cylinder 601 disposed between the convex exhaust cover 602 and the convex intake cover 603. Several annular, equally spaced guide vanes 604 are installed on the top and bottom ends of the hollow storage cylinder 601, and a gap 605 is provided between adjacent guide vanes 604. The lower conical intake hood 3 allows natural gas to pass through... The gas is fed into the hollow storage cylinder 601 through the convex lower air inlet cover 603. At this time, the shell structure formed by the convex lower air inlet cover 603, the hollow storage cylinder 601, and the convex upper exhaust cover 602 needs to be filled with a packing layer. Then, the natural gas seeps out through the gap 605 between two adjacent guide vanes 604 and enters the tower section 1. The gas is evenly diffused radially at the annular gas distributor 6 to avoid local overload or dead zones, thereby ensuring that each spray zone can receive sufficient gas supply.

[0023] A baffle plate is installed at one end inside the convex exhaust cover 602. The baffle plate is used to prevent the convex exhaust cover 602 and the upper conical exhaust hood 4 from communicating with each other.

[0024] In this embodiment, the natural gas to be desulfurized by spraying first enters tower section 1. The natural gas then enters the annular gas distributor 6, which contains a packing layer, through the lower conical inlet hood 3. At this point, the natural gas diffuses evenly outward from the central axis of the annular gas distributor 6 and enters the multi-layer annular spray pipe group 2. The natural gas rises and contacts the sprayed absorbent. The desulfurized natural gas continues to enter the next tower section 1 until it is discharged through the tower body. The main function of the lower conical inlet hood 3 is to guide the airflow, reducing turbulence and pressure loss when the airflow enters the tower body. The gas gradually slows down within the lower conical inlet hood 3, forming a relatively stable flow state, which is beneficial for subsequent uniform distribution. Subsequently, the gas diffuses outward along the central axis in the annular gas distributor 6, forming radial diffusion after being guided by the annular space. The gas flow field, through a reasonable gas distribution method, ensures that the gas is fully and evenly distributed before entering the spray zone, avoiding local overload or dead zones, thus providing a good foundation for subsequent gas-liquid contact. Then, the gas gradually rises along the Z-axis and enters the multi-layer annular spray pipe group 2 to achieve multiple and multi-angle spraying, ensuring that the absorbent fully covers the gas flow field and increasing the gas-liquid contact area. During the spraying process, the alkaline substances in the absorbent react with the sulfides in the gas to form sulfide salts or other harmless products, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. Finally, after the gas completes the multi-layer spraying reaction, it gradually approaches the top of the tower section. At this time, the concentration of sulfides in the remaining gas has been greatly reduced. During the gas rise, it undergoes multiple full contacts and reactions to achieve the expected desulfurization effect, and is discharged to the next tower section through the upper conical exhaust hood 4.

Claims

1. A natural gas desulfurization apparatus with sufficient spray contact, characterized by: It includes a tower section (1), a lower conical air intake hood (3) integrally formed at the upper and lower opening positions of the tower section (1), an upper conical exhaust hood (4), and a ring-shaped air distributor (6) installed between the opposite ends of the lower conical air intake hood (3) and the upper conical exhaust hood (4). Both ends of the tower section (1) are equipped with baffle plates (5), and a multi-layer ring spray pipe group (2) is installed on the inner wall of the tower section (1) outside the ring-shaped air distributor (6).

2. A substantially spray contact natural gas sweetening apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: Both sides of the top of the upper conical exhaust hood (4) are provided with perforated parts (401) for gas passage.

3. A natural gas desulphurization unit with full spray contact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer annular spray pipe assembly (2) includes several annular pipes (202) fixed on the inner wall of the tower section (1), multiple nozzles (203) installed at equal intervals in annular on the inner wall of the annular pipes (202), and a riser (201) installed on one side of the tower section (1). A connecting pipe (204) connected to the annular pipes (202) is installed on the outer wall of one side of the riser (201).

4. A natural gas desulphurization plant with full spray contact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plate (5) is made of stainless steel.

5. A natural gas desulphurization plant with full spray contact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular gas distributor (6) includes a convex exhaust cover (602) fixed at the lower end of the upper conical exhaust hood (4), a convex air intake cover (603) fixed at the upper end of the lower conical air intake hood (3), and a hollow storage cylinder (601) disposed between the convex exhaust cover (602) and the convex air intake cover (603). Several annular equally spaced guide vanes (604) are installed on the top and bottom ends of the hollow storage cylinder (601), and a gap (605) is provided between two adjacent guide vanes (604).

6. A substantially spray contact natural gas sweetening apparatus according to claim 5 wherein: An air baffle is installed at one end of the interior of the convex exhaust cover (602).

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